Topic 6 Continued: 6.4 Respiratory System
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Transcript of Topic 6 Continued: 6.4 Respiratory System
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Topic 6 Continued: 6.4 Respiratory System
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Distinguish between Ventilation, Gas Exchange and Cell Respiration
• Ventilation – pumping fresh air or water to the gas exchange surface to replace the air or water already there = maintains conc. Gradients
• Gas X-change – the process of absorbing one gas from the environment and releasing another one
• C.R. – C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP
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Explain the need for a ventilation system
• In order to maintain high concentration gradients in the alveoli
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Describe the features of alveoli that adapt them for gas exchange
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• Walls of alveoli (hundreds of million in both lungs total) are one epithelial layer thin = HUGE S.A.
• Alveolar capillary walls are one epithelial layer thin
• Both make for easy diffusion
• Surfactant – a natural detergent that prevents adjacent alveoli from sticking together and this liquid also allows for the gases to dissolve
• A dense network of capillaries
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Draw and label a diagram of the ventilation system, including trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli
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Explain the mechanism of ventilation of the lungs in terms of volume and pressure changes caused by the internal and external muscles, the diaphragm and abdominal muscles