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P a t e n t e d S e p t . 1 1 , 1 9 5 1 2 , 5 6 7 , 1 7 0

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.2 , 5 6 7 , 1 7 0

Towl TARGET CABLE ATTACHMENT

Richard Aiken, Washington,` D. C.

A p p l i c a t i o n A u g ú s t , 1 9 4 9 , s e m i n a - _ 1 0 8 , 6 2 8

( C l . 2 7 e - _ 1 0 5 m( G r a n t e d a n d e r t h e a c t e t M a r c h . s , 1 8 3 3 , a s

amended A p r i l 3 0 , 1 9 2 8 ; 3 7 0 O. G. ' 7 5 7 )

> 7 Claims.

1This invention r e l a t e s to m ea n s f o r connecting

o b i e e t s t o , and d i s c o n n e c t i n g o b j e c t s from c a b l e s ,l i n e s or the l i k e , a n d - inore p a r t i c u l a r l y to m e a nswhereby such o p e r a t i o n s may r e a d i l y be p e rformed' at an i n a c c e s s i b l e point in a c a b l e .The p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s f p a r t i c u l a r l y adapted

t o » use o n > a e r i a l t ow l i n e s a s i n target p r a c t i c ea c t i v i t i e s wherein a t a r g e t s l e e v e i s t owed behindan airplane. such use the invention may beemployed t o - r e l e a s e an o l d l t a r g e t s l e e v e , t o a f f i x

a new one to t he t o w c a b l e , or both. I n t hes p e c i f i c a t i o n t h i s i n v e n t i o n w i l l be d e s c r i b e d i ns u c h : u s e , h o w e v e r , i t w i l l r e a d i l y b e a p p r e c i a t e dt h a t i t i s a p p l i c a b l e t o > an y em ploym en t whereinc a b l e s e v e r i n g o r o b j e c t a ñ i x i n g t a s k s must bep e r f o r m e d i n n o r m a l l y i n a c c e s s i b l e p l a c e s a l o n g

a c a b l e l e n g t h .In a e r i a l gunnery p r a c t i c e i t i s customary t o

t ow through the a i r a cloth s l e e v e c a l l e d a “targ e t s l e e v e " an d t h i s s l e e v e i s towed a g r e a t d i stance behind t h e towing a i r p l a n e , f r e q u e n t l y a smuch as one m i l e . When target sleeve b ec o m ess o r i d d l e d by gunñre that i t i s unusable then i tmust be discarded‘and replaced by a n e w s l e e v e .This i s a t e d i o u s an d time consuming operations i n c e i t i s necessary t o r e e l i n t h e : t ow c a b l e eachtime replacement c i t h e s l e e v e i s n e c e s s a r y a n d ,t h e r e f o r e , t h e r e have been proposed v a r i o u smeans w her eb y a new targetmay be secured to ar i n g A which e n c i r c l e s the cable which ring may be _

r e l e a s e d a t t h e tow plane an d permitted t o s l i d e

along the c a b l e u n t i l i t reaches t h e c a b l e e n d .Such s l i d e s sometimes i n c l u d e c u t t i n g m e a nst o s e v e r the leader o f the used target an d separ a t e the t a r g e t from i t s s l i d e , however, a f t e r s e v ~e r a l - t a r g e t s have t h u s » been r e l e a s e d the end o fthe c a b l e becomes heavy dueto t h e accumulationo f s l i d e s . This V i s o b j e c t i o n a b l e . Furthermore,such d e v i c e s a r e V l i k e l y t o jam during f l i g h t an dmake f u r t h e r t a r g e t exchange i m p o s s i b l e .

F r e q u e n t l y , i t i s d e s i r a b l e t o drop a used t a r g e twithout replacing t with a new n e . I - n the p a s t ,t h i s has r e q u i r e d s p e c i a l c a b l e s e v e r i n g d e v i c e swhich are r e l e a s e d ' from the plane and are designed t o c u t the tow c a b l e a t t h e t a r g e t . When' t h e c a b l e has been s e v e r e d t h e c u t t i n g d e v i c e f a l l s

t o the ground an d i s often l o s t s i n c e l i t doesnotbecom e ‘ a t t a c h e d e i t h e r t o the used target or t oan y length o f cable-that might serve as a marker.

