High-throughput Biological Data The data deluge and bioinformatics algorithms
Towards high throughput analysis of carbon fluxes in biological
Transcript of Towards high throughput analysis of carbon fluxes in biological
North Eastern European Biomass Agenda 2020
International Workshop
New Biomass Product Lines: Biochar and Hemp
25. – 26. April 2013
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Partner
N. I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry
Agrophysical Research Institute
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Workshop Program
Wednesday, 24.04.2013
Thursday 25.04.2013
09:00 – 10:00 Arrival
10:00 – 10:15 Welcome address and introduction to the Workshop. Dr. Ljudmila Borisenko
10:15 – 10:40 Introduction to the N. I. Vavilov Institute for Plant Industry. Dr. Sergey V. Grigoryev,
Dr. Tatiana V. Shelenga
10:40 – 11:05 Introduction to the Agrophysical Research Institute (ARI). Dr. Natalya Buchkina
11:05 – 11:30 Introduction to the ATB Leibniz Institute. Dr. Jürgen Kern
11:30 – 12:00 Coffee Break
12:00 – 13:00 Visit to N. I. Vavilov's Memorial Museum and the Gene Bank of the Institute
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch
14:00 – 17:30 Parallel Session l 14:00 – 17:30 Parallel Session ll
Biomass Product Line: Hemp
Chair: Dr. Sergey V. Grigoryev,
Dr. Hans-Jörg Gusovius
Biomass Product Line: Biochar
Chair: Dr. Natalya Buchkina and
Dr. Jürgen Kern
19:00 Dinner for all participants of the Workshop at the Mamaliga Restaurant,
Kazanskaya street 2 (http://www.mamaliga-mamaliga.com)
Friday, 26.04.2013
10:00 – 13:00 Parallel Session lll 10:00 – 13:00 Parallel Session lV
Round table of the Hemp Group at the N.I.
Vavilov Institute. Discussion of the mutual
projects and funding.
Round table of the Biochar Group at the
Agrophysical Research Institute (ARI). Discussion
of the mutual projects and funding.
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch
14:00 Closing of the workshop, Departure/Free time
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
List of Participants
Antonov, Dmitrij, SachsenLeinen GmbH, Germany
Balashov, Evgeny, Agrophysical Research Institute, Russia
Belinetc, Anastasiia, Agrophysical Research Institute, Russia
Borisenko, Ljudmila, pearls – Potsdam Research Network, Germany
Brückner, Torsten, SachsenLeinen GmbH, Germany
Buchkina, Natalya, Agrophysical Research Institute, Russia
Budde, Jörn, Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e. V., Germany
Fischer, Holger, Faserinstitut Bremen, Germany
Grigoryev, Sergey V., N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, Russia
Gusovius, Hans-Jörg, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e. V.,
Germany
Heller, Krzysztof, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Poland
Kern, Jürgen, Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e. V., Germany
Kihlberg, Tor, Uppsala University, Sweden
Krebs, Jonas, pearls – Potsdam Research Network, Germany
Laizans, Talis, Latvian Industrial Hemp Association, Latvia
Libra, Judy, Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e. V., Germany
Mukhina, Irina, Agrophysical Research Institute, Russia
Prade, Thomas, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
Prill, Melek Akca, pearls – Potsdam Research Network, Germany
Raave, Henn, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia
Rizhiya, Elena, Agrophysical Research Institute, Russia
Shelenga, Tatiana V., N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, Russia
Silvennoinen, Hanna, Bioforsk, Norway
von Stackelberg, Burkhard, SmartCarbon AG, Germany
Steinberg, Christian, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
Stezenko, Birgit, Kranemann GmbH, Germany
Tiilikkala, Kari, MTT - Agrifood Research Finland, Finland
Tjiok, Dave, SmartCarbon AG, Germany
Tonutare, Tonu, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dmitrij Antonov
SachsenLeinen GmbH
Ebersbacher Straße 1
08396 Waldenburg, Germany
Phone: +49 172 3653632
Fax: +49 3763 404747-16
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Processing of fiber crops for technical and textile applications.
Vitae
Dmitrij Antonov was born in 1964 in Severodvinsk, Russia. He studied fiber technology
at the Leningrad Institute of Textile and Light Industry. Thereafter he worked on textile
products in Mogilev/Belarus. In 1996 he moved to Germany. In 2001 started the
cooperation with Sachsenleinen GmbH in function as a representative for Russia and
Belarus. The main area of SachsenLeinen GmbH is located in production and selling of
natural fibers and development of new technologies in planting, harvesting, processing
of fiberplants as well as product of natural fibers.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Evgeny Balashov
Agrophysical Research Institute
14 Grazhdansky Prospekt
St. Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Phone: +78125341089
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Greenhouse gas emissions, soil quality indicators, fertilizer and biochar application,
DNDC model.
Vitae
Evgeny Balashov was born in Leningrad (Russia) and received his MSc from the
Leningrad State University. In 1990 he obtained PhD at the Agrophysical Research
Institute working on water regime of plants. He continued his research in the field of
soil compaction and deformation. Later his research activities were focused on studies
of black carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, soil compaction, water-stable aggregation,
and soil microbial properties as related to soil land use, management and fertilisation.
These studies were fulfilled at the home institute and research institutions in Germany,
the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Slovakia, and Czech Republic. His current scientific
interests are mainly focused on direct measurements and modelling of greenhouse gas
emissions from soils amended with nitrogen fertilisers, farmyard manure and biochar.
Since 2006 he is a head of department of soil physics, physical chemistry and
biophysics. He is now a member of the Russian Society of Soil Scientists, Soil Tillage
Research Organisation (ISTRO) and Editorial Board of the “International Agrophysics”
journal.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Anastasiia Belinetc
Agrophysical Research Institute
14 Grazhdansky Prospect
St. Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Phone: +7 (812) 534 1089
FAX: +7 (812) 534 1900
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Soil management, soil biological properties in relation to sustainable land use.
Vitae
Anastasiia Belinets has a BSc degree in Agrochemistry and Ecology and is a M.Sc.
student at the St. Petersburg State University. She is also a part-time researcher at the
Agrophysical Research Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory
of Soil Biophysics where her research word is related to studying the effect of biochar
application on soil parameters and greenhouse gas emission.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Ljudmila Borisenko
Pearls – Potsdam Research Network
Am Mühlenberg 11
14476 Potsdam, Germany
Phone: +49 331 96 79 59 46
FAX: +49 331 96 79 59 59
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Scientific: Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Protein Crystallography, Protein
Degradation, Proteasome Inhibitors
Organisational: Scientific coordination of large and small scale research consortiums,
funding of research projects, international research cooperation, international
educational projects, coordination of educational and scientific bi- and multinational
programs
Vitae
Dr. Ljudmila Borissenko received her M.Sc. in Biology from the University of Saint-
Petersburg (Russia) and worked for her PhD at the Biochemistry Institute of the
University of Göttingen, where she investigated the molecular background of the rare
hereditary diseases. She worked as a Postdoc in the field of protein crystallography and
protein degradation at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the Charité
University Hospital in Berlin. In 2009 she received the M.Sc. in Science Communication
and Marketing at the Technical University of Berlin, and started working as a Scientific
Coordinator and Manager for International Cooperations at the University of Potsdam
and pearls-Potsdam Research Network. Dr. Ljudmila Borisenko is coordinating, among
other projects, the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the German-Turkish University in
Istanbul, the joint initiative of the governments of Turkey and Germany.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Torsten Brückner
SachsenLeinen GmbH
EbersbacherStraße 1
08396 Waldenburg, Germany
Phone: +49 172 7901883
Fax: +49 3763 404747 16
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Agronomy, harvest and processing of fiber crops for technical applications.
Vitae
Torsten Brückner, born in 1965, graduated from the Martin-Luther-University in
Halle/Wittenberg with a degree in agronomy. Afterwards, in 1995, he started to work
on “Sachsen-Leinen e. V.”, a non profit organisation for fiber plants and natural fiber in
Germany. Main area of SachsenLeinen is located in R&D for planting, harvesting,
processing of fiber plants and development for products of natural fibers.
