TOPIC: Benefits & Dangers of: Radioisotopes Do Now: Draw Bohrs Model for the Cl-35 isotope
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Transcript of TOPIC: Benefits & Dangers of: Radioisotopes Do Now: Draw Bohrs Model for the Cl-35 isotope
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TOPIC: Benefits & Dangers of: TOPIC: Benefits & Dangers of: RadioisotopesRadioisotopes
Do Now: Do Now: Draw Bohrs Model for the Draw Bohrs Model for the Cl-35 isotopeCl-35 isotope
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RADIOISOTOPERADIOISOTOPE- isotopes who’s nucleus is - isotopes who’s nucleus is
unstable and dissipate excess unstable and dissipate excess energy by spontaneously energy by spontaneously
emitting radioactive particles emitting radioactive particles (we will learn about these next (we will learn about these next
week) week)
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Carbon-14Carbon-14
Carbon DatingCarbon Dating
Not that kind of dating?
!
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C-14 used to date organic (previously living) materials
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U-238 decay seriesU-238 decay seriesU-238 decays to Pb-206 (many steps)U-238 decays to Pb-206 (many steps)
Over time, amount of U Over time, amount of U and amount of and amount of Pb Pb
–Scientists use the ratio of U-238 Scientists use the ratio of U-238 to Pb-206 to to Pb-206 to date rocksdate rocks
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Radioactive TracersRadioactive Tracers
Determine the way in which a chemical Determine the way in which a chemical reaction occurreaction occur– P-31: determines P uptake in plantsP-31: determines P uptake in plants– C-14: maps C in metabolic processesC-14: maps C in metabolic processes– C-14: maps organic molecules and figures out C-14: maps organic molecules and figures out
reaction mechanismsreaction mechanisms
Used to track the distribution of a Used to track the distribution of a substance in cells/tissues in the bodysubstance in cells/tissues in the body
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MedicalMedical
radioisotopes with radioisotopes with shortshort half-lives (quickly half-lives (quickly eliminated from the body)eliminated from the body)– Tracers in medical diagnosisTracers in medical diagnosis– Treatment of cancerTreatment of cancer
I-131: Diagnosis & treat thyroid disordersI-131: Diagnosis & treat thyroid disorders
Co-60: gamma emitter Co-60: gamma emitter – Used to kill cancerous tumorsUsed to kill cancerous tumors
Tc-99: treatment of brain cancerTc-99: treatment of brain cancer
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Industrial ApplicationsIndustrial Applications
Kill bacteria and spores in food and mailKill bacteria and spores in food and mailCo-60: kills bacteria in foodsCo-60: kills bacteria in foods
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Power PlantsPower PlantsUsed as a fuel source to generate electricityUsed as a fuel source to generate electricity
No contributions to greenhouse gasesNo contributions to greenhouse gases
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Radiation RisksRadiation Risks
Can Can damage normal tissuedamage normal tissue
High doses can cause High doses can cause illness & deathillness & death
Can cause Can cause mutations in DNAmutations in DNA
Disposal of waste is difficult (esp. from Disposal of waste is difficult (esp. from nuclear power plants)nuclear power plants)
Have long half-lives and remain radioactive Have long half-lives and remain radioactive for long periods of timefor long periods of time
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Chernobyl