TOWARD RESOLUTION OF THE “FUZZY NODES” IN GREEN PLANT … · 2005. 4. 7. · Takakia...
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SPECIES Nephroselmis olivacea 12 Pterosperma sp. Chlorella sp. 24 Prototheca wickerhamii Tetraselmis striata Volvox carteri 6 Chlamydomonas reinhardii 8 Oltmannsiellopsis viridis Ignatius tetrasporus Halochlorococcum moorei Ulothrix sp. 10 Acrochaete endozoica Bolbocoleon proliferum Ulva lactuca 7 Trentepohlia sp. 17 Blastophysa rhizopus Chaetosiphon moniliformis Cladophora sp. Caulerpa taxifolia 19 Codium decorticatum Ostreobium queketii Acetabularia acetabulum 13, 34 Bornetella sphaerica 20 Mesostigma viride 3 Coleochaete orbicularis 29 Chara aspera 16 Klebsormidium flaccidum 4 Entransia sp. Chlorokybus atmophyticus 28 Spirogyra sp. 30 Anthoceros sp. 31 Notothylas orbicularis Sphaerocarpos sp. 23 Marchantia polymorpha Blasia pusilla 26 Bazzania trilobata 18 Haplomitrium sp. 11 Sphagnum palustra 14 Takakia ceratophylla 21 Physcomitrella patens Andreaea sp. Tortula ruralis 2 Selaginella kraussiana 35 Isoetes englemanii 5 Lycopodium lucidulum 22 Equisetum hyemale 33 Psilotum nudum 36 Botrychium sp. 27 Angiopteris evecta 15 Osmunda cinnamomea 9 Ceratopteris richardii 1 Marsilea quadrifolia 32 TOWARD RESOLUTION OF THE “FUZZY NODES” IN GREEN PLANT PHYLOGENY D. Mandoli, R. Olmstead, B. Mishler, J. Boore, A. Smith, K. Renzaglia, P. Wolf, M. Donoghue, C. O’Kelley Contact information for all PI’s is given on the back of the mini-poster handouts below. Figure 1. Outline phylogeny of the green plants, indicating the currently understood phylogenetic position for 51 candidate exemplar organisms (represented by generic names; see Table 1) and the higher-level taxa to which they are thought to belong. All branches are subject to further testing, but the best-supported branches with current data are indicated with a thick line, branches with some support are indicated with a thin line, and areas of the tree that remain controversial are indicated by labelled ovals. 1. Base of green plants: outgroup relationships and basal branching among prasinophytes. 2. Relationships among major lineages of Chlorophyta (some groupings are more firmly established, e.g. Ulvales/Ulotrichales, Chlorophyceae/Trebouxiophyceae). 3. Relationships among the siphonous algae and their placement in the Chlorophyta. 4. Base of the land plants. 5. Base of the ferns (moniliforms). 2 3 4 5 1 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 1 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 The tree of life is inherently fractal. Look closely at one lineage of a phylogeny and it dissolves into many separate lineages, and so on down to a very fine scale. There is now a great body of phylogenetic research that has provided numerous tools applicable at particular, usually fairly constrained, scales. These tools have left many phylogenetic questions unanswered. We think these questions will remain unanswered until it is possible to do analyses across multiple scales. The green plant lineage represents the most suitable system for this research because it is one of the oldest and most diverse branches of the tree of life and it contains good examples of the known phylogenetic problems. Investigations on it may draw on a tradition of interdisciplinary collaborative research, facilitated by the Green Plant Phylogeny Research Coordination Group (GPPRCG, "Deep Green"). Our overall objective is to resolve the primary pattern of evolutionary diversification among green plants, and establish a model for doing so that will be applicable to other groups of organisms with long evolutionary histories. We believe that a solid backbone based on genomic and ultrastructural data for selected exemplar taxa will enable the integration of previous and ongoing studies of many more taxa into a comprehensive picture of green plant phylogeny. To achieve this objective, we will: * complete a matrix of whole genome sequences for chloroplasts and mitochondria, and develop Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) nuclear genome libraries (when 1C² 100Mb) for ~50 representatives of the critical deep-branching lineages of green plants (Fig. 1); * produce a comprehensive set of comparable morphological and ultrastructural data for these same taxa; * incorporate inferences from across the phylogenetic hierarchy in green plants using methods designed to permit scaling across studies. The full text of this document can be found at: http://faculty.washington.edu/mandoli 16 25
Transcript of TOWARD RESOLUTION OF THE “FUZZY NODES” IN GREEN PLANT … · 2005. 4. 7. · Takakia...
