A joint report of the custodian agencies

THE ENERGY PROGRESS REPORT

TRACKING SDG 7

2020

United NationsStatistics Division

© 2020 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NWWashington DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000Internet: www.worldbank.org

This work is a joint product of the staff of the five custodian agencies, namely The World Bank, the International Energy Agency, the International Renewable Energy Agency, the United Nations Statistics Division and the World Health Organization, with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the custodian agencies, their respective Board of Executive Directors (or equivalent), members or the governments they represent.

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Report designed by: Duina ReyesCover photo: Vincent Tremeau/World Bank

CHAPTER 6: TRACKING SDG 7 PROGRESS ACROSS TARGETS: INDICATORS AND DATA

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TRACKING SDG 7 PROGRESS ACROSS TARGETS: INDICATORS AND DATA

CHAPTER 6

145

Comprehensive and accurate data are a prerequisite for making evidence-based decisions, monitoring trends, and tracking progress toward policy goals. In developed and developing countries alike, well-designed and appropriately resourced statistical systems play a fundamental role in monitoring progress toward Sustainable

Development Goal 7 (SDG 7).

Leveraging national data efforts worldwide, the global tracking presented in this report is a joint effort of the custodian agencies responsible for monitoring progress toward the SDG 7 targets—the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, and the World Health Organization (WHO).45 International organizations typically collect information from across countries, adding value by promoting coherent standards, definitions, and methodologies for both raw data and derived indicators. The ultimate goal is to produce internationally comparable datasets.46

The quality of global tracking certainly benefits from continuous improvements in national data systems, as countries (i) establish frameworks and institutional arrangements to collect comprehensive data on energy supply and demand and prepare full energy balances; (ii) prepare and carry out surveys of households, businesses, and other categories of end users; and (iii) apply sound quality-assurance frameworks.47

The data tables that follow this introduction cover all of the indicators of progress toward the SDG 7 targets, as summarized in table 6.1. What follows is a brief description of work done at the national and international levels to obtain the underlying data. Short descriptions of the methodologies and indicators used in the report were presented in the final sections of chapters 1–5.

TABLE 6.1 • Targets and indicators for SDG 7

TARGET INDICATOR

7.1 • By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy services

7.1.1 • Proportion of population with access to electricity

7.1.2 • Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology for cooking

7.2 • By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix

7.2.1 • Renewable energy share in total final energy consumption

7.3 • By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency

7.3.1 • Energy intensity measured as a ratio of primary energy supply to gross domestic product

7.A • By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency, and advanced and cleaner fossil fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology

7.A.1 • International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems

45 The World Bank and WHO are responsible for tracking progress toward SDG target 7.1 (access to electricity and clean cooking fuels and tech-nology); IEA, IRENA, and UNSD are responsible for SDG target 7.2 (renewable energy); and IEA and UNSD are responsible for SDG target 7.3 (energy efficiency). Target 7.A on international cooperation is tracked by IRENA and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

46 A consultation on harmonized definitions and concepts for energy statistics, conducted across organizations, fed the country-led drafting of the International Recommendations for Energy Statistics (IRES), which were adopted by the United Nations in 2011 (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ener-gystats/methodology/ires/). IRES provides the fundamental definitions behind energy statistics, pointing to international classifications of products (SIEC) and sectors (ISIC). Examples of international data compilations used for this report include IEA’s World Energy Balances (https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-balances-2019) and UNSD’s energy statistics (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/).

47 Institutional arrangements optimize data production, exchange, and governance across organizations, chiefly statistical offices and specialized governmental agencies responsible for implementing energy polices (energy ministries). Energy balances are comprehensive accounts of all the energy entering, exiting, and used in a given country or territory, typically covering production, import, and export of primary energy sources; transformation into fuels for final consumption; and final consumption within each major end-use sector. Examples of energy balances are available at: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tables?country=WORLD. Important aspects of data quality are relevance, accuracy, and reliability; timeliness and punc-tuality; coherence and comparability; and accessibility and clarity. Information on quality assurance frameworks is contained in IRES (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires/).

146 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY

Tracking electrification efforts has been a complex process that has raised many challenges, the first being to devise a universally applicable and transparent approach. Measuring access to electricity requires tracking cumulative progress across interventions by a variety of players—governments, energy utilities, private sector companies, funding agencies, and development organizations at the national and international levels. Particularly challenging are the socioeconomic complexities of low-access countries. Measuring access also implicates a variety of technologies—not only national grids but mini grids and off-grid solutions, such as solar home systems. Finally, it requires assessing the number of people who actually benefit from these interventions, as well as the nature and degree of improvement they provide. But however difficult it may be, measuring access is critical to enable governments and practitioners to understand the current status of access, to identify bottlenecks to further electrification, and to achieve universal access goals in more efficient ways.

The definition and measurement of access to electricity should focus not only on the number of users benefitting from improved energy access, but also on the nature and degree of improvement across various attributes: capacity (adequacy), availability, reliability, affordability, quality, legality, health impact, safety, and convenience, among others. To provide this fuller picture, and to help prioritize investment and track progress, a set of international agencies joined together to produce a multi-tier framework (MTF) for household surveys.48 The MTF has been rolled out by national statistical offices and the World Bank in about 16 countries since 2016. Given the paucity of data for multi-tier metrics, however, standardized country-level surveys and supply-side data from governments and utilities must still be used to complement the MTF approach.

Additional methods of improving the tracking of access to electricity are: (i) developing the capacity of national statistical offices to collect energy data (for example, through workshops organized by development partners on data collection and analysis for the energy sector); (ii) helping governments apply new technology and data analytics, since survey design can be challenging if the national census is outdated or if a census has never been conducted; (iii) improving and adapting the usability of existing datasets for energy practitioners; (iv) exploring the use of large-scale open databases, such as satellite data. Most microdata (including household surveys, enterprise surveys, and agricultural surveys) contain information useful for energy practitioners and the ministries of energy. However, significant time and effort are usually required to extract from such sources data related to energy access, including socioeconomic status, electrification status, and village-level information. Data harmonization and standardization could help more end users access and use such datasets for project design and policy formulation.

ACCESS TO CLEAN COOKING SOLUTIONS

To monitor SDG 7 on access to clean cooking and SDG 3 on health, country and regional estimates are derived using a nonparametric statistical model. “Clean cooking” is defined as the performance of a particular fuel and technology combination, as measured by its emissions. Currently, the analysis for SDG indicator 7.1.2 relies only on cooking fuel as a practical proxy for the population practicing clean cooking. This is due to a lack of globally representative data on the cooking technologies used by households. Therefore, households considered to have access to clean cooking—for purposes of tracking SDG indicator 7.1.2—are those that rely primarily on electricity, biogas, solar, alcohol fuels, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas for cooking.

In future, designing, implementing and monitoring the effectiveness and impacts of policies and programs for clean cooking will depend on better survey coverage of all the types of cooking fuels and technologies used, as well as their duration of use. Presently, country-level estimates of clean cooking access are also used to estimate the incidence of disease caused by household air pollution and ultimately to the “mortality rate from the joint effects of ambient and household air pollution,” which is one of the SDG indicators of environmental health (SDG indicator 3.9.1). By enhancing data collection on the parallel use of multiple cooking solutions in the home (a practice known as “stove stacking,” common in low- and middle-income countries), more refined estimates of human exposure to pollution and the related disease burden will become possible.

Simple changes to surveys can greatly improve the monitoring of trends and effects related to clean cooking. The clean

48 The agencies contributing to the development of the MTF were the Energizing Development Program (EnDev), the Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme, the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, IEA, Practical Action Consulting, the United Nations Development Programme, the UN Foundation, the UN Industrial Development Organization, the World Bank, and WHO.

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 147

cooking estimates presented in this report, for example, drew on more robust data on the specific fuels households use for cooking, which in turn made possible the application of more advanced modeling techniques. The result is the estimation, presented here for the first time, of the percentage of households in each country and region primarily using biomass, charcoal, coal, kerosene, gaseous fuels, and electricity. Armed with such specific fuel-use estimates, decision-makers can better monitor trends and the effects of changes in subsidies, tariffs, and other policies.

As refinements in household surveys and censuses are made, countries should seize the opportunity to gather a more complete picture of household energy use, including fuels and technologies employed for heating and lighting, which can also have a significant effect on air pollution within the household. Steps have already been taken to enable stakeholders to better monitor household energy use and its effects through the use of a set of harmonized questions for national household surveys and censuses. More information on such initiatives by WHO and the World Bank can be found in chapter 2.

RENEWABLE ENERGY

Progress on renewable energy is tracked as the share of renewables in total final energy consumption,49 which depends on the availability of comprehensive data across all energy sources, renewable and non renewable alike, and across the sectors of supply, transformation, and final consumption. In terms of data, computation of this indicator relies on the availability of a full energy balance, as well as some assumptions regarding electricity and heat.

Two specific challenges in tracking the penetration of renewables are the need to better monitor the rapid expansion of geographically distributed resources (solar photovoltaic, wind, and other resources powering mini-, micro-, and off-grid systems) and to enhance countries’ capacity to measure traditional household uses of biomass (solid biofuels), which remains the largest segment of renewable energy in the developing world.

Arriving at better estimates of the latter will require dedicated efforts—either enhancing existing surveys with an energy module or establishing new energy surveys. Survey-based results are very valuable; often they trigger significant revisions of previous estimates—and might well do so in the case of tracking progress toward SDG target 7.2.

A broader question about biomass is the extent to which its use should be considered sustainable. Although forests are technically “renewable,” traditional harvesting practices often cause deforestation.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

For purposes of SDG 7, energy efficiency is tracked as energy intensity, the ratio of total energy supply to economic output. Determining the total energy supply requires robust information on production of and trade in all types of energy. The supply information may be collected from administrative sources or by surveying the key energy suppliers. Reasonably good information on supplies of most energy sources is available in most countries, with the notable exception of supplies of solid biofuels in several countries. Thus, where solid biofuels are a significant part of the overall energy mix, estimates of total energy supply may be less certain.

To assess progress in energy efficiency, overall energy intensity should be complemented by analysis of energy demand drivers across the principal end-use sectors, such as industry, transport, and buildings. Given the diversity of end uses, demand-side data collection is inherently more complex, time consuming, and costly than on the supply side. Direct consumer surveys may be necessary, especially when energy suppliers cannot provide detailed data on how much energy is being delivered to the various types of energy users.

To analyze sectoral progress in energy efficiency, countries are encouraged to monitor intensities at the end-use level, at least for priority sectors. Examples of energy efficiency indicators include, for transport, energy per passenger-kilometer (or tonne-kilometer for freight), by vehicle type; for buildings, energy for space heating and cooling as a function of area; and for industry, energy by quantity of physical production of a given good. IEA’s 2014 statistics report, “Energy Efficiency Indicators: Fundamentals on Statistics” (https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-efficiency-indicators-fundamentals-on-statistics), includes a methodological framework for energy efficiency indicators, as well as country experiences.

49 The methodology used to derive total final energy consumption is part of IRES (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires/).

148 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Developing such indicators requires not only finer disaggregation of data but also greater coordination across entities responsible for matters beyond the energy sector, such as building registers, vehicle registrations, and so on. Despite the challenges, many countries have started to collect end-use data and compile energy efficiency indicators to better support their policy and planning.50

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL FLOWS TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN SUPPORT OF CLEAN AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

Data on flows of development finance are susceptible to changes and adjustments that call for careful attention to detail, standardization of cycles of data collection and management, and continuous revision of commitment values.

Based on the nature of SDG indicator 7.A.1, four areas of improvement in the tracking of international investment flows are suggested: (i) improving investment tracking; (ii) standardizing commitment details; (iii) centralizing data collection efforts; and (iv) presenting constant flows.

