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SEMINAR 3

SSCIENCE OF DA‘WAH AND ITS BASIC TECHNICAL TERMS

1.Objectives and Purposes2.Methods3.Development and Rises of the Science of Da’wah4.Basic Technical Terms in the Science of Da‘wah

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OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSES

Abdullah Muhammad Zin (1995, pp. 10-12) views that the true guidance is very much needed by every single person.

Without it (the guidance), people will be in the state of a great loss, i.e. they will not know Allah (s.w.t.) and His commandments and will not be able infuse them in their deeds.

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The objectives of Da‘wah are:1. to guide people to the religion of Allah

(s.w.t.),2. to establish evidence against those who

decline from or oppose the religion,3. to discharge the duty enjoined on every

Muslim by Allah (s.w.t.), and4. to exalt the word of Allah (s.w.t.) on earth. 3

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According to Ab. Aziz Mohd Zin (1997, pp. 29-37) the objectives of Da‘wah are:

1. To make sure that man will know his purpose of his life, i.e. to obey Allah (s.w.t.) by worshipping Him alone and serve humanity. Allah (s.w.t.) says:

�نس� إ�ال� ن� و�اإل� ت! ال�ج� ل�ق� ا خ� )و�م'''''''�) (56 )الذاريات: ل�ي�ع�ب!د!ون�

“I have only created Jinns and men, that they may serve (worship) Me.” (al-Zaariyaat: 56) 4

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2. To lead man to the right path, which grants him success and the pleasure of Allah (s.w.t.). This is done by bringing man out of the darkness to the light of Iman:

ب!ل� ان�ه! س''! و� ع� ر�ض''� ه! م�ن� ات�ب''� ه� الل''? د�ي ب''� )ي�ه''��ل�ى ات� إ م مGن� الظEل!م'''� ه! ر�ج! ي!خ'''� ال�م� و� الس'''� Oاط ر� م� إ�ل�ى ص'''� د�يه� ي�ه'''� ه� و� ور� 'ب�إ�ذ�ن'''� E'''الن

)Oيم ت�ق� (16 )المائدة: مEس�“Wherewith Allah guideth all who seek His good pleasure to

ways of peace and safety, and leadeth them out of darkness, by His will, unto the light,- guideth them to a path that is straight.” (Al-Maidah: 16)

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3. To establish baldatun tayyibah (a fair land) which is governed by a fair government:

ان� ن�ت'� ةY ج� م� آي'� ك�ن�ه� ب�إO ف�ي م�س'� د� ك'�ان� ل�س'� )ل�ق'�بGك!م� ق� ر� ز� Gوا م�ن ر م�الO ك!ل'! ع�ن ي�م�ينO و�ش'� ) Y'ور بg غ�ف'! ةY و�ر� د'�ةY ط�يGب'� ه! ب�ل'� وا ل'� ك!ر! و�اش'�

(15)سبأ: “There was, for Saba, afore-time, a Sign in their home-

land, two Gardens to the right and to the left. ‘Eat of the Sustenance (provided) by your Lord, and be grateful to Him: a territory fair and happy, and a Lord Oft-Forgiving!’” (Saba’: 15)

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4. To prepare Muslims with all available powers:

ب'�اط� Gو�م�ن ر Oة و� ت�ط�ع�ت!م مGن ق'! ا اس'� م م'� � ل�ه! دEوا أ�ع'� )و�ر�ين� ب'!ون� ب'�ه� ع'�د�و'� ال'ل'?ه� و�ع'�د'!و�ك!م� و�آخ'� ه'� ي'�ل� ت!ر� ال�خ'�ا م� و�م'''� ه! ه! ي�ع�ل�م! م! الل'''? ون�ه! م� ال� 'ت�ع�ل�م'''! م�ن' د!ون�ه��ل�ي�ك!م� ب�يل� الل'?ه'� ي'!و�ف� إ ءO ف�ي س'� ي� وا� م�ن ش'� ق'! ت!نف�

) أ�نت!م� ال� ت!ظ�ل�م!ون� (60 ')األنفال: و'�“Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of your power,

including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies, of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know. Whatever ye shall spend in the cause of Allah, shall be repaid unto you, and ye shall not be treated unjustly.” (al-Anfaal: 60).