Torsten Brückner is a honorary board member of the “German Natural Fiber
Association” (DNV).
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Natalya Buchkina
Agrophysical Research Institute
14 Grazhdansky Prospect
St. Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Phone: +7 (812) 534 10 89
FAX: +7 (812) 534 19 00
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Soil management, greenhouse gas emission, soil physical parameters, sustainable land
use.
Vitae
Dr. Natalya Buchkina has a position of a leading research scientist at the laboratory of
soil biophysics. She has received her M.Sc. degree in soil science at the Leningrad
University and her PhD degree at the Agrophysical Research Institute. She had several
postdoc projects studying greenhouse gas emission from peat soils (Edinburgh
University, UK), the effect of nitrification inhibitors on greenhouse gas emission from
soils (Alterra, the Netherlands) and the effect of soil tillage on soil physical properties
and greenhouse gas emission (Kiel, Germany). Dr. Natalya Buchkina has initiated
several joint research projects between the Agrophysical Research Institute and other
Institutions of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences studying the effects of
fertilizers, manures, crops, and soil tillage on N2O emission from arable soils in Central
and North-Western Russia. She also had several International grants supporting
projects in the same research area as well as in biochar studies.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dipl.-Ing. Jörn Budde
Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering
Potsdam-Bornim e. V.
Department of Post Harvest Technology
Max-Eyth-Allee 100
14469 Potsdam, Germany
Phone: +49 331 5699 315
FAX: +49 331 5699 849
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Harvest and wet preservation of hemp, pretreatment technologies, conditioning and
processing of (preserved) natural fibers, process engineering, process development for
selective extraction of seed from specialized crops, biogas, biogas plant techniques
Vitae
I am working as a scientist and mechanical engineer in the Department of Postharvest
Technology at the Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering (ATB) in the field of
material and energetic use of biomass. Currently, my research focuses on the process
development for selective extraction of seed from specialized crops and on
conditioning and processing natural fibers, in particular from hemp (cannabis sativa).
My work within the EU project “EU-AgroBiogas” was directed at the improvement of
agricultural biogas plants.
A special research interest of mine is to find new or unexplored ways of material and
energetic use to make products from fibers of domestic plants competitive.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Holger Fischer
Faserinstitut Bremen e. V.
Am Biologischen Garten 2 / IW3
28359 Bremen, Germany
Phone: +49-421 218 58 661
FAX: +49-421 218 58 710
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Natural fibres, fibre surface modification, enzymes, fibre characterisation, natural fibre
reinforced composites, biocomposites.
Vitae
Dr. Holger Fischer, born in 1961, is chemist. He studied at the University of Bremen
(Diploma Thesis: 1990; Ph.D. Thesis: 1994). Since 1997 he is working at the Faserinstitut
Bremen e. V. — FIBRE —, Bremen, Germany in the area of renewable resources and
sustainability. As Senior Research Fellow he is engaged in the fields of enzymatic fibre
modification, fibre characterisation, natural fibres, fibre surface modification, natural
fibre-reinforced composites and biocomposites. He is member of several scientific
councils and member of the European Technology Platform for the Future of Textiles
and Clothing (TEG 5).
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Sergey V. Grigoryev
N. I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry
Industrial Crop Dept. B. Morskaia 42-44
St. Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Phone: +7 921 557 38 78
FAX: +7 812 311 87 62
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Biology of Cannabis habitat, Cannabis germplasm collection, evaluation, breeding and
reintroduction.
Vitae
Dr. Sergey Grigoryev is Leading Researcher of Department of Spinning and Oil Crops at
N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry (VIR) in St. Petersburg, Russia. He has over 15
years research & development experience in the areas of Cannabis germplasm
collecting, evaluation and breeding. Dr. Grigoryev is also cotton researcher and breeder
in Astrakhan Experimental Station, Astrakhan region, Russia. His research interests
include Cannabis traits and donor collections, keeping genetic diversity and integrity of
ex situ Cannabis germplasm for crop breeding improvement. As well in the focus of his
research concurrent production hemp and cotton in Russia and Gossypium hirsutum
germplasm evaluation and breeding. Over the past five years, Dr. Grigoryev and his
working team have developed six internationally recognized cultivars of industrial hemp
an upland cotton. 85 articles in Russian, Uzbek, English, Finnish, French, Portuguese
have been published.
BS Diploma in Agronomics Moscow Agricultural Academy, Moscow, USSR, 1986; Ph.D. Diploma in Agriculture, The Supreme Attestation Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Council Research Institute of Cotton Breeding, Uzbekistan, 1995; Ph.D. Diploma in Agriculture, The Supreme Attestation Committee of Russian Federation on the application of the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry, Moscow, Russia, 1997
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Hans-Jörg Gusovius
Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering
Potsdam-Bornim e. V.
Department of Post Harvest Technology
Max-Eyth-Allee 100
14469 Potsdam-Bornim, Germany
Phone: +49 331 5699 316
Fax: +49 331 5699 849
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Agronomy, harvest and processing of fiber crops for technical applications
Vitae
Dr. Hans-Joerg Gusovius, born 1971, has served a dual apprenticeship as agronomist in
East German agriculture including the baccalaureate till 1990. After finishing the
academic studies in agriculture at Humboldt-University in Berlin he has done a
doctorate at same place from 1997 to 2001. Related research was dealing with
assessment of harvesting technologies for fiber hemp in terms of weather related
procedure risk and product quality. That followed he was scientific co-worker at
Technical University of Cottbus till 2007. Main areas of R&D are located in the area of
harvesting and processing technologies for bast fibre plants as well as their quality
assessment and their utilization. Since November 2007 Dr. Gusovius is member of staff
at Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim.
Dr. Gusovius is a honorary board member of German Natural Fiber Association (DNV).
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Prof. Dr. Krzysztof Heller
Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants
ul. Wojska Polskiego 71 B
60-630 Poznań, Poland
Phone: (48-61) 845 58 66
FAX: (48-61) 841 78 30
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Bast fibrous plants, breeding, agronomy, fibre flax, hemp
Vitae
Krzysztof Heller, Prof. Dr. Agricultural engineer, professor in crop breeding and
agronomy. He has been involved in several projects such as: 1) creative and
maintenance plant breeding, 2) cultivation technologies of bastfibre crops, 3)
ontogenesis of plants, 4) agrophages populations, 5) biological evaluation of herbicides,
insecticides and growth regulators in fibrous crops cultivation, 6) organic fibrous crop
growing, 7) training agronomic extension service staff and farmers in terms of
agronomy of flax and hemp.
Involved in FP6 projects: EUROCROP (Agricultural Research for Improving Arable Crop
Competitiveness, SSPE-CT-2006-022757), FLEXIFUNBAR [Multifunctional Barriers for
Flexible Structures (textiles, leather, paper), NMP2-CT-2004-505864] and FP7 projects:
4FCROPS (Future Crops for Food, Feed, Fiber and Fuel - 212811), CROPS2INDUSTRY
(Non-food Crops-to-Industry schemes in EU27, 227299), FIBRA (Fibre Crops as a
sustainable source of biobased material for industrial products in Europe and China.
Author of over 80 publications.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Jürgen Kern
Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering
Potsdam-Bornim e. V., Bioengineering
Max-Eyth-Allee 100
14469 Potsdam-Bornim, Germany
Phone: +49 (0) 331 56 99 123
FAX: +49 (0) 331 56 99 849
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Biomass conversion, biochar, greenhouse gases, carbon stability, soil quality
Vitae
Jürgen Kern is biologist and senior scientist in the department Bioengineering at ATB
since 1994. In 2011 he became the head of the research field “Material and energetic
use of biomass” one of four research programs established at ATB.
