Towards Resilient Ecosystems: Restoring the Urban, the Rural and … · 2018. 12. 4. ·...

Anthropogenic landscape change: synthesis of the concepts and

quantification methods

André M.,

Vranken I., Mahy G., Visser, M., Bogaert J.

Towards Resilient Ecosystems: Restoring the Urban,

the Rural and the Wild

Tools for planning – O35.1

C. O

rtiz

Roja

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http

://buz

zly.fr

Arizo

na, U

SA

. A

ugus

t 16

, 2

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4 -

Wired

Thyssenkrupp

1/5 Introduction: anthropogenic disturbances

2

1/5 Introduction: description, measurement, representation

3

4

http://fo-sante.org, 17/08/2015

2/5 Objectives

1/5 Introduction: ecological restoration

5

6

EU Biodiversity Strategy, target 2:

« By 2020, ecosystems end their services are

maintained and enhanced by establishing green

infrastructure and restoring at least 15% of degraded

ecosystems. »


7

EU Biodiversity Strategy, target 2:

« By 2020, ecosystems end their services are

maintained and enhanced by establishing green

infrastructure and restoring at least 15% of degraded

ecosystems. »

European Commission Biodiversity Strategy Impact Assessment:

« Ecological restoration: The return of an ecosystem

to its original community structure, natural complement of

species and natural functions. »


2/5 Objectives 8

Sort the different concepts related to the anthropogenic changes

2/5 Objectives 9


1) What are the alternatives for an anthropised ecosystem or

landscape?

/ What are the different end points of a restoration process?

2/5 Objectives 10


1) What are the alternatives for an anthropised ecosystem or

landscape?

/ What are the different end points of a restoration process?

2) Measure the increase or decrease of anthropogenic effect

3/5 Reference concepts 11

Hem

ero

by Hemeroby:

Measure of the difference between a reference natural state

and an anthropised one


Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale


Naturalness:

state of the system when no human activity has influenced it


Naturalness:

state of the system when no human activity has influenced it

Reference state of naturalness

= departure point to measure anthropisation

= goal to achieve while restoring


Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale

European Commission Biodiversity Strategy Impact Assessment:

« Ecological restoration: The return of an ecosystem to its

original community structure, natural complement of species

and natural functions. »


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale Virtual

naturalness


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by


naturalness


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by


naturalness

Ecological succession


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale

Pote

ntia

l

na

tura

lness

Abiotic disturb.


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale

conservation


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by


naturalness

Ecological restoration


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale

Non-return


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale

Non-return

Anthropised

NOVEL


Original

naturalness

Hem

ero

by

Geologic time scale

Non-return

Global anthrop. effects

NOVEL H

em

ero

by

Geologic time scale



NOVEL

Geologic time scale

Hem

ero

by



NOVEL

Ecological succession

Geologic time scale

Hem

ero

by

Future

naturalness



Pote

ntia

l

na

tura

lness

Abiotic disturb.

NOVEL H

em

ero

by

Geologic time scale



NOVEL H

em

ero

by

Geologic time scale



Abiotic disturb.

Artificial (?) indigenous naturalness

NOVEL H

em

ero

by

Geologic time scale


Future

Abiotic disturb.


NOVEL


Hem

ero

by

4/5 Assessment variables 35

Drivers Pressures Responses feedbacks

Anthropogenic effect

Impacts States


Population

Human

presence



Economy

Impacts States

VARIABLES


Population

Infrastructures

Disturbance type

Human

presence

Anthropic

activities



Economy

Impacts States

VARIABLES


Population

Infrastructures

Disturbance type

Land use/cover

Biotope

Human

presence

Anthropic

activities

Anthropised

Novel ecosystem



Economy

Impacts States

VARIABLES


Population

Infrastructures

Disturbance type

Land use/cover

Biotope Biocoenosis

Human

presence

Anthropic

activities

Anthropised

Novel ecosystem

Biocoenosis

disturbances



Economy

Impacts States

VARIABLES


Population

Infrastructures

Disturbance type

Land use/cover

Biotope Biocoenosis

Ecological restoration,

Conservative management

Human

presence

Anthropic

activities

Anthropised

Novel ecosystem

Biocoenosis

disturbances



Economy

Impacts States

VARIABLES

4/5 Representation methods

Simple measures

41

Composite indexes

Hemeroby scales

Qualitative data

5/5 Take home message H

em

ero

by

Original Virtual

Pote

ntia

l

Pote

ntia

l

Hem

ero

by


Anthropised

Future

Abiotic disturb.

Virtual

? ? ?

Geologic time scale

?


5/5 An attempt to map the hemeroby of a

landscape…

André, M.*, Vranken, I.*, Boisson, S., Mahy, G., Rüdisser, J., Visser, M., Lejeune, P., &

Bogaert, J. (in press) Quantification of anthropogenic effects in the landscape of

Lubumbashi. In G. Mahy, G. Colinet, & J. Bogaert (eds.) Anthropisation au Katanga.

Gembloux: Presses Universitaires de Gembloux

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Towards Resilient Ecosystems: Restoring the Urban, the Rural and … · 2018. 12. 4. ·...

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