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5. To attain the light of Iman:

ر�ج� الن'�اس� م�ن� �ل�ي'�ك� ل�ت!خ'� ل�ن'�اه! إ )ال'�ر ك�ت'�ابY أ�نز��ل�ى م� إ بGه� إ�ذ�ن� ر� ور� ب''� E''ل�ى الن� ات� 'إ الظ'Eل!م''�

يد�( )إ'براهيم:' ' م� اط� ال�ع�ز�يز� ال�ح� ر� (1ص'�“A. L. R. A Book which We have revealed unto thee, in order that

thou mightest lead mankind out of the depths of darkness into light - by the permission of their Lord - to the Way of (Him) the Exalted in power, worthy of all praise!-.” (Ibrahim: 1)

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6. To attain the pleasure of Allah:

ي�ة{ * ض'� ي�ة{ م�ر� اض'� ب'Gك� ر� �ل�ى ر� ع�ي إ ج� )ار�ل�ي اد�خ! اد�ي * و� ب''� ل�ي ف�ي ع'� اد�خ'! ف''�

ن'�ت�ي( (30-28 )الفجر: ج�“Come back thou to thy Lord,- well pleased (thyself), and

well-pleasing unto Him! * "Enter thou, then, among My devotees! * "Yea, enter thou My Heaven!” (al-Fajr: 28-30)

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Basic Methods of Da‘wah

i) Clear Message:

ن� وال{ أ� س''! ةO ر� لG أ!م''� ا ف�ي ك''! د� ب�ع�ث�ن''� ل�ق''� )و�

)... اغ!وت� وا� الط''� ت�ن�ب''! ه� و�اج� � الل''? د!وا اع�ب''!(36)النحل:

“And We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger, (with the Command), ‘Worship Allah, and avoid Evil’…” (al-Nahl: 36)

ii) Gradual Approach (tadarruj):For example, in introducing duties and prohibitions, a gradual approach is used. 10

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iii) Easiness and simplicity:

ر� و�ال� ي!ر�ي'د! ب�ك!م! ه! ب�ك!م! ال�ي!س'� )... ي!ر�ي'د! الل'?)... ر� (185 )البقرة: ال�ع!س�

“… Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you…” (al-Baqarah: 185)

iv) Merciful and friendly preaching:

م� ...( ه� ل�نت� ل�ه! ةO مGن� الل''? م''� ح� ا ر� ب�م''� )آل )ف�(159عمران:

“And by the Mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. …” (Aal ‘Imraan:159).

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v) Giving the rationale behind certain commandments:For example, the prohibition of wine, gambling, etc. Allah (s.w.t.) says:

د�او�ة� ع� ب�ي�ن�ك!م! ال�ع'� ي�ط�ان! أ�ن ي!وق'� ا ي!ر�ي'د! الش'� �ن�م'� )إد�ك!م� ع�ن ي�ص'! ر� و� ي�س'� ال�م� ر� و� م''� اء ف�ي ال�خ� ال'�ب�غ�ض'� و� ) ون� نت�ه''! Eل� أ�ن'ت!م م ه''� ال�ة� ف� ه� و�ع�ن� 'الص''� ر'� الل''? ذ�ك''�

(91)المائدة: “Satan's plan is (but) to excite enmity and hatred between you, with intoxicants and gambling, and hinder you from the remembrance of Allah, and from prayer: will ye not then abstain? (al-Maidah: 91)

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vi) Message conveyed must suit the audience’s thinking, culture and education. ‘Ali (r.a.) said: “ يعرفون بما الناس ”حدثوا“Speak to the people according to what they know.”

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1. Content

2. Style of Presentation

3. Media

4. Strategy

The Main Components of Methods of Da‘wah

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1. Content:

The content of Da‘wah should: be correct and clear, include problems faced by the audience, andbe according to the level of audience’s education, culture and thinking.

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2. Style of Presentation:

It must be vary according to the situation, place and time. For instance, the method of preaching can sometimes be:

1) soft:وال� ل'�ه! ق'! �ن'�ه! ط�غ�ى * ف� ع'�و�ن� إ ر� ب'�ا إ�ل�ى ف� )اذ�ه�ى( )'ط'ه: و� ي�خ�ش'�

ذ�ك�ر! أ� ه! 'ي�ت'� و�ال{ ل�يGن'ا{ ل�ع�ل'� ق'�43-44)

"Go, both of you, to Pharaoh, for he has indeed transgressed all bounds; ‘But speak to him mildly; perchance he may take warning or fear (Allah).’” (Ta-Ha: )

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2) firm (to those who adore earthly life)

