Total No. of Questions : 9] [Total No. of Pages : 03 · Total No. of Questions : 9] [Total No. of...

Total No. of Questions : 9] [Total No. of Pages : 03

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY - 2013

(Examination at the end of IVth Year First Semester)

Civil Engineering

(Paper - I) : ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS - II

Time : 03 Hours Maximum Marks : 75

Answer Question No. 1 compulsory (15 × 1 = 15)

Answer One question from each unit (4 × 15 = 60)

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B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY - 2013(Examination at the end of IVth Year First Semester)

Civil Engineering(Paper - II) : EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory. (15 × 1 = 15)

Answer ONE question from each unit. (4 × 15 = 60)

Q1) Answer the following briefly.a) What is the difference between intensity and magnitude of an earthquake?b) How is earthquake load different from the other types of loads?c) What are the different types of vibrations?d) Define DoF.e) What is the purpose of seismic zoning?f) What do you mean by free and forced vibrations?g) What do you mean by seismic weight?h) What is a response spectrum?i) Define critical damping?j) What do you mean by soft storey?k) What is epicenter?l) What is response spectrum?m) List the different types of seismic waves in the order of their velocities.n) How is seismology different from earthquake engineering?o) What is liquefaction?

UNIT - IQ2) A 120 m long prestressed box girder is supported on four supports-two abutments and two

symmetrically located piers- as shown in Fig.1. The cross-sectional area of the deck is120 m2. The weight of the deck is idealized as lumped; the unit weight of concrete being25 kN/m3. The weight of the piers can be neglected. Each pier consists of four 8 m heightcolumns of square section, with l

x = l

y = 0.12 m4. Formulate the equation of motion governing

free vibrations in longitudinal direction. Also find the natural circular frequency, naturalperiod and natural frequency of the free vibration of the deck slab. Young’s modulus ofconcrete = 28000 MPa.

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ORQ3) For the structure shown in Fig.2, obtain the fundamental mode frequency. Take M

1= 300

kN-s2/m, M2

= M3

= 500 kN-s2/m, K1= 12 x 104 kN/m, K

2 = 24 x 104 kN/m and

K3 = 48 x 104 kN/m. Sketch the mode shapes.

UNIT - IIQ4) Explain clearly different instruments for strong ground motion measurements with neat

sketches.

ORQ5) What is liquefaction? Explain different factors that affect liquefaction.

UNIT - IIIQ6) Explain, with sketches, the different types of damages in masonry caused by earthquakes?

ORQ7) A two-storeyed building has plan dimensions as shown in Fig.3. The size of columns on the

two exterior rows is 230 × 300mm. The size of interior columns in the middle row is230 × 450mm. The height of each floor 3m. The live load on each floor is 3 kN/m2 inaddition to dead load of beams, slabs, etc. The soil below the foundation is assumed to behard. The building is located in Chennai. Estimate the base shear and its distribution atvarious floors by seismic coefficient method.

UNIT - IV

Q8) Explain the repair and retrofitting methods for the damages in steel structures caused byearthquakes.

ORQ9) What are the different repair techniques for damages in masonry caused by earthquakes?

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��Total No. of Questions : 4] [Total No. of Pages : 02


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year First Semester)

Civil Engineering

(Paper - III) : WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING - III DESIGN & DRAWING


Answer any one question from each unitAll questions carry equal marks

UNIT - I

Q1) Design and draw a lined canal carrying 225 M3/sec has to be flumed through a ridge 1650 Mlong where rock has been Met with. The canal in the normal reach has the following hydraulicparticulars.Discharge : 225 M3/sec,Bed width : 26MDepth : 5MVelocity of flow : 1.35 M/second

Side slopes 1

1 :12

and coefficient of rugosity 0.018 for lined canal.

longitudinal bed slope : 1/10,000.the flume portion is assumed to be in hard rock where a side slope of 1/4 to 1 is permissible.The maximum velocity assumed in the flume may be taken as 2.5 m/sec. Assume the wholeflume also to be lined (n = 0.018).

ORQ2) A notch type of fall has the following data

Discharge : 4 cemecs at u/s of drop and 4 cemecs at d/s of drop.Bed width : 5.5 M at u/s of drop and 5.5 mat d/s of drop.Bed level : + 12 M at u/s of drop and + 10 M at d/s of drop.Full supply depth : 1.6 M at u/s of drop and 1.6 M at d/s of drop.Free board 1 M at u/s of drop and 1 M at d/s of drop.The ground level at the site of work is + 10.50 M.Good soil for foundation is available at + 8 M.Half supply depth may be taken as 1.25 M.Design the Dropwall, cistern and notches. Draw half plan at foundation, half at top and across section across the body wall showing the body wall, cistern and protective aprons bothupstream and downstream sides.

