Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality

8/10/2019 Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality

1/35

DAMPAK KEGIATAN MANUSIA TERHADAPKUALITAS LINGKUNGAN

ACTIVITIES ONACTIVITIES ON

QUALITYQUALITY

1


2/35

Since Homo sa iens live on the

planet of earth c.a.180,000 yearsa o, human activities have been

increased that cause great impacts

to environment

2


3/35


4/35

Nomadic hunting and food gathering

Settled agriculture (animaldomestication and plants cultivation

Settled agriculture has increased food

su l that led to su ort morepeople, but decrease the environment

ualit

4


5/35

Human activities for settled agriculture and itsHuman activities for settled agriculture and its

mpac o env ronmen ampac o env ronmen a

Peoples Cut down vast forest to supply woodor ue an u ng ma er a so eros on

Plowed up large expanses of grassland to

Built irrigation systems to transfer water from

one place to another continous avaibility ofwater for plants

which degraded the quality of ecosystems

5


6/35

Modern agriculture has harmful impacts onModern agriculture has harmful impacts on

a r, so , wa er, an o vers y resourcesa r, so , wa er, an o vers y resources

6


7/35

RRaising livestock to produce meat by openaising livestock to produce meat by opengrazing could destroyed ecosystemsgrazing could destroyed ecosystems

Lightly grazed

7Overgrazed


8/35

City development andCity development and

urbanizationurbanization Urbanization: the formation of villa es,

town, and cities. Some villages grew intotowns and cities, which served as center

for trade, government and business

Towns and cities concentrated sewa eand other wastes, polluted the air and

water

8


9/35

Re resented shift from de endence on

renewable energy wood to non-renewable fossil fuels first coal, later oil

and natural gas) this led to switch from

handmade oods in small scale roductionto large scale machine-made goods in

industries cities

9


10/35

Effects of extracting, processing and using ofEffects of extracting, processing and using of

m nera oss ue sm nera oss ue s

10


11/35

Using fossil fuels can leak intoUsing fossil fuels can leak into

the ocean ecosystemsthe ocean ecosystems a large amount Liquid fossil fuels can

seeps into ocean Tanker accidents

Waste oil dumped from activities on land

Oil spill onto the ocean and kill a

11


12/35

12


13/35

Surface and subsurface mining causeSurface and subsurface mining cause

ollution and de radation of stream andollution and de radation of stream andgroundwater by runoff of acidsgroundwater by runoff of acids

13


14/35

Burning fossil fuels produces billions tones ofBurning fossil fuels produces billions tones of

COCO22

one of greenhouse gases that contributeone of greenhouse gases that contribute

global warming climate changeglobal warming climate change

Projected emissions of three important greenhouse gases as

14


15/35

Several Impact of human activities cause a major issue:Several Impact of human activities cause a major issue:

CLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE

EFFECT of CLIMATE CHANGE to HUMAN HEALTH

15


16/35

Buildin roads is one of human activities thatBuildin roads is one of human activities thatcause destruction and degradation land andcause destruction and degradation land and

ecosystemecosystem

16


17/35

Soil Degradation

Areas of degraded soil of the world


18/35

Controlling pest population by sprayingControlling pest population by spraying

a pes c esa pes c es About 2.5 million tons

developed and developingcountries to control pests such as

The use of pesticides threat

human health:

-According WHO , nearly 3 million agricultural

workers in develo in countries are seriousl

poisoned by pesticides each year, estimated 180,000deaths

-In develo ed countr such as USA, 300,000 farms

worker suffer from pesticides related illnesses each

year18


19/35

Decline of marine species (mostly fish)Decline of marine species (mostly fish)

About 75% of the

worlds commercial

ocean c s s oc s are

in decline

19Pollution, habitat degradation


20/35

Overload wastes into water causeOverload wastes into water cause

egra a on o wa er qua yegra a on o wa er qua y

20


21/35


22/35

Global water useGlobal water use


23/35

The use of too much water by human mayThe use of too much water by human may

e ec o e ava y o res wa er e ec o e ava y o res wa er

Due to large population, human withdraw

un ergroun wa er as er an s rep en s e

depletion of fresh water

intrudes into aquifer and contaminate drinking

water along coastal area

23


24/35

24


25/35

Natural flooding primarily caused by heavy rain and

de radation of water holdin ca acit of soil

Natural flooding have benefits:

-

- recharge groundwater

- refill wetland ,

cause property damage

flood damage by:-removing water-absorbing vegetation (hillsides)

25

-living on flood plain


26/35

Flood Plain

Hillside

26


27/35

27


28/35

Nuclear powerNuclear power

Produce energy: produce electricity at much lower cost than coal

g - eve ra oac ve was es s ore n poo o wa er a p an s e

Nuclear disaster happened at Ukraine (Chernobyl nuclear powerlant in 1986:

- killed 3,576 ~ 32,000 people

- a series of explosions caused a huge

radioactive d cloud spread over Ukraine,Russia and other parts of Europe

- forced 40,000 people to leave their homes,

probably never to return

Global nuclear power plant peaked in the 1990s and is projected todecline

28


29/35

Information and globalizationInformation and globalization

revolutionrevolution Technologies such as telephone,

radio, television, computers, theinternet, remote sensing satellites

providing people to access people to

have much more information on aglobal scale

29


30/35

Positive affect of information andPositive affect of information and

globalization revolutionglobalization revolution Allow us to respond environmental problems

Allow us to use remote sensing satellites tosurvey resources and monitor changes in the , , , ,

regions, cities, and other system

Can reduce pollution and environmentaland energy and communication for transportation

Allow environmental researchers and activist to

30


31/35

Negative affect of informationNegative affect of information

and globalization revolutionand globalization revolution IT could cause confusion, distraction and

sense o hopelessness as rapidlygrowing environmental information

ncrease env ronmen a egra a on andecrease cultural diversity as a

of the earth and homogenizes theworlds cultures including disease

Creating and introducing newtechnologies much faster than we caeva ua e e r mpac s

31


32/35

Spread by air, water, food, body fluids,

some insects, and other nonhumancarrier (vector)

uman ac v es suc as n erna onatraveling can rapidly spread diseases

, , , ,smallpox andAIDS

Mi ration to uninhabited rural areas and

deforestation in tropical country canexpose to disease spread by vectorssuc as ma ar a

32


33/35

People with AIDS symptom

33Child with smallpox


34/35

Humans activities affectedHumans activities affected

biodiversitybiodiversity

34


35/35

Kill endangered animal causeKill endangered animal cause

depletion o biodiversitydepletion o biodiversityConsume such rotein endan er Confiscated roducts from

species of Gori lla endangered species

35

Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality

Documents

Transcript of Topik 6 Impact of Human Activities on Environmental Quality