Toward Next Generation Maritime Satellite...

National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)

Toward Next Generation Maritime Satellite Communications

Naoto KadowakiNational Institute of Information and Communications Technology

12th BroadSky WorkshopSalerno/Vietri, 1-Oct-2014

National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) 1

From Recent “Space News” Headlines (1)

• 2-Dec-’13

– Inmarsat Widens Relationship With Global Xpress Reseller• 2-Dec-’13

– O3b Networks Opens Gateway Station in Peru• 16-Dec-’13

– Inmarsat’s First Global Xpress Satellite Delivered to Orbit• 20-Jan-’14

– ViaSat Sees Future in Aeronautical, Maritime Broadband Markets• 20-Jan-’14

– KVH Gearing Up To Serve “Largely Untapped” Maritime Market• 27-Jan-’14

– U.K.’s Ofcom Sets Licensing Rules for Ka-band Services to Ship, Aircraft• 10-Mar-’14

– KVH Foresees Lift from Maritime Broadband Demand

• 10-Mar-’14

– Inmarsat Confident Global Xpress Will Be a Hit With U.S. Military


From Recent “Space News” Headlines (2)

• 17-Mar-’14

– SES Leans on Arianspace To Give Galileo Launch Slot to O3b• 12-May-’14

– Inmarsat Says Russia Sanctions Won’t Disrupt Global Xpress Launches• 17-May-’14

– Flat Revenue Doesn’t Dampen Telenor’s Maritime Hopes• 30-Jun-’14

– USN-led Team Nabs Global Xpress Gateway Contract• 7-Jul-’14

– SkyPerfect JSAT: Growth opportunity are being sought in the aeronautical and maritime mobility markets• 14-Jul-’14

– Europeanized Soyuz Launches Second Batch of O3b Satellites• 28-Jul-’14

– Inmarsat Pushes Global Xpress Limits with High-throughput Test


• ETS-V (launched in 1987)– L-band MSS experiment– 1.5 mø Ant. Gain: ≃ 25dB (L-band beam center)– L-band SSPA output: 44.5 W– 9.6kbps voice/data and video up to 64kbps

• ETS-VIII (launhed in 2006)– S-band MSS experiment– Large Deployable Reflector (17m x 19m)– 6 beams cover Japan (3 beams active)– Up to 1Mbps with small terminal– Onboard packet/circuit switch

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Past Maritime Satellite Communications Experiments in Japan

ETS-VIII and Application Images

Disaster information

Mobile data communications

Emergency call

Mobile comm. By handy terminal

DBS for mobile users

Higher EIRP & G/Tfor smaller terminal

and higher rate

ETS-V

ETS-VIII Coverage


Satellite Transceiver and Patch Antenna

• Tsunami should be detected as soon as possible to make people have sufficient time to evacuate• Current system use coast station to receive monitoring information from buoy

– 40 km is the maximum distance between buoy and coast– Required monitoring area is expanded to 100 ~ 200 km offshore, and 300 buoys would be distributed surrounding Japan

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Ocean Monitoring: Tsunami Detection System

Control command

Base station

Obtained data is deliveredto user groups in realtimeand analysed

Fishfarm-16 buoy

ETS-VIII

Monitoring data


System Study of Next Generation of Mobile SatCom System

• Satellite and Terrestrial Integrated mobile Communications System (STICS)– 1st phase System Study was done in 2008~2012

– S-band ATC/CGC MSS System

– 30 mø Ant. & 100 beams

• Covering Japan’s land and surrounding sea (EEZ)

– Developed key technologies

• DBF with low side-lobe

• Digital Channelizer for high frequency utilization

• Frequency sharing between satellite and terrestrial systems

• Dynamic network control

Ant. Pattern (16-elements DBF)Digital Channelizer (Tx)


• Inmarsat– Established by IMO in 1979

– Inmarsat C: Bi-directional digital packet service

• message & low rate data

– Inmarsat-4 (2005~8) & Alphasat (2013)

• L-Band, 3G services

• BGAN: ~ 492 kbps

• BGAN HDR: 580 kbps ~ 1 Mbps

• FleetBroadband: 432 Kbps IP/GSM/G4 fax

– ANT: H 64.3cm x D 65.3cm, 18kg

• JSAT OceanBB– JSAT’s coverage + Overseas roaming

– Service link: Ku-band

– Forward Link: 256k / 512 k / 1Mbps

– Return Link:128 / 256 / 512 kbps

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Examples of Past and Current Global MSS (GEO)

Alphasat with 11 mø Dish

OceanBB Coverage

Terminal for OceanBB

Higher EIRP & G/Tfor smaller terminal


• ARGOS– Established by CNES, NASA & NOAA in 1979

• CLS has been operating system since 1986

– ARGOS-3: launched onboard EUTELSAT’s MetOp satellite in 2006• Sun-synchronous orbit (Altitude 850 km)

• 5,000 km diameter footprint

– 4.6 kbps data gathering using UHF• Data gathering from buoys, fishing vessels, wildlife animals, etc.