Improving investment tracking. It is important to know how aid recipients spend the funds they receive. The practices presently in use are not sufficient to track public aid from origin to end. Such tracking requires a system of identification numbers to trace commitments from public investors through to their end uses in organizations and projects. Recipients may include financial instruments (such as energy bonds and funds), multilateral organizations, or projects involving one or more energy technologies. Donors often have trouble specifying how their commitments should be spread across various energy technologies. International flows may go through additional stages of investment after the initial commitment, passing through local governments, ventures, or funds. Successive revisions of historic investment flows may include several years’ of investments, since individual commitments may be announced (and counted) before they materialize. Some of these commitments may be cancelled or changed, altering the values of existing data.

Standardizing commitment details. To increase the accuracy of tracking SDG indicator 7.A.1 it would be desirable to standardize commitment details by sharing best practices among public investors, refining reporting directives, and encouraging public investors to provide energy details that meet international standards. Data collection related to investments tends to follow the norms and practices of the financial world and often is short on energy-related details. Thus, committed flows are often linked to projects that involve multiple renewable energy technologies or that mix energy efficiency and other end uses, compromising their comparability with other data being considered. Information may be lost owing to nonstandard reporting of public flows across investors. For these reasons, only a limited amount of commitment information may match across investors.

Centralizing data collection. Data collection can be centralized by encouraging preformatted questionnaires and online data entry to increase comparability across public investors. The OECD’s Creditor Reporting System database is exemplary in this regard. However, collection of most data on international public investments in clean energy and renewables remains decentralized, reducing the consistency of commitment data.

Presenting constant flows. International commitments must be corrected for currency exchange rates and inflation if they are to be comparable across countries and over time. SDG indicator 7.A.1 uses the OECD methodology to deflate international flows by first adjusting for inflation from the year the flows occurred to a baseline year (2017), and then converting local currency values to U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in the baseline year (2017).

50 Examples include IEA’s energy efficiency indicators: https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-efficiency-indicators-2019; and the Odyssée database for Europe: https://www.indicators.odyssee-mure.eu/energy-efficiency-database.html.

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 149

CONCLUSION

51 For example, clean cooking and space heating are significantly linked for rural households in colder climates. More broadly, all end uses of energy within a household (lighting, appliances, cooking, heating, cooling) can be addressed in a single survey.

The work performed for this report has highlighted the need for good quality data to inform policy at the national, regional, and international levels, as well as opportunities to further develop national statistical capacity and to enhance data quality through national and international cooperation.

At the national level, cooperation between national statistical offices and institutions in various policy domains will be key to optimizing the use of data-collection resources. For example, household surveys could and should be designed to support tracking of several SDG 7 targets at once, such as clean cooking and energy efficiency, as well as of targets beyond SDG 7, such as those on quality of life, air pollution, and health.51

International cooperation strengthens the world’s ability to track SDG 7 by raising awareness of the importance of good quality data to inform policy; by proposing standardized methodologies for indicators as well as common frameworks for data-collection surveys; by compiling international databases; and by supporting the development of statistical capacity in countries and regions. Tracking SDG 7 has given the custodian agencies an opportunity to further improve their collaboration on data, both with countries and between one another.

The custodian agencies would like to acknowledge the work and dedication of all their colleagues working to collect energy data across national administrations worldwide. It is they who make possible the international tracking work reflected in this report.

150 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

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CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 151

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98

100

100

Ant

igua

and

Bar

buda

96

979

810

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Arg

enti

na9

29

69

9e

100

100

m10

0m

100

m

Arm

enia

98

99

d10

0d

100

d10

010

010

0

Aru

ba10

0m

92

e9

3e

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Aus

tral

ia10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Aus

tria

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Aze

rbai

jan

96

99

c10

010

010

010

010

0

Bah

amas

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Bah

rain

100

100

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Ban

glad

esh

732

d55

g73

85

9778

Bar

bado

s10

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Bel

arus

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Bel

gium

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Bel

ize

68

79e

90

e9

2c

100

98

100

Ben

in10

2134

g38

42

6718

Ber

mud

a10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Bhu

tan

31g

73c

95

100

100

100

Bol

ivia

(P

luri

nati

onal

S

tate

of)

5770

h8

89

2h

96

100

86

Bos

nia

and

Her

zego

vina

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0g

100

m10

0m

100

m

Bot

swan

a6

2753

586

58

128

Bra

zil

87h

94

99

100

h10

010

010

0

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Bri

tish

Vir

gin

Isla

nds

92

95

99

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Bru

nei D

arus

sala

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Bul

gari

a10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Bur

kina

Fas

o4

913

d16

14d

62

d3

d

Bur

undi

35

d9

116

23

Cab

o Ve

rde

3757

81

e87

94

92

97

Cam

bodi

a17

d31

d6

99

210

08

9

Cam

eroo

n30

41

c53

596

39

323

Can

ada

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Cay

man

Isla

nds

100

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Cen

tral

Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

6c

10c

2432

5516

Cha

d3

6c

8d

124

23

Cha

nnel

Isla

nds

Chi

le9

2h

98

h9

910

0h

100

m10

0m

100

m

Chi

na9

497

100

k10

010

010

010

0

Chi

na, H

ong

Kon

g S

peci

al

Adm

inis

trat

ive

Reg

ion

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Chi

na, M

acao

Spe

cial

A

dmin

istr

ativ

e R

egio

n10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Col

ombi

a9

0d

95

d97

h9

8h

100

100

100

Com

oros

164

070

748

29

477

Con

go21

42

60

c6

99

220

Coo

k Is

land

s9

597

99

100

100

100

Cos

ta R

ica

98

99

99

h9

9h

100

100

100

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re38

48

586

3g

6710

033

Cro

atia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Cub

a9

397

k9

89

910

010

010

0

Cur

açao

100

100

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Cyp

rus

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Cze

chia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

152 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Dem

ocra

tic

Peop

le’s

R

epub

lic o

f K

orea

729

41

49

564

0

Dem

ocra

tic

Rep

ublic

of

the

Con

go7

c13

1619

51

Den

mar

k10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Djib

outi

5656

5658

60

7124

Dom

inic

a67

81

94

100

100

100

100

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic8

08

9h

98

h9

9h

100

100

100

Ecua

dor

90

94

97h

99

h10

010

010

0

Egyp

t9

59

8d

99

99

g10

010

010

0

El S

alva

dor

738

5h

92

h9

5h

100

99

100

Equa

tori

al G

uine

a6

46

56

66

667

90

7

Erit

rea

1829

40

46

5077

35

Esto

nia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Esw

atin

i20

46

c6

677

9770

Ethi

opia

13d

3329

d4

59

233

Faro

e Is

land

s10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Fiji

63

768

99

510

010

09

9

Finl

and

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Fran

ce10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Fren

ch P

olyn

esia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Gab

on6

674

d9

29

09

397

63

Gam

bia

1234

c47

546

0c

76c

35

Geo

rgia

979

99

910

010

010

010

0

Ger

man

y10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Gha

na24

44

e6

4e

768

29

467

Gib

ralt

ar10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Gre

ece

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Gre

enla

nd10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Gre

nada

82

86

90

92

95

100

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 153

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Gua

m10

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Gua

tem

ala

60

73h

84

91

95

96

94

Gui

nea

316

2734

44

d87

d20

Gui

nea-

Bis

sau

6g

2029

5310

Guy

ana

68

758

28

89

297

90

Hai

ti26

34d

374

14

579

4

Hon

dura

s55

678

1h

90

h9

210

08

1

Hun

gary

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Icel

and

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Indi

a4

259

76g

88

d9

510

09

3

Indo

nesi

a6

38

6g

94

g9

8g

99

g10

0g

97g

Iran

(Is

lam

ic R

epub

lic o

f)9

69

8d

99

100

100

100

100

Iraq

95

979

89

910

0c

100

c10

0c

Irel

and

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Isle

of

Man

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Isra

el10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Ital

y10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Jam

aica

70h

84

92

g9

5g

99

100

98

Japa

n10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Jord

an97

d9

99

910

010

0g

100

99

Kaz

akhs

tan

98

99

100

100

c10

010

010

0

Ken

ya15

19d

42

d75

l8

472

Kir

ibat

i26

516

3e

91

e10

0k

94

k10

0k

Kos

ovo

100

m10

0m

99

100

m10

0m

100

mm

Kuw

ait

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Kyr

gyzs

tan

100

100

99

i10

010

0c

100

c10

0c

Lao

Peop

le’s

Dem

ocra

tic

Rep

ublic

154

371

90

e9

89

997

Latv

ia10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Leba

non

98

99

100

100

100

100

100

154 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Leso

tho

4c

1732

g47

c71

c38

Libe

ria

516

264

47

Liby

a10

010

0k

81

7367

k10

0

Liec

hten

stei

n10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Lith

uani

a10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Luxe

mbo

urg

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Mad

agas

car

914

k18

2026

70

Mal

awi

5d

9d

11d

18g

5510

Mal

aysi

a9

497

99

100

100

100

100

Mal

dive

s77

84

e9

910

010

010

010

0

Mal

i9

2838

d51

d8

6d

25

Mal

ta10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Mar

shal

l Isl

ands

536

98

99

39

69

69

8

Mau

rita

nia

519

k34

40

c4

58

21

Mau

riti

us10

09

9e

100

9797

88

100

Mex

ico

95

98

h9

9d

99

d10

010

010

0

Mic

rone

sia

(Fed

erat

ed

Sta

tes

of)

284

6e

65

e76

82

94

79

Mon

aco

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Mon

golia

60

67e

79c

88

98

c10

0c

95

Mon

tene

gro

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

c10

0c

100

c

Mor

occo

49

709

210

010

010

010

0

Moz

ambi

que

618

24d

31d

72d

8

Mya

nmar

304

24

9g

61

g6

69

255

Nam

ibia

2537

d4

452

5472

36

Nau

ru10

010

09

99

9g

100

100

Nep

al28

69

g8

59

4l

96

l9

3

Net

herl

ands

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

New

Cal

edon

ia10

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

New

Zea

land

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Nic

arag

ua6

673

k79

84

88

100

71

Nig

er2

6c

1317

g18

l4

8l

12

Nig

eria

27d

43

48

d53

d57

d8

2d

31

Niu

e9

39

69

910

010

010

0

Nor

th M

aced

onia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Nor

ther

n M

aria

na Is

land

s10

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Nor

way

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Om

an10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Pak

ista

n70

7070

7171

100

54

Pal

au97

98

98

99

100

m10

0m

100

m

Pan

ama

70e

81

e87

e9

510

0m

100

m10

0m

Pap

ua N

ew G

uine

a9

20g

44

598

255

Par

agua

y8

18

997

h9

9h

100

100

100

Peru

61

72h

88

h9

4h

95

g9

9g

82

g

Phi

lippi

nes

64

758

58

9f

95

98

93

Pola

nd10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Port

ugal

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Pue

rto

Ric

o10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Qat

ar10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Rep

ublic

of

Kor

ea10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Rep

ublic

of

Mol

dova

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Rom

ania

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Rus

sian

Fed

erat

ion

100

m10

0m

100

m9

6m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Rw

anda

6d

10d

23d

358

923

Sai

nt K

itts

and

Nev

is9

19

5d

100

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sai

nt L

ucia

84

89

94

e97

100

98

100

Sai

nt M

arti

n (F

renc

h P

art)