I t i s therefore an o b - j e c t o f the present i nvention t o > provide a device which can t r a v e l alonga cable t o an obstruction and there añix i t s e l f so

as to secure a leader or another> cable at that

point.

An a d d i t i o n a l o b j e c t ' o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s

15

20

40

50

- 5 5

2to provide a n - attachment o f the above character

which may e a d i l y ' v b e used on towing c a b l e s f o rt h e exchange o f o b j e c t s b e i n g t o w e d .

`Another o b j e c t o f the invention i s t o provide atarget towing device which may be used t ostream a new target when a t ow cable has bee na c c i d e n t a l l y s e v e r e d .

A - f u r t h e r ' o b j e c t o f the i n v e n t i o n Y s t o provide ad e v i c e f o r s e v e r i n g a cable‘ata point remote fromi t s s e c u - r e d e n d .

A - s t i ' l l further o b j e c t o i the invention t o prov i d e a device ofthe above type which s s a f e » , cann o t p i l ' e u p ï i n l n u m - b e r s a t t h e e n d l o f t h e t ow c a b l e .an d i s e a s i l y r e c o v e r a b l e wh e n dropped duringa e r i a l - t o w i n g o p e r a t i o n s .

Other o b j e c t s Y an d advantages w i l l become ap

parent a s t h e f o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n i sr e a d i n c o n j u n c t i o n with the accompanyingdrawings w h e r e i n :

F i g . 1 . i s a s i d e elevation of o n e y e m b od i m e n t o f

t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n ;F i g . ` 2 r i s a t r a n s v e r s e y s e c t i o n p a r t l y i n e l e v a t i o n

o f t h e y e m bodim e n t i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g . l - ta ken onaline s u b s t a n t i a l l y corresponding t o l i n e 2_2" o fF i g , I a n d i showing the ñring hammer n a dottedl i n e c h a n g e d : p o s i t i o n . . .

F i g . 3 i s a l o n g i t u d i n a l s e c t i o n a l View o f theembodiment i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g s . 1 and 2 takenalong a l i n e s u b s t a n t i a l l y corresponding t o l i n e

3-3iof F i g . 2 ; a n d F i g . 4 i s a p e r s p e c t i v e view o f a t a r g e t towing

planewith an exchange t a r g e t on the t ow c a b l e ,c e r t a i n . p a r t s b e i n g shown r e l a t i v e l y e n l a r g e d f o r

purposes o f illustration.

I n the embodiment i l l u s t r a t e d i n t h e drawingsthe device comprises a t r a v e l e r l l 0 having a front

plate I l l an d a rear p l a t e - I 2 held in spaced r e l at i o n by a p l u r a l i t y o f c i r c u m f e r e n t i a l l y d i s p o s e d

rods i 3 secured b y nuts | 4 2 . A yoke o r b a i l l 5

having an aperture I 6 ~ i n which the l e a d e r I 1 ' o f

l a t a r g e t I 1 , F i g . 4 2 , m ay b e s e c u r e d , i s s w i n g a b l ym o u n t ed o n l an y t wo d i a m ‘ e t r i c a l l y v opposite spaci n g - r o d s : v such s rods l 3 ’ - l 3 ’ . This may e done

a n y ~ convenient manner s V by he provision o fo u t w a r d l y p r o j e c t i n g i n t e r n a l l y t h r e a d e d Y b o s s e sl i t - - I - S > welded or otherwise'secured t o the spacers

