TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE ABDOMEN OF THE ABDOMEN

Václav Báča, David KachlíkTereza Smržová, Martin Holek, Katarina

Hubčíkova, Radek Jakša

Department of

Anatomy, Third

Faculty

of

Medicine, Charles University in Prague

supported by grant FRVS 1101/2008/F3

Abdominal wallBORDERS:

Skin

Camper´s layer

(panniculus

adiposus

telae

subcutaneae

abdominis)

fascia

abdominis

subcutanea

Scarpae (stratummembranosum

telae

subcutaneae

abdominis

)

fascia

abdominis

superficialis

m. obliquus

abdominis

externus

m. obliquus

abdominis

internus

m. transversus

abdominis

(m. rectus

in the

sheath

of

m. recti

abd., m. pyramidalis)

fascia

transversalis

lamina parietalis

peritonei

CONTENT:

anulus

umbilicalis

(chorda a. umbilicalis, lig. teres

hepatis)

linea alba

linea arcuata

(Douglasi)

linea semilunaris

(Spiegeli)

anulus

inguinalis

superficialis

etprofundus

BURSA OMENTALISBURSA OMENTALIS ((lesserlesser

sacsac) ) BORDERS:

VENTRAL:stomach, omentum

minus, lig. gastrocolicum

DORSAL:peritoneum

(ceiling), peritoneum

+pankreas, duodenum (middle), omentum

majusposterior

lamina (bottom)

CRANIAL:lobus

caudatus

hepatis, left

diaphragmatic

vault

CAUDAL:colon

transversum, mesocolon

transvesum, omentum

majus

(with

recessus

inferior

b.o.)

LEFT:spleen, lig. gastrophrenicum

, lig. gastrosplenicum

(-lienale), lig. splenorenale

(lieno-)(containing

vasa

splenica+cauda

pancreatis), lig. phrenicosplenicum, lig. splenocolicum

CONTENT:

vestibulum bursae

omentalis

recessus

superior bursae

omentalis

recessus

inferior

bursae

omentalis

isthmus

bursae

omentalis

(tuberomentale)

recessus

splenicus

(lienalis)bursae

omentalis

FORAMEN OMENTALE FORAMEN OMENTALE ((epiploicumepiploicum

s. s. WinslowiWinslowi))BORDERS:

VENTRALLY:omentum

minus (lig. hepatoduodenale)

DORSALLY:peritoneum

(lig. hepatorenale)

CRANIALLY:liver

(processus

caudatus

lobi

caudati)

CAUDALLY:bulbus

(ampulla) duodeni

CONTENT:

entrance

to bursaomentalis

TRIGONUM STERNOCOSTALE TRIGONUM STERNOCOSTALE ((fissurafissura

LarreyiLarreyi s. s. MorgagniMorgagni) ) BORDERS:

VENTRAL:musculus

transversus

thoracis

MEDIAL:pars

sternalis

diaphragmatis

LATERAL:

pars

costalis

diaphragmatis

CONTENT:

vasa

thoracica

internapierce

the

diaphragma

ventrally

ofm. transversus

thoracis

(and

change

intovasa

epigastrica

sup.)

possible

site

for

hernia

tooccur

TRIGONUM LUMBOCOSTALE TRIGONUM LUMBOCOSTALE ((BochdalekiBochdaleki) )

BORDERS:

DORSAL:costa

duodecima

(XII.)

MEDIAL:pars

lumbalis

diaphragmatis

LATERAL:

pars

costalis

diaphragmatis

CONTENT:

possible

site

for

hernia to occur

LIGAMENTUM LIGAMENTUM HEPATODUODENALE HEPATODUODENALE

BORDERS:

RIGHT EDGE:= right

edge

of

lesser

omentum

BEGINNING:porta hepatis

END:pars

superior duodeni

(bulbus

duodeni)

CONTENT:

a. hepatica

propria(ventromedially)

ductus

hepaticus

communis (ventrolaterally),

connects

withductus

cysticus

to formductus

choledochus

vena

portae

(dorsally)

TRIGONUM CYSTOHEPATICUM TRIGONUM CYSTOHEPATICUM ((CalotiCaloti) )

BORDERS:

CRANIAL:liver

(porta hepatis, lobus

quadratus)

MEDIAL:ductus

hepaticus

communis

LATERAL:ductus

cysticus

CONTENT:

arteria

cystica

(ligation)

RECESSUS PERITONEI RECESSUS PERITONEI

BORDERS:

1. pars

supramesocolica

cavitatisperitonealis

2. pars

inframesocolica

cavitatisperitonealis

bursa omentalis (recessus sup., inf., splenicus)

recessus subphrenicus, subhepaticus (hepatorenalis)

recessus duodenalis sup., inf., paraduodenalis, retroduodenalis

recessus ileocaecalis sup., inf., retrocaecalis

recessus intersigmoideus (Treitzi)

sulci paracolici

fossa supravesicalis, inguinalis med. et lat.

fossa paravesicalis, pararectalis

female: excavatio vesicouterina, rectouterina(spatium Douglasi), fossa ovarica

male: excavatio rectovesicalis

CANALIS INGUINALIS CANALIS INGUINALIS BORDERS:

4 -

5 cm long

cleft

slanting

ventromediocaudally

CRANIAL:caudal

borders

of

m. obliquus

abd. internus

andm. transvesus

abd. (falx

inguinalis)

CAUDAL:lig. inguinale

(Falloppii, Pouparti, Vesalii)

VENTRAL:aponeurosis

m. obliqui

abd. externi

DORSAL:fascia

transversalis

BEGINNING:anulus

inguinalis

profundus

(lig. interfoveolare, falx

inguinalis)

END:anulus

inguinalis

superficialis

(crura

med. et

lat., fibrae

intercrurales)

CONTENT:

nervus ilioinguinalis

ramus

genitalis

nervi genitofemoralis

vestigium

processus

vaginalis

a. cremasterica

/ a. lig. teretis

uteri

lymphatic

vessels

female: lig. teres

uteri

male: ductus

deferens

a. testicularis

a. ductus

deferentis

plexus

pampiniformis

plexus

deferentialis

et

testicularis

TRIGONUM INGUINALE TRIGONUM INGUINALE ((HesselbachiHesselbachi) )

BORDERS:

LATERAL:ligamentum

interfoveolare, vasa

epigastrica

inferiora

MEDIAL -

CRANIAL:falx

inguinalis

CAUDAL:ligamentum

inguinale

BOTTOM:fascia

transversalis

CONTENT:

possible

site

forhernia

to occur