ال!ك!م� و�ال� ( و� ك!م� أ�م''� وا ال� ت!ل�ه� ن''! ذ�ين� آم� ا ال''� �يEه''� ا أ ي''�ل�ئ'�ك� و�

أ! ع'�ل� ذ�ل'�ك� ف� د!ك!م� ع�ن ذ�ك'�ر� الل'�ه� و�م�ن ي�ف� و�ال�أ�

( )المنافقون: ون� ر! اس� (9ه!م! ال�خ�“O ye who believe! Let not your riches or your children divert you from

the remembrance of Allah. If any act thus, the loss is their own.” (al-Munaafiquun: 9)

3) indirect: For example, when a youth asked permission from the Prophet (a.s.w.) to allow himself to commit adultery. The Prophet (a.s.w.) asked him whether he would be pleased if such thing will happen to his mother, sister, wife, or daughter.

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3 .Use Of Media

Media should be used in many forms. Among important media used in the time of the

Prophet (s.a.w.) are: poetry, sermon, face-to-face meetings, debate and dialogue.

Nowadays, media is further diversified including seminar, symposium, conferences, congresses, and mass media (print-media, TV, internet, etc.).

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4 .Strategy:

Da‘wah must be carefully conducted by employing strategic planning and action.

The Prophet (s.a.w.), began his Da‘wah with his family and his Companions:

() ب�ين� ر� �ق''� ت�ك� األ� ير� �ن''ذ�ر� ع�ش''� أ و� (214)الشعراء:

“And warn your tribe of near kindred.” (al-Shu‘araa’: 214).

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Family

Companions

Self

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The Prophet’s Da‘wah was conducted stage by stage, i.e., secretly then openly.

Choosing the correct audience. You have to study the audience before you communicate with them.

The migration. A Muslim must use migration as a means of promoting Islamic tenets. 21

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Development and Rises of the Science of Da‘wah

1. History of the Prophets The Qur’an has adopted the method of citing

examples and gives detailed narrations of particular cases of prophets inviting people to Allah (s.w.t.).

The messengers of God, from Prophet Adam (a.s.) until Prophet Muhammad (a.s.w.), were calling mankind to the right path of Allah (s.w.t.), Din al-Islam – Islamic Way of Life.

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2. Basic Foundations of the Prophetic Da‘wah Every prophet stressed on the same content: - Tawhid

(The Uniqueness of Allah), al-Nubuwwah (the Prophethood) and al-Akhirah (Judgment Day) as well as the worldly life as a life of complete submission to God and His Commandments.

The use of conventional method of oral and personal contact.

Applying physical approach in attaining conviction of people, i.e., performing miracles, etc. 23

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3. Examples of Prophetic Da‘wah:Prophet Nuh (a.s.w.) and his Da‘wah.Prophet Ibrahim (a.s.w.) and his Da‘wah.Prophet Musa (a.s.w.) and his Da‘wah.Prophet ‘Isa (a.s.w.) and his Da‘wah.Prophet Muhammad (a.s.w.) and his Da‘wah.

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1.Prophet Nuh (a.s.w.)’s Da‘wah to His People Al-A‘RAF (The Heights): 59-64

ا ال� ي'� ق'� ه� ف� و�م'� �ل�ى ق� { إ ل�ن�ا ن!وح'ا س'� ر�د� أ� ل�ق'� ﴿قال الل'ه تع'الى:

اف! ع�ل�ي�ك!م� �نGي� أ�خ'� ه! إ ر! �ل�''ه'O غ�ي'� ا ل�ك!م مGن� 'إ ه� م'� � 'الل'� د!وا � اع�ب'! و�م' ق'�اك� ف�ي ر� ا' ل�ن'� �ن'� ه'� إ و�م'� ال� ال�م�أل! م�ن ق� و'�مO ع�ظ�يمO * ق'� ذ�اب� ي'� ع'� Yول س'! ل�ك�نGي ر� ال�ل�ةY و� � ل�ي�س'� ب�ي ض'� و�م' ال� ي'�ا ق'� ب�ينO * ق'� Eم Oال�ل ض'�ح! ل�ك!م� أ�نص'''� بGي و� اال�ت� ر� !ب�لGغ!ك!م� ر�س'''� ال�م�ين'� * أ بG ال�ع'''� مGن 'ر� Yر اءك!م� ذ�ك'� ب�ت!م� أ�ن ج'� و�ع�ج�

ون� * 'أ� ا ال� ت�ع�ل�م'! ه� م'� أ�ع�ل�م! م�ن� الل'? و'�ل�ع�ل�ك!م� � و� وا ل�ت�ت�ق'''! ك!م� و� نك!م� 'ل�ي!ن'''ذ�ر� Gم Oل ج'''! بGك!م� ع'�ل�ى ر� مGن ر�ك� ل''� ه! ف�ي ال�ف! ع''� ذ�ين� م� ال''� اه! و� ي�ن''� أ�نج� ذ�ب!وه! 'ف� ك''� ون� *' ف� م''! ح� ت!ر�و�م''ا{ ع�م�ين� ان!وا� ق� م� ك''� �ن�ه! ا إ � ب�آي�ا'ت�ن''� ذ�ب!وا ذ�ين� ك''� ا ال''� ن''� ق� أ�غ�ر� ﴾و'�

(64-59)األع'راف:

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We sent Noah to his people, and he said: “My people, worship God alone: you have no deity other than Him. I fear lest suffering befall you on an awesome day.” * The great ones among his people replied: “We certainly see that you are in obvious error.” * Said he: “My people, I am not in error, but I am a Messenger from the Lord of all the worlds. * I am delivering to you my Lord’s messages and giving you sincere counsel, for I know [through revelation] from God what you do not know. * Do you think it strange that a reminder from your Lord should come to you through a man from among yourselves, so that he might warn you, and that you may keep away from evil and be graced with His mercy?” * But they accused him of lying, so We saved him together with all those who stood by him, in the ark, and caused those who rejected Our revelations to drown. Surely they were blind people. (Verses 59-64)

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2. Prophet Ibrahim (a.s.w.)’s Da‘wah to his People

د� ونGي ف�ي الل'?ه� و�ق'� Eاج �ت!ح'� ال� أ ه! ق'� و�م'! ه! ق� آج'� ﴿و�ح�� أ�ن ه� إ�ال' ر�ك!ون'� ب''� ا ت!ش''� اف! م''� د'�ان� 'و�ال� أ�خ''� ه''�ل�م'ا{ ء'O ع� ي� بGي' ك'!ل� ش'� ع� 'ر� ي'�ئ'ا{ و�س'� بGي ش'� اء� 'ر� ي�ش'�

ون� )األنعام: ال� ت�ت�ذ�ك�ر! (80﴾أ�ف�“His people disputed with him. He said: ‘(Come) ye to dispute with me,

about Allah, when He (Himself) hath guided me? I fear not (the beings)

ye associate with Allah: Unless my Lord willeth, (nothing can happen).

My Lord comprehendeth in His knowledge all things. Will ye not

(yourselves) be admonished?’” (al-An‘aam: 80)

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اف!ون� ك�ت!م� و�ال� ت�خ'� ر� ا أ�ش'� اف! م'� ف� أ�خ'� ﴿و�ك�ي'�ه� ل� ب''� Gز ا ل�م'� ي!ن''� ه� م''� ك�ت!م ب�الل''? ر� �ن'�ك!م� أ�ش''� أ Eق ي�ن'� أ�ح''� ر�ي'ق� ي'E ال�ف''�

أ� ل�ط�انا{ ف''� ع'�ل'�ي�ك!م� 'س''!�م�ن� إ�ن ك!ن'ت!م� ت'�ع�ل�م'!ون� )األنع'ام: (81﴾ب'�األ'

"How should I fear (the beings) ye associate with Allah, when ye

fear not to give partners to Allah without any warrant having been

given to you? Which of (us) two parties hath more right to

security? (tell me) if ye know.” (al-An‘aam: 81)

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ا �نت!م� ل�ه'� اث�ي'ل! ال�ت�ي أ ذ�ه� الت�م� ا ه'� ه� م'� و�م'� ب�ي'ه� و�ق�� ال� أل� ﴿إ�ذ� ق'�

د� ال� ل�ق'� ا ع�اب'�د�ين� '* ق'� د�ن'�ا آب�اءن'�ا ل�ه'� ال!وا و�ج'� ون� '* ق'� ع'�اك�ف!ا ئ�ت�ن'� ج�

ال!وا أ� ب�ينO * ق'� Eم Oل ال� ا'ؤ!ك!م� ف�ي ض'� آب'� �نت!م'� و� ك!نت'!م� أ Eب بEك!م� ر� ل ر� ال� ب''� ب'�ين� * ق''� ع� قG أ�م� أ�نت'� م�ن� الال� ال�ح� ب''�ا ع�ل�ى ذ�ل�ك!م �ن'� أ ه!ن� 'و� ر� ذ�ي ف�ط'� ض� ال'� ر�

� ا'أل� او�ات� و� م� الس'�د�ين� )ا'ألنبياء: اه� (56-52﴾مGن� الش�

“Behold! he said to his father and his people, "What are these images, to which ye are (so assiduously) devoted?” * They said, "We found our fathers worshipping them." * He said, "Indeed ye have been in manifest error - ye and your fathers." * They said, "Have you brought us the Truth, or are you one of those who jest?" * He said, "Nay, your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, He Who created them (from nothing): and I am a witness to this (Truth).” (al-’Anbiyaa’ : 52-56)

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{ ن�ب�ي'?ا{ دGيقا �ن'�ه! ك'�ان� ص'� يم� إ اه� �ب'�ر� ﴿و�اذ�ك'!ر� ف�ي ال�ك�ت'�اب� إع! و�ال� م� ا ال� ي'�س'� د! م'� �ب�ت� ل�م� ت'�ع'�ب'! ا أ' ب'�ي'ه� ي'�

� ال� أل� �ذ� ق'� *' إد� �نGي ق''� �ب�ت� إ ا أ ي�ئا{ '* ي''� ر! و'�ال� ي!غ�ن'�ي ع�ن''ك� ش''� ي!ب�ص''�د�ك� ات�ب�ع�ن�ي أ�ه''� ك� ف''� �ت''� ا ل�م� ي�أ' ا'ءن�ي' م�ن� ال�ع'�ل�م� م''� ج''�ي�ط�ان� إ�ن� د� الش''� �ب�ت'� ال� ت�ع�ب''! ا أ { * ي''� ي?ا' و� اطا{ س''� ر� ص''��ب�ت� إ�نGي ا أ ي?ا{ * ي''� م�ن'� ع�ص''� ح� ان� 'ل�ل''ر� ي�ط�ا'ن� ك''� الش''�ون� ت�ك''! م�ن ف� ح� ذ�ابY مGن� ال''ر� ك� 'ع''� اف! أ�ن ي�م�س''� أ�خ''�

ل�ي?ا{ )'مريم: ي�ط�ان� و� (45-41 ﴾ل�ل'ش�

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(Also mention in the Book (the story of) Abraham: He was a man of Truth, a prophet. * Behold, he said to his father: "O my father! why worship that which heareth not and seeth not, and can profit thee nothing? * "O my father! to me hath come knowledge which hath not reached thee: so follow me: I will guide thee to a way that is even and straight. * "O my father! serve not Satan: for Satan is a rebel against (Allah) Most Gracious. * "O my father! I fear lest a Penalty afflict thee from (Allah) Most Gracious, so that thou become to Satan a friend.” (Maryam: 41-45)

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�ب'�راه�يم! ل�ئ�ن ل�م� ت�نت'�ه� ت�ي ي'�ا إ اغ�بY أ�نت� ع�ن� آل�ه� ر�ال� أ� ﴿ق'�

ك� مY ع�ل�ي''� ال� ا'ل� س''� ا{ * ق''� ل�ي''? ن�ي' م� ر� ك� و�اه�ج''! ن''� م� ج! ر�� أل�

ز�ل!ك!م� أ�ع�ت'� ا{ * و� ي'? ف� ان� ب�ي ح� ه! ك'� �ن'� بGي إ ك'� ر� ر! ل'� ت�غ�ف� س'�أ� س�

ى أ�ال� بGي' ع�س''� و ر� أ�د�ع''! ه� و� د�ع!ون� 'م�ن د!ون� الل''� ا' ت''� و�م''�ا م� و�م''� ل�ه! ز� ا اع�ت''� ل�م''� ي?ا{ * ف� ق� بGي ش''� د!ع�اء ر� ون� ب''� أ�ك''!وب� ي�ع�ق'! اق� و� ح� ه! إ�س'� ا' ل'� ب�ن'� ه� و�ه'� د'!ون� م�ن د!ون'� الل'� ي�ع�ب'!ا ع�ل�ن'� ا و�ج� ت�ن'� م� ح� م مGن ر� ا ل�ه! ب�ن'� ا{ * و'�و�ه� ا ن�ب�ي'? ع�ل�ن'� { ج� و�ك!ال?

د�قO ع�ل'�ي?ا{ )مريم': ان� ص� م'� ل�س� (50-46﴾ل�ه!