The focus is on a better understanding of microbiological and biogeochemical processes
in the context of sustainable resource management including the upgrading of biomass
and organic waste materials. One example is the research on biochar, which is
considered as an innovative material for both, improving the soil quality of agricultural
land and long-term sequestration of CO2. Main research topics are the stability of chars
and their properties to adsorb greenhouse gases such as N2O.
Jürgen Kern belongs to the Steering Committee of the EU COST Action “Biochar as
option for sustainable resource management”. Selected publications on biochar:
o Libra JA, Ro KS, Kammann C, Funke A, Berge ND, Neubauer Y, Titirici MM, Fühner C, Bens O, Kern J, Emmerich KH (2011) Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: A comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis. Biofuels 2 (1): 71-106.
o Chakrabarti S, Kern J, Menzel R, Steinberg CEW (2011) Selected Natural humic materials induce and char substrates repress a gene in Caenorhabditiselegans homolog to human anticancer P53. Annals of Environmental Science 5: 1-6.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Tor Kihlberg
Uppsala University
Valhallagatan 14
75334 Uppsala, Sweden
Phone: +46(0)764271275
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Organic chemistry, biochar, Apparatus development, global environmental- and
sustainable issues, gardening.
Vitae
Current position: Entrepreneur, working with the newly started company:
Carboinventus AB, with research projects, consultation and lecturing in the area of
sustainable development with special focus on biochar. Previous positions, 2010-2012:
Uppsala University, department of geoscience, as researcher on biochar. 2002-2010: GE
Healthcare, researcher in radiopharmaceutical organic chemistry including, supervision
of Ph.D. students (5), invention of automated synthesis apparatus (17 patents and
patent applications) and pharmaceutical industry contract research.
Graduation in chemistry: 1988. Ph.D. in organic chemistry: 1994. Associate professor:
2003. Articles, where I was in charge: 8.Articles, where I had a great influence but was
not in charge: 18.Book chapters, where I had a great influence but was not in charge:
2.Other publications: more than 50. Interviews: in local newspapers about biochar and
environmental issues: 4. In radio: 3.
For me biochar is not a techno fix but an entrance to sustainable system solutions.
Research interests: charcoal as biofuel to facilitate biochar infrastructure. Stacking
multiple functions and values of biochar for economical feasibility. Agronomical field
trials. Relations to peak oil and global climate change.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Talis Laizans
Latvian Industrial Hemp Association
Kalnciema Street 6
Riga, LV 1048, Latvia
Phone: +371 2945 9728
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Natural fibre materials, eco-materials, sustainable economics, project management,
finance
Vitae
Current position: Researcher and project manager - “Latgale Agriculture Research
Centre” Latvia (FP7-KBBE-2012 “Multi Hemp” project);
Associate professor – Riga Technical University Faculty of Engineering Economics;
Vice-chairman – Latvian Industrial Hemp Association.
Academic career
o Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Civil Engineering, Department of Road and Bridge Construction, Riga Technical University (1980).
o Master of Science in Economics, Latvia University (1998). o Researcher in finance, Riga Technical University (2004-2010). o Assoc. Prof. in Financial Markets and Corporate Finance, Riga Technical University
(2010 – to date)
Memberships
Latvian Industrial Hemp Association, vice-chairman, (2010-to date), Latvian Financial
Accounting Standards Technical Committee, Chairperson, Board Member, (1999-2003),
Toronto International Leadership Centre for Financial Sector Supervision and Crisis
Management, Associate, (1999-2005), Associated editor, “Finanses” (“Finance”,
monthly magazine in Latvian), (2004-2006).
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Judy Libra
Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering
Potsdam-Bornim e. V.
Technology Assessment and Substance Cycles
Max-Eyth-Allee 100
14469 Potsdam-Bornim, Germany
Phone: +49(0)331 5699 215
FAX: +49(0)331 5699 849
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals, water demand for biomass
production, material flow management, chemical and biological treatment of water.
Vitae
Since joining ATB in the `AgroHyd´ Project in 2011, I have focused on how we can
estimate the effect of the growing global food demand on local water use for
agricultural production. My interest in biochar stems from its possible influence on
water and nutrient retention in soils, as well as from the potential use of hydrothermal
carbonization as a treatment process for organic wastes. I started my career as a
chemical engineer in the petrochemical industry before getting my Ph.D. in Civil and
Environmental Engineering (UCLA), and researching and teaching (Technical University
Berlin, Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus) in environmental management and
wastewater treatment processes. My previous work experience also includes positions
at the German Federal Environment Agency and the German Academy of Science and
Engineering (acatech), with a focus on sustainable management of water resources
under the conditions of global change.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Irina Mukhina
Agrophysical Research Institute
14 Grazhdansky prospect
St. Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Phone: +7 (812) 534 1089
FAX: +7 (812) 534 1900
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Greenhouse gas emission, biochar, soil management, soil physical parameters.
Vitae
Irina Mukhina has a position of an engineer at the laboratory of soil biophysics. She has
received her BSc. degree in Ecology and Nature Management at the Russian State
Hydrometeorological University. Now she continues her studies on MSc. degree in
Ecology and Nature Management program at the Russian State Hydrometeorological
University. During the period of education she had several internships: to The Czech
Republic where she studied Ecotoxicology and Radiology, to Armenia where she studied
features of local landscape and hydrology and to Slovakia where she studied
Agroecology. In the research project at the Agrophysical Research Institution she
investigated influence of biochar on chemical, physical and biological soil properties
and carbon dioxide emission from soils. Now she takes part in the research project at
the Agrophysical Research Institute in which processes of nitrification and
denitrification in soils are being studied.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Thomas Prade
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Department of Biosystems and Technology
23053 Alnarp, Sweden
Phone: +46-40-415157
Cell: +46-709-312371
FAX: +46-40-462272
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Systems analysis; energy crops; nutrient recycling; food-feed-energy integration
Vitae
I am a biotechnologist from the Technical University, Braunschweig, Germany. I did my
PhD at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, and am currently
employed there as a post-doc. Current and recent research projects include:
o Ley crops as biogas substrate on both marginal and productive land o Techno-economic assessments of biomass production chains o Assessment of crop rotations in terms of soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions o Assessment of environmental and economic impact of energy crop production and
subsequent biogas conversion o Fibre plants for production of dissolving-cellulose and by-products o Energy crops as solid fuel Prade T., Svensson S.-E., Mattsson J. E., Carlsson G., Björnsson L., Börjesson P. and Lantz M. (2013) EU sustainability criteria for biofuels potentially restrict ley crop production on marginal land for use as biogas substrate. Accepted for publication in Grassland Science in Europe 18.
Prade T, Svensson S-E, Mattsson JE. Energy balances for biogas and solid biofuel production from industrial hemp. Biomass & Bioenergy 2012; 40:36-52.
Prade T. Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) – a High-Yielding Energy Crop. Alnarp, Sweden: Department of Agrosystems, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2011. 93 p. [doctoral thesis]
Prade T, Svensson S-E, Andersson A, Mattsson JE. Biomass and energy yield of industrial hemp grown for biogas and solid fuel. Biomass & Bioenergy 2011; 35(7): 3040-9.
Kreuger, E., T. Prade, et al. (2011). "Anaerobic digestion of industrial hemp–Effect of harvest time on methane energy yield per hectare. Biomass & Bioenergy 2011; 35(2): 893-900.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Melek Akça Prill
University of Potsdam
Pearls - Potsdam Research Network
Am Mühlenberg 11
14474 Potsdam - Golm, Germany
Phone: +49(0)331 9679 5946
Fax: +49(0)331 9679 5959
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
European Studies, Energy Security and External Energy Relations of Turkey, Biomass
energy in Turkey, International Cooperation
Vitae
I got my Bachelor of Science degree in Economics in 2007 from the Maltepe University,
Istanbul. In 2009, I received my double-degree Master of Arts (M.A.) in European
Studies from the Istanbul Bilgi University (Turkey) and in European-University of
Viadrina, Frankfurt Oder (Germany). After my internships in German Parliament and in
Brandenburg State Parliament, I have started my doctorate studies in Free University
Berlin, with Prof. Dr. Elmar Altvater’s mentorship. In my Ph.D. thesis, titled, “The Energy
Security of Turkey in the field of Renewable Energy - Biomass”, I am going to examine
how the development of bioenergy in Turkey will diminish Turkey’s energy dependence
and with which rural- and regional conflicts will Turkey face with.