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UNIT - II

Q3) A tank surplus has the following dataCombined catchment = 38 SQ . kmIntercepled catchment = 24 SQ . kmFTL = + 17.00 MCrest level of wein = + 17.00 MMWL = + 17.75MG.L at site of work = + 16.00 MHard soil for foundation is available at + 14.50 MTake C = 10 and c = 1.6 in Ryves formulaTop of tank bund level = + 18.75MTop width of bank = 3M

Tank bund slopes u/s = 1

1 :12

D/s = 2 : 1Design the length of Weir, Abutments, wing walls and returns.Draw a section across the body wall showing aprons etc. half plan at foundation and halfplan at top clearly showing the bank connections.

OR

Q4) Design and draw a syphon a conduct type - III fluming the canal through an R.C.C trough.Canal : discharge = 56 cumecsBed width = 32 metersF.S depth 1.98 m and canal free board 1 M

Bank slopes U/s 1:1 and D/s 1

1 :12

Reduced level of canal bed + 267 M.top width of bank on left side 3M while the right bank carries a road way 6.5 M wide.Drainage:High flood discharge : 425 cumecs.Max. flood level of the drain at site of work = + 268.2 M.General bed level of the low water cross section = + 265.5MGeneral ground level = + 267.20 Mthe foundations of abutments and respective wing wall and returns both on the u/s and d/sare taken to the respective scour depth levels. Assuming silt factor as 1.0. Hard soil forfoundation is available below = + 264 m.Limiting velocity in the drainage not to exceed 3.5 m/sec.the canal velocity in the through is not to exceed twice the normal velocity in the canal. Findout the loss of head in the Canal due to the crossing by total energy line. Similarly find outthe H.F.L of the drain upstream of the structure, keeping the normal H.F.L of the drain at thed/s returns of the drainage barrel. The road way may be carried over the drainage barrel.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING

(Paper - IV) : Environmental Engineering - II


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory. Answer ONE question from each Unit.

Q1) Write brief notes on:

a) What is D.W.F.?

b) Why OVOID shaped sewer is desirable for the conveyance of sanitary sewage?

c) What is Leaping Weir?

d) Name the trap having the maximum depth of water seal.

e) Name the treatment unit adopted to remove coarse sand, gravel and egg shells fromsewage.

f) Name the different stages of Self Purification of Streams.

g) What is Elutriation?

h) What is Sludge Conditioning?

i) What is Sewage Sickness?

j) What is a Skimming Tank.

k) State an advantage of C.O.D over B.O.D.

l) What is Psychoda Alternata?

m) When do you prefer Incineration of Solid Waste?

n) What is Controlled Tipping?

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UNIT - I

Q2) a) What are Separate and Combined system of Sewerage? Explain their relative advantagesand disadvantages.

b) What is Storm Water Regulation? Describe any one in detail.

OR

Q3) a) What is a Manhole? When and where do you locate Manholes? With a neat sketch,explain its functioning.

b) What is Lamphole? Explain.

UNIT - II

Q4) a) Define B.O.D.

b) If the 8 day, 35ºC B.O.D. of a waste water is 300 mg/l, calculate its 3 day B.O.D. at18ºC.

OR

Q5) a) Describe the functioning of an Imhoff Tank with a neat figure.

b) How an Imhoff tank is different from a Septic tank?

UNIT - III

Q6) a) With a neat sketch, explain the working of a Standard Rate Trickling Filter.

b) Design a Trickling Filter for a population of 90,000 provided with a rate of watersupply of 150 lpcd. Assume the B.O.D. of raw sewage as 250 mg/l.

OR

Q7) a) What is Activated Sludge Process? Explain.

b) Compare the functioning of Activated Sludge Process with that of a Trickling Filter.

UNIT - IV

Q8) a) Explain the various factors influencing Sludge Digestion.

b) What is Sludge Thickening? Explain.

OR

Q9) a) State the different methods of Natural Disposal of sewage.

b) What is Refuse? What are its components? Describe their characteristics.

