TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic...
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Transcript of TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic...
![Page 1: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals
Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and
atomic number for the elementsReplace Calcium with Silicon and
Manganese with Cadmium
![Page 2: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Classifying the Elements
• 2/3 (67%) of elements are metals• Remaining elements: non-metals & metalloids
(semi-metals)• Metalloids:
– some properties of metals & some properties of nonmetals
• Staircase: – dividing line between metals & nonmetals – elements to left are metals (except H)– elements to right are non-metals
![Page 3: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Properties of Metals• Malleable – flattened into sheets• Ductile – drawn into wires & tubes • have Luster• Good Conductors of heat & electricity• Solid at room temperature (except Hg)• Metals lose electrons & form positive ions
“Metals are losers”• Most reactive metal is Fr• Most reactive family is Alkali Metals
![Page 5: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
So…metals don’t want electrons, they want to get rid of them
![Page 6: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Properties of Nonmetals• generally gases or solids (except Br2)• solids are Brittle• solids are Dull• poor conductors of heat & electricity• Nonmetals gain electrons & form negative ions
“Nonmetals are winners”• Most reactive nonmetal is F
– Properties: OPPOSITE of metals
![Page 7: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
So…nonmetals love electrons, they want to take electrons
![Page 8: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Properties of Metalloids
6 metalloids: – 4 on right of staircase: B,Si,As,Te,– 2 on left of staircase: Ge,Sb
Each metalloid has some metallic and some nonmetallic properties– Example:Si
• shiny like metal but brittle like nonmetal
![Page 9: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Most elements are solid at room temperature
• GASES– Elements that are gases at STP
Diatomics:H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2
– Monatomics: noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
• Liquids (only 2 at room temp.)– Br2 (non-metal) and Hg (metal)
![Page 10: TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals Do Now: grab a lab up front and start filling in the symbols and atomic number for the elements Replace Calcium with Silicon.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081512/56649f285503460f94c40d66/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Allotropes
• Different forms of element in same phase– different structures and properties
• O2 and O3 - both gas phase–O2 (oxygen) - necessary for life–O3 (ozone) - toxic to life
• Graphite, diamond:–both carbon in solid form