476

8e

64

100

100

m10

0m

100

m

Sai

nt V

ince

nt a

nd t

he

Gre

nadi

nes

66

80

93

100

100

98

100

Sam

oa79

88

9710

010

010

010

0

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 155

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Nic

arag

ua6

673

k79

84

88

100

71

Nig

er2

6c

1317

g18

l4

8l

12

Nig

eria

27d

43

48

d53

d57

d8

2d

31

Niu

e9

39

69

910

010

010

0

Nor

th M

aced

onia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Nor

ther

n M

aria

na Is

land

s10

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Nor

way

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Om

an10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Pak

ista

n70

7070

7171

100

54

Pal

au97

98

98

99

100

m10

0m

100

m

Pan

ama

70e

81

e87

e9

510

0m

100

m10

0m

Pap

ua N

ew G

uine

a9

20g

44

598

255

Par

agua

y8

18

997

h9

9h

100

100

100

Peru

61

72h

88

h9

4h

95

g9

9g

82

g

Phi

lippi

nes

64

758

58

9f

95

98

93

Pola

nd10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Port

ugal

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Pue

rto

Ric

o10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Qat

ar10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Rep

ublic

of

Kor

ea10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Rep

ublic

of

Mol

dova

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Rom

ania

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Rus

sian

Fed

erat

ion

100

m10

0m

100

m9

6m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Rw

anda

6d

10d

23d

358

923

Sai

nt K

itts

and

Nev

is9

19

5d

100

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sai

nt L

ucia

84

89

94

e97

100

98

100

Sai

nt M

arti

n (F

renc

h P

art)

476

8e

64

100

100

m10

0m

100

m

Sai

nt V

ince

nt a

nd t

he

Gre

nadi

nes

66

80

93

100

100

98

100

Sam

oa79

88

9710

010

010

010

0

156 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

San

Mar

ino

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Sao

Tom

e an

d P

rinc

ipe

41

53c

60

66

71l

77l

56

Sau

di A

rabi

a10

010

010

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sen

egal

2138

c57

g6

1d

679

24

4

Ser

bia

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0k

100

m10

0m

100

m

Sey

chel

les

90

94

97e

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sie

rra

Leon

e8

11c

2026

g53

g6

Sin

gapo

re10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sin

t M

aart

en (

Dut

ch p

art)

100

100

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Slo

vaki

a10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Slo

veni

a10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sol

omon

Isla

nds

534

55d

6777

64

Som

alia

521

3035

60

15

Sou

th A

fric

a6

172

83

g8

6g

91

92

90

Sou

th S

udan

2e

1828

4724

Spa

in10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Sri

Lan

ka53

69

85

g9

410

010

09

9

Sta

te o

f P

ales

tine

98

100

g10

0g

100

g10

010

010

0

Sud

an33

d23

c4

14

96

08

447

Sur

inam

e9

69

69

1c

95

97c

99

c9

4

Sw

eden

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Sw

itze

rlan

d10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Syr

ian

Ara

b R

epub

lic9

69

39

3g

90

86

k10

06

9

Tajik

ista

n9

89

8c

98

98

g9

9d

99

d9

9d

Tha

iland

80

82

d10

0f

100

c10

010

010

0

Tim

or-L

este

1838

d67

e8

610

079

Togo

17c

31c

45

519

222

Tong

a78

85

92

96

99

99

99

Trin

idad

and

Tob

ago

93

91

e10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Tuni

sia

89

95

g10

0j

100

g10

0c

100

c10

0c

Turk

ey9

397

100

i10

010

010

010

0

Turk

men

ista

n9

910

0d

100

i10

0c

100

100

100

Turk

s an

d C

aico

s Is

land

s8

9e

96

e10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Tuva

lu9

19

497

99

100

100

100

Uga

nda

812

g19

d4

3l

58l

38

Ukr

aine

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uni

ted

Ara

b Em

irat

es10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

of

Gre

at

Bri

tain

and

Nor

ther

n Ir

elan

d10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Uni

ted

Rep

ublic

of T

anza

nia

210

15d

2736

68

19

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

of A

mer

ica

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Vir

gin

Isla

nds

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uru

guay

979

89

910

0h

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uzb

ekis

tan

99

100

100

100

100

100

100

Vanu

atu

422

44

g52

62

94

51

Vene

zuel

a (B

oliv

aria

n R

epub

lic o

f)9

89

9h

99

100

100

100

100

Vie

t N

am78

879

810

010

010

010

0

Yem

en37

5074

716

2k

85

k4

9

Zam

bia

14e

17e

22e

31g

40

7711

Zim

babw

e30

344

034

d4

18

520

Wor

ld72

788

387

90

978

0

Nor

ther

n A

mer

ica

and

Euro

pe10

010

010

09

910

010

010

0

Lati

n A

mer

ica

and

the

Car

ibbe

an

86

92

96

979

810

09

3

Cen

tral

Asi

a an

d S

outh

ern

Asi

a4

56

075

86

92

100

88

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 157

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

Tuni

sia

89

95

g10

0j

100

g10

0c

100

c10

0c

Turk

ey9

397

100

i10

010

010

010

0

Turk

men

ista

n9

910

0d

100

i10

0c

100

100

100

Turk

s an

d C

aico

s Is

land

s8

9e

96

e10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Tuva

lu9

19

497

99

100

100

100

Uga

nda

812

g19

d4

3l

58l

38

Ukr

aine

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uni

ted

Ara

b Em

irat

es10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

of

Gre

at

Bri

tain

and

Nor

ther

n Ir

elan

d10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

Uni

ted

Rep

ublic

of T

anza

nia

210

15d

2736

68

19

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

of A

mer

ica

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Vir

gin

Isla

nds

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uru

guay

979

89

910

0h

100

m10

0m

100

m

Uzb

ekis

tan

99

100

100

100

100

100

100

Vanu

atu

422

44

g52

62

94

51

Vene

zuel

a (B

oliv

aria

n R

epub

lic o

f)9

89

9h

99

100

100

100

100

Vie

t N

am78

879

810

010

010

010

0

Yem

en37

5074

716

2k

85

k4

9

Zam

bia

14e

17e

22e

31g

40

7711

Zim

babw

e30

344

034

d4

18

520

Wor

ld72

788

387

90

978

0

Nor

ther

n A

mer

ica

and

Euro

pe10

010

010

09

910

010

010

0

Lati

n A

mer

ica

and

the

Car

ibbe

an

86

92

96

979

810

09

3

Cen

tral

Asi

a an

d S

outh

ern

Asi

a4

56

075

86

92

100

88

158 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

Tota

l ele

ctri

city

acc

ess

rate

(%

)U

rban

el

ectr

icit

y ac

cess

rat

e (%

)

Rur

al e

lect

rici

ty

acce

ss r

ate

(%)

b

199

020

00

2010

2015

2018

2018

2018

East

ern

Asi

a an

d S

outh

-ea

ster

n A

sia

86

91

96

979

89

997

Wes

tern

Asi

a an

d N

orth

ern

Afr

ica

85

879

29

39

49

98

6

Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica

1725

3439

4778

27

Oce

ania

80

80

82

879

19

973

Not

e: U

nles

s ot

herw

ise

note

d, d

ata

are

Wor

ld B

ank

esti

mat

es b

ased

on

the

stat

isti

cal m

odel

des

crib

ed in

cha

pter

1.

a. M

ost

surv

eys

repo

rt d

ata

on t

he p

erce

ntag

e of

hou

seho

lds

wit

h ac

cess

to e

lect

rici

ty r

athe

r th

an o

n th

e pe

rcen

tage

of t

he p

opul

atio

n w

ith

acce

ss.

b. R

ural

dat

a ar

e ca

lcul

ated

bas

ed o

n th

e ur

ban

and

tota

l pop

ulat

ion

wit

h ac

cess

and

are

not

bas

ed o

n a

stat

isti

cal m

odel

.

c. B

ased

on

Mul

ti-I

ndic

ator

Clu

ster

Sur

vey

(MIC

S)

d. B

ased

on

Dem

ogra

phic

and

Hea

lth

Sur

vey

(DH

S)

e. B

ased

on

Cen

sus

f. B

ased

on

Livi

ng S

tand

ards

Mea

sure

men

t S

urve

y (L

SM

S)

g. B

ased

on

othe

r N

atio

nal S

urve

ys c

ondu

cted

by

nati

onal

sta

tist

ical

age

ncie

s

h. B

ased

on

Soc

io-E

cono

mic

Dat

abas

e fo

r La

tin

Am

eric

a an

d th

e C

arib

bean

(S

ED

LAC

)

i. B

ased

on

Eur

ope

and

Cen

tral

Asi

a Po

vert

y D

atab

ase

(EC

AP

OV

)

j. B

ased

on

Mid

dle

Eas

t an

d N

orth

Afr

ica

Pove

rty

Dat

abas

e (M

NA

PO

V)

k. B

ased

on

othe

r offi

cia

l sou

rces

l. B

ased

on

Mul

ti-T

ier

Fram

ewor

k (M

TF)

m. D

ata

from

ass

umpt

ion:

Cou

ntri

es c

onsi

dere

d “d

evel

oped

” by

the

UN

are

ass

umed

to h

ave

an e

lect

rifi c

atio

n ra

te o

f 10

0%

. Cou

ntri

es t

hat

are

clas

sifi e

d as

Hig

h In

com

e C

ount

ries

(H

IC)

are

also

ass

umed

to

hav

e an

ele

ctri

fi cat

ion

rate

of 1

00

% fr

om t

he t

ime

the

coun

try

fi rst

bec

ame

a H

IC, u

nles

s su

rvey

dat

a w

as c

olle

cted

.

Sou

rce:

Wor

ld B

ank

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Afg

hani

stan

114

8<

520

726

298

214

378

621

Alb

ania

3967

1767

86

46

769

058

80

92

62

Alg

eria

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Am

eric

an S

amoa

And

orra

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Ang

ola

44

84

847

81

74

877

74

875

8

Ang

uilla

Ant

igua

and

Bar

buda

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Arg

enti

na9

5>

95

68

>9

5>

95

88

>9

5>

95

93

>9

5>

95

94

Arm

enia

79>

95

53>

95

>9

59

2>

95

>9

59

5>

95

>9

59

5

Aru

ba

Aus

tral

ia>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Aus

tria

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Aze

rbai

jan

70>

95

44

93

>9

587

>9

5>

95

92

>9

5>

95

94

Bah

amas

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Bah

rain

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Ban

glad

esh

835

<5

124

1<

518

526

246

09

Bar

bado

s>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Bel

arus

95

>9

58

8>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Bel

gium

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Bel

ize

80

94

678

3>

95

738

3>

95

748

39

574

Ben

in<

5<

5<

55

9<

55

9<

55

8<

5

Ber

mud

a

Bhu

tan

288

910

64

>9

547

74>

95

60

77>

95

64

Bol

ivia

(P

luri

nati

onal

S

tate

of)

63

92

1877

>9

54

18

2>

95

518

4>

95

53

Bos

nia

and

Her

zego

vina

528

130

44

69

224

56

519

45

64

19

SDG

7.1

.2 –

ACC

ESS

TO C

LEA

N F

UEL

S A

ND

TEC

HN

OLO

GIE

S FO

R C

OO

KIN

GD

ata

prov

ided

by

WH

O

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 159

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Afg

hani

stan

114

8<

520

726

298

214

378

621

Alb

ania

3967

1767

86

46

769

058

80

92

62

Alg

eria

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Am

eric

an S

amoa

And

orra

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Ang

ola

44

84

847

81

74

877

74

875

8

Ang

uilla

Ant

igua

and

Bar

buda

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Arg

enti

na9

5>

95

68

>9

5>

95

88

>9

5>

95

93

>9

5>

95

94

Arm

enia

79>

95

53>

95

>9

59

2>

95

>9

59

5>

95

>9

59

5

Aru

ba

Aus

tral

ia>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Aus

tria

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Aze

rbai

jan

70>

95

44

93

>9

587

>9

5>

95

92

>9

5>

95

94

Bah

amas

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Bah

rain

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Ban

glad

esh

835

<5

124

1<

518

526

246

09

Bar

bado

s>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Bel

arus

95

>9

58

8>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Bel

gium

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Bel

ize

80

94

678

3>

95

738

3>

95

748

39

574

Ben

in<

5<

5<

55

9<

55

9<

55

8<

5

Ber

mud

a

Bhu

tan

288

910

64

>9

547

74>

95

60

77>

95

64

Bol

ivia

(P

luri

nati

onal

S

tate

of)