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Civil Engineering

(Paper - V) : ESTIMATION & VALUATION


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory.

Answer ONE question from each unit.

Q1) a) State the functions of abstract estimate?

b) What is carpet area?

c) Define estimating.

d) What is work order?

e) Define gross rent.

f) How can you calculate the carpet area?

g) Define toothing and bonding.

h) Define book value.

i) Distinguish between freehold property and leasehold property

j) Define mortgage

k) What are municipal taxes?

l) Define annuity.

m) What is technical sanction?

n) Explain depreciation method of valuation?

o) Write the importance of degree of accuracy.

Unit - I

Q2) a) Explain individual wall method with a suitable example?

b) What are the principle of units for various items of works and materials?

OR

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Q3) Estimate the required quantities and provide rate analysis for the following data from thegiven plan (Fig: 1) by using centre line method.

a) Earth work excavation in foundation

b) C.C in foundation

c) First class brick work in foundation (C.M of 1:4)

d) First class brick work in super structure

e) Plastering with 1: 3 C: M

f) Flooring with 1: 4 C: M

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Unit - II

Q4) Explain briefly earth work in canals with different cases?

OR

Q5) Estimate the quantity of earthwork in a tabular form for a portion of a road from the followingdata:-

Formation width of road is 9.00 m. Side slopes 1.5: 1 (H : V) in banking and 1: 1 in cutting.The distance in between stations is 50 m

Stations 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

R.L. of ground (m) 102.35 101.80 102.05 102.50 103.15 103.45 103.00 103.85

R.L. of formation 103.50 m and in a uniform upward gradient of 1 in 200.

Unit - III

Q6) a) Write technical specifications for Mosaic flooring and plastering cement mortars.

b) Calculate the rate for 1 m3 of plain cement concrete (l :5: 1 0) in foundation.

OR

Q7) a) Calculate the rate for 10m3 of coursed rubble masonry in foundation in Cement Mortar(l :6).

b) What do you understand about the bar bending and what factors plays major roll inthe case of bar bending?

Unit - IV

Q8) a) What do you understand about the valuation and explain its methods in detail.

b) Explain any case study in valuation of a building.

OR

Q9) Explain the following :

a) Cost

b) Sinking fund

c) Revised estimate

d) Salvage value

e) Easement

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B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY - 2013(Examination at the end of IVth Year First Semester)

CIVIL ENGINEERING(Paper - VI) : Pre Stressed Concrete


Q1) a) Write the need for high strength steel and high strength concrete in prestressed concreteworks. [2]

b) Mention the losses of prestress which occur in post tensioned members but not inpretensioned members. Write the expressions for these losses. [2]

c) What happens when the thrust line coincides with the bottom kern axis of the beam.[2]d) What is load balancing concept. [2]e) Differentiate bonded PSC members from un-bonded PSC members. [2]f) What is transmission length? How it is determined? [2]g) Sketch web shear cracks in a PSC member. [2]h) State any two important factors influencing deflections. [1]

UNIT - I

Q2) a) Explain the general principles of prestressing. What are the advantages anddisadvantages of prestressed concrete over reinforced concrete. [5]

b) Enumerate a few popular prestressing systems with reference to post tensioning methodsand explain any one of them in detail. [10]

OR

Q3) A post tensioned prestressed concrete beam spanning 12m and having a cross section of200mm × 350mm is prestressed with a straight cable located at a constant eccentricity of50 mm. The initial stress in the cable is 1000N/mm2 having an area of 320mm2. Calculatethe percentage loss of stress in the cable using the following data :Shrinkage strain in concrete = 200 × 10–6

Friction coefficient for wave effect = 0.0015/mSlip at anchorage = 1mmRelaxation of steel stress = 5% of initial stressE

S = 2.1 × 105N/mm2

EC

= 0.35 × 105N/mm2 [15]UNIT - II

Q4) A post - tensioned girder of 20 m span has a symmetrical I-section with the following details:Flanges : 750mm × 200mmWeb : 300mm × 800mmIt has a parabolic cable line with eccentricities equal to 500mm, – 200mm and – 200mm atmid span and the two ends. At the initial stage, the prestressing force is 3,780kN and thedead load is 17.08kN/m inclusive of self weight. At the final stage, the prestressing forcereduces to 3,240kN and the total load is 50.16kN/m. Determine the extreme fibre stresses atmid span section at the initial and final stages. [15]