Recently, I am working in Pearls – Potsdam Research Network, as Assistant Coordinator
for the Turkish-German University. Additionally, I am a part-time fellow Institute for
Ecological Economy Research IÖW) for the project “RAdOst – Regional Adaptation
Strategies for the German Baltic Sea Cost”.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Henn Raave
Estonian University of Life Sciences
Ringtee 3-11 Törvandi
61715 Tartumaa, Estonia
Phone: +372 425 086
FAX: +372 425 082
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Grassland management, energy hay production, nutrient leaching.
Vitae
2001 – 1986 Estonian Agricultural University, agronomy, 1990 – 1995 Postgraduate student, Estonian Agricultural University, 1999 Dr. in agriculture. Thesis: “Botanical composition and yield dynamics
and herbage utilization of grazedpure-sown grasses stands and grass white clover binary mixtures on gleyed podzolized loamy sand soil, Estonian University of Life Sciences”
2008 – present Researcher; Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Field Crop Husbandry
1995 – 2008 Researcher, Department of Grassland Science and Botany, Estonian Agricultural University
1986 – 1989 Agronomist, Tuudi farm
Major grants & projects
1) Alternative fertilizers environment-saving utilization opportunities and efficiency in conventional and organic farming in comparison with traditional organic and mineral fertilizers, 2) Diversity, integrity and sustainability of agroecosystems, 3) The agricultural crops utilization for burning and biogas production; assortment and agrotechnology, 4) The relationships between nutrient cycling and grassland phytoproductivity depending on stand composition, defoliation frequency and fertilizer application, 5) The reasons and indicator parameters of phytotoxicity of oil shale semi-coke and plant growth substrates produced from it.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Elena Rizhiya
Agrophysical Research Institute
Grazhdanskiy pr., 14
St. Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Phone: +78125341089
FAX: +78125341900
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Soil biological activity, greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soils in relation to
sustainable land use and soil quality, biochar impact on soil properties and nitrous
oxide emission from agricultural soils.
Vitae
Ph.D., senior research scientist, Agrophysical Research Institute of Russian Academy of
Agricultural Sciences, Lab. of Soil Biophysics.
Dr. Elena Rizhiya has received her MSc degree at St. Petersburg State University, Faculty
of Biology and Soil Science in 1996, PhD degree (soil science) at the Agrophysical
Research Institute in 2002. The list of her latest academic qualification includes: (2012-
2016) Non-COST country membership in the COST Action TD 1107 “Biochar as option
for sustainable resource management”, (2008-2010) Non-COST country membership in
the COST 636 Action “Greenhouse gas budget of soils under changing climate and land
use”. She also had several International grants supporting projects in the same research
area. Her teaching activity is connected with supervision of BSc and MSc projects of
students in soil science and ecology. The main subject she has been working at lately
was N2O emission from soils in the North-Western part of Russia. She studied the
effects of soil tillage, application of biochar and different N-fertilizers as well as organic
and green manures to arable soils, the influence of grazing, crops, and earthworm
activity on N2O emission from agricultural soils.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Tatiana V. Shelenga
Department of Biochemistry, N.I. Vavilov
Research Institute of Plant Industry
Bolshaya Morskaya Str. 42
St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
Phone: +7 (812) 315 5796
FAX: +7 (812) 311 8762
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Quality evaluation (storage protein (prolamins), analysis of oil, protein, starch, sugar
content, lipid fractions, fatty acids, biologically active substances) of plant facilities (fruit
and berry cultures, leguminous, forage, oil and industrial crops).
Vitae
2011 – present Senior Researcher, Dept. of Biochemistry & Molecular biology, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry.
2000 – 2011 Researcher, Dept. of Biochemistry & Molecular biology, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry.
2006 PhD thesis in Biology: «Analyze of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) accessions (from N.I. Vavilov institute collection) containing the endophyte fungi of genus Neotyphodium (=Acremonium).»
1997 – 2000 Senior Epidemiologist, Leningrad Region Clinical Children Hospital
1989 – 1996 Student, Faculty of Prophylactic Medicine, St. Petersburg State Medical Academy
o Biochemical Characteristics of Hemp Seeds from Various Regions of Russia S. V. Grigor’ev, T. V.
Shelenga, V. S. Baturinb, and Yu. V. Saranab Russian Agricultural sciences Vol. 36 No. 4 2010, р 262-263,
o Keeping genetic diversity of ex situ cannabis germplasm for crop breeding improvement. (t). Sergey V. Grigoryev Ph.D., Tatiana V. Shelenga Ph.D., Ksenia V. Illarionova Ph.D. and Larissa V. BagmetPh.D.Material of 9th International Conference of the European Industrial Hemp Association May 23th-24th 2012, Germany.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Hanna Silvennoinen
Bioforsk - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and
Environmental Research Saghellinga A, Frederik
A. Dahlsvei, 20 1432 Ås, Norway
Phone: +47 9201 2259
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Biogeochemisty, microbial ecology, greenhouse gases, stable isotopes
Vitae
I am currently a researcher at Bioforsk. I have a PhD in Environmental Sciences from
the University of Kuopio (Currently university of Eastern Finland). During my career I
have published (as a first or co-author) eight peer reviewed articles. I am a Norwegian
representative in a COST Action SIBAE (on stable isotopes), and currently I coordinate
three international projects (one of which is directly related to biochar studies).
Bioforsk, the Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, is a
research and development (R&D) institute under the Norwegian Ministry of
Agriculture and Food. Bioforsk conducts research and development projects in
Europe, Asia, Latin America, and has state of the art laboratories for analyses of soil
C, climate gases and soil organisms. Bioforskcenters it’s research around the stability
of biochar C, biochar mediated remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, and
the use of biochar to recycle nutrients from human urine. Bioforsk has started a
virtual biochar competence center as part of the INTERREG IV project: Biochar
Climate Saving Soils (www.bioforsk.no/biochar).
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Burkhard von Stackelberg
SmartCarbon AG
Teckstr. 25
71131 Jettingen, Germany
Phone: +49 7452 88 28 66
FAX: +49 7452 88 28 67
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Head of process optimization; project coordination research and development with
universities and research institutions; research and development (engineering
development / bio-carbon products and liquid nutrients)
Vitae
o PhD regarding neuronal networks
o Involvement in the development of energy-optimized cooling systems and ultrasonic sound systems, manufacturing engineering and simulations of thermodynamic systems.
o Contribution to several patented developments regarding brazing and soldering processes and for mechanical deformation techniques
o Involvement in a variety of industrial projects in the automotive supplier branch
o Involvement in industrial projects regarding heat conduction and evaluation software development at the Fraunhofer-Institut
o Several stunning break-throughs regarding image processing and material science developments at the edevis GmbH
o Scientific consultant for biofuel production
o Co-Founder of Addlogic Labs GmbH, a company dedicated to implement up-cycling environmental technologies
o Development of several worldwide patented key technologies for heat storage and transfer.
o Volunteer work in Guatemala and Indonesia regarding environmental education and applied research
o Voluntary activities in environmental education for children and young students
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Prof. Dr. Christian E.W. Steinberg
Laboratory of Freshwater & Stress Ecology
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Arboretum, Späthstraße 80/81
12347 Berlin, Germany
Phone: +49(0)30 63224715
Fax: +49 (0)30 636 9446
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Limnology; Stress Ecology; Humic Substances; Biochars; Ecotoxicology
Physiological and molecular-biological biomarkers and responses to natural and
manmade chemical stress; effect evaluation of multiple exposure; alteration of adverse
effects by aquatic humic substances; development of stress defense mechanisms;
hormesis effects; and longevity, multiple stress resistance, transgenerational stress
resistance
Vitae
From July 95 chairholder of Freshwater Ecology at the Humboldt University, Berlin
From Jan. 1995 to Jun. 2005 Director of the Leibniz Institute of Freshwater and Inland
Fisheries, Berlin
1990 to 1994 GSF (National Laboratory of Environment and Health, Munich) – Institute
of Ecological Chemistry, Vice Director and Head of the Department of “Biotic
Remediation” and “Aquatic Ecotoxicology”
11/89 to 7/90 Fraunhofer Institute of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
(Schmallenberg), Head of the Department of Applied Ecology
9/75 to 10/89 Bavarian Water Board Munich, Head of the Limnological Department
Visiting professorships in Salzburg (4x), Wuhan (PR China) 2005-2009, Rio de Janeiro
2006, 2008, Kunming (PR China) 2009.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Birgit Stezenko
Kranemann GmbH, Hof 2
17194 Klocksin, Germany
Phone: +49(0)39933 71908
Fax: +49(0)39933 71910
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Our company is offering innovative machinery and systems, especially for special crops
and fruit harvesting and processing.