I ‘ 3 " I 3 ' . The b o s s e s may be reduced at t h e i ro u t e r ends I 8 ’ - | \ 8 ’ an d a r e p i v o t a l l y supportedi n - Y s u i t a b l e a p e r t u r e s i n t h e ends o f yoke armsI 5 ’ - l 5 ’ . Shoulder screws an d washers 29-26may be used t o retain t he yoke on t h e y b o s s e s , as

shown.A t a r g e t t ow cable 2 l , which may be attached

at one` e nd t o a tow plane ina conventional mann e r , e x t e n d s t h r o u g h c e n t r a l l y a l i g n e d a p e r t u r e s

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2 , 5 6 7 , 1 7 03

2 2 and 2 3 i n s p a c e d p l a t e s | | an d l 2 r e s p e c t i v e l y ,t h e a p e r t u r e s b e i n g r e i n f o r c e d w i t h g u i d e r i n g s2 4 an d 2 5 , which may be made f any wear r es i s t a n t material such as Carboloy or the 1 i k e „

spot-welded o r otherwise secured t o the o u t e rf a c e s o f t h e p l a t e s .

Secured _ t o the r e a r f a c e o f t h e f r o n t p l a t e ì | |i s a g r i p cone 2 6 having a tapered bore 2 1 i nr e g i s t r y with the c e n t r a l aperture 2 2 as i l l u s

t r a t e d i n F i g . 3 . Coope rating with t h e g r i p cone2 6 i s a g r i p member 2 8 which comprises a radia l l y d i s p o s e d p l a t e 2 9 with a p l u r a l i t y o f t a p e r e djaws 3 0 on i t s forward f a c e .

serrations 3 | on their inner faces and are int e g r a l with the plate 29 although a groove 32A «weakens t h e connection a t t h e junction with thep l a t e whereby t h e jaws may c o n v e r g e on t h ec a b l e wh en they are forced i n t o the tapered bore2 1 o f the g r i p cone 2 6 .

Clutch o p e r a t i n g pins33, 3 4 , an d 3 5 are s ecured t o the rear f a c e o f p l a t e 2 9 . an d extend

rearwardly through an d beyond s u i t a b l e apert u r e s i n the rear p l a t e I 2 . When the outer endso f these pins s t r i k e an object such a s a precedi n g t a r g e t t o w i n g d e v i c e 3 6 a l r e a d y s e c u r e d t othe remote e nd o f the t ow cable 2 | as i l l u s

t r a t e d i n F i g . l , t h e y d r i v e p l a t e 2 9 forwardan d jam t h e jaws 3 0 i n t o t i g h t engagement withthe towvcable. The serrations 3 | o n the innerf a c e s o f the jaws b i t e s l i g h t l y i n t o the c a b l e andp o s i t i v e l y p r e v e n t f u r t h e r rearward m o v e m e n to f the t r a v e l e r .

_ I t should be n o t ed that i f the cable i s severedin any m an n er such as by gunñre thereby r el e a s i n g t h e p r e c e d i n g t o w i n g d e v i c e , t h e a t t e n dant t h r e s h i n g around o f t h e f r e e end o f the tow

cable w i l l unstrand i t and cause a snarl 2 | ' t o beformed ( F i g . 3 ) . This s n a r l w i l l s e r v e t o s t o pt he traveler and stream a new target.

I n addition t o m ea n s f o r gripping the c a b l ethe t r a v e l e r i s provided with m e a ns fo r s e v e ri n g t h e c a b l e behind t h e c a b l e g r i p p i n g jawsan d t h i s means w i l l now be d e s c r i b e d . On theinner f a c e o f the r e a r p l a t e I 2 i s m o u n t ed - i n

an y convenient Imanner a p i s t o l 3 1 comprisinga c a r t r i d g e r e c e i v i n g chamber- 3 8 adapted t o r e - lc e i v e a percussion ñred cartridge 3 9 . A cart r i d g e l a t c h 4 U i s tenoned i n the t o p o f the p i s t o lan d s u i t a b l y grooved t o engage the annularñange on the base o f a cartridge as i l l u s t r a t e din Fig. 3 .