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OR

Q5) A concrete beam with a rectangular section, 100mm wide and 300mm deep, is stressed by 3cables, each carrying an effective force of 240kN. The span of the beam is 10m. The firstcable is parabolic with an eccentricity of 50mm below the centroidal axis at the centre ofspan and 50mm above the centroidal axis at the supports. The second cable is parabolic withzero eccentricity at the supports and an eccentricity of 50mm at the centre of span. The thirdcable is straight with a uniform eccentricity of 50mm below the centroidal axis. If the beamsupports a uniformly distributed live load of 5kN/m and E

c = 38kN/mm2, estimate the

instantaneous deflection at the following stages : [15]a) Prestress + Self weight of beam andb) Prestress + self weight + Live load.

UNIT - III

Q6) A prestressed concrete T-beam is to be designed to support an imposed load of 4.4kN/mover a span of 5m. The T-beam is made up of flange of size 400mm × 40mm. The rib is100mm wide and 200mm deep. If the allowable stress is limited to 15MPa and 0.75MPa incompression and tension respectively, determine the required prestressing force and itseccentricity at mid span section. [15]

OR

Q7) A straight, pre-cast pretensioned beam of I section is to be designed to support a uniformlydistributed imposed load of 8kN/m in addition to the self weight of the member, the effectivespan of the simply supported beam is to be 9m. Using concrete of grade M45 with permissiblecompressive stress in concrete at transfer and working loads as 15N/mm2 and 5mm diameterhigh tensile steel wires of ultimate tensile strength 1600N/mm2, which are initially stressedto 1200N/mm2, design the cross section of the girder as a class 1 member without allowingany tension under working loads. Assume the loss of prestress as 20 percent. Sketch thecross section of the girder at the centre of span showing the arrangement of wires. Loadfactors of 1.5 for dead load and 2.5 for live load may be assumed. [15]

UNIT - IV

Q8) Design the shear reinforcement for a PSC beam of size 440mm × 1300mm carrying aprestressing force of 3300kN located at an eccentricity of 360mm. The area of prestressingsteel is 3000mm2. Grade of concrete is M35 and the characteristic strength of the prestressingsteel is 2000MPa and the effective prestress is 1100MPa. Ultimate shear force over thesection considered is 650kN and the ultimate bending moment is 950kN.m. [15]

OR

Q9) A prestressed concrete beam is 700mm deep and 250mm wide and is subjected to aprestressing force of 1200kN at an eccentricity of 100mm. The anchoring plate is 200mmwide and 350mm deep. Calculate the bursting stress and the reinforcement required in thezone of transmission. [15]

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Civil Engineering

(Paper - VI) : STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory (15 � 1 = 15) Answer One question from Each Unit (4 � 15 = 60)

Q1) a) Define ‘D’ Alembert’s principle.

b) Define Damping.

c) What do you mean by static degrees of freedom?

d) Explain static and dynamic loading.

e) What are dynamic parameters?

f) What do you mean by logarithmic decrement?

g) What is critical damping?

h) Differentiate between free vibration and forced vibration.

i) State the principle of virtual work.

j) State Newton’s law of motion.

k) Define dynamic load factor.

l) What is Rayleigh Method.

m) Explain harmonic forced excitation.

n) Define Natural frequency.

o) What is free body diagram?

UNIT - I

Q2) Derive the equation of motion for single degree undamped vibration and give its solution.

OR

Q3) A vibrating system consists of mass of 200 kg. A spring stiffness of 600 N/cm and damperwith a damping co-efficient of 6N/cm–1 sec. Determine damping factor and the naturalfrequency of damped vibration.

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UNIT - II

Q4) Derive the equations of motion for an SDOF systems under damped harmonic excitation.

OR

Q5) a) Explain briefly the Impulsive loading and Duhamel’s integral. [5]

b) Write a brief note on numerical evaluation of Duhamel’s integral undamped system.[10]

UNIT - III

Q6) Determine the natural frequency of vibration of a cantilever beam with a concentrated massat its end when the distributed mass is taken into account. The beam has a total mass ‘mb’and length ‘l’. The flexural rigidity of the beam is E1 and the concentrated mass at its end ism.

OR

Q7) a) Explain briefly the generalised single degree of freedom system of a rigid body. [7]

b) Describe briefly the Rayleigh’s method. [8]

UNIT - IV

Q8) Explain clearly, how do you obtain the response of a shear building to base motion bytaking an example of two storey shear building.

