TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 1905

KD: Read page 98.1. Who was the Tsar in 1894 (replacing Alexander III from 1881 to Nov 1, 1894 – and

ruled until March 15, 1917)? What did the people of Russia call him?

2. Discuss the similarities between Russia in 1900 and France in 1789.

3. Read his profile on page 99. What made him seem like a poor selection for Tsar?

4. What six groups made up the social structure in Russia by 1900?

5. Read pages 2 – 3 from white book. Make a list of reasons why Russia was difficult to govern in 1900.

HW:Complete the KD questions.

TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 19051. Tsar on October 20, 1894:• Nicholas Romanov II• ‘the Little Father’

2. Similarities between Russia in 1900 and France in 1789:

3. Profile on page 99. Poor selection for Tsar: • Regularly rejected reform requests • An ineffective ruler – couldn’t concentrate on the business of being

Tsar.• Did not understand the changes Russia was experiencing.

4. What groups made up the social structure in Russia by 1900? • Tsar and Royal family, Church, Army, Aristocracy, Middle Class,

Working Class and Peasants in the Countryside

TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 19055. White book - reasons why Russia was difficult to govern in 1900.• It was a vast empire spanning two continents (4,000 X 2,000).• Communication and Transportation was difficult and limited.

Few paved roads – turning to mud after rain and snow. Travel by road was slow and often impassable. Relied heavily on river transport (Volga) but restricted in winter. Trans-Siberian railway (1904) but it took a week to travel to Pacific

coast. Russia had only as many miles of track as Britain in 1900 (100 X)

• Had a range of landscapes – tundra, impenetrable forests and deserts. Limited farming land

• The diverse population – less than half of the 130 million people were Russian and the other national groups resented Russian control (‘Russification ’). Most were illiterate.

• Governing the empire – civil servants were used to carry out orders, so things were done slowly (with bribery and corruption common).

N T E W Y E A I

TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 19055. Reasons why Russia was difficult to govern:

• In 1905 Russia was a vast but backward country.• Its industry was under-developed.• Its people were poor and uneducated.• It was ruled by a Tsar who had complete power.• Over the next 40 years it was transformed into a modern

superpower.

SOURCE 2

Russia and its population in 1900.

DATE: Nov 2 - 4, 2014 TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 1905

Was the Tsar able to effectively govern Russia by 1905? REVIEW: N T E W Y E A I OBJECTIVES:1. Explain how the Tsarist regime dealt with the difficulties of ruling Russia up to 1914.

KD: 1. What was ‘Russification’? p. 5

2. Identify the following:• Illiterate – p. 4 Cossacks – p. 4 Serfs – p. 6• Autocrat – p. 10 Okhrana – p. 10 Dissidents – p. 10• Orthodox Church – p. 11 Startsy – p. 11 Pogroms – p. 12

TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 1905 Was the Tsar able to effectively govern Russia by 1905?

KD:1. ‘Russification’ – policy practiced by Tsar Nicholas II making non-Russians

of the empire more Russian. It included speaking Russian, wearing Russian clothes and following

Russian customs. Also rewarded jobs to Russians over others.

2. Identify the following: Illiterate – unable to read or write Cossacks – fierce and savage warriors who were loyal supporters of the

Tsar. They served in the army in return for land. Serfs – an ‘unfree’ person who was bound to the land he worked on and

owned by his master. Serfs were freed in 1861 and allocated a share of land (but were crushed by debt from government loans).

Autocrat – a ruler with complete and absolute power Okhrana – The secret police for the Tsar that used its spies and agents to

punish opposition and anyone that criticised the government.

TOPIC: In Depth Study - Russia – Intro to 1905 Was the Tsar able to effectively govern Russia by 1905?

KD:

2. Identify the following:• Dissidents – people who disagree with the government, and who are then

often jailed or exiled

• Orthodox Church – a branch of Christianity that was very important to Russia. It supported the Tsar’s claim as a divine (from God) leader.

• Startsy – Holy men that were held in special regard (elders)

• Pogroms – attacks, often encouraged by Tsar Nicholas II against Jews.