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(The father) replied: "Dost thou hate my gods, O Abraham? If thou forbear not, I will indeed stone thee: Now get away from me for a good long while!" * Abraham said: "Peace be on thee: I will pray to my Lord for thy forgiveness: for He is to me Most Gracious. * "And I will turn away from you (all) and from those whom ye invoke besides Allah: I will call on my Lord: perhaps, by my prayer to my Lord, I shall be not unblessed." * When he had turned away from them and from those whom they worshipped besides Allah, We bestowed on him Isaac and Jacob, and each one of them We made a Prophet. And We bestowed of Our Mercy on them, and We granted them lofty honour on the tongue of truth. (Maryam: 46-50)

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4. The Rise of the Science of Da‘wahA new discipline or an academic subject in Islamic studies.A discussion of Da‘wah in other fields of Islamic studies such as in tafsir, hadith, kalam and fiqh.Usul al-Da‘wah by ‘Abd al-Karim Zaydan (1975) can be considered the pioneer work. He has elaborated four important basic foundations of Da‘wah, namely its content, caller, called, and means of Da‘wah.

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Basic Technical Terms in the Science of Da‘wah

Al-Da‘i (The Caller) Al-Mad‘u (The Called) Al-Risalah (The Message of Islam). Al-Usul (The Foundations) or Usul al-Da‘wah Al-Manahij (sing. manhaj) (The Methods) Al-Asalib (sing. uslub) (The Ways) Al-Wasa’il (sing. wasilah) (The Means)

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AL-DA‘I (The Caller)

One who invites others to Islam. In other words, the person who undertakes the responsibility of Da‘wah is called a Da‘i. His duty is to invite people to come to Allah, i.e. towards worshipping and obeying Him alone (Abdullah M. Zin, 1995:28).

Every Muslim has the obligation to play the role of a Da‘i, no matter which part of the world he belongs to, what language he speaks, or how much educated he or she is.

This obligation starts from the day one embraces Islam till his or her death (ICNA, 1983:11).

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AL-MAD‘U (The Called)

The called are all human beings, regardless of their nationalities, races, tribes, groups and gender identities.

�ل�ي�ك!م� ه� إ ول! الل'? س'! ا الن'�اس! إ�نGي ر� �يEه'� ا أ ل� ي'� )ق'!يعا{...( م� : ج� )158األعراف (

“Say: O Mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah …” (Q 7:158, see also 35:28).

A Da‘i must come to a Mad‘u and preach him. The Prophet (s.a.w) used to go to the Quraysh people, pilgrims, people of Ta’if, etc., because his duty as a Da‘i is to preach or convey.

غ! ول�ن�ا ال�ب�ال� س''''! ا ع�ل�ى ر� إ�ن�م''''� ل�ي�ت!م� ف� و� إ�ن ت''''� )...ف�) ب�ين! : ال�م! )12التغابن (

“Then the duty of our Messenger is only to convey (the message) clearly.” (al-Taghaabun: 12).

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Types of Mad‘u

1. al-Mala’ (Noble, Elite people)

2. Common people

3. Hypocrites, and

4. Disobedient people. 38

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Al-Risalah (The Message of Islam)

To proclaim Islam as the Din of Allah (s.w.t.) which was brought by Prophet Muhammad (a.s.w.), and the Qur’an is the Book of Allah, which is for all mankind and forever.

Islam is not a religion of mere belief and ritual but a complete and comprehensive transcendental way of life.

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Al-Usul (Foundations)

The Foundations of Da‘wah include: 1. Da‘i (Caller).2. Mad‘u. 3. Mawdu‘ al-Da‘wah and its methods.

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Al-Asalib (The Ways)

A successful Da‘wah depends on how a Da‘i approaches the Madu’. He should:1. identify the disease (al-da’) and know its remedy

(al-dawa’), 2. remove doubts and suspicions (shubuhat) in

respect of Islam, 3. awaken the spirit to use the right remedy when the

audience rejects it, and, 4. give proper education which becomes a

mechanism of defense against inner and incoming diseases (al-tarbiyyah wal-ta‘lim) (Zaydan, 1981: 404-28).

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Al-Manahij and al-Wasa’il

Al-Manahij (sing. Manhaj, method): – Wisdom, goodly advise and debate in

gracious manner (Abdullah M. Zin, 1995: 48-58).

Al-Wasa’il (sing. wasilah, means):– Among important media are through words,

action and example (Zaydan, 1981: 452-69). 42