OR

Q9) What are the generalised co-ordinates? Explain how do you obtain them for an SDOFsystem by considering and example of a rigid body.

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Civil Engineering

(Paper - VI) : FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory.

Answer One question from each unit.

Q1) Write briefly on:

a) Define the term finite element. (1)

b) List the common types of finite elements. (1)

c) What does the term degrees of freedom refer? (1)

d) Distinguish between plane stress and plane strain with suitable examples. (2)

e) Distinguish between natural co-ordinate system and general co-ordinate system. (2)

f) What is geometric variance? (1)

g) What is band width in finite element method? Discuss briefly with example. (2)

h) What is the importance of finite element method? (1)

i) What is the principle of minimum potential energy? (1)

j) How approximate functions selected for displacements? (1)

k) What are the characteristics of shape functions? (2)

UNIT - I

Q2) a) Describe the engineering applications of Finite Element Method indicating theirsignificance.

b) Briefly discuss about historical development of finite element analysis.

OR

Q3) a) Derive the material matrix [D] for a plane strain problem using generalized Hooke’slaw relations.

b) Briefly discuss about least square method and Galerkin’s method of finding solutions.

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UNIT - II

Q4) What are shape functions? Derive shape functions for linear 1- D element in natural coordinatesystem?

OR

Q5) Determine the displacements at the nodes of the spring system shown in figure.

UNIT - III

Q6) Determine the stiffness matrix, stresses and reactions in the truss structure shown in figure.

OR

Q7) A stepped bar is subjected to an axial load of 150 kN at the place of change of cross sectionand material as shown in Fig. below. Find the stresses in each material.

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UNIT - IV

Q8) a) Derive the shape functions for a 4-noded rectangular element in generalized coordinatesystem (ξ, η). Also sketch the shape functions.

b) Write a detailed note on Geometric Invariance and its relevance to F.E.M.

OR

Q9) Determine the stiffness matrix and the deflection at the center of the simply supported beamof length 2.5m. A 150kN of load is acting at the center of the beam and an u.d.l of 10kN/mthrough out the length. Take EI = 900 x 103 N.m2.

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(Examination at the end of IVth Year Second Semester)

CIVIL ENGINEERING

(Paper - I) : Advanced Design of Structures


Answer ONE question from each unit

UNIT - I

Q1) Design the following components of an Intze type Circular water tank to hold 2,50,000liters of capacity. The height of tank above the ground level is 12m. Use M20 grade concreteand Fe 415 grade steel. The intensity of wind pressure may be taken as 1.5kN/m.a) Top dome.b) Top ring beam.c) Cylindrical wall.

OR

Q2) Design a Circular tank of capacity 1,60,000 liters. The depth of tank is limited to 2.5 meters.The tank is resting on rigid base. The materials used are M20 grade and Fe415 steel. Adoptof I.S method of design.

UNIT - II

Q3) Design a deck slab for the following particulars.Clear span : 5.5 mWidth of foot path : 600 mm on either sideWearing coat thickness : 75 mmLoading : IRC Class AA TrackedMaterials : M25 grade concrete and Fe 415 grade steel.

OR

Q4) Design a T – Beam Bridge for the following data:Clear width of road way : 7.5 mEffective span between c/c of bearings : 18 mLive Load : IRC Class A wheeled vehicleAverage thickness of wearing coat : 75 mmMaterials : Use M20 grade concrete and Fe 415 grade

steel

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UNIT - III

Q5) a) Discuss the importance of bridges. How many types of bridges are available fromstructural action of a bridge?

b) Discuss the different methods of determining B.M in slabs due to a wheel load.OR

Q6) Design a T-beam R.C. bridge superstructure for the following data.Clear width of road way = 7.5 mEffective span of bridge = 18 mLive load : IRC class AA loadingThickness of wearing coat = 80 mmMaterials = M20 grade concrete and Fe 415 grade steel.

UNIT - IV

Q7) a) What are the various types of piers? Explain Trestle R.C. Pier with neat sketches.b) List the various forces and loads to be considered in the design of Piers.

