Topic 6: Oceans on the Topic 6: Oceans on the EdgeEdge

Unit 1 Revision Unit 1 Revision

GCSE GeographyGCSE Geography

Practice Question – Describe the distribution Practice Question – Describe the distribution of coral reefs. (2 marks)of coral reefs. (2 marks)

What conditions do coral reefs What conditions do coral reefs develop in?develop in?

Coral reefsCoral reefs cover less than 1% of the cover less than 1% of the earth’s surface and are located in areas earth’s surface and are located in areas with:with:

- Shallow water of 25m or less to ensure - Shallow water of 25m or less to ensure lots of lightlots of light

- Tropical water temperature of 24-26°c- Tropical water temperature of 24-26°c - Areas of saline water- Areas of saline water

Study this page for 30 seconds…Study this page for 30 seconds…

Exploitation for fishing4000 species of fish provide food25% of world’s commercial fish catch comes from coral reefs

Shoreline protectionProvide protection from storms, tsunami and wave erosion.Can grow with rising sea levels, protect against climate change

Aquarium tradeSupply tropical fish, sea horses and plants for our fish tanks!

TourismMagnet for world’s touristsCountries in the Caribbean get over half their income from reef tourism

Education and researchLearn about marine life

Other usesMedicine source To make decorative objects such as jewelleryA source of lime for cement and building

Explain 2 economic benefits of Explain 2 economic benefits of coral reefs. (4 marks)coral reefs. (4 marks)

Threats to coral reefsThreats to coral reefs

Whilst watching the clip write notes Whilst watching the clip write notes explaining how coral reefs are at risk.explaining how coral reefs are at risk.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/thhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-impact-of-fishing-in-the-philippines/4692.e-impact-of-fishing-in-the-philippines/4692.htmlhtml

Threat to coral reefs include:Threat to coral reefs include:

Population growth (more tourism, fishing)Population growth (more tourism, fishing) Building on land (releases sediment into Building on land (releases sediment into

sea)sea) Dynamite fishingDynamite fishing Bottom trawlingBottom trawling OverfishingOverfishing Global warmingGlobal warming

Management OptionsManagement Options

St Lucia –SMMASt Lucia –SMMA Includes marine reserve (no fishing), Includes marine reserve (no fishing),

permits for scuba/snorkelling, tourist permits for scuba/snorkelling, tourist permits, marine wardens.permits, marine wardens.

Other areas of St Lucia do allow fishingOther areas of St Lucia do allow fishing

Is this SUSTAINABLE?Is this SUSTAINABLE?

Fish FightFish Fight

Overfishing is a global issue. Why?Overfishing is a global issue. Why?

What is the EU doing to try to control What is the EU doing to try to control overfishing?overfishing?

What can individuals do?What can individuals do?

Practice questionPractice question

A) Explain how marine ecosystems are A) Explain how marine ecosystems are threatened by human activity. (4 marks)threatened by human activity. (4 marks)

B) Using examples, explain how marine B) Using examples, explain how marine ecosystems can be managed in a ecosystems can be managed in a sustainable way. (6 marks)sustainable way. (6 marks)