KEY QUESTIONS:1. What was life like for peasants? p. 6 – 7

2. What was life like for the nobility? p. 8

3. What was life like for the middle class? p. 8

4. What was life like for workers? p. 9

5. What difficulties are identified in source 10 on page 9? Are there similarities in source 11? Discuss.

6. How did Tsar Nicholas II keep control of the Russian Empire? p. 10 - 11

7. Study source 2 on page 10. What is the author saying about Russia? Discuss.

8. What role did Tsarina Alexandra play for Nicholas? p. 12

9. Read sources 2 – 9 on pages 13 and 14. Answer question #4 on page 14 (write your own opinion of Nicholas II). Use the sources to support your views.

KEY QUESTIONS:6. Tsar Nicholas II controls the Russian Empire:• Autocrat and Divine Ruler – who could do what he likes without consulting

anyone.• Had a Council of Ministers – who ran government departments• Thousands of Civil Servants – carried out the orders passed down to them

(a slow and corrupt system).• Censored newspaper and books.• Opposition was not tolerated.• The Okhrana (secret police) – dealt harshly with anyone who criticised the

government (dissidents).• Cossacks were used to suppress strikes, protests or demonstrations and

restore order.• The Orthodox Church – linked closely with the Tsar and taught that he was

God’s chosen representative on earth. (this image was later shattered)

7. Study source 2 on page 10. What is the author saying about Russia? Discuss. • Leo Tolstoy 1902 – He is saying that the people are essentially prisoners in

Russia.

DATE: Nov 6, 2016TOPIC: Russia – Intro to 1905 and Opposition Organised to Nicholas OBJECTIVES:1. Explain how the Tsarist regime dealt with the difficulties of ruling Russia up to 1914.

HW REVIEW: Opinion about Nicholas

KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT:1. Hand out Russia Syllabus – on website.

2. Define: Soviet, Mensheviks, Bolsheviks

3. Identify the three main groups that opposed Nicholas. p. 15 - 17

4. What is your opinion of Marie Spirodonova - terrorist criminal or hero? Discuss. p. 15 Consider - people need an outlet to discuss or correct problems. Demonstrations, elections, Parliament / Congress, justice system.

Name

Aims

Support

Tactics

TOPIC: Russia – Intro to 1905 and Opposition Organised to Nicholas OBJECTIVES:1. Explain how the Tsarist regime dealt with the difficulties of ruling Russia up to 1914.

PLENARY ACTIVITY:Discuss the topic – Opposition to Nicholas. Compare and contrast opposition groups.

EXAM PRACTICE / PPQ:74. Describe the main features of Tsarist rule over Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. (5) (How did Nicholas II control Russia)

TOPIC: Russia – Intro to 1905 and Opposition Organised to Nicholas OBJECTIVES:1. Explain how the Tsarist regime dealt with the difficulties of ruling Russia up to 1914.

VIDEO REVIEW:

Russia - Land Of The Tsars 18 - 9 min 59 sechttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-x4VcmHfxU<iframe width="420" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/P-x4VcmHfxU" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Russia - Land Of The Tsars 19 - 9 min 59 sec http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1W1b6j8U46k<iframe width="420" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/1W1b6j8U46k" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

TOPIC: Russia – Intro to 1905 and Opposition Organised to Nicholas OBJECTIVES:1. Explain how the Tsarist regime dealt with the difficulties of ruling Russia up to 1914.

EXAM PRACTICE / PPQ:74. Describe the main features of Tsarist rule over Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. (5)• It was ruled by a Tsar (Emperor).• He had total power and was autocratic. • Russia had no parliament or elections and so the Tsar had total power.• This power was supported by the Church (Russian Orthodox) and the wealthy landowning class.• The Tsar was Nicholas II was hard working but weak and indecisive.• There was the problem of ruling a vast empire.• Local government was in the hands of people appointed by the Tsar - Ministers and civil servants.• Racism against Jews and non-Russians within the empire was common and encouraged.• Class divisions were also played a distinctive part in control the people - who were NOT united. • Censorship of newspapers and books. • Nicholas was unable to deal with the necessary changes needed, so he relied heavily on the

support of fierce Cossacks on horseback whose loyalty was secured by valuable land grants, and by the Okhrana, his secret police and spies. Opposition was outlawed and dissidents exiled.