ORQ8) Verify the stability of the abutment of a bridge with the following data:

Top width : 1.6mHeight : 5mFront face of the abutment is vertical and back batter is 1 in 6Material used is MasonryUnit weight of soil : 20kN/m3

Angle of repose : 30ºLoading : IRC Class A (Tracked)Superstructure : T – Beam Bridge of span 18 m

UNIT - V

Q9) a) Explain the various types of bridge bearings.b) Design an end rocker bearing for a bridge for the following data. Vertical load including

impact, LL and DL = 1100kN, Vertical load due to wind = 190 kN, Lateral load at thepin of the bearing due to wind = 65 kN, Longitudinal load = 250 kN and Allowablebearing pressure on the concrete = 5 N/mm2.

ORQ10) a) Describe in detail the various components of well foundations describing their

requirements in analyzing the foundation.b) What are the various parameters influencing the selection of type of foundation for

bridges? Discuss briefly.

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Civil Engineering

(Paper - II) : CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory (15�� 1 = 15)

Answer ONE question from each Unit

Q1) a) What is controlling?

b) Amplify PERT and CPM.

c) Define task.

d) What are the basic elements of a project network?

e) Define successor event.

f) What is backward planning?

g) What is sub critical path?

h) Define expansion limit.

i) What is slack?

j) What is resource leveling?

k) Define updating.

l) What do you mean by ISO - 9000?

m) Give any two safety benefits for employees.

n) What do you mean by MIS?

o) Define annuity.

UNIT - I

Q2) a) Describe the various phases of project management in construction. (9)

b) What are the short comings of bar charts? (6)

OR

Q3) a) Explain the method of preparing bar charts with help of suitable example. (9)

b) Write a brief note on preparation of construction schedules. (6)

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UNIT - IIQ4) a) Explain the Fulkerson’s rule. (5)

b) Draw the PERT network for the following data: (10)

Activity P Q R S T U V W X Y ZPreceding - - - P Q Q,T R Q,T Q,T V,X S,UActivity

OR

Q5) Find the critical path of the following network using floats. (15)

Activity A B C D E F G

Followed by B,C,D E F,G,H I,J K,L,M E K,L,M

Duration (days) 2 3 4 3 5 4 6

Activity H I J K L M N O

Followed by N N O N O - O -

Duration (days) 6 4 4 7 3 4 6 6

UNIT - III

Q6) a) Discuss in brief the resource allocation problem. What are the methods for solving it?(9)

b) What are the functions of material management department? (6)OR

Q7) a) Explain in detail about the classification of construction equipment. (9)b) What are the factors effecting cost owning and operating the equipment. (6)

UNIT - IV

Q8) a) Write about the importance of “total quality management” in construction field. (9)b) What are the prevention steps to take against fire accidents in construction industry?

(6)OR

Q9) Explain the following: (15)a) Communication tools for construction field.b) Business cycle.c) Discounted cash flow analysis.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING

(Paper - III) : Transportation Engg. - II


Q1) a) What is coning of wheels?

b) What are Roaring Rails?

c) List out the methods to reduce wear.

d) How is creep measured?

e) What is momentum gradient?

f) What is the function of switch tie plate in location of points?

g) What are ‘A’ Class Stations?

h) Define ‘Minimum Turning Radius’ of Aircraft?

i) What is Jet Blast?

j) Define Transitional Surface.

k) What is Effective Gradient?

l) Define a Artificial Harbour?

m) Differentiate between Jetty and Wharf?

n) What are Composite Break waters?

o) Specify the advantages of welded rails.

UNIT - I

Q2) a) Enumerate the factors that govern the choice of different gauges in Railway track.

b) Define Creep? What are the indications of creep? Also explain the different theoriesof creep?

OR

Q3) a) What are Sleepers? What are the functions of Sleepers? Also, list out the requirementsof good sleepers?

b) Give a clear comparison of flat - footed rails and bull - headed rails with sketches?

UNIT - II

Q4) a) Define super elevation or Cant. What are the objects of providing super elevation?Derive the expression between superelevation gauge, speed and radius of curve?

b) Draw a neat sketch of a Turnout showing its component parts.

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OR

Q5) a) What is a crossing? What are the requirements and characteristics of a good crossing?Also, draw a neat sketch showing its component parts?

b) What is signalling? Classify the different types of signals based on their functions.

UNIT - III

Q6) a) Describe the different aircraft characteristics that need to be studied.

b) Describe the different types of surveys to be conducted for the site selection of anairport?

OR

Q7) a) What is Basic Runway length? How is the final length of a runway obtained afterapplying the corrections for Elevation, Temperature and Gradient?

b) What is Airport Capacity? Explain the various factors affecting airport OperatingCapacity?