63

92

1877

>9

54

18

2>

95

518

4>

95

53

Bos

nia

and

Her

zego

vina

528

130

44

69

224

56

519

45

64

19

SDG

7.1

.2 –

ACC

ESS

TO C

LEA

N F

UEL

S A

ND

TEC

HN

OLO

GIE

S FO

R C

OO

KIN

GD

ata

prov

ided

by

WH

O

160 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Bot

swan

a4

571

2056

7829

5575

2653

7224

Bra

zil

88

>9

551

94

>9

56

9>

95

>9

577

>9

5>

95

80

Bri

tish

Vir

gin

Isla

nds

Bru

nei D

arus

sala

m>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Bul

gari

a

Bur

kina

Fas

o<

512

<5

621

<5

828

<5

1032

<5

Bur

undi

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

Cab

o Ve

rde

63

90

3170

91

3375

93

3978

94

42

Cam

bodi

a<

515

<5

124

6<

517

597

226

510

Cam

eroo

n10

20<

520

37<

523

42

<5

244

3<

5

Can

ada

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Cay

man

Isla

nds

Cen

tral

Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

Cha

d<

57

<5

<5

9<

5<

512

<5

<5

13<

5

Cha

nnel

Isla

nds

Chi

le>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Chi

na4

36

924

5377

276

08

133

64

82

36

Chi

na, H

ong

Kon

g S

peci

al A

dmin

istr

ativ

e R

egio

n

Chi

na, M

acao

Spe

cial

A

dmin

istr

ativ

e R

egio

n

Col

ombi

a78

93

348

5>

95

40

90

>9

556

93

>9

56

9

Com

oros

<5

<5

<5

<5

7<

56

14<

58

17<

5

Con

go9

15<

517

26<

526

38<

532

46

<5

Coo

k Is

land

s8

1>

95

43

80

>9

533

78>

95

2677

>9

523

Cos

ta R

ica

89

>9

578

92

>9

58

09

4>

95

84

95

>9

587

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re18

38<

517

36<

523

47<

529

57<

5

Cro

atia

85

93

768

88

98

887

86

92

86

85

93

Cub

a

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Cur

açao

Cyp

rus

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Cze

chia

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Dem

ocra

tic

Peop

le’s

R

epub

lic o

f K

orea

<5

<5

<5

69

<5

913

<5

1016

<5

Dem

ocra

tic

Rep

ublic

of

the

Con

go5

11<

5<

510

<5

<5

9<

5<

58

<5

Den

mar

k>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Djib

outi

55

<5

67

<5

67

<5

68

<5

Dom

inic

a77

>9

528

82

>9

538

82

>9

538

82

>9

536

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic8

49

567

879

56

98

89

46

98

99

470

Ecua

dor

88

>9

570

94

>9

58

39

4>

95

85

94

>9

58

5

Egyp

t8

4>

95

75>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

El S

alva

dor

568

124

779

250

86

94

709

19

58

1

Equa

tori

al G

uine

a19

315

2334

524

345

2433

<5

Erit

rea

<5

11<

58

21<

59

21<

59

20<

5

Esto

nia

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Esw

atin

i24

60

1039

7924

48

86

3254

88

39

Ethi

opia

<5

<5

<5

<5

9<

5<

517

<5

524

<5

Faro

e Is

land

s

Fiji

3051

1230

4711

294

59

284

48

Finl

and

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Fran

ce>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Fren

ch P

olyn

esia

Gab

on6

58

015

81

90

298

69

338

879

44

2

Gam

bia

<5

6<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5

Geo

rgia

49

86

116

59

334

759

453

81

94

63

Ger

man

y>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Gha

na6

14<

516

29<

523

387

284

39

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 161

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Cur

açao

Cyp

rus

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Cze

chia

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Dem

ocra

tic

Peop

le’s

R

epub

lic o

f K

orea

<5

<5

<5

69

<5

913

<5

1016

<5

Dem

ocra

tic

Rep

ublic

of

the

Con

go5

11<

5<

510

<5

<5

9<

5<

58

<5

Den

mar

k>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Djib

outi

55

<5

67

<5

67

<5

68

<5

Dom

inic

a77

>9

528

82

>9

538

82

>9

538

82

>9

536

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic8

49

567

879

56

98

89

46

98

99

470

Ecua

dor

88

>9

570

94

>9

58

39

4>

95

85

94

>9

58

5

Egyp

t8

4>

95

75>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

El S

alva

dor

568

124

779

250

86

94

709

19

58

1

Equa

tori

al G

uine

a19

315

2334

524

345

2433

<5

Erit

rea

<5

11<

58

21<

59

21<

59

20<

5

Esto

nia

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Esw

atin

i24

60

1039

7924

48

86

3254

88

39

Ethi

opia

<5

<5

<5

<5

9<

5<

517

<5

524

<5

Faro

e Is

land

s

Fiji

3051

1230

4711

294

59

284

48

Finl

and

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Fran

ce>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Fren

ch P

olyn

esia

Gab

on6

58

015

81

90

298

69

338

879

44

2

Gam

bia

<5

6<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5

Geo

rgia

49

86

116

59

334

759

453

81

94

63

Ger

man

y>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Gha

na6

14<

516

29<

523

387

284

39

162 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

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te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

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ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Gib

ralt

ar

Gre

ece

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Gre

enla

nd

Gre

nada

92

94

91

93

92

94

91

90

94

89

88

94

Gua

m

Gua

tem

ala

41

69

184

26

813

45

69

144

670

14

Gui

nea

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

<5

Gui

nea-

Bis

sau

<5

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5<

5

Guy

ana

3656

276

175

5571

81

68

768

373

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ti<

55

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5<

57

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5

Hon

dura

s30

567

44

7118

5174

3157

764

1

Hun

gary

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Icel

and

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Indi

a23

507

356

914

43

7721

49

81

28

Indo

nesi

a6

12<

54

16

223

678

551

80

91

68

Iran

(Is

lam

ic R

epub

lic

of)

94

>9

59

0>

95

>9

59

3>

95

>9

59

4>

95

>9

59

4

Iraq

788

957

>9

5>

95

91

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Irel

and

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

Isle

of

Man

Isra

el>

95

>9

5>

95

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5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Ital

y>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Jam

aica

76>

95

548

6>

95

758

59

378

84

91

78

Japa

n>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Jord

an>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5

Kaz

akhs

tan

84

>9

56

89

3>

95

86

>9

5>

95

92

>9

5>

95

95

Ken

ya<

5<

5<

57

20<

59

23<

510

24<

5

Kir

ibat

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56

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6<

5<

56

<5

<5

6<

5

Kos

ovo

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 163

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

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te (

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co

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Kuw

ait

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5>

95

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5>

95

>9

5>

95

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5>

95

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5>

95

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95

Kyr

gyzs

tan

538

633

729

36

076

95

65

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1747

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93

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90

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shal

l Isl

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63

83

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86

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3053

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36

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us9

4>

95

91

>9

5>

95

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95

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5>

95

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95

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5

Mex

ico

83

>9

54

58

59

552

85

93

538

49

254

Mic

rone

sia

(Fed

erat

ed

Sta

tes

of)

3010

3410

235

926

<5

827

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Mon

aco

>9

5>

95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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95

Mon

golia

234

1<

535

507

44

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1150

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13

Mon

tene

gro

678

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69

3756

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occo

91

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58

1>

95

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59

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95

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5

Moz

ambi

que

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59

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<5

11<

5<

512

<5

164 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

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n co

okin

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cess

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co

okin

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Tota

l cle

an

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ss

rate

(%

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n co

okin

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al c

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co

okin

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Tota

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an

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ss

rate

(%

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n co

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co

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510

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520

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ibia

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90

91

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al7

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521

66

1127

65

1529

60

18

Net

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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Cal

edon

ia

New

Zea

land

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95

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5>

95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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ua34

557

44

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729

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29

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6>

95

86

84

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58

4

Nor

th M

aced

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586

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56

587

396

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65

93

29

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ther

n M

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Isla

nds

Nor

way

>9

5>

95

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5>

95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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66

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83

114

08

616

44

8720

Pal

au>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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95

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95

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5

Pan

ama

80

>9

554

86

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567

88

>9

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98

8>

95

69

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1658

7729

65

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43

61

56

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413

749

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93

36

Phi

lippi

nes

3857

194

06

020

43

63

234

667

27

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nd>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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5

Port

ugal

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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o

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95

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95

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Rep

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of

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95

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5>

95

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5>

95

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95

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5>

95

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95

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5

Rep

ublic

of

Mol

dova

64

>9

54

09

1>

95

86

95

>9

59

2>

95

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59

4

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

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n co

okin

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cess

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al c

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co

okin

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Rom

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77>

95

558

8>

95

788

0>

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61

75>

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50

Rus

sian

Fed

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ion

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

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95

94

95

95

90

92

93

Rw

anda

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nt K

itts

and

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95

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95

>9

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95

>9

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95

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5>

95

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5>

95

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5

Sai

nt L

ucia

86

789

1>

95

95

>9

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95

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95

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95

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5

Sai

nt V

ince

nt a

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he

Gre

nadi

nes

95

>9

5>

95

95

>9

5>

95

95

>9

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95

95

>9

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95

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oa21

46

1226

5718

316

224

356

527

San

Mar

ino

>9

5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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Tom

e an

d P

rinc

ipe

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Sau

di A

rabi

a>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

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95

>9

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95

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95

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5>

95

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5

Sen

egal

3570

735

65

727

49

523

41

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bia

63

85

3967

85

44

678

54

46

68

44

3

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chel

les

>9

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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t M

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)

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95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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Sol

omon

Isla

nds

94

0<

58

38<

58

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59

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alia

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th A

fric

a55

7629

778

956

83

93

61

85

94

63

Sou

th S

udan

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Spa

in>

95

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5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

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95

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5

Sri

Lan

ka21

5814

2055

1326

63

1831

69

23

Sta

te o

f P

ales

tine

Sud

an12

208

3251

224

46

235

506

64

3

Sur

inam

e78

89

5987

94

769

2>

95

84

94

>9

58

9

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 165

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

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n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

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cess

ra

te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

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ing

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ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

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n co

okin

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cess

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%)

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al c

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co

okin

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Tota

l cle

an

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ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

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n co

okin

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%)

Rur

al c

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co

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Tota

l cle

an

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ss

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(%

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n co

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ania

77>

95

558

8>

95

788

0>

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61

75>

95

50

Rus

sian

Fed

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ion

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5>

95

>9

5>

95

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5>

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94

95

95

90

92

93

Rw

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Sai

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95

>9

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95

>9

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95

>9

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95

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95

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95

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5

Sai

nt L

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86

789

1>

95

95

>9

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95

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95

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95

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5

Sai

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nadi

nes

95

>9

5>

95

95

>9

5>

95

95

>9

5>

95

95

>9

5>

95

Sam

oa21

46

1226

5718

316

224

356

527

San

Mar

ino

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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95

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5>

95

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95

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5>

95

Sao

Tom

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d P

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Sau

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95

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5>

95

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95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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5

Sen

egal

3570

735

65

727

49

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41

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Ser

bia

63

85

3967

85

44

678

54

46

68

44

3

Sey

chel

les

>9

5>

95

>9

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95

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5>

95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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rra

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Sin

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95

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95

>9

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95

>9

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95

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95

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95

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5

Sin

t M

aart

en (

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ch

part

)

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vaki

a>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

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95

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5

Slo

veni

a>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

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95

>9

5>

95

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95

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5

Sol

omon

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nds

94

0<

58

38<

58

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59

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5

Som

alia

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Sou

th A

fric

a55

7629

778

956

83

93

61

85

94

63

Sou

th S

udan

<5

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<5

<5

<5

Spa

in>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

>9

5>

95

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5

Sri

Lan

ka21

5814

2055

1326

63

1831

69

23

Sta

te o

f P

ales

tine

Sud

an12

208

3251

224

46

235

506

64

3

Sur

inam

e78

89

5987

94

769

2>

95

84

94

>9

58

9

166 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

200

020

1020

1520

18

Tota

l cle

an

cook

ing

acce

ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

clea

n co

okin

g ac

cess

ra

te (

%)

Rur

al c

lean

co

okin

g ac

cess

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te (

%)

Tota

l cle

an

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ing

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ss

rate

(%

)

Urb

an

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n co

okin

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%)

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al c

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Tota

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an

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rate

(%

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n co

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Tota

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n co

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Sw

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5>

95

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5>

95

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95

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95

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95

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95

Sw

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d>

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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5

Syr

ian

Ara

b R

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lic>

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95

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95

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95

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95

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95

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5

Tajik

ista

n39

85

246

99

56

077

>9

570

81

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HO

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20

20.