• Iridium– Established by Motorola in 1998

– 66 satellites constellation: 11 satellites x 6 LEO (Altitude: 780 km)

– Service link: L-band, Feeder link: Ka-band, ISL: Ka-band

– Current services• 2.4 kbps voice and circuit switched data, short burst data, 192 kbps OpenPort

– Future system “Iridium NEXT” (expected launch: 2015~)• 2.4 kbps voice, 9.6 – 64 kbps circuit switched data, short burst data, 128 – 512 kbps OpenPort, 64

kbps broadcast, up to 512 k / 1.5 Mbps high speed

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Examples of Past and Current Global MSS (LEO)


• Streaming / rich contents IP services, etc. for customers’ or crews’ pleasure• Ship operation management for freighter / leisure cruiser operators

– Many types of monitoring and controlling data transmission including images, charts, climate data, etc. for safe cruising

• Ocean monitoring and scientific data gathering– Global scale environmental research requires many kinds & huge amount of data from oceans– Ultra high definition image & other many kinds of data transmission for expanding opportunities to join

marine research to on-ground researchers and students

• Explorations of marine resources• Broadband communications services for isolated islands• Security purposes

– For rescue activities in case of wrecks– National security for island-base nations

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Needs of Broadband Maritime Communications

But, most of oceanic area is not covered by broadband networks !


• INMARSAT-5– Ka-band– 89 beams/sat– Forward Link: ~ 50Mbps– Return Link: ~ 5Mbps– F1 was launched in Dec. 2013– F2 & F3 are waiting for launch– 3 (+1) GEO satellites covers almost all

Earth surface except polar regions– Services

• Fleet Xpress• GX for Enterprise• GX for Government• GX Aviation

• O3b

– Ka-band– 10 beams/region (7 regions)– Altitude 8,062 km above the equator

• 8+4 (backup) satellites cluster• Low latency: 150 msec

– 2 x 600Mbps/beam– 8 Satellites were launched in Jun. 2013

and Jul. 2014– Coverage:

• Standard services: Lat. ±45º• Limited services: Lat. ±62º

– Services:• Maritime• IP trunking• Mobile backhaul• Energy• Goverment

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Next Generation Systems toward Broadband MSS


Typical Application: Underwater Resource Exploration

Background• Japan has 6th biggest EEZ in the

world• Some underwater resources have

been discovered recently• Underwater resource exploration is

one of national challenges, and adopted as one of national R&D innovation projects

Missions• Precise research of existing

resource which is already discovered

• Wide area survey of undiscovered resources distributed in EEZ

Japan’s EEZ and Hydrothermal Plumes distributed Area

ⒸJAMSTEC


Effect of Broadband SatCom in Marine Explorations

Digital Divide Countermeasure for Exploration Vessels ⒸJAMSTEC

Multi-AUV Operation ⒸJAMSTEC

Ocean is still Digital Divide Area Obtained data is analyzed after brought back to

research center on the ground An exploration period takes about 2 years Data analysis cannot be done rapidly Wide area survey is not feasible

Limited researchers can utilize facilities on exploration vessels

Obtained data can be transmitted and analyzed on ground in real-time

Data on ground can be referred on vessel Researchers on ground can join exploration

The slution is Marine Broadband Satellite NW

New paradigm of underwater resource exploration/marine research Multi-AUV operation Marine research from the ground

Repeater on Autonomous Surface Vehcle(ASV)

Repeateron ASV ESV on

Survey Mother Ship

Real Time Network Utilizing Satcom

Earth Station at Research Center

Acoustic communications, sensing and navigation


Demonstration of ROV Remote Operation via Satellite

Operation Command

Telemetry andHDV Images

Vessel mountedantenna

Marine Research Ship “Kaiyo”

AUV/ROV “Otohime”

Vehicle–mountedTransportable Earth Station

Operation Room in the building © JAMSTEC

Demonstration was successfully done with WINDS’ 24 Mbps Link

in Oct. 2013

HDV Camera

Manipulator

360º CameraVertical Fin

HolizontalFin

Stereo Camera Length: 2.5 mWeight: 2.5 t


• UHF LEO-sat for telemetry (Argos-3, etc.)• L-band maritime satellite communications systems for voice & fax services (Inmarsat-C, Iridium, etc.)• S-band systems were started in some regions (N-STAR, Eutelsat W2A, etc.)

• Large reflector antennas were realized (ETS-VIII, Garuda, Thuraya, etc.)– Low & medium rate (~ 1 Mbps) data communications have been realized

• Ka-band systems are currently being introduced for new applications requiring broadband capability– IP network services including streaming– Large capacity data transmission from ocean for resource explorations / scientific research

• Amount of data from oceans are increasing for environmental monitoring, resource exploration, scientific research, national security, etc.

– Total amount of data is rapidly increasing

• Satellite communications systems covering oceans becomes more important– Data rate ranges: from low rate to broadband– Total capacity should be huge

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Summary

Toward Next Generation Maritime Satellite...

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