As w i l l be noted i n F i g . 2 the cartridge i s

ñred a t the appropriate moment by means o fa hammer 4 | p i v o t a l l y m o u n t e d at 4 2 t o ones i d e o f t h e p i s t o l a s shown. The Ahammer i surged toward t h e base o f t h e c a r t r i d g e by as p r i n g 4 3 an d i s r e t a i n e d i n cocked p o s i t i o n byengagement o f a t i p 4 2 a , with an nlarged s h o u lder 4 4 on t h e ` contact pin 3 3 ; I t w i l l be apparent that when t h e pin 3 3 c o n t a c t s an y obstruction such a s > a , towing d e v i c e , i t w i l l m o v ea x i a l l y - t o d i s e n g a g e t i p 4 2 a l and p e r m i t s p r i n g4 3 t o cause the hammer 4 | t o s t r i k e t he cart r i d g e 3 9 , a s shown i n o u t l i n e i n F i g . 2 , f i r i n g

i t t o p r o p e l a k s l u g 4 5 h a v i n g s e r r a t e d c a b l e c u tt i n g e d g e s a g a i n s t t h e tow c a b l e , which e x t e n d sthrough a s u i t a b l e passageway 4 8 i n the lower

p o r t i o n o f t h e p i s t o l i m m e d i a t e l y beneath t h es l u g a s i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g . 3 , s e v e r i n g t h e c a b l et o r e l e a s e t h e p r e c e d i n g t a r g e t t o w i n g d e v i c eand it s attached t arge t . K A ,

To p r e v e n t a c c i d e n t a l f i r i n g o f t h e p i s t o l 3 1 ,a s a f e t y p i n 4 6 i s i n t e r p o s e d i n v t h e path o f

m o v e m e n t o f the hammer a s shown i n F i g s . 2

an d 3 . I f i t i s d e s i r e d ` t o s e v e r an o b j e c t from

The j a w s 3 0 h a v e of the t o w cable.

40

i n )

- 7 5

4the c a b l e a t i t s remote e n d , the s a f e t y pin i sremov ed j u s t b e f o r e the t r a v e l e r i s launchedfrom the p l a n e . However, i f f o r any reason i tshould not be desired t o sever the c a b l e , as f o rinstance wh en the t r a v e l e r i s t o engage a s n a r l

formed by a c c i d e n t a l c u t t i n g o f t h e tow l i n e ,` t h e s a f e t y pin i s l e f t i n p l a c e .The operation o f the d e v i c e i s a s f o l l o w s :Prior t o t a k e - o f i ` a . number o f loaded an d

cocked t r a v e l e r s a r e strung onto the t ow c a b l eand a t a r g e t i s attached by a s u i t a b l e clamp( n o t shown) o r by another t r a v e l e r t o the end

A f t e r t h e p l a n e i s i n f l i g h tan d i t has become necessary t o r e p l a c e the f i r s t

t a r g e t , the l e a d e r I 1 ’ o f a new t a r g e t I 1 i s s e

cured t o the b a i l | 5 o f a t r a v e l e r , the s a f e t yp i n 4 6 i s removed, an d t h e t r a v e l e r I 0 and t a r g e t| 1 are launched from the plane a s in F i g . 4 , t os l i d e along t h e c a b l e u n t i l the c o n t a c t p i n s 3 3 ,3 4 , an d 3 5 engage t he clamping means f o r t h eñ r s t t a r g e t . The impact c a u s e s the jaws 3 0 t o

be jam m ed i n t o t h e g r i p cone 2 6 an d t h e p i s t o l3 1 t o be ñred a s above-described, thereby r el e a s i n g t h e ñ r s t t a r g e t > w h i c h i l o a t s t o e a r t h t obe picked up by a ground c r e w . Later t a r g e treplacements are Amade i n a similar fashion, an dthe t r a v e l e r s severed from the c a b l e can be e a s i l y

recovered s i n c e each W i l l be attached t o a t a r g e tsleeve which w i l l serve as a marker.