Sou

rce:

Wor

ld H

ealt

h O

rgan

izat

ion

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 167

Cou

ntry

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abas

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, Jan

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20

20.

Sou

rce:

Wor

ld H

ealt

h O

rgan

izat

ion

168 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

SDG

7.2

– R

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E EN

ERGY

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a pr

ovid

ed b

y th

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A a

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2010

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029

9.4

b

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 169

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

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ptio

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nal c

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ion

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able

ene

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nsum

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J)

Renewable energy

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Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Bon

aire

, Sin

t Eu

stat

ius

and

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2b

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.928

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23.6

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Bra

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84

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gin

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Chi

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ong

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peci

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ion

0.6

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40

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Chi

na, M

acao

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75.4

64.

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61.

60

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20

00

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418

3.9

029

9.4

b

170 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion

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l fi n

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

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n (P

J)

Renewable energy

Solid biofuels

Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Cro

atia

26.8

29.8

33.1

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Gab

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195.

3b

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 171

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

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(PJ)

Tota

l fi n

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nerg

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nsum

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n (P

J)

Renewable energy

Solid biofuels

Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Gam

bia

63.

154

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3b

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aica

5.3

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12.4

91.

80

0.5

01

0.1

00

26.

41.

479

.4b

172 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

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y co

nsum

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n (P

J)

Renewable energy

Solid biofuels

Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Japa

n3.

84.

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36.

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1b

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b

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otte

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....

....

....

....

....

....

....

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 173

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

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(PJ)

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nsum

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J)

Renewable energy

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Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

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(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Mex

ico

12.2

9.4

9.2

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14.1

790

.8b

174 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

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J)

Renewable energy

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Liquid biofuels

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Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Phi

lippi

nes

34.8

28.8

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Renewable energy

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Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Som

alia

93.

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157

574.

1b

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 175

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

rgy

(PJ)

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l fi n

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

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n (P

J)

Renewable energy

Solid biofuels

Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Som

alia

93.

39

3.6

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1b

176 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

rgy

(PJ)

Tota

l fi n

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (P

J)

Renewable energy

Solid biofuels

Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

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gin

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5.5

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CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 177

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion

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enew

able

ene

rgy

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l fi n

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (P

J)

Renewable energy

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Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Nor

ther

n A

fric

a (M

49

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178 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

e

Sha

re in

tot

al fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (%

)Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

rgy

(PJ)

Tota

l fi n

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n (P

J)

Renewable energy

Solid biofuels

Liquid biofuels

Biogases

Hydro

Tide

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

Municipal waste

(renew)

Electricity consump-

tion (1)

Heat raising (2)

Transport (3)

2000

2010

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

2017

Wes

tern

Eur

ope

(M4

9)

6.7

11.2

14.2

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RE

FER

EN

CE

a. S

ourc

e: E

nerg

y B

alan

ces,

UN

Sta

tist

ics

Div

isio

n (2

019

)

b. S

ourc

e: IE

A (

2019

), W

orld

Ene

rgy

Bal

ance

s

c. S

ourc

es: I

EA

(20

19),

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ld E

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y B

alan

ces;

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rgy

Bal

ance

s, U

N S

tati

stic

s D

ivis

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(20

19)

D

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NIT

ION

S

Fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

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of r

enew

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rgy

(1)

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ctri

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con

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n: C

over

s fi n

al c

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mpt

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of r

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ctri

city

in a

ll se

ctor

s ex

clud

ing

tran

spor

t

(2)

Hea

t ra

isin

g: C

over

s fi n

al c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

rgy

for

heat

rai

sing

pur

pose

s (e

xclu

ding

ele

ctri

city

) in

man

ufac

turi

ng, c

onst

ruct

ion

and

non

fuel

min

ing

indu

stri

es, h

ouse

hold

, com

mer

ce a

nd

publ

ic s

ervi

ces,

agr

icul

ture

, for

estr

y, fi

shin

g an

d no

t el

sew

here

spe

cifi e

d.

(3

) Tr

ansp

ort:

Cov

ers

fi nal

con

sum

ptio

n of

ren

ewab

le e

nerg

y (i

nclu

ding

ele

ctri

city

) in

the

tra

nspo

rt s

ecto

r.

NO

TES

Allo

cati

on o

f ren

ewab

le e

lect

rici

ty a

nd h

eat

to fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n.To

est

ablis

h th

e co

ntri

buti

on o

f eac

h te

chno

logy

to t

he fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion,

the

agg

rega

ted

fi gur

es fo

r el

ectr

icit

y an

d co

mm

erci

al h

eat

have

to b

e al

loca

ted

to t

he r

elev

ant

tech

nolo

gy. T

his

can

be

done

bas

ed o

n th

e pr

opor

tion

s ex

hibi

ted

in p

rodu

ctio

n da

ta, a

ttri

buti

ng t

he lo

sses

pro

port

iona

lly (

GT

F 20

13).

For

inst

ance

, if t

otal

fi na

l con

sum

ptio

n ta

ble

repo

rts

150

TJ

for

biog

ases

, whi

le to

tal fi

nal

co

nsum

ptio

n of

ele

ctri

city

is 4

00

TJ

and

heat

10

0 T

J, a

nd t

he s

hare

of b

ioga

ses

in to

tal e

lect

rici

ty o

utpu

t is

10

per

cent

and

5 p

erce

nt in

hea

t, t

he to

tal r

epor

ted

num

ber

for

biog

ases

con

sum

ptio

n w

ill b

e 19

5 TJ

(15

0 T

J+4

00

TJ*1

0%

+10

0TJ

*5%

).

SDG

7.3

– E

NER

GY E

FFIC

IEN

CYD

ata

prov

ided

by

the

IEA

and

UN

SD

Thi

s ta

ble,

incl

udin

g th

e da

ta c

onta

ined

in it

, mus

t not

be

repr

oduc

ed, d

isse

min

ated

or

tran

sfer

red,

in w

hole

or

in p

art,

wit

hout

IEA’

s an

d U

NS

D’s

wri

tten

per

mis

sion

. T

he d

ata

in th

is

tabl

e so

urce

d to

the

IEA

is s

ubje

ct to

the

IEA’

s te

rms

and

cond

itio

ns.

Thi

s no

tice

and

any

sou

rcin

g st

atem

ents

incl

uded

in th

is ta

ble

mus

t not

be

rem

oved

from

the

tabl

e.

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Afg

hani

stan

1.7

2.8

2.2

1.9

5.0

%-4

.4%

-7.0

%a

Alb

ania

4.5

3.1

2.9

2.9

-3.7

%-1

.2%

0.2

%b

Alg

eria

3.6

3.6

4.2

4.1

0.2

%2.

8%

-1.2

%b

Am

eric

an S

amoa

....

....

....

..

And

orra

....

....

....

..

Ang

ola

4.5

3.2

3.5

3.4

-3.4

%1.

8%

-0.6

%b

Ang

uilla

....

....

....

..

Ant

igua

and

Bar

buda

2.8

3.6

3.5

3.2

2.6

%-0

.7%

-3.1

%a

Arg

enti

na4.

74.

34.

34.

3-0

.9%

0.2

%-0

.5%

b

Arm

enia

9.4

5.4

5.2

5.2

-5.4

%-0

.7%

-0.3

%b

Aru

ba6.

87.

93.

43.

41.

6%

-15.

5%0

.4%

a

Aus

tral

ia6.

75.

85.

14.

8-1

.4%

-2.8

%-2

.3%

b

Aus

tria

3.9

3.9

3.6

3.5

0.1

%-1

.7%

-1.0

%b

Aze

rbai

jan

12.8

3.3

3.7

3.8

-12.

6%

2.3%

1.6

%b

Bah

amas

2.8

3.3

2.7

2.6

1.8

%-4

.0%

-1.3

%a

Bah

rain

11.2

10.5

9.9

9.1

-0.6

%-1

.3%

-4.1

%b

Ban

glad

esh

3.6

3.4

3.1

2.9

-0.6

%-1

.6%

-3.4

%b

Bar

bado

s3.

84.

43.

63.

31.

5%-3

.8%

-5.0

%a

Bel

arus

13.7

7.5

6.5

6.5

-5.9

%-2

.8%

0.6

%b

Bel

gium

6.4

5.6

4.7

4.8

-1.3

%-3

.6%

1.0

%b

Bel

ize

6.4

5.1

5.5

5.5

-2.3

%1.

5%0

.6%

a

Ben

in7.

39.

38.

89.

22.

5%-1

.1%

2.5%

b

Ber

mud

a2.

32.

4..

..0

.5%

....

Bhu

tan

21.8

12.2

10.5

9.7

-5.7

%-2

.9%

-3.7

%a

Bol

ivia

(P

luri

nati

onal

Sta

te o

f)5.

64.

95.

04.

9-1

.3%

0.2

%-0

.5%

b

Bon

aire

, Sin

t Eu

stat

ius

and

Sab

a..

....

....

....

Bos

nia

and

Her

zego

vina

7.6

7.5

6.7

6.9

-0.2

%-2

.3%

1.4

%b

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 179

SDG

7.3

– E

NER

GY E

FFIC

IEN

CYD

ata

prov

ided

by

the

IEA

and

UN

SD

Thi

s ta

ble,

incl

udin

g th

e da

ta c

onta

ined

in it

, mus

t not

be

repr

oduc

ed, d

isse

min

ated

or

tran

sfer

red,

in w

hole

or

in p

art,

wit

hout

IEA’

s an

d U

NS

D’s

wri

tten

per

mis

sion

. T

he d

ata

in th

is

tabl

e so

urce

d to

the

IEA

is s

ubje

ct to

the

IEA’

s te

rms

and

cond

itio

ns.

Thi

s no

tice

and

any

sou

rcin

g st

atem

ents

incl

uded

in th

is ta

ble

mus

t not

be

rem

oved

from

the

tabl

e.

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Afg

hani

stan

1.7

2.8

2.2

1.9

5.0

%-4

.4%

-7.0

%a

Alb

ania

4.5

3.1

2.9

2.9

-3.7

%-1

.2%

0.2

%b

Alg

eria

3.6

3.6

4.2

4.1

0.2

%2.

8%

-1.2

%b

Am

eric

an S

amoa

....

....

....

..

And

orra

....

....

....

..

Ang

ola

4.5

3.2

3.5

3.4

-3.4

%1.

8%

-0.6

%b

Ang

uilla

....

....

....

..

Ant

igua

and

Bar

buda

2.8

3.6

3.5

3.2

2.6

%-0

.7%

-3.1

%a

Arg

enti

na4.

74.

34.

34.

3-0

.9%

0.2

%-0

.5%

b

Arm

enia

9.4

5.4

5.2

5.2

-5.4

%-0

.7%

-0.3

%b

Aru

ba6.

87.

93.

43.

41.

6%

-15.

5%0

.4%

a

Aus

tral

ia6.

75.

85.

14.

8-1

.4%

-2.8

%-2

.3%

b

Aus

tria

3.9

3.9

3.6

3.5

0.1

%-1

.7%

-1.0

%b

Aze

rbai

jan

12.8

3.3

3.7

3.8

-12.

