Tracking Progress—Tools, Indicators and Initiatives to Measure

Country Performance towards Green Growth

SIDA Development Talks: Next Steps toward Inclusive Green Growth

September 17, 2012

Glenn-Marie Lange, Program Manager for WAVES Global PartnershipEnvironment Department, The World Bank

Inclusive Green Growth relies on:

Better incentive schemes (fiscal policy, etc)

Better measurement—Natural Capital Accounting– Better indicators to monitoring green growth

(Beyond GDP)– Detailed statistics as a management tool

• design incentive schemes, optimize use of natural capital

• Builds this information as satellite accounts to the System of National Accounts

Indicators for Green Growth

1. Macroeconomic Indicators—Is GDP growth sustainable or are we just “living off our natural capital?”Development as a process of building and managing a portfolio of assets

Comprehensive Wealth & Adjusted Net Savings

2. Specific natural capital indicators to monitor: – Resource intensity or productivity trends (energy, water,

pollution)– Stocks, land & forests– Environmental expenditures, taxes & subsidies, costs of

degradation

World Bank & Statistics for Green Growth

Adjusted Net Savings (ANS)is calculated annually,available online andin annual publications

◦ Little Green Data Book (started in 2000) Adjusted Net Savings, Adjusted Net National Income

◦ World Development Indicators Resource Rents, Adjusted Net Savings, and Adjusted Net National Income

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Genuine Saving Rates in EAP, ECA and SAR

East Asia & Pacific

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Comprehensive Wealth Accountsupdated less frequently, data available for years: 1995, 2000, 2005

Flagship Reports:◦Where is the Wealth of Nations?

Measuring Capital for the 21st Century (2006)

◦ The Changing Wealth of NationsMeasuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium (2011)

World Bank & Statistics for Green Growth

Managing Green Growth: Natural Capital Accounts

Statistics for better management of natural capital to support growth & poverty reduction

• What is the real contribution of Natural Capital to GDP and household livelihoods;

• How do we weigh tradeoffs among competing users- How do we balance land use for tourism, agriculture and other

ecosystem services like carbon storage or water quality?- How can we make ecotourism work for the local communities, to ensure

social and economic inclusion?- How do we model the impacts of changes in resource pricing, removal of

subsidies on economic activities, on the poor

• How much should be invested in natural capital, like protected areas?

In WAVES countries, statistics for management are more important than macroeconomic indicators

Initiatives for GG Measurement

Global Partnership for Wealth Accounting and Valuation of Ecosystem Services (WAVES) WAVES is working closely with World Bank’s Green Growth Program on country GG studies

Natural Capital Accounting Initiative—Rio+20Expanded ‘WAVES’ initiative for widespread, rapid rollout

Major Partners on NCAWAVES is looking to work closely with specific partners

WAVES Global Partnership for Natural Capital Accounting

5-year, $15 million Global Partnership—UNDP, UNEP, UNCEEA, partner countries, NGOs, academics, private sector, others to1.Implement natural capital accounting in 6-10 countries:

• Colombia, Costa Rica, Botswana, Madagascar, Philippines (India, Vietnam, Mexico, others..)

• Australia, Norway, UK, Canada, France, Spain, Netherlands

2.Incorporate natural capital accounts in policy analysis and development planning3.Scientific credibility —Policy & Technical Experts Committee to develop methodology for ecosystem accounting for the SEEA4.Promote global adoption of natural capital accounting beyond the pilot countries

Natural Capital Accounting under WAVES

Implement SEEA standards & pilot SEEA ecosystem accounts:• Physical measures & monetary value of ecosystem services produced

annually and cost of degradation• Distribution of benefits from ecosystem services, and burden of degradation

among different stakeholders• Value of assets —developed for alternative scenarios

Issues:• Prioritizing ecosystem services: where can we make credible progress quickly• Scaling up from specific ecosystems to national level• Valuing public lands, global commons• Handling thresholds, irreversibilities, low probability-high impact events

Valuation techniques:• Market prices for provisioning & recreational services• Ecological production functions for regulating services, drawing on local and

international models such as InVest, ARIES and others

Where are we now with WAVES?Preparation phase concluded, 2011-June 2012:

• Global partnership established –• Policy and Technical Experts Committee established to develop

methodology for ecosystem accounting and organize training• Scoping out studies for natural capital accounting in 5 developing

countries: Botswana, Costa Rica, Colombia, Madagascar, Philippines

Implementation Phase: 2012-2016Work plans approved and implementation beginning in Botswana and Madagascar, with other countries beginning shortlyPolicy and Technical Experts Committee first meeting Nov 7-9

WAVES at Rio+20: the ’50/50’ Campaign for Natural Capital Accounting

Building on the Gaborone Communique on NCA from the African Sustainability Summit, hosted by Botswana May 24-25, signed by 10 African countries

62 (32 developing) countries signed the NCA Communique, endorsing

• Implement natural capital accounting where there are internationally agreed statistical standards –the SEEA

• Develop methodology for the more difficult to measure natural capital – ecosystem services

• Demonstrate how NCA can support decision-making for sustainable development

Concept Note for follow-up drafted for NCA Initiative widespread, rapid rollout of SEEA

Major Partners and Related Initiatives

SEEA:– UNCEEA, Task force on Implementation of the SEEA

Ecosystem valuation and accounting– UK’s Natural Capital Committee, ESPA– UNEP: ProEcoServ, UNDP-UNEP Poverty Environment

Initiative– The Natural Capital Project– Resources for the Future – Center for the Mgmt of Ecological

Wealth– Beijer Institute-Duke University– UNCEEA Vol 2 of SEEA Experimental Accounts for EcosystemsLink with private sector initiatives– TEEB Business Coalition, TEEB Oceans and Coasts, etc.