Topics covered

48
Topics covered Cells Digestion Blood Circulation System Gas Exchange Nervous System Hormones Muscles Skeletal System Human Reproduction and Development Microbes and Immune System Topics left to cover Genetics and Cancer

description

Topics left to cover. Topics covered. Cells Digestion Blood Circulation System Gas Exchange Nervous System Hormones Muscles Skeletal System Human Reproduction and Development Microbes and Immune System. Genetics and Cancer. Human Physiology Lesson 23. Microbes and Disease - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Topics covered

Page 1: Topics covered

Topics covered• Cells• Digestion• Blood• Circulation System• Gas Exchange• Nervous System• Hormones• Muscles • Skeletal System• Human Reproduction and

Development• Microbes and Immune System

Topics left to cover

• Genetics and Cancer

Page 2: Topics covered

Human Physiology Lesson 23

Microbes and Disease1. How does your body protect you against from

pathogens2. How can we can become immune to disease?3. What are antigens and how does our body use

them to fight against disease?

Page 3: Topics covered

Project

• Microbes and Pathogens• Transmission• Entry and protection• Immune System - lymphocytes• Vaccination and Jenner• Developing vaccines• Antibiotics and Fleming• Antibiotic Resistance- C.diff and MRSA

Page 4: Topics covered

DiseasesBacteria, Food poisoningImpetigoSyphilisTuberculosis

Virus, PolioHIV,Influenza (flu)MeaslesChickenpox

Protoctist, Malaria

Fungi, Athlete’s footThrush

Page 5: Topics covered
Page 6: Topics covered

Transmission of Microbes

• How do microbes get transferred from one organism to another?

Page 7: Topics covered

How microbes are transferred between organisms

• Droplet Infection• Direct Contact• Contaminated food and drink• Through the blood-transfusion or cut

Page 8: Topics covered

8C Catch that!

Match each sentence with the correct ending:

1 Chicken pox can be spread by… 2 Salmonella can be spread by...  3 Hepatitis and HIV can be spread

by...  4 Colds and flu can be spread by…

5 Typhoid and gastro-enteritis can be spread by…

6 Syphilis and HIV can be spread by…

A…blood transfer. B…sexual intercourse. C…touch. 

D…eating contaminated food.

E…drinking contaminated water.

F…droplets from a cough or sneeze.

C…touch.

D…eating contaminated food.

A…blood transfer. 

F…droplets from a cough or sneeze.

E…drinking contaminated water.

B…sexual intercourse.

Page 9: Topics covered

8C Infection death rates

Only 5.1% of deaths in Europe are caused by infectious diseases. Do you think that this figure would be different in the developing world? Why?

Page 10: Topics covered

Pathogenesis

Page 11: Topics covered

Immunity

• Surface Barriers-prevents micro-organisms from entering the cells of your body.

• Explain the human surface barriers

• Immune System

Page 12: Topics covered

8C Defence!

Page 13: Topics covered

How does your body defend itself against an infection

• Platelets• Lymphocytes- engulf and antibody• Antitoxin• Mucus• Hydrochloric Acid• Antibiotics and Fleming• Immunisation

Page 14: Topics covered

8C Immunity

Page 15: Topics covered
Page 16: Topics covered
Page 17: Topics covered

RECAP

• Mechanisms that stop us from getting ill

Page 18: Topics covered

What happens if we do get ill?

• How do we know?

Page 20: Topics covered

Symptoms

• Write down ANY symptoms of disease

Page 21: Topics covered

What happens next?

Page 22: Topics covered

Antibiotics1. Name 3 diseases that antibiotics can be used

against2. Name 3 diseases that antibiotics cannot be used

against3. Why do antibiotics not destroy viral infections?4. Why is it important to ensure that you complete

the dosage of antibiotics you are prescribed?5. What are the dangers in prescribing antibiotics too

readily?

Page 23: Topics covered
Page 24: Topics covered

DANGER

MRSA

Page 25: Topics covered
Page 26: Topics covered
Page 27: Topics covered
Page 28: Topics covered
Page 29: Topics covered

Antibiotic Resistance

• Natural selection and evolution of bacterial strains.

• MRSA• Mutations • Epidemics and Pandemics

Page 30: Topics covered

Bacterialpopulation Mutant bacterial cell is

resistant to a specific antibiotic

The resistant bacterial cellsurvives and divides to

generate a population ofantibiotic-resistant

bacteria

Antibiotic Resistance

Spontaneousmutation in

growingpopulation Bacterial population

exposed to antibiotic

Page 31: Topics covered

• Make a flow chart, including diagrams, about how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics

Page 32: Topics covered

Widespread

• What is a main problem caused when new microorganisms emerge?

Page 33: Topics covered

H5N1

Page 34: Topics covered
Page 35: Topics covered

How can we stop a pandemic/epidemic

Page 36: Topics covered

Bird Flu - A Modern Pandemic?Start the following animation to see how the H5N1 virus could mutate to form a new human flu virus.

Page 37: Topics covered

How can we reduce the risk of bacteria developing antibiotic resistance?

Page 38: Topics covered
Page 39: Topics covered

A 3 year old child suffering from chickenpox

A child suffering from smallpox

Page 40: Topics covered
Page 41: Topics covered

How can we protect ourselves from infection?

Page 42: Topics covered

anthrax malariamumps rubella

measles polio

types of cancer rabies

diphtheria tuberculosisFlu hepatitis

VACCINES

Page 43: Topics covered

Vaccinations

• Edward Jenner

Page 44: Topics covered

Vaccination Process

Page 45: Topics covered
Page 46: Topics covered

How does it work

Number of Antibodies

Time

First Injection

Booster Injection

Page 47: Topics covered

Disadvantages

• The MMR debate!

Page 48: Topics covered

Modern methods of developing vaccines

How can we use the following to help us develop a vaccination?