UNIT - IV

Q8) a) What is a Harbour? How are harbours broadly classified?

b) What are Breakwaters? Describe the different types of breakwaters with sketches?

OR

Q9) a) What are fixed navigational structures? Draw a neat sketch of light house explainingthe functions of component parts?

b) What is Dredging? How are dredging works classified?

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Civil Engineering

(Paper - IV) : ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory

Answer ONE question from each unit

Q1) a) What should be the maximum B.O.D. of an effluent before it is let off into naturalstreams?

b) What is Reaeration of a polluted stream?

c) What is the minimum level of D.O. in streams for the safe survival of aquatic life?

d) What is Eutrophication?

e) What is Symbiosis?

f) Name another biological treatment unit working on the same principle of R.B.C.

g) Name an air pollutant harmful to animals but safe for plants.

h) Name the gas which is an AIR pollutant in Troposphere but is a Saviour in Stratosphere.

i) What is an Inversion?

j) When do you say the WIND is CALM?

k) What are the various types of collection equipment used to control air pollution?

l) What is the principle E.S.P.?

m) What is the difference between SMOKE and FUME.

n) Why the long Walls of an Auditorium are not parallel to each other.

UNIT - I

Q2) a) What is Oxygen Sag Curve? Point out the important zones on it.

b) Draw a neat figure of an Aerated Lagoon and explain its functioning.

OR

Q3) a) Draw a neat figure of an Oxidation Ditch and explain its working.

b) When do you go for ‘Extended Aeration’?

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UNIT - II

Q4) a) With a neat flow diagram, explain the sources and characteristics of sugar mill wastes.

b) State any One process of treating Dairy Waste Water.

OR

Q5) a) Explain any one method of treating Sugar Mill Waste Waters.

b) State the characteristics of Pulp and Paper mill wastes.

UNIT - III

Q6) a) Explain any one method of removal of Ammonia from waste water.

b) What is an Anaerobic filter? Explain clearly stating how it differ from a TricklingFilter?

OR

Q7) a) Define an Air Pollutant. Give out the classification of Air Pollutants.

b) With neat sketches, explain any three plumes stating when they are formed.

UNIT - IV

Q8) Describe the functioning of

a) Bag Filters.

b) Electrostatic precipitators.

OR

Q9) a) What is Noise? What are its Ill effects?

b) Explain how you can minimise noise levels in a

i) Residential House.

ii) Cine Theatre.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING

(Paper - IV) : Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretion


Answer Question No. 1 compulsory (15 � 1 = 15)

Answer One question from each unit

Q1) Answer all the questions.

a) What is the principle of remote sensing?

b) What is DEM? List out its uses.

c) Explain briefly about geometric correction of satellite images.

d) What is topology? Explain.

e) List out the important types of map projections applicable to India.

f) What is active remote sensing?

g) What is geo-stationary satellite? Name the latest Indian geo-stationary satellite.

h) Explain briefly about geometric correction of satellite images.

i) Define spectral signature.

j) What is push broom scanning?

k) What digital analysis do you use for land use classification?

l) Differentiate between vector and raster data structures.

m) What is waste land? How many types are there?

n) Name the latest sensors used in Indian Remote sensing satellites.

o) What is AVHRR?

UNIT - I

Q2) a) What is electromagnetic spectrum? Explain with a neat sketch. (8)

b) Delineate the regions of it which are of particular interest in Remote Sensing. (7)

OR

Q3) a) Explain about EMR’s interaction with earth’s surface. (8)

b) List out the important satellites and their sensors. (7)

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UNIT - II

Q4) a) What is digitizing? Explain the needs and procedure. (7)

b) What are the uses and limitations of Landsat images? (8)

OR

Q5) a) Explain how do you carry out the land use change detection study. (7)

b) Discuss the process for carrying out visual interpretation. (8)

UNIT - III

Q6) a) What are the methods for detecting forest cover changes? Explain. (8)

b) List out the various applications of remote sensing in water resources engineering.(7)

OR

Q7) a) Write down spectral signatures for vegetation, water bodies and soils. (7)

b) Explain role of remote sensing in the detection of temporal changes. (8)

UNIT - IV

Q8) a) Explain in detail about the various functions of GIS. (7)

b) What are the main characteristics of spatial data? (8)

OR

Q9) Write short notes on any two of the following: (15)

a) Need for GIS.

b) Topology.

c) Database management for GIS.

d) Global Positioning Systems (GPS).

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