Vitae
Birgit Stezenko graduated from the National Taras-Schewtschenko University in Kiew /
Ukraine. After finishing her studies there in 1974 she was employed in a holding
company for agricultural engineering (KGT) in East-Berlin and responsible for
international relations and trade fairs, especially for Eastern Europe. Since the
foundation of the Kranemann GmbH in 1991 she has been operating in the
management and also in the marketing section of that company.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Kari Tiilikkala
MTT Plant Production Research
FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
Phone: +358 400 986172
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Plant protection, IPM, climate change, pyrolysis, botanical pesticides, biochar
Vitae
Current position: Principal Research Scientist, Project Leader, PhD
Education: Dr. Sc. Agr. For.
Background: Integrated pest management research since 1978 focused on biological
control, IPM and organic farming. Many projects producing information for PRA and
impacts of climate change on pest risks.
Leader of IPM projects in Egypt 1991 – 2013. Member of EFSA Plant Health Panel 2006-
2009. Head of Plant Protection Institute in MTT 2000-2006. 36 refereed publications
and 285 other publications, one commercialized patent on use of pyrolysis products.
At the present leading R&D projects which are part of two MTT programs:
1) Environmentally friendly agriculture; productive agriculture in a clean environment
2) Smartly from renewable resources; efficiency to systems and utilization of by–
product flows.
In the workshop MTT will suggest development and testing of biochar based filtering
techniques as a new biomass research line and topic for collaboration in the future.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dave Tjiok
SmartCarbon AG
Teckstr. 25
71131 Jettingen, Germany
Phone: +49 7452 88 28 66
FAX: +49 7452 88 28 67
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Member of the board, responsible for technology, research and development, strategic
business development of SmartCarbon AG, cooperation management regarding
technology and product development, applied product development, coordination of
research and development programs
Vitae
o University studies of Engineering and chemistry at Stuttgart and Karlsruhe,
o Founder of the Science Initiative THINKenergy
o Co-Founder of Addlogic Labs GmbH
o Development of new innovative glues based on the principles of "cradle-to-cradle" out of low-grade plastics
o Participation/Conduction/Management in several research and development projects regarding the development and implementation of novel recycling technologies in Germany and Southeast Asia.
o co-inventor of several medical technologies and treatments
o co-inventor of novel waste water processing treatments
o research and development of new biogas plant concepts, development of self-sustaining social business concepts /models
o In the companies Addlogic Labs GmbH as well as SmartCarbon AG he was crucial in the development of several worldwide patented key technologies for heat storage and transfer.
o prize winner at the science competition "Jugend forscht" for young academics
o prize winner at the international inventors competition
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Dr. Tõnu Tõnutare
Estonian University of Life Sciences
Puiestee 24-2
Luunja, 62222, Estonia
Phone: +37 2511 29 85
FAX: +372 7313 539
E-mail: [email protected]
Fields of Expertise
Agriculture, soil chemistry, organic soils, greenhouse gases, laboratory analyses,
analytical equipment.
Vitae
I graduate the Tartu University in 1989 and got the diploma by speciality of analytical
chemistry. From 1989 to 1995 I was working in the department of Analytical Chemistry
of Tartu University. From 1995 up to today I am working in the Estonian University of
Life Sciences in the department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry. From 2008 I started
PhD studies in same university. My current position involved the role of Head of
laboratory of Soil Science and Agrochemistry department.
The main focus of my research is the soil chemistry (total and plant available ions and
elements, spectrometric and chromatographic methods), organic matter in soil (organic
compounds and emission of greenhouse gases, FTIR, pyrolythic and chromatographic
methods), plant chemistry (total elements, vitamines, anthocyanins, antioxidants,
elementar, titrimetric and spectrometric methods). I am also involved in work for some
science and laboratory development projects. I have published more than 10 research
articles. I have participated at 7 international conferences. My science CV can be found
on Estonian Science portal: www.etis.ee.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Abstracts The effect of biochar application to the light-textured soils with different fertility on the N2O emission, crop yield and soil properties in a small-scale field experiment Agrophysical Research Institute, ARI, St. Petersburg, Russia The small-scale field experiment was conducted during the growing season of 2012 on two plots of loamy-sand Spodosol with different soil fertility which resulted from different soil management since 2003. The high-fertile soil received farm yard manure and was limed regularly while the low-fertile soil was only fertilized with mineral fertilizers. The two soils significantly differed in soil organic carbon, soil bulk density, soil pH and other properties.
Twenty bottomless plastic buckets, 22 liters in volume and 30 cm in diameter, were dug into the soil at both plots. Four different treatments were used in the biochar experiment: “control” (no mineral fertilizer, no biochar), “biochar” (12 t ha-1), “N-fertilizer” (90 kg N ha-1) and “biochar+N-fertilizer” (biochar 12 t ha-1 and mineral N-fertilizer 90 kg N ha-1). There were 5 randomized replicates of each treatment at every plot. Biochar and mineral fertilizer (ammonium nitrate) were applied to every bucket individually and mixed up with the soil just before the crop (barley with under sown grass-clover mixture) was planted.
Biochar was derived from wood and was analyzed for heavy metals, pH, C and N content. The information on daily rainfall and air temperature was received from the meteorological station situated in about 200 meters from the experimental plot.
Gas samples to calculate direct N2O fluxes were collected once a week with closed chambers during the growing season and analyzed for N2O concentration with a gas chromatograph fitted with an ECD-detector. Once in 10 days soil samples for soil bulk density, water content and mineral nitrogen were collected from the top soil. Water-retention properties of the soils as well as soil swelling and shrinkage with and without biochar were measured. Barley yield was noted at the end of the growing season. Mean values and errors of mean values were calculated for all the measured parameters.
It was found that both soils with biochar had higher water-holding capacity and under the same meteorological conditions could hold more plant-available water. That could have a positive effect on plant growth especially at the early stage of plan development as the area is prone to late spring and early summer droughts.
The results of the experiment have shown that the lowest cumulative N2O fluxes were produced by the low-fertile soil with “control” and “biochar” treatments. The cumulative N2O fluxes from the high-fertile soil with the same treatments were almost twice higher. Application of N-fertilizer into both soils significantly increased N2O cumulative flux compared to unfertilized soils while the soils with “biochar+N-fertilizer” treatment produced almost the same amount of N2O as under “control” and “biochar” treatments. The N2O flux per crop unit was the lowest under ‘biochar+N-fertilizer” treatment.