Should a t r a v e l e r and i t s attached target bec u t l o o s e by g u n f i r e a n e w t r a v e l e r with i t s s a f e t yp i n l e f t i n p l a c e may e r e l e a s e d : f r o m the p l a n et o engage the usual snarl as above-described andstream a n e w t a r g e t from that p o i n t .

When towing o p e r a t i o n s have been c o n c l u d e d ,a t r a v e l e r without an a t t a c h e d v r t a r g e t Amay be

launched from the p lane t o c u t the c a b l e a t i t sremote e nd an d r e l e a s e the l a s t t a r g e t . This permits t h e c l e a r e d t ow c a b l e , with t h i s l a s t t r a v e l e ra t t a c h e d , t o b e moreeasily r e e l e d i n t o t h e a i r c r a f t .

I t i s t o be understood that though the d e v i c es p e c i f i e d above i s designed f o r use with a e r i a l t owt a r g e t s , i t may, with s l i g h t m o d i f i c a t i o n be usedin an y operation where t i s d e s i r a b l e t o sever an ycable a t a point remote from i t s secured e n d .Hence, t h i s s p e c i ñ c a t i o n l i s merely i l l u s t r a t i v e o fthe i n v e n t i o n an d changes may r e a d i l y be madeby t h o s e s k i l l e d i n the a r t within t he scope o ft h e appended c l a i m s .

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or f o r the Gov ernment o f

the United S t a t e s o f » America f o r governmentalpurposes without t h e payment-of 4 a n y r o y a l t i e sthereonor therefor. - . »

What s claimed s: v ~ „

1 . The combination with a cable having an obs t r u c t i o n thereon o f a v t r a v e l e r adapted t o s l i d e

on the c a b l e an d s t r i k e the o b s t r u c t i o n , m eanso p e r a t e d by impact o f t h e t r a v e l e r with t h e o bs t r u c t i o n tosecure t h e t r a v e l e r t o t h e c a b l e , an dmeans operated by s a i d impact t o s e v e r t h e c a b l e

b e h i n d t h e s e c u r i n g means whereby t h e o b s t r u ction i s separated from he c a b l e . V i

2 . A a b l e ` s e v e r i n g d e v i c e comprising . t r a v e l e radapted t o s l i d e upon t h e c a b l e , m ea n s f o r guidi n g t h e t r a v e l e r a l o n g s a i d c a b l e , means o p e r a t e d

by t h e impact o f t h e t r a v e l e r w i t h an o b s t r u c t i o nt o s t o p an d hold the t r a v e l e r on the c a b l e a t thep o i n t o f i m p a c t , and means o p e r a t e d by t h e impact o f t h e t r a v e l e r w i t h t h e o b s t r u c t i o n t o s e v e rt h e c a b l e behind t h e s t o p p i n g I a n d v h o l d i n g meansbut in front of t he obstruction.

3 . Acable s e v e r i n g d e v i c e c o m p r i s i n g a , t r a v e l e radapted t o s l i d e u p o n a c a b l e , m ea n s f o r guiding

t h e ~ t r a v e l e r i n i t s m o v e m e n t V a l o n g t h e ' c a b l e ,

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2 , 5 6 7 , 1 7 05

means o p e r a t e d b y i m p a c t o f t h e t r a v e l e r a g a i n s tan o b s t r u c t i o n t o anchor the t r a v e l e r t o t h e c a b l ea t the p o i n t o f impact s a i d anchoring m eans co mp r i s i n g a bushing attached t o the t r a v e l e r andhaving a t a p e r e d b o r e through which t h e c a b l eextends, an d tapered jaws surrounding the cable `

an d p o s i t i o n e d s o that they may be jammed n t ot h e t a p e r e d b o r e an d be caused t o g r i p t h e c a b l es o a s t o prevent further movement f the t r a v e l e rwh e n t h e t r a v e l e r impacts the o b s t r u c t i o n .

