Topic # 9 What Experiences Led to the American Revolution? RAP: Explain the importance of each of...
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Topic # 9What Experiences Led to the American
Revolution?RAP: Explain the importance of each of these documents:*Magna Carta*Petition of Right*English Bill of Rights
Lesson Goal:-How British ideas about government were put to use in the colonies.-Why the colonists came to feel that the British government threatened their rights.-How constitutional government developed in the colonies.-Why the colonists decided to fight for their independence.
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Ideas American colonists used to establish a British colony.
-legal document needed to establish a British colony- granted land to a person or a company-did not define government
-Based on two concepts that protect them from:
- Abuse of power by the British government
- Abuse of power by their colonial government
Charter
Colonial Governme
nt
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Britain's control over colonies.
Britain’s neglect of colonies
Britain’s renewed interest
-Britain was becoming a world power and was busy fighting wars-Not much time devoted to colonies-Long distances-Communication was slow because news traveled by ship-Orders took months to reach colonies
-War against France was costly-Britain left with large national debt-Colonies should pay their share with increased taxes-Tightened trade restrictions between colonies and other countries
WOW
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New British law’s that
affected the
colonies
- Proclamation of 1763 - banned settlement west into Indian territory - British able to withdraw army and reduce costs
- Sugar Act of 1764 - stop smuggling of goods in and out of colonies - taxes on all incoming sugar, coffee, wine, and cloth - Gave British Navy “writs of assistance” (search warrants) to search colonial ships - all colonial trade ships had to go directly to Britain
WOW
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- Stamp Act, 1765 - taxes on every legal document, newspaper, pamphlets, deck of cards coming into the colonies- Quartering Act, 1765 - British Army moved into colonial cities requiring innkeepers and public officials to house and feed British soldiers- Declaratory Act, 1766 - gave Parliament the right to pass laws for the colonies in “all cases whatsoever” to remind colonist they were subject to the king.
WOW
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- Tea Act, 1773 - forced colonies to buy tea from The East India Company to keep the British company from going broke
WOW
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- Colonist felt British Parliament was threatening their rights.- New tax and trade laws meant that colonists would lose money.- Parliament’s laws went against colonists’ belief in representative government.- Colonists believed if they had no right to elect representatives to Parliament, Parliament had no right to tax the colonists.
Colonists’ view of
laws
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- “No Taxation without Representation”- believed tax laws should be passed only by the colonial legislature- King George felt colonists were acting like ungrateful children- King thought that since the well-being and
safety of colonies was due to British protection the taxation was fair
- Parliament didn’t understand representation because they represented the whole nation no matter where and not individuals
- growing conflict in beliefs
Rally Cry for
Colonists
WOW
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Colonies Resist British Control
- tension growing- colonist organized town meetings and wrote angry letters to the newspapers
- Small groups of volunteers that made sure each colony knew about events and opinions of other colonies- raised spirits of people- united and linked all colonies together
Between1763 – 1775
Committees of Corresponden
ce
WOW
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- organized resistance to the Stamp Act- mobs attacked tax collectors’ homes- burned effigies (straw people) of royals- marched in streets and some committed violent acts
- formed by women- helped boycott British trade- instead of buying British goods they made their own- gave up drinking tea
1765Sons of Liberty
Daughters of Liberty
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- British troops opened fire on protestors and killed 5 colonists.- Colonists believed British government would use military force to make them obey laws
- colonist tried to stop cargo of tea in the Boston Harbor
- dumped 342 chests of tea - British closed the harbor
1770Boston
Massacre
1773Boston Tea
Party
Fall 1774 – colonists decide to take united action and committee of correspondence calls for representatives from each colony to meet and deliberate on general interests of all colonists.
WOW
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Representatives from 12 of 13 colonies met in Philadelphia to decide on best response to actions of British government.- start of unified American government- agreed to impose ban on trade- hope of change in British policies
- beginning of Revolutionary War- fighting broke out- British troops marched on to Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts to capture guns and supplies by surprise- system of signals warned colonists and they fired on British forcing them back to Boston
FirstContinentalCongress
April 19, 1775
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- Representatives again met in Philadelphia a few weeks later- Congress organized new Continental Army and called colonist to send troops- George Washington selected to lead troops
- a year later, Congress drafts document to explain why they should be free from British rule- this document later becomes the “Declaration of Independence”
SecondContinentalCongress
Declaration of
Independence
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WIO :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Create a timeline of the important events in this lesson. Explain the significance of the event and include drawings that help depict each event.