Barley yields in the experiment significantly increased in a row “control” < “biochar” < “N-fertilizer” < “biochar+N-fertilizer” for high-fertile soil. For the low-fertile soil the yield increased the same way but the increase between “N-fertilizer” and “biochar+N-fertilizer” treatments were insignificant. Application of the biochar to light-textured Spodosol with both low and high fertility had a positive effect on soil water-holding capacity and barley yield. It also reduced N2O emission from both soils fertilized with mineral fertilizer but had no effect on N2O emission when the mineral fertilizer was not applied.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Innovations for fibre crop processing technologies – examples from a successful science-industry cooperation in Germany H.-J. Gusovius & J. Budde; Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim, Department of Post Harvest Technology, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam-Bornim, email: [email protected] B. Stezenko & H.-H. Kranemann; Kranemann GmbH, Hof 2, D-17194 Blücherhof, email: [email protected]
Products based on natural fibres gain an increasing interest from industry and consumers for
several years. Late 80th to middle 90th of last century political measures on EU and national levels
lead to a renaissance of native fibre crops like hemp, flax or stinging nettle across Europe, the (re-)
establishment of relevant processing facilities as well the implementation of fibre products in e.g.
European automotive or building industry.
The long period between the end of traditional bastfibre utilization Europe between mid of 20th
century and the new era led to a break regarding technological progress along the value added
chain. That time technologies used to harvest, process - that is decortication, cleaning and refining
– those crops to fibres and shives had to be characterized as not compatible with industrial
demand on economic and quality competitive products. In close cooperation with the special
purpose machine manufacturer “Kranemann GmbH” specializing in specialized crops, such as
hemp, sea buckthorn or materials handling and metering technology, ATB's scientist group began
relevant research and development activities starting from 1997. Main goals of the still on going
work are the development and implementation of technologies which enable the production of
high quality fibres for technical applications on an economic valuable level for both the farmer as
well the processor. Beside others the presentation is dealing with selected results from this work.
Several innovations for the harvest and the processing of bastfibre crops will be presented:
o Machine concepts for the harvest and de-seeding of hemp
o An innovative machine concept to realize a new decortication principle including its fibre
quality related as well as economic evaluation
o A new technology and device to clean and grad the woody part of bastfibre crops (shives)
o Design of whole processing lines
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Natural fibre research at Faserinstitut Bremen Holger Fischer, Faserinstitut Bremen e. V. -FIBRE-, D-28359 Bremen
The presentation gives an overview about the Faserinstitut Bremen, starting with a brief look on
the history and presenting the actual activities with emphasis on natural fibre research.
The Faserinstitut has a fully equipped and internationally recognized test laboratory with qualified
personnel and leading competency in the research of test methods and natural fibres. In addition,
the institute has central importance in the international harmonization of tests and test methods.
The activities of FIBRE cover the fields of quality testing & fibre quality management, fibre
measurement technology, renewable resources and composite materials. Starting with the
creation of the fibre itself, products are developed along the value-added chain on the base of
FIBRE’s fundamental competence in the area of fibre analysis. These products include the
manufacture of technical and clothing textiles made of natural or chemical fibres, the application
of natural fibres in composite materials or the development of completely bio-based composites.
Examples are given from recent and actual projects to demonstrate
enzymatic (biotechnological) bast fibre separation,
bast fibre reinforced bioplastics for automotive use, and
new varieties with good fibre qualities & higher yields.
In addition special methods of fibre and product analysis (single-element tensile test, odour
measurement etc.) are presented.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Characterised Cannabis Germplasm for Crop International Workshop Improvement Sergey V. Grigoryev., Tatiana V. Shelenga, Ksenia V. Illarionova Ph.D., N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russia
Hemp is one of the ancient crop in Russian agriculture. The maximum of industrial acreages
exceeded 950 000 hectares in 1949. In early 20th century, hemp was cultivated in various climatic
agricultural zones. In Northern Russia – in proximity to the northern limit of agriculture. Hemp was
cultivated in the most northeast of Russia (about 65° N, 153° E). So growing Cannabis is very
genetically diverse. The N.I. Vavilov Institute (VIR) has been involved as well in hemp research since
the beginning of the last century.
Phenotypic authenticity and genetic integrity of previously preserved Cannabis germplasm are
being studied since 1997. To enlarge sufficiently reduced genetic diversity ex situ preserved
Cannabis germplasm, to make the accessions attractive and widely available for breeding programs
around the world, series of collecting missions have been performed around all territories of
Russian Federation. About 45 000 km have been covered round Central Russia, Siberia, Far East,
Transbaikalia, Caspian Sea regions, Caucasus as well Cola Peninsula, etc. Cannabis unique
germplasm highly rich in traits and origins – weedy, wild, ruderal accessions, local landraces, folk
domestic cultivars, industrial varieties have been collected and preserved. Fiber yield and quality,
fatty acid profile, cannabinoids profile estimated and characterized of newly collected accessions.
Hundreds newly collected original seed accessions should be available for diverse breeding tasks
round Europe.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Sustainable uses of biomass in research carried out by Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Poznań, Poland Krysztof Heller, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, ul. WojskaPolskiego 71 B, 60-630 Poznań, Poland, e-mail: [email protected]
The Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants (INF&MP) is a public interdisciplinary research
centre, involved in complex research dedicated to obtaining, processing and applying natural
fibrous (flax, hemp, silk, wool, etc.) and herbal raw materials. The multidirectional character of
research conducted in the INF&MP results from the complex interests of the Institute in natural
fibres and herbs, beginning from genetic engineering, agricultural technology, and cultivation,
through natural fibre and herbs processing to their use in the textile and non-textile industries. By-
products from lignocellulosic plants processing are utilized for lignocellulosic boards, composites,
and bio-fuel or after chemical transformation for agrochemicals which are applied in pharmacies,
dietetic foods and cosmetics. Medicinal and fibrous plants are sources of raw materials used for
the production of bio-products such as: agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, diet food, feed, and
cosmetics.
The INF&MP is participating in numerous national and international research projects, including UE
Framework Projects, Cost Actions. In international projects such as FIBRA (Fibre Crops as a
sustainable source of bio-based material for industrial products in Europe and China), 4FCROPS
(Future Crops for Food, Feed, Fibre and Fuel, FP7 212811), Crops2Industry (Non-food Crops-to-
Industry schemes in EU27, FP 7), as well as Project EUROCROP (Agricultural Research for Improving
Arable Crop Competitiveness) the usefulness of fibrous plants in non-food industries (construction,
automotive, paper, insulation, energy, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries) was evaluated.
Currently carried out in 4 national projects (polish program „Innovative Economy 2007-2013”)
research is being conducted in the area of: 1) the evaluation of biomass plant yield for bio-fuel use,
2) non-waste technology for hemp cellulose, ethanol and feed protein production 3) innovative
technology for pellet production in a biomass granulation plant „Widok Energia”, 4) and the
development of innovative technology for second generation bio-ethanol from sorghum and
miscanthus biomass.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Greenhouse gas fluxes in char amended soil Jürgen Kern, Christiane Dicke, Giacomo Lanza, Judy Libra, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Engineering in Potsdam-Bornim (ATB), Germany
One of the most crucial points in the application of biochar to soil for carbon sequestration is its
recalcitrance. In contrast to pyrolysis biochars, which have been shown to possess long-term
stability, there is little information available on the stability of chars, derived from hydrothermal
carbonization. This low temperature process (200-250°C) has been applied to carbonize hemp dust,
a residual byproduct of the hemp fiber production, which has no application, yet. This study was
designed to get information about the behavior of hemp char in a carbon-poor sand.
Aerobic incubations were run over a period of four months in order to measure the accumulated
concentrations of CO2 and N2O. During the first month, high emission rates of CO2 were observed in
all three treatments (i. sandy soil with 1% C, ii. sandy soil enriched to 2% C with non-washed hemp
char, iii. sandy soil enriched to 2% C with washed hemp char). Over this time, the most CO2 per
gram ash free dry matter was released from the treatment of sand mixed with non-washed hemp
char. Washing of the hemp char resulted in a significantly reduced emission rate of CO2. This may
be explained by the removal of soluble and easily mineraliseable carbon compounds from the HTC
char matrix by the wash water. After one month of incubation, CO2 release followed a linear
pattern. At the same time in the char/sand mixtures N2O emission was reduced by 30-40%
compared to the pure sandy soil. This benefit in N2O reduction seems to be very effective in chars,
derived from hydrothermal carbonization.
In field experiments, no significant difference was found so far between different soil treatments
with C4 enriched biochar during the first months. This, and the absence of a C4 contribution to the
emitted CO2, suggests that the emission from biochar can be neglected so far compared to the
main pool of soil organic matter. Further studies are needed to confirm the stability of chars during
warm seasons with enhanced mineralization.
Impact of hemp char and its treatment on CO2 emission (AFDM = ash free dry matter) Brown dots: sand with HTC chars non-washed White dots: sand with HTC chars washed with water Green dots: pure sand
05
101520253035
0 30 60 90 120 150Incubation period (days)
CO2 r
elea
sed
(mg
g-1
AFDM
)
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Field trials, old kiln soils and visions for biochar research and development Tor Kihlberg. Carboinventus AB. Valhallagatan 14, 75334 Uppsala, Sweden, [email protected] Ongoing biochar research Field trials: As part of the EU Interregproject “Climate Saving Soils” a three year field trial was performed outside Jönköping, Sweden. A 0-15 % yield increase was obtained with spring barley on a fertile silty loam in a three-year trial with biochar (0, 10, 20 t/ha). Most commonly a 5 % increase was observed. Loading the biochar with aqueous fertilizer gave a 12 % higher yield increase on the second year, compared with the treatment were fertilizer and biochar was added separately. Analyses of a 70 years old kiln soil:In the charcoal rich part of a oats + barley field, containing up to 1000 ton charcoal/he, the soil had 150 % higher water quota and up to 12 times higher concentrations of P and K. The quotas between different nutrients indicate that the enrichment probably was due to accumulation of fertilizer during 70 years, rather than ash residues from the kilns. Furthermore, in a dry year there was a 32 % increased plant mass yield in the charcoal rich area. Biochar paradigms and visions. Biochar should not be seen as a techno-fix but as an entrance to sustainable system solutions. Economical feasibility will not be reached unless ecological, social and economical systems are strengthened in the process. A good way to obtain economical feasibility is by stacking values and services, preferably with respect to each batch of biochar. Begin with the fundamental: climate compensation through carbon sequestration; and soil improvement. Add: immobilization of poisonous and inconvenient compounds; and process facilitation. Expanded use of charcoal as biofuel will facilitate expansion of biochar use, since infrastructure for transports and production will be developed, an open market will be established and the price of biochar will be minimized. Examples of research interests. Terra preta sanitation, using biochar as bulk agent in compostation of latrine. Possible advantages: minimization of inconvenient smell; increased decomposition rate; reduced loss of nitrogen; improved soil conditioning properties of the biochar. LCA-Analysis of biochar as domestic animal food additive. Possible advantages: better economy by function stacking; improved animal health; reduced nitrogen loss; improved biochar. Development of common infrastructure, certification systems and business models for charcoal as fuel and biochar use.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Novel Hemp Based Hybrid Textile Materials: Latvia's Opportunities and Challenges Tālis Laizāns, Latgale Agriculture Research Centre, Ltd; Latvian Industrial Hemp Association, E-
mail: [email protected]
Flax and hemp breeding and further use for production of non-textile products in Latvia discovers
complicated picture. An important task for the Latvian scientists is obtaining high yielding, middle
early hemp varieties. For centuries hemp was used in various spheres and today’s knowledge and
scientific ideas offers wide range of new applications of hemp fibre, shives, oil. The very challenging
is idea to develop technical textile products based on glass and hemp fibre proposed by Latvian
researchers. It is assumed that novel fibre products would be used as component for development
electrical power sources, electrochemical reactors and CO2 convertors as well as for filters and
other materials.
Key words: hemp, fibre, novel materials
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Industrial hemp as an energy crop Thomas Prade, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, [email protected]
Bioenergy is currently the fastest growing source of renewable energy. Tighter sustainability
criteria for the production of vehicle biofuels and an increasing interest in combined heat and
power (CHP) production from biomass have led to a demand for high-yielding energy crops with
good conversion efficiencies.
Industrial hemp was studied as an energy crop for production of biogas and solid biofuel. Based on
field trials, the development of biomass and energy yield, the specific methane yield and elemental
composition of the biomass were studied over the growing and senescence period of the crop, i.e.
from autumn to the following spring.
The energy yield of hemp for both solid biofuel and biogas production proved similar or superior to
that of most energy crops common in northern Europe. The high energy yield of biogas from hemp
is based on a high biomass yield per hectare and good specific methane yield with large potential
for increases by pre-treatment of the biomass. The methane energy yield per hectare is highest in
autumn when hemp biomass yield is highest.
The energy yield per hectare of hemp for use as a solid biofuel is highest in autumn when the
biomass yield is highest. However, important combustion-related fuel properties, such as moisture,
alkali, chlorine and ash content and ash melting temperature, are significantly improved when
industrial hemp is harvested in spring instead of in autumn. Major fuel properties of hemp are not
significantly influenced by annual cultivation conditions, latitude or choice of cultivar.
Net energy yields per hectare and energy output-to-input ratios of hemp are above-average in
most applications, and are highest for use of hemp as solid biofuel. Use of hemp as a biogas
substrate suffers from higher energy inputs and lower conversion efficiencies, but produces a high-
quality vehicle fuel.
Advantages over other energy crops are also found outside the energy balance, e.g. low pesticide
requirements, good weed competition and suitability as break crop in cereal-oriented crop
rotations. Improvements in hemp biomass and energy yields may strengthen its competitive
position against maize and sugar beet for biogas production and against perennial energy crops for
solid biofuel production.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Focus on biochar: agriculture related research and opportunities in Estonia Henn Raave1, Liia Kukk2, Helis Rossner2, Merrit Shanskiy2, Tõnu Tõnutare2, Alar Astover2 Estonian University of Life Sciences, 1Department of Field Crop and Grassland Husbandry and 2Department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia Corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Estonian University of Life Sciences EULS is the centre of research and development in agriculture, forestry, animal and veterinary science, rural life and economy, food science and environmentally friendly technologies. Departments of Field Crop and Grassland Husbandry (DFcGh) and Soil Science and Agrochemistry (DSsAg) are part of the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (IAES) of EULS. More specifically our competencies in DFcGh and DSsAg are covering the range of topics as long term impacts of different land use systems (arable-, grassland, abandoned land etc.) – conventional versus organic farming together with alternative organic fertilizers utilization (liquid manure, sewage sludge, green manure crops, biomass ash). Various studies are carried out in the fields of different soils properties (chemical, physical, humus status etc.) looking at their diversity, integrity and sustainability in agroecosystems. Main key words of soils related studies are soil compaction, C turnover, molecular markers in soils, land use planning by using GIS and soil maps, biochar application as improver of soil conditions. We have also the knowledge on analyses of the spatial variability of biomass resource (reed canary grass, alder etc.) depending on soil total nitrogen content by the use of crop yield modelling. These empirical regression-type yield models has been developed and integrated to the Estonian large-scale digital soil map to evaluate site-specific biomass potential in the region. Among of the other topics since 2010 we have been studied biochar effect on crop productivity, plant and soil characteristics, nutrient leaching, GHG emission, composting and compost quality. We have three on going experiments with biochar from which two are pot experiments and one field experiment. At the present we are running a small project to study the effect of biochar during composting on microbiological diversity. In future studies we see a need to pay more attention and find an additional collaboration to cover the following topics: (a) biochar key parameters to determine the absorption-desorption properties as a nutrient buffer in soil and as a sorbent for heavy metals and herbicide residues capture; (b) biochars “footprint”; (c) the main qualitative parameters of biochar, which are determining its potential effect to soils chemical and physical properties, including those properties practical determination; (d) the interactions between biochar and soil and to study biochar impact on crop yield as a function of soil and biochar characteristics; (e) biochar pre-treatment (composted, blended with organic amendment) and its impact on the agronomic value of biochar; (f) biochar produced from herbaceous feedstock (material specific properties and effects). Keywords: agricultural research, crop science, soil science, land use scenarios, crop production, biomass potential, yield modelling, geographic information system.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Current activities and future prospects: GHG emissions from biochar amended boreal agricultural soils – emphasis on nitrogen Silvennoinen1* H., O’Toole1 A., Carnol2 M., Knoth de Zarruk1 K., Dörsch2 P., Rasse1 D. 1Bioforsk Soil and Environment, Ås, Norway, *[email protected],2University of Liège, Dept. Plant and Microbial Ecology, Liege, Belgium,3Norwegian University of Life Sciences Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Ås, Norway Biochar is a very potent tool for carbon sequestration. The current challenge is to clarify whether biochar amendments to different ecosystems lead to changes in local greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4 and N2O) budgets. Agricultural soils are significant sources of N2O and therefore management practices (including biochar additions) have a great impact to atmospheric N2O concentrations. Literature regarding biochar’s impact on N2O fluxes is contradictory most likely due to the complex (biologically and chemically) regulation of N2O dynamics and differences in biochar properties (often not well defined or poorly reported), fertilization practices, soil quality and local conditions. Several ex situ studies report either decreased or increased N2O fluxes due to biochar addition, yet the exact mechanism behind the changes remains unclear. Few in situ data are available, and the duration of the biochar induced shift in N2O fluxes has not been explicitly addressed at the field scale. Here, we present data on N2O fluxes and ancillary parameters from 1) mesocosms amended with wheat straw derived biochar (Knoth de Zarruk et al. in prep.) and 2) an agricultural field amended with miscanthus derived biochar (O’Toole et al. in prep.). Plant free soil (from agricultural field) mesocosms were biochar amended with rates corresponding to 10, 50, and 100 t C ha-1 field load. In order to study the importance of physical change in soil structure due to biochar amendment, an additional treatment with perlite (with same particle size as the biochar; corresponding 50 t ha-1 field load) was included. Nitrous oxide fluxes during the fertilization peak (in the first 16 days after fertilization) were significantly reduced, but only at higher biochar loads. Similar reduction was not observed in the corresponding perlite treatment. Therefore, the lower N2O flux with high biochar dose resulted from biochar induced biological and/or chemical changes. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured from a mineral agricultural field under crop cultivation (rotation between oats and barley) during the growth season 2012. Randomized plots with 8 and 25 t biochar-C ha-1 and control without amendment (4 replicates each) had been established in autumn 2010. New plots with 25 t biochar-C ha-1 amendment were created in early spring 2012. Differences in N2O fluxes between treatments were not statistically significant, yet the sites freshly amended with the highest biochar load had the highest N2O flux in the start of the growing season after fertilization and the smallest N2O fluxes in the autumn after harvest. The total cumulative emissions calculated over the growth season were the lowest from the plots with the highest biochar dose amended in 2010. Nitrate and ammonium concentrations, pH, bulk densities and moisture contents were measured, but showed no significant differences between treatments. Nitrogen cycling processes (N mineralization and potential nitrification) were measured on soil samples taken from the field plots in autumn 2012. Additionally, the potential impact of biochar applications on the metabolic diversity of soil heterotrophic bacteria and soil respiration was assessed. To conclude, biochar does not seem to significantly increase N2O fluxes and it may have potential even to reduce them. Nevertheless, more field data are required to assess the potential. In addition, fundamental basic research is crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind the changes. During the next years we aim to continue the field trial for assessing the impact of biochar to N2O fluxes. In addition to the data presented here, Bioforsk centers it’s research around the stability of biochar C (Budai et al. 2011, and O’Toole, 2012), biochar mediated remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and the use of biochar to recycle nutrients from human urine (O’Toole and Paruch, 2011). Bioforsk has started a virtual biochar competence center as part of the INTERREG IV project: Biochar Climate Saving Soils References: Budai, Alice; Abiven, Samuel; Rasse, Daniel. Biochar: Structure, Stability, and Sequestration. Proceedings Nordic Biochar Conference 2011, Oslo; O’Toole, A. and A. M. Paruch Using biochar to recycle nutrients from human urine back to agriculture. Poster Nordic Biochar Conference 2011, Oslo; O´Toole, Adam;Fauches, Raphael; Rasse, Daniel. Stability of miscanthusbiochar under field conditions in Norway. 1st International Summer School on Biochar: Biochar Crossroads; 2012, Potsdam.
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Side Effects of Char Substrates Detected by Molecular Biological Tools
Christian E.W. Steinberg1, Shumon Chakrabarty1, Kurt Spokas2, Dimitrios Kalderis3, Jürgen Kern4 1Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Laboratory of Freshwater & Stress Ecology, 12437 Berlin, Germany 2US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA 3Technical University Hania, Crete, Greece 4Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e. V., Germany Major purposes of char substrate application are soil management and carbon sequestration1,
whereby the term “soil management” includes improvement of water retention and increase of
nutrient availability. Recently, side effects of char applications on non-target organisms have come
into the focus of scientific interests2,3. For instance, exposure of the nematode Caenorhabditis
legans to Brazilian Terra preta reduced the expression of a gene, homolog to the vertebrate p53.
This gene is central in processes that increase the health of and prevents cancer in exposed
organisms.
To get a broader overview of stress response patterns of C. elegans we applied a variety of
transgenic strains that possessed the green fluorescing protein after a specific reporter. The
reporter genes comprised: biotransformation phase I and II (cyp35A; gst-4), oxidative stress (sod-
3), estrogenicity (vit-2), and general stress (via stress shock proteins: hsp-16; hsp-4). All char
substrates tested so far induced the biotransformation phase II (Fig. 1) and an oxidative stress.
Unexpectedly, all pyrolysis chars tested possessed estrogenic activity and induced also an
unspecific stress response by activating the HSP70-response (hsp-4). These results request a
sophisticated chemical analytics of these char substrates.
Fig. 1: Example of a green-fluorescing C. elegans exposed to a
char substrate. The gene encoding for the green fluorescence
was upstream of gst-4, a glutathiontransferase crucial for
oocyte maturation (a biotransformation phase II enzyme).
1) Lehmann, J. et al. Biochar effects on soil biota – A review. Soil Biol. Biochem.43, 1812–1836 (2011). 2) Chakrabarti, S., Menzel, R. & Steinberg, C. E. W. Selected natural humic materials induce and char substrates
repress a gene in Caenorhabditis elegans homolog to human anticancer P53. Ann. Environ. Sci.5, 1–6 (2011). 3) Busch, D. et al. Simple biotoxicity tests for evaluation of carbonaceous soil additives: Establishment and
reproducibility of four test procedures. J. Environ. Qual.41, 1023-1032 (2012).
International Workshop „New Biomass Product Lines”: Biochar and Hemp“ St. Petersburg, 25-26.04.2013
Use of pyrolysis products in agriculture Kari Tiilikkala, MTT Plant Production Research, Finland, e-mail: [email protected]
In MTT use of pyrolysis products in agriculture has been studied since 2003. During the first years
our focus has been on use of wood based pyrolysis liquids as pesticides. Our goal was to prove that
synthetic chemicals can be replaced with biodegradable wood vinegar and tar. Chemical
composition of wood vinegar has been published and commercialization options have been
described. Use of pyrolysis products for odor control and composting process has been studied too.
At present studies for showing the effect of carbonization degree on quality of biochar is in
progress. The work has been done in a close collaboration with VTT, University of Helsinki and
SMEs. In the MTT several new research lines have been selected recently. Use of pyrolysis
technology and pyrolysis products for improvement of nutrient cycling and mitigation of climate
change as well as improvement of waste management will be studied. Development and testing of
biochar based filtering techniques for control of nutrient and pesticide leaching will be one of ways
to use biomasses in the future. Leaching of nutrients from fields to rivers, lakes and to the Baltic
Sea is one of the most important environmental problems in our agriculture. Warming climate will
increase leaching risks and novel technologies are urgently needed. Biochar based systems will be
one of the options worth to be studied in good collaboration among all the Baltic Sea countries.