6%

2.3%

1.6

%b

Bah

amas

2.8

3.3

2.7

2.6

1.8

%-4

.0%

-1.3

%a

Bah

rain

11.2

10.5

9.9

9.1

-0.6

%-1

.3%

-4.1

%b

Ban

glad

esh

3.6

3.4

3.1

2.9

-0.6

%-1

.6%

-3.4

%b

Bar

bado

s3.

84.

43.

63.

31.

5%-3

.8%

-5.0

%a

Bel

arus

13.7

7.5

6.5

6.5

-5.9

%-2

.8%

0.6

%b

Bel

gium

6.4

5.6

4.7

4.8

-1.3

%-3

.6%

1.0

%b

Bel

ize

6.4

5.1

5.5

5.5

-2.3

%1.

5%0

.6%

a

Ben

in7.

39.

38.

89.

22.

5%-1

.1%

2.5%

b

Ber

mud

a2.

32.

4..

..0

.5%

....

Bhu

tan

21.8

12.2

10.5

9.7

-5.7

%-2

.9%

-3.7

%a

Bol

ivia

(P

luri

nati

onal

Sta

te o

f)5.

64.

95.

04.

9-1

.3%

0.2

%-0

.5%

b

Bon

aire

, Sin

t Eu

stat

ius

and

Sab

a..

....

....

....

Bos

nia

and

Her

zego

vina

7.6

7.5

6.7

6.9

-0.2

%-2

.3%

1.4

%b

180 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Bot

swan

a4.

33.

43.

43.

3-2

.2%

-0.1

%-2

.2%

b

Bra

zil

3.9

3.9

4.1

4.1

-0.1

%1.

0%

0.1

%b

Bri

tish

Vir

gin

Isla

nds

....

....

....

..

Bru

nei D

arus

sala

m3.

74.

33.

74.

91.

7%-3

.4%

16.0

%b

Bul

gari

a10

.86.

66.

46.

0-4

.8%

-0.7

%-3

.3%

b

Bur

kina

Fas

o6.

66.

56.

05.

7-0

.1%

-1.8

%-2

.3%

a

Bur

undi

12.0

9.1

8.5

8.7

-2.7

%-1

.4%

1.4

%a

Cab

o Ve

rde

2.7

3.2

2.8

2.9

1.5%

-2.7

%1.

6%

a

Cam

bodi

a8.

56.

25.

85.

8-3

.1%

-1.4

%0

.2%

b

Cam

eroo

n6.

65.

05.

14.

8-2

.8%

0.4

%-3

.1%

b

Can

ada

9.2

7.9

7.7

7.6

-1.6

%-0

.6%

-0.7

%b

Cay

man

Isla

nds

2.0

2.2

2.0

2.0

1.0

%-1

.9%

-1.0

%a

Cen

tral

Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

7.2

5.2

7.3

6.7

-3.2

%6.

8%

-4.3

%a

Cha

d7.

43.

52.

73.

3-7

.3%

-4.7

%8.

9%

a

Chi

le4.

83.

93.

73.

9-2

.1%

-1.0

%2.

4%

b

Chi

na10

.28.

46.

86.

1-1

.9%

-4.2

%-5

.2%

b

Chi

na, H

ong

Kon

g S

peci

al

Adm

inis

trat

ive

Reg

ion

2.5

1.7

1.6

1.4

-3.9

%-1

.0%

-6.1

%b

Chi

na, M

acao

Spe

cial

A

dmin

istr

ativ

e R

egio

n1.

30

.60

.70

.7-7

.3%

3.9

%0

.0%

a

Col

ombi

a3.

22.

62.

62.

5-2

.0%

-0.3

%-2

.1%

b

Com

oros

2.5

2.8

2.7

3.1

1.0

%-0

.9%

7.4

%a

Con

go2.

13.

14.

34.

84.

1%6.

9%

5.2%

b

Coo

k Is

land

s..

....

....

....

Cos

ta R

ica

3.1

3.2

2.9

2.8

0.4

%-1

.9%

-3.0

%b

Côt

e d'

Ivoi

re5.

86.

35.

45.

00

.9%

-3.1

%-3

.8%

b

Cro

atia

5.0

4.4

4.0

3.9

-1.3

%-2

.0%

-1.1

%b

Cub

a4.

32.

31.

91.

8-6

.1%

-3.2

%-2

.9%

b

Cur

açao

22.5

20.4

20.5

17.5

-1.0

%0

.1%

-7.5

%b

Cyp

rus

4.4

3.6

3.2

3.3

-1.9

%-2

.3%

0.3

%b

Cze

chia

7.9

6.4

5.5

5.3

-2.2

%-3

.0%

-1.8

%b

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Dem

ocra

tic

Peop

le's

Rep

ublic

of

Kor

ea6.

95.

73.

05.

8-1

.8%

-12.

0%

38.0

%b

Dem

ocra

tic

Rep

ublic

of

the

Con

go21

.619

.519

.519

.0-1

.0%

0.0

%-1

.5%

b

Den

mar

k3.

53.

32.

62.

6-0

.3%

-4.7

%-0

.2%

b

Djib

outi

5.6

4.8

2.8

2.6

-1.5

%-9

.9%

-5.2

%a

Dom

inic

a2.

93.

53.

63.

61.

9%

0.8

%0

.0%

a

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic4.

42.

92.

52.

3-4

.1%

-3.0

%-2

.9%

b

Ecua

dor

4.0

3.5

3.6

3.5

-1.1

%0

.3%

-2.0

%b

Egyp

t3.

33.

73.

53.

81.

3%-1

.0%

3.6

%b

El S

alva

dor

4.0

4.6

3.9

3.7

1.4

%-3

.3%

-2.3

%b

Equa

tori

al G

uine

a1.

42.

62.

01.

85.

9%

-5.0

%-5

.7%

a

Erit

rea

5.2

5.0

4.4

4.3

-0.4

%-2

.7%

-0.8

%b

Esto

nia

9.0

7.8

6.3

6.1

-1.4

%-4

.2%

-1.8

%b

Esw

atin

i6.

65.

04.

74.

1-2

.8%

-1.2

%-7

.0%

a

Ethi

opia

25.1

14.8

10.8

9.7

-5.1

%-6

.1%

-5.4

%b

Falk

land

Isla

nds

(Mal

vina

s)..

....

....

....

Faro

e Is

land

s..

....

....

....

Fiji

4.0

3.4

4.8

4.2

-1.6

%7.

1%-6

.7%

a

Finl

and

7.5

7.2

6.3

6.1

-0.5

%-2

.4%

-1.6

%b

Fran

ce5.

04.

64.

24.

0-0

.8%

-1.9

%-2

.5%

b

Fren

ch G

uian

a..

....

....

....

Fren

ch P

olyn

esia

....

....

....

..

Gab

on2.

88.

56.

76.

311

.6%

-4.4

%-3

.2%

b

Gam

bia

4.9

4.4

4.6

4.4

-1.0

%0

.6%

-1.7

%a

Geo

rgia

8.4

5.0

5.8

5.6

-5.1

%3.

1%-1

.8%

b

Ger

man

y4.

74.

13.

63.

5-1

.2%

-2.8

%-1

.7%

b

Gha

na6.

24.

23.

73.

3-3

.8%

-2.5

%-6

.1%

b

Gib

ralt

ar..

....

....

....

Gre

ece

4.2

3.6

3.7

3.7

-1.5

%0

.5%

-0.5

%b

Gre

enla

nd..

....

....

....

Gre

nada

3.0

3.4

3.0

2.9

1.4

%-2

.6%

-1.5

%a

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 181

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Dem

ocra

tic

Peop

le's

Rep

ublic

of

Kor

ea6.

95.

73.

05.

8-1

.8%

-12.

0%

38.0

%b

Dem

ocra

tic

Rep

ublic

of

the

Con

go21

.619

.519

.519

.0-1

.0%

0.0

%-1

.5%

b

Den

mar

k3.

53.

32.

62.

6-0

.3%

-4.7

%-0

.2%

b

Djib

outi

5.6

4.8

2.8

2.6

-1.5

%-9

.9%

-5.2

%a

Dom

inic

a2.

93.

53.

63.

61.

9%

0.8

%0

.0%

a

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(Mal

vina

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....

....

....

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land

s..

....

....

....

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ch G

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a..

....

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....

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b

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b

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b

Gib

ralt

ar..

....

....

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ece

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enla

nd..

....

....

....

Gre

nada

3.0

3.4

3.0

2.9

1.4

%-2

.6%

-1.5

%a

182 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Gua

delo

upe

....

....

....

..

Gua

m..

....

....

....

Gua

tem

ala

4.2

4.7

4.5

4.6

1.2%

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%1.

2%b

Gue

rnse

y..

....

....

....

Gui

nea

10.2

8.7

7.1

5.9

-1.7

%-4

.0%

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%a

Gui

nea-

Bis

sau

13.7

12.8

11.8

10.8

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%a

Guy

ana

9.7

7.9

6.4

6.4

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Hai

ti5.

710

.610

.310

.46.

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Hon

dura

s5.

85.

96.

46.

00

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Hun

gary

5.7

5.0

4.3

4.2

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.9%

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%b

Icel

and

13.3

17.8

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Indi

a6.

55.

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96.

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b

Irel

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3.7

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of

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54.

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b

Kaz

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10.1

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b

Ken

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78.

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b

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i5.

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5.5

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9.6

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ocra

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b

Leba

non

5.1

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b

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

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und

annu

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ate

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y in

tens

ity

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Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Leso

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14.4

10.7

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13.0

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a

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a5.

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5.4

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hten

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n..

....

....

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6.6

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tini

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....

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....

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nmar

8.9

3.1

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ibia

3.8

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b

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ru17

.18.

84.

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Cal

edon

ia..

....

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land

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Nic

arag

ua6.

15.

45.

45.

0-1

.3%

0.0

%-3

.2%

b

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 183

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Leso

tho

14.4

10.7

8.0

8.0

-2.9

%-5

.8%

0.3

%a

Libe

ria

13.0

17.5

16.8

17.6

3.0

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a

Liby

a5.

64.

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9-2

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5.4

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Liec

hten

stei

n..

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a7.

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53.

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3.9

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car

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awi

6.6

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81.

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tini

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....

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....

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29.4

13.3

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ru17

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edon

ia..

....

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6.6

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Nic

arag

ua6.

15.

45.

45.

0-1

.3%

0.0

%-3

.2%

b

184 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Nig

er7.

27.

06.

96.

6-0

.3%

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.7%

b

Nig

eria

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b

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e..

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th M

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6.4

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land

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Tom

e an

d P

rinc

ipe

5.9

5.2

4.7

4.5

-1.3

%-2

.2%

-1.2

%a

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 185

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Sau

di A

rabi

a4.

66.

25.

85.

53.

1%-1

.4%

-2.8

%b

Sen

egal

4.2

4.7

4.1

3.6

1.1%

-2.5

%-6

.5%

b

Ser

bia

9.5

6.7

6.1

6.1

-3.4

%-2

.0%

0.2

%b

Sey

chel

les

5.4

3.3

2.9

3.2

-4.6

%-2

.9%

5.6

%a

Sie

rra

Leon

e13

.17.

77.

06.

5-5

.2%

-1.9

%-4

.0%

a

Sin

gapo

re3.

72.

62.

83.

1-3

.4%

1.3%

5.6

%b

Sin

t M

aart

en (

Dut

ch p

art)

....

9.3

....

....

Slo

vaki

a8.

85.

54.

54.

4-4

.6%

-4.1

%-0

.2%

b

Slo

veni

a5.

95.

24.

64.

5-1

.3%

-2.6

%-1

.3%

b

Sol

omon

Isla

nds

8.7

8.0

6.0

5.5

-0.7

%-5

.8%

-4.3

%a

Som

alia

....

....

....

..

Sou

th A

fric

a10

.59.

07.

88.

0-1

.5%

-2.9

%1.

1%b

Sou

th S

udan

....

1.7

1.5

....

-6.5

%b

Spa

in4.

23.

53.

33.

3-1

.7%

-1.3

%-0

.2%

b

Sri

Lan

ka3.