4 . A a b l e s e v e r i n g d e v i c e comprising a t r a v e l e radapted t o s l i d e along a c a b l e , means f o r g u i d i n gt h e t r a v e l e r i n i t s m o v e m e n t along s a i d c a b l e ,means o p e r a t e d by impact o f t h e t r a v e l e r a g a i n s tan obstruction t o anchor the t r a v e l e r o n the c a b l ea t t h e p o i n t o f i m p a c t , an d means o p e r a t e d byt h e impact o f t h e t r a v e l e r with s a i d o b s t r u c t i o nt o s e v e r the c a b l e , s a i d s e v e r i n g m eans i n c l u d i n ga c a r t r i d g e r e c e i v i n g chamber d i s p o s e d a d j a c e n tthe c a b l e . a ñring hammer adjacent t he c a r t r i d g echamber, an d d e t e n t means a g a i n s t which t h e

t r i g g e r i s s p r i n g urged wh en t i s i n cocked p o s it i o n , s a i d d e t e n t means b e i n g o p e r a b l e by t h eimpact o f the t r a v e l e r with the obstruction t o r el e a s e the t r i g g e r an d ñre the c a r t r i d g e t o s e v e r

the c a b l e .5 . A t ow t a r g e t exchange d e v i c e comprising a

t r a v e l e r adapted t o s l i d e u p o n a t ow c a b l e , m e a nsf o r attaching a t ow t a r g e t t o the t r a v e l e r , meansf o r s e c u r i n g the t r a v e l e r t o the t ow c a b l e uponimpact with a preceding t a r g e t towing d e v i c e onthe e nd o f the c a b l e , an d m eans f o r severing thetow c a b l e t o f r e e t h e p r e c e d i n g t a r g e t towingd e v i c e with i t s a t t a c h e d t a r g e t . s a i d s e v e r i n g

20

y 2 5

3 0

6means b e i n g o p e r a t e d by t h e impact o f t h et r a v e l e r w i t h t h e p r e c e d i n g t a r g e t t o w i n g d e v i c e .

6 . A e v i c e f o r c o n n e c t i n g o b j e c t s t o an d d i sconnecting o b j e c t s from c a b l e s , l i n e s o r the l i k ecomprising a front p l a t e , a rear p l a t e , m ea n s f o rs u p p o r t i n g s a i d p l a t e s i n spaced r e l a t i o n , each o fs a i d p l a t e s having a c a b l e r e c e i v i n g openingt h e r e t h r o u g h , c a b l e g r i p p i n g means f o r s e c u r i n gt h e t r a v e l e r t o t h e c a b l e , an d o p e r a t i n g means f o ractuating the c a b l e gripping m eans u pon contacto f the t r a v e l e r with an o b s t r u c t i o n .

' 7 . A a b l e s e v e r i n g d e v i c e which may l i d e alonga cable comprising a t r a v e l e r frame, m e a ns f o rguiding the frame along the c a b l e , m ea n s ope r a t e d by impact o f the t r a v e l e r a g a i n s t an obs t r u c t i o n t o anchor the t r a v e l e r on the c a b l e , an dm ean s operated by s a i d impact t o s e v e r the c a b l ebeyond the anchoring means s a i d last-namedm ea n s including a c u t t e r , e x p l o s i v e m ea n s f o ra c t u a t i n g t h e c u t t e r , ` an d f i r i n g means f o r f i r i n gt h e e x p l o s i v e upon s a i d impact whereby t h e c a b l e

i s s e v e r e d .RICHARD AIKEN.

REFERENCES CITED

The following references are o f record i n theñ l e o f t h i s p a t e n t :

UNITED STATES PATENTS

Number Name Date2,385,813 Jessen ____________ _ Oct. 2 , 1945

2 , 4 6 0 , 2 9 4 Jessen ___________ _ ` Feb. 1 , 19492,489,632 Fried er _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Nov. 29, 1949

2,499,012 Welsh _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -_ Feb. 28, 1950