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SPECIES
Nephroselmis olivacea 12Pterosperma sp.Chlorella sp. 24Prototheca wickerhamiiTetraselmis striataVolvox carteri 6Chlamydomonas reinhardii 8
Oltmannsiellopsis viridis
Ignatius tetrasporus
Halochlorococcum mooreiUlothrix sp. 10Acrochaete endozoicaBolbocoleon proliferumUlva lactuca 7
Trentepohlia sp. 17
Blastophysa rhizopus Chaetosiphon moniliformisCladophora sp.
Caulerpa taxifolia 19Codium decorticatumOstreobium queketii
Acetabularia acetabulum 13, 34Bornetella sphaerica 20
Mesostigma viride 3Coleochaete orbicularis 29Chara aspera 16Klebsormidium flaccidum 4Entransia sp.Chlorokybus atmophyticus 28Spirogyra sp. 30
Anthoceros sp. 31Notothylas orbicularis
Sphaerocarpos sp. 23Marchantia polymorphaBlasia pusilla 26Bazzania trilobata 18Haplomitrium sp. 11
Sphagnum palustra 14Takakia ceratophylla 21Physcomitrella patensAndreaea sp.Tortula ruralis 2
Selaginella kraussiana 35Isoetes englemanii 5Lycopodium lucidulum 22
Equisetum hyemale 33Psilotum nudum 36Botrychium sp. 27Angiopteris evecta 15Osmunda cinnamomea 9Ceratopteris richardii 1Marsilea quadrifolia 32
TOWARD RESOLUTION OF THE “FUZZY NODES”IN GREEN PLANT PHYLOGENY
D . M a n d o l i , R . O l m s t e a d , B . M i s h l e r , J . B o o r e , A . S m i t h , K . R e n z a gli a , P. W o l f , M . D o n o g h u e , C . O ’ K e l l e y
Contact in format ion for a l l PI ’s is g iven on the back of the min i -poster handouts below.
Figure 1. Outline phylogeny of the green plants, indicating the currently understood phylogenetic positionfor 51 candidate exemplar organisms (represented by generic names; see Table 1) and the higher-leveltaxa to which they are thought to belong. All branches are subject to further testing, but the best-supportedbranches with current data are indicated with a thick line, branches with some support are indicated witha thin line, and areas of the tree that remain controversial are indicated by labelled ovals. 1. Base of greenplants: outgroup relationships and basal branching among prasinophytes. 2. Relationships among majorlineages of Chlorophyta (some groupings are more firmly established, e.g. Ulvales/Ulotrichales,Chlorophyceae/Trebouxiophyceae). 3. Relationships among the siphonous algae and their placement inthe Chlorophyta. 4. Base of the land plants. 5. Base of the ferns (moniliforms).
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36 The tree of life is inherently fractal. Look closely at one lineage of a phylogeny and it dissolves into many separate lineages,and so on down to a very fine scale. There is now a great body of phylogenetic research that has provided numerous toolsapplicable at particular, usually fairly constrained, scales. These tools have left many phylogenetic questions unanswered. We think these questions will remain unanswered until it is possible to do analyses across multiple scales.
The green plant lineage represents the most suitable system for this research because it is one of the oldest and most diversebranches of the tree of life and it contains good examples of the known phylogenetic problems. Investigations on it maydraw on a tradition of interdisciplinary collaborative research, facilitated by the Green Plant Phylogeny Research CoordinationGroup (GPPRCG, "Deep Green").
Our overall objective is to resolve the primary pattern of evolutionary diversification among green plants, and establish amodel for doing so that will be applicable to other groups of organisms with long evolutionary histories. We believe that asolid backbone based on genomic and ultrastructural data for selected exemplar taxa will enable the integration of previousand ongoing studies of many more taxa into a comprehensive picture of green plant phylogeny.
To achieve this objective, we will:
* complete a matrix of whole genome sequences for chloroplasts and mitochondria, and develop Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) nuclear genome libraries (when 1C² 100Mb) for ~50 representatives of the critical deep-branching
lineages of green plants (Fig. 1);
* produce a comprehensive set of comparable morphological and ultrastructural data for these same taxa;
* incorporate inferences from across the phylogenetic hierarchy in green plants using methods designed to permit scaling across studies.
The full text of this document can be found at: http://faculty.washington.edu/mandoli
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