42.

42.

12.

0-3

.4%

-2.5

%-1

.9%

b

Sta

te o

f P

ales

tine

3.5

3.5

3.8

3.8

0.1

%1.

4%

-0.4

%a

Sud

an7.

24.

44.

74.

3-4

.8%

1.3%

-3.6

%b

Sur

inam

e5.

53.

93.

31.

9-3

.4%

-3.3

%-2

4.4

%b

Sw

eden

6.1

5.3

4.2

4.4

-1.4

%-4

.6%

2.4

%b

Sw

itze

rlan

d2.

92.

52.

12.

0-1

.4%

-3.0

%-2

.6%

b

Syr

ian

Ara

b R

epub

lic7.

36.

64.

14.

5-1

.0%

-9.0

%4.

3%b

Tajik

ista

n12

.25.

75.

15.

2-7

.4%

-2.0

%1.

2%b

Tha

iland

5.2

5.4

5.4

5.1

0.4

%-0

.1%

-2.6

%b

Tim

or-L

este

..0

.50

.90

.9..

14.1

%3.

9%

a

Togo

14.5

16.4

13.3

12.9

1.2%

-4.0

%-1

.7%

b

Tong

a3.

23.

23.

03.

7-0

.1%

-1.1

%10

.1%

a

Trin

idad

and

Tob

ago

18.0

20.0

18.4

17.7

1.0

%-1

.6%

-1.9

%b

Tuni

sia

4.2

3.9

3.8

3.8

-0.7

%-0

.7%

0.4

%b

Turk

ey3.

63.

43.

03.

0-0

.7%

-2.9

%1.

3%b

Turk

men

ista

n25

.918

.813

.912

.3-3

.2%

-5.9

%-6

.0%

b

Turk

s an

d C

aico

s Is

land

s..

..3.

94.

0..

..1.

5%a

186 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Tuva

lu3.

43.

93.

83.

71.

5%-0

.5%

-1.6

%a

Uga

nda

12.6

10.2

9.8

9.5

-2.1

%-0

.8%

-1.4

%a

Ukr

aine

23.8

15.5

12.2

11.2

-4.2

%-4

.7%

-4.2

%b

Uni

ted

Ara

b Em

irat

es4.

15.

45.

44.

52.

8%

-0.2

%-8

.5%

b

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

of

Gre

at B

rita

in

and

Nor

ther

n Ir

elan

d4.

83.

73.

02.

8-2

.5%

-4.3

%-3

.2%

b

Uni

ted

Rep

ublic

of T

anza

nia

11.1

7.5

6.3

5.7

-3.8

%-3

.4%

-4.8

%b

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

of A

mer

ica

7.4

6.1

5.4

5.1

-2.0

%-2

.4%

-2.6

%b

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Vir

gin

Isla

nds

....

....

....

..

Uru

guay

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.0

-0.2

%0

.7%

-1.0

%b

Uzb

ekis

tan

34.1

14.7

9.2

7.2

-8.1

%-9

.0%

-11.

0%

b

Vanu

atu

4.0

3.9

3.9

3.7

-0.3

%0

.0%

-2.9

%a

Vene

zuel

a (B

oliv

aria

n R

epub

lic o

f)6.

16.

35.

26.

00

.4%

-3.8

%7.

6%

b

Vie

t N

am5.

96.

35.

95.

60

.8%

-1.4

%-3

.0%

b

Wal

lis a

nd F

utun

a Is

land

s..

....

....

....

Yem

en2.

93.

11.

92.

00

.8%

-9.6

%4.

4%

b

Zam

bia

11.9

8.0

7.8

8.1

-3.8

%-0

.6%

1.7%

b

Zim

babw

e12

.016

.613

.713

.03.

3%-3

.8%

-2.6

%b

Wor

ld6.

65.

95.

25.

0-1

.2%

-2.2

%-2

.2%

c

Nor

ther

n A

mer

ica

(M4

9)

and

Euro

pe (

M4

9)

6.7

5.6

4.9

4.8

-1.8

%-2

.4%

-1.5

%c

Nor

ther

n A

mer

ica

(M4

9)

7.5

6.2

5.6

5.3

-1.9

%-2

.2%

-2.4

%c

Euro

pe (

M4

9)

6.0

5.1

4.5

4.4

-1.6

%-2

.5%

-0.8

%c

Lati

n A

mer

ica

and

the

Car

ibbe

an

(MD

G=

M4

9)

4.1

4.0

3.8

3.7

-0.3

%-0

.9%

-1.1

%c

Cen

tral

Asi

a (M

49

) an

d S

outh

ern

Asi

a (M

DG

=M

49

)6.

75.

75.

14.

7-1

.6%

-2.0

%-3

.9%

c

Cen

tral

Asi

a (M

49

)17

.611

.08.

98.

3-4

.6%

-4.2

%-3

.0%

c

Sou

ther

n A

sia

(MD

G=

M4

9)

6.1

5.3

4.9

4.5

-1.3

%-1

.8%

-3.8

%c

East

ern

Asi

a (M

49

) an

d S

outh

-ea

ster

n A

sia

(MD

G=

M4

9)

7.1

6.6

5.7

5.3

-0.7

%-3

.1%

-3.6

%c

East

ern

Asi

a (M

49

)7.

67.

26.

15.

6-0

.6%

-3.4

%-4

.0%

c

Sou

th-e

aste

rn A

sia

(MD

G=

M4

9)

5.3

4.5

4.0

3.9

-1.7

%-2

.0%

-1.2

%c

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 187

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Wes

tern

Asi

a (M

49

) an

d N

orth

ern

Afr

ica

(M4

9)

4.3

4.6

4.4

4.2

0.5

%-0

.9%

-1.3

%c

Wes

tern

Asi

a (M

49

)4.

54.

94.

54.

40

.8%

-1.5

%-1

.6%

c

Nor

ther

n A

fric

a (M

49

)3.

93.

83.

93.

9-0

.3%

0.5

%-0

.1%

c

Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica

(M4

9)

9.6

7.5

6.7

6.8

-2.4

%-2

.1%

0.6

%c

Oce

ania

(M

49

)6.

75.

85.

14.

9-1

.4%

-2.5

%-2

.5%

c

Oce

ania

(M

49

) ex

clud

ing

Aus

tral

ia

and

New

Zea

land

(M

49

)5.

95.

65.

35.

0-0

.4%

-1.3

%-2

.9%

c

Aus

tral

ia a

nd N

ew Z

eala

nd (

M4

9)

6.7

5.8

5.1

4.8

-1.4

%-2

.5%

-2.5

%c

Leas

t D

evel

oped

Cou

ntri

es (

LDC

s)7.

85.

85.

45.

3-3

.0%

-1.2

%-1

.1%

c

Sm

all i

slan

d de

velo

ping

Sta

tes

(SID

S)

4.1

3.4

3.3

3.2

-1.9

%-0

.9%

-0.3

%c

Land

lock

ed d

evel

opin

g co

untr

ies

(LLD

Cs)

12.5

8.3

7.2

7.0

-4.0

%-3

.0%

-1.4

%c

Afr

ica

(M4

9)

7.1

5.9

5.6

5.7

-1.7

%-1

.0%

0.2

%c

Asi

a (M

49

)6.

66.

25.

45.

0-0

.6%

-2.7

%-3

.4%

c

Am

eric

as (

m4

9)

6.5

5.5

5.0

4.8

-1.7

%-1

.9%

-1.9

%c

Car

ibbe

an (

M4

9)

....

....

....

..

Cen

tral

Am

eric

a (M

49

)4.

04.

13.

73.

40

.2%

-2.1

%-3

.3%

c

East

ern

Afr

ica

(M4

9)

12.2

9.5

8.3

7.9

-2.5

%-2

.6%

-2.5

%c

East

ern

Euro

pe (

M4

9)

11.2

7.9

6.9

6.9

-3.5

%-2

.6%

0.3

%c

Mel

anes

ia (

M4

9)

5.9

5.6

5.3

4.9

-0.4

%-1

.4%

-3.1

%c

Mic

rone

sia

(M4

9)

8.9

8.4

7.9

7.9

-0.6

%-1

.1%

-0.2

%c

Mid

dle

Afr

ica

(M4

9)

7.1

5.8

6.1

6.2

-2.1

%1.

2%0

.3%

c

Nor

ther

n Eu

rope

(M

49

)5.

04.

23.

33.

2-1

.8%

-4.2

%-1

.8%

c

Poly

nesi

a (M

49

)..

....

....

....

Sou

th A

mer

ica

(M4

9)

4.2

4.0

3.9

3.9

-0.5

%-0

.3%

0.0

%c

Sou

ther

n A

fric

a (M

49

)10

.18.

67.

47.

5-1

.6%

-2.9

%0

.9%

c

Sou

ther

n Eu

rope

(M

49

)3.

93.

63.

33.

3-0

.8%

-1.5

%-0

.5%

c

Wes

tern

Afr

ica

(M4

9)

8.6

6.4

5.7

6.0

-2.8

%-2

.3%

2.2%

c

Wes

tern

Eur

ope

(M4

9)

4.7

4.3

3.8

3.6

-1.0

%-2

.6%

-1.7

%c

Dev

elop

ing

regi

ons

(MD

G)

6.3

5.9

5.3

5.0

-0.7

%-2

.2%

-2.9

%c

188 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

UN

cou

ntry

nam

eEn

ergy

inte

nsit

y (M

J/U

SD

20

11 P

PP

)C

ompo

und

annu

al g

row

th r

ate

of E

nerg

y in

tens

ity

(%)

Sou

rce

200

020

1020

1520

1720

00

-20

1020

10-2

015

2015

-20

17

Dev

elop

ed r

egio

ns (

MD

G)

6.5

5.5

4.8

4.7

-1.7

%-2

.5%

-1.6

%c

Nor

ther

n A

fric

a (M

DG

)3.

73.

73.

83.

80

.2%

0.5

%0

.1%

c

Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica

(MD

G)

9.5

7.3

6.6

6.7

-2.5

%-2

.0%

0.4

%c

East

ern

Asi

a (M

DG

)9.

48.

06.

66.

0-1

.6%

-3.8

%-4

.7%

c

Wes

tern

Asi

a (M

DG

)4.

34.

94.

64.

41.

3%-1

.5%

-1.5

%c

Oce

ania

(M

DG

)5.

95.

65.

35.

0-0

.4%

-1.3

%-2

.9%

c

Cau

casu

s an

d C

entr

al A

sia

(MD

G)

16.3

9.1

7.8

7.4

-5.7

%-3

.1%

-2.1

%c

RE

FER

EN

CE

a.

Sou

rce:

Ene

rgy

Bal

ance

s, U

N S

tati

stic

s D

ivis

ion

(20

19)

b. S

ourc

e: IE

A (

2019

), W

orld

Ene

rgy

Bal

ance

s

c.

Sou

rce:

IEA

(20

19),

Wor

ld E

nerg

y B

alan

ces;

Ene

rgy

Bal

ance

s, U

N S

tati

stic

s D

ivis

ion

(20

19)

D

EFI

NIT

ION

S

Fina

l con

sum

ptio

n of

ren

ewab

le e

nerg

y (1

) E

lect

rici

ty c

onsu

mpt

ion:

Cov

ers

fi nal

con

sum

ptio

n of

ren

ewab

le e

lect

rici

ty in

all

sect

ors

excl

udin

g tr

ansp

ort

(2)

Hea

t ra

isin

g: C

over

s fi n

al c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

rgy

for

heat

rai

sing

pur

pose

s (e

xclu

ding

ele

ctri

city

) in

man

ufac

turi

ng, c

onst

ruct

ion

and

non

fuel

min

ing

indu

stri

es, h

ouse

hold

, com

mer

ce a

nd

publ

ic s

ervi

ces,

agr

icul

ture

, for

estr

y, fi

shin

g an

d no

t el

sew

here

spe

cifi e

d.

