Topic 20 3 elimination reactions
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Transcript of Topic 20 3 elimination reactions
- IB Chemistry Power Points Topic 20 Organic Chemistrywww.pedagogics.ca Elimination Reactions
- Elimination of HBr fromhalogenoalkanesRecall: nucleophilