Tracking and Positioning of Mobile Systems in Telecom Network
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Transcript of Tracking and Positioning of Mobile Systems in Telecom Network
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Tracking And Positioning Of Mobile Systems
In Telecommunication Networks
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Emergency service for subscriber safety.
Location sensitive billing.
Cellular Fraud detection.
Intelligent transport system services.
Efficient and effective network performance
and management.
NEED FOR TRACKING
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Configuration of a typical mobile telecommunication network.
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Whole service area is divided into several coverage areas known as a cell.Eacharea has a separate base station!"#$.
Every "# is provided with a fre%uency of range &'( to )(( *+,.
-he *-# controls the "#s so that the subscriber can continue his call without
interruption.
-racking the location within the boundary of a cell in a telecommunication network is
known as location based services. *obile -echnology includes mainly two functions namely call fi/ing and hands off
process.
Call fi/ing is process of connecting a call.
+ands off is changing the "# fre%uency of the user.
INTO!"CTION TO MO#I$% T%C&NO$O'(
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0 geolocation service provider provides
location information and location aware
sevices to subscribers.
-he service provider will contact the
location control center about the coordinates
of the mobile system !*#$.
-he location control center will gather
information re%uired to compute the *#1slocation.
-he service provider will then use this
information to visually display the *#1s
location to the subscriber.
-he subscriber can be the *# itself.
AC&IT%CT"% O) A '%O$OCATION S(ST%M
2ELC0-I3 #4#-E*
05C+I-EC-65E 78(#((9
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PSAP trying to answer an %*+,, call
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:.+03;#E- "0#E; *"ILE 0L *E-+;
?.;I#-03CE "0#E; 0L!-0$
?.= -I*E ;IFFE5E3CE F 055I>0L!-;0$
&. LC0-I3 -50C8I32 C65>E *E-+;
T%C&NO$O'I%S "S%! )O '%O$OCATION
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'$O#$% POSITIONIN' S(ST%M -'PS
-o locate the mobile telephone by
itself@ the mobile telephone is provided
with a 2
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-he navigational signals transmitted by 2
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#ince all of the satellite signals are modulated onto the same L: carrier fre%uency@there is a need to separate the signals after demodulation. ;emodulating and
;ecoding of 2
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6sing messages received from a minimum of four visible satellites@ a 2
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APP$ICATIONS O) 'PS
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AN'$% O) AI/A$ M%T&O!
-his method calculates the angle of arrival of
signal receiving at the "#. When a mobile user switches the system 3
it receives the signal from different base
stations@ may be ? or & or more. -he angle of
arrival method re%uires two or more base
station for the determination. It measures the direction of signal falling on
the base station and measures the angle of
incidence with respect to a normal and
determines the position of the system. 0ngle of arrival method is not an accurate
method used for the mobile positioning
because of its some disadvantages such asatmospheric particles@ scattering etc.
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;I#-03CE "0#E;
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;I#-03CE "0#E;
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$OCATION TAC0IN' C"/% M%T&O!
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-he location data processor draws two circles C: and C= with their respective
centers set at "#s -: and -= based on the -0s of a signal transmitted from
the corresponding mobile telephone *: or *= to the two "#s -: and -=
located near the mobile telephone *: or *=. -he two circles C: and C= define
a common chord L:.
-herefore@ we use location tracking curves -5: and -5= connecting the same
two intersection points
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!etermination of t1e location tracking cur2e
0ssuming that the first and the second "#s
-: and -= selected for use in the location
tracking are present at positions !/:@ y:$ and
!/=@ y=$@ respectively@ the location data
processor draws the two circles C: and C=
with the coordinates !/:@ y:$ and !/=@ y=$ of
the two "#s -: and -= at their centers -he curve connects the two points
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-he variances of the -0s of a signal which arrives at the two "#s -: and -= fromdifferent paths are used to find the curve on which the actual location of the mobile
telephone is determined.
-he location data processor compares the variances calculated by the first "# -:
with the variances calculated by the second "# -= and considers that the mobile
telephone is near to that "# with the larger variances and selects the "# with smaller
variances as a reference point to draw the reference circle. -he location data processor compares the variances calculated by the two "#s -:
and -= and selects the base station with smaller variances as a reference point to
draw the refer
If the selected variances !those of the second "# -=$ are K@ the location data
processor compares the selected variances K@ with the preset reference variances K
:@ K =@ and K ?.
-he location data processor selects the optimal curve !reference circle$ for the two
"#s among the several "#s@ and selects another optimal circle for another "# pair@
and so on.
eference circle selection
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)INA$ POSITIONIN' O) MO#I$%
When curves are selected for all
selected "# pairs@ the location data
processor obtains the intersection
points among the selected curves. 0s the selected curves do not intersect
at one point due to the multiApath fading
or the 3L# effects@ the midpoint of
these intersection points is determined
as the location of the mobile telephone. -he location data processor represents
the intersection points in the latitude
and the longitude coordinates andtransmits the position coordinates to the
network and the mobile telephone.
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ur proposal is advantageous in that the location of a mobile telephone can beaccurately tracked even in the multiApath fading and the 3L# environment@ by
using more accurate tracking curves connecting the intersection points among
circles.
We have described about accurate positioning of mobile telephones@ which can
be used for several applications.
-he important considerations to be undertaken while selecting a location based
technology are location accuracy@ implementation cost@ reliability@ increasing
functionality.
S"MMA(
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T&AN0 (O"