(3)

Tran

spor

t: C

over

s fi n

al c

onsu

mpt

ion

of r

enew

able

ene

rgy

(inc

ludi

ng e

lect

rici

ty)

in t

he t

rans

port

sec

tor.

N

OT

ES

Allo

cati

on o

f ren

ewab

le e

lect

rici

ty a

nd h

eat

to fi

nal e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n.To

est

ablis

h th

e co

ntri

buti

on o

f eac

h te

chno

logy

to t

he fi

nal c

onsu

mpt

ion,

the

agg

rega

ted

fi gur

es fo

r el

ectr

icit

y an

d co

mm

erci

al h

eat

have

to b

e al

loca

ted

to t

he r

elev

ant

tech

nolo

gy. T

his

can

be

done

bas

ed o

n th

e pr

opor

tion

s ex

hibi

ted

in p

rodu

ctio

n da

ta, a

ttri

buti

ng t

he lo

sses

pro

port

iona

lly (

GT

F 20

13).

For

inst

ance

, if t

otal

fi na

l con

sum

ptio

n ta

ble

repo

rts

150

TJ

for

biog

ases

, whi

le to

tal fi

nal

co

nsum

ptio

n of

ele

ctri

city

is 4

00

TJ

and

heat

10

0 T

J, a

nd t

he s

hare

of b

ioga

ses

in to

tal e

lect

rici

ty o

utpu

t is

10

per

cent

and

5 p

erce

nt in

hea

t, t

he to

tal r

epor

ted

num

ber

for

biog

ases

con

sum

ptio

n w

ill b

e 19

5 TJ

(15

0 T

J+4

00

TJ*1

0%

+10

0TJ

*5%

).

Cou

ntry

Inte

rnat

iona

l Com

mit

men

ts (

2017

US

D M

illio

ns)

200

020

1020

1520

17

Afg

hani

stan

0.0

235

.43

4.75

49.

35

Alg

eria

0.3

90

.87

0.0

1

Ang

ola

0.0

20

.02

Ang

uilla

0.0

5

Ant

igua

and

Bar

buda

6.8

819

.09

Arg

enti

na1.

02

60

0.8

49

0.0

9

Arm

enia

89.

85

22.7

51.

5

Aze

rbai

jan

4.6

918

2.97

75.9

60

.02

Bah

amas

0.0

2

Ban

glad

esh

2.9

20

.18

7.4

821

0.4

9

Bar

bado

s0

.08

Bel

ize

0.0

20

.01

Ben

in0

.17

548.

94

316.

46

Bhu

tan

4.78

22.3

512

3.38

0.0

2

Bol

ivia

(P

luri

nati

onal

Sta

te o

f)0

.09

5.13

1.9

16

23.1

6

Bot

swan

a0

.03

9.9

20

.02

Bra

zil

123.

5813

9.8

32.

2156

0.0

5

Bur

kina

Fas

o0

.12

1.32

25.7

520

.33

Bur

undi

12.9

92.

43

16.4

2

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re13

.43

0.8

70

.78

48

6.23

Cab

o Ve

rde

67.4

43.

08

0.1

Cam

bodi

a6

58.1

67.

95

3.6

4

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CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 189

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190 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

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CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 191

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192 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Cou

ntry

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CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 193

Cou

ntry

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Sou

rce:

Inte

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iona

l Ren

ewab

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nerg

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genc

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rgan

isat

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for

Econ

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Co-

oper

atio

n an

d D

evel

opm

ent

194 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

PARTNERSHIP

The Energy Progress Report is a product of exceptional collaboration among the five SDG 7 custodian agencies, specially constituted in a Steering Group:

� International Energy Agency (IEA)

� International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

� United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)

� World Bank (WB)

� World Health Organization (WHO)

The Steering Group was supported by the SDG 7 Technical Advisory Group composed as follows.

� African Development Bank (AfDB)

� Clean Cooking Alliance

� Denmark (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

� ENERGIA

� European Commission

� FIA Foundation

� Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)

� Germany (Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development)

� Hivos

� International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

� International Labour Organization (ILO)

� Islamic Development Bank

� Kenya (Ministry of Energy & Petroleum)

� Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE)

� Norway (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

� Pakistan (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

� Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21ST Century (REN 21)

� Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL)

� TERI School of Advanced Studies

� The Netherlands (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

� The United Nations Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States (UN -OHRLLS)

� UAE (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

� United Nations Association of China

� United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

� United Nations Department of Economics and Social Affairs (UN DESA)

� United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

� United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)

� United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

� United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

� United Nations Economic Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

� United Nations Economic Programme for Europe (UNECE)

� United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

� United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

� United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)

� United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

� United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)

� Vienna University of Technology

CHAPTER 6 • Tracking SDG 7 progress across targets: indicators and data 195

The financial and technical support of the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) is gratefully acknowledged. ESMAP — a global partnership between the World Bank and 19 development partners and philanthropic foundations to help low and middle-income countries to increase their know-how and institutional capacity to achieve environmentally sustainable energy solutions for poverty reduction and economic growth. ESMAP is funded by Austria (Ministry of Finance), Canada (Global Affairs Canada), ClimateWorks Foundation, Denmark (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), European Union, Germany (BMZ and BMU), Iceland (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), Italy (AICS), Japan (Ministry of Finance), Luxembourg (Ministry for Sustainable Development and Infrastructure), the Netherlands (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), Norway (Ministry of Foreign Affairs/NORAD), the Rockefeller Foundation, Sweden (SIDA), Switzerland (SECO), and the United Kingdom (DFID, BEIS, and FCO).

AUTHORSHIP

The technical co-leadership of the project by the custodian agencies was the responsibility of Laura Cozzi (IEA), Rabia Ferroukhi (IRENA), Leonardo Souza (UNSD), Elisa Portale (WB), and Heather Adair-Rohani (WHO).

� The chapter on electrification was prepared by the World Bank (Juliette Besnard, Paul P. Mathew, Sharmila Bellur), with contributions from IRENA (Adrian Whiteman, Gerardo Escamilla) and GOGLA (Silvia Francioso) on off-grid data and UNHCR (Theresa Beltramo) on forcibly displaced people data.

� The chapter on clean cooking was prepared by the World Health Organization (Heather Adair-Rohani, Jessica Lewis, Itzel Lucio Martinez), with substantial contributions from University of Exeter (Oliver Stoner).

� The chapter on renewable energy was prepared by the International Energy Agency (Paolo Frankl, Heymi Bahar, Yasmina Abdelilah, Pharoah Le Feuvre, Francois Briens, Roberta Quadrelli, Francesco Mattion, Faidon Papadimoulis) and the International Renewable Energy Agency (Rabia Ferroukhi, Emma Åberg, Anindya Bhagirath, Emanuele Bianco, Celia García-Baños, Carlos Guadarrama, Diala Hawila, Michael Renner), with substantial contributions from UNSD (Leonardo Souza, Agnieszka Koscielniak).

� The chapter on energy efficiency was prepared by the International Energy Agency (Kevin Lane, Jeremy Sung, Alyssa Fischer, Joe Ritchie, Giulia Ragosa, Roberta Quadrelli, Francesco Mattion, Faidon Papadimoulis), with contributions from UNSD (Leonardo Souza, Agnieszka Koscielniak).

� The Outlook chapter was led by the International Energy Agency (Arthur Contejean, Kieran McNamara, Timothy Goodson, Amrita Dasgupta), with the renewable energy section jointly prepared with International Renewable Energy Agency (Adrian Whiteman, Emma Åberg, Elisa Asmelash, Gerardo Escamilla, Ricardo Gorini, Sandra Lozo, Gayathri Prakash, Costanza Strinati, Nicholas Wagner).

� The chapter on indicators and data was jointly prepared by all custodian agencies under the coordination of the International Energy Agency (Roberta Quadrelli, Francesco Mattion, Faidon Papadimoulis).

DATA SOURCES

The report draws on two metadatabases of global household surveys—the Global Electrification Database managed by the World Bank, and the Global Household Energy Database managed by WHO. Energy balance statistics and indicators for renewable energy and energy efficiency were prepared by IEA (Roberta Quadrelli, Francesco Mattion, Faidon Papadimoulis) and UNSD (Leonardo Souza, Agnieszka Koscielniak and Costanza Giovannelli). The indicator on international financial flows to developing countries was prepared by IRENA (Adrian Whiteman, Gerardo Escamilla) based on the IRENA Public Investments Database and OECD/DAC Creditor Reporting System. Data on gross domestic product and value-added were mainly drawn from the World Development Indicators of the World Bank. Population data are from the United Nations Population Division.

REVIEW AND CONSULTATION

The public consultation and peer review process was coordinated by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Substantive comments were also provided by Donnee Alexander, Astri Sorenson, Dymphna van der Lans (Clean Cookstoves Alliance), Elizabeth Cecelski, Sheila Oparaocha (ENERGIA), Sofja Giljova (GIZ), Rita Poppe (HIVOS), Rana Adib, Thomas André, Duncan Gibb, Hannah E. Murdock, Lea Ranaldar (REN21), Glenn Pearce-Oroz (SEforALL),

196 Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report 2020

Hongpeng Liu (UN-ESCAP), Rita Ruohonen (UN-OHRLLS). The IEA’s internal review process was led by Laura Cozzi. The IRENA’s internal review process was led by Rabia Ferroukhi with contributions from Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Elizabeth Press, Emma Åberg, Elisa Asmelash, Anindya Bhagirath, Emanuele Bianco, Gerardo Escamilla, Celia García-Baños, Jinlei Feng, Ricardo Gorini, Carlos Guadarrama, Diala Hawila, Sandra Lozo, Gayathri Prakash, Michael Renner, Costanza Strinati, Nicholas Wagner, Adrian Whiteman. UNSD’s internal review process was led by Leonardo Souza, with contributions from Agnieszka Koscielniak. The World Bank’s internal peer review process was led by Riccardo Puliti, with contributions from Rohit Khanna, Zuzana Dobrotkova, Koffi Ekouevi, Stephen Halloway, Bryan Koo, Ivan Jaques, Dana Rysankova, Inka Schomer, Xiaoping Wang and Yabei Zhang. The World Health Organization's internal review process was led by Heather Adair-Rohani.

OUTREACH

The communications process was led by Emmanouela Markoglou and Daniella Van Leggelo Padilla (World Bank) in coordination with the custodian agencies’ communication focal points: Jethro Mullen and Merve Erdem (IEA), Nicole Bockstaller and Nanda Febriani Moenandar (IRENA), and Nada Osseiran (WHO) and in coordination with UNSD. The online platform (http://trackingSDG7.esmap.org) was developed by Advanced Software Systems, Inc. The report was edited, designed, and typeset by Duina Reyes and Steven Kennedy.

197

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

CO2 carbon dioxide

DRC Democratic Republic of Congo

EJ exajoule

ESMAP Energy Sector Management Assistance Program

GDP gross domestic product

GHEM Global Household Energy Model

GOGLA Global Off-Grid Lighting Association

IEA International Energy Agency

IRENA International Renewable Energy Agency

LED light-emitting diode

LPG liquefied petroleum gas

MEPS Minimum Energy Performance Standards

MJ megajoule

MTF Multi-Tier Framework

MWh megawatt-hour

OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

pp percentage point

PPP purchasing power parity

PV photovoltaic

REN21 Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century

RISE Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy

SDG Sustainable Development Goal

SDS Sustainable Development Scenario

SEforAll Sustainable Energy for All

SHS standalone home system

STEPS Stated Policies Scenario

TFEC total final energy consumption

TPES total primary energy supply

TWh terawatt-hour

UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNSD United Nations Statistical Division

W watt

WEM World Energy Model

WEO World Energy Outlook

WHO World Health Organization

SDG 7 Technical Advisory Group

Funding gratefully acknowledged from

Visit the SDG 7 Tracking website to download data and reports, as well as customized maps, comparative graphics, timelines, and country reports.

http://trackingSDG7.esmap.org

United NationsStatistics Division