Towards a holistic approach to security€¦ · a holistic approach. • If we can´t define...
Transcript of Towards a holistic approach to security€¦ · a holistic approach. • If we can´t define...
When in Gothenburg
Towards a holistic approach to security
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 120 June 2018
What is security?
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018
Origin of the word security….
2
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018 3
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
What is security?Security is…. Well guess what again? There are many different ways to think about security.
The term “security” has several decades of being redefined in the context of policy agendas
of nation states. And in the context of individual human priorities.
• This means who is the
referent object, or who is
supposed to feel secure.
• Would it be the individual?,
and if so, would it be some,
most or all of them?
• Or would it be the state, the
international system, and so
on?
Security
for
whom?
Security
for which
Values?
• Since security is not an
absolute value, it needs to be
balanced against other key
values, such as economic
welfare, liberty, territorial
integrity, environmental
conservation etc.
• Security is shifting to give
high priority to topics as
poverty, trade, economics,
human rights, transnational
crimes and environment.
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018 4
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
What is security?Security is…. Well guess what? There are many different ways to think about security.
Security has to be defined in the context
of international relations and
diplomacy.
Security is being redefined in the context
of policy agendas of nation states.
Security is shifting to give high priority to
topics as poverty, trade, economics, human
rights, transnational crimes and
environment.
The characterization of security as “the absence of threats”
seems to encapsulate the essence or the central idea of the
notion of security (Wolfers).
Security as a “low probability of damage to acquired
Values (Baldwin)” The traditional security paradigm refers
to a realist construct of security in which
the referent object of security is the
state.
The objective of human security is to
safeguard the vital core of all human lives
from critical pervasive threats, in a way
that is consistent with long-term human
fulfillment.
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018 5
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
What is security?
Realism
School
Liberalism
SchoolConstructivism
School
Security is…. Well guess what? There are many different ways to think about security.
From the approach of the
Liberalism School, security
should involve five
interdependent
dimensions: military,
political, economic,
environmental and societal
security
From the approach of the
Social Constructivism
security as an inherently
subjective value and a
relational dimension where
identities matter.
From the approach of the
Realism School, security and
power are measured in
militaristic capabilities within
an international system.
Security has to be defined in
the context of international
relations and diplomacy.
Therefore Security is National
Security.
The referent
object of
security is
the state
The referent
object of
security is still
the state but
analyzed under
5 dimensions.
Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310495076_What_is_Security
The referent
object of
security is
the
relational
dimension of
the state
taking
multiple
dimensions
into account.
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018 6
In 2015, Brooks published an interesting paper “What is security: Definition through knowledge
categorization?. He mapped the universe of security courses offered in universities and he
categorized the concept in several levels and categories…
What is Security?
Associate Professor at ECU,
Australia.
Security Science Post-graduate
Course Coordinator at Edith
Cowan University
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018 7
What is security?
“Sustainable Human Security
integrates four pillars reflecting
what we know today about
human security, human
development, human dignity
and human sustainability. .
The pillars of sustainable
human security are embedded
into the political, economic,
social, and environmental
responsibility to build capacity
through a human rights based
approach and sustainable
capacity approach”.
Finally, the perspective from Mark Tavanto called my attention. He has defined human security in
relation to four interrelated pillars related to Freedom: Freedom from fear, from shame, from want
and from vulnerabilities….Freedom from Fear is
about human survival
and the protection of
individuals and
communities from
natural and man-made
disasters along other
situations of violence and
conflicts
Freedom from Want is
about human development
and includes freedom from
want often visible in
extreme poverty, recurring
poverty and systemic
poverty situations
Freedom from Shame is
about human dignity and the
recognition of the
fundamental human rights of
every individual, including
respect and protection of all
aspects of diversity
Freedom from
Vulnerability is about human
sustainability and the
protection of people from
short and long-term natural
disasters, especially through
the reduction of man-made
threats in nature
Source: http://www.weinstitute.org/human-security.html
When in Gothenburg… What is security?
Eleonora Escalante MBA-MEng, Strategic Corporate Advisory Services
© 2017-2018 Eleonora Escalante-all rights reserved 20 June 2018 8
During the last 20 years the need for IT, digital and cyber security has risen too.
Can we define what is security after reading these slides?
Thank you!
What is Security?
• It is important to rethink the notion of security from
a holistic approach.
• If we can´t define security, it is difficult to speak and
communicate in the same level and terms within
nations and stakeholders.
• Who is the subject of security? Why?
• Under what school of thought is it defined?
• What are the threats or vulnerabilities to security?
• What is the role of the government in relation to
security? What levels of security?
• Can we return to define security as simply as to
know that we can live, interact, have children
and work in a place which is safe to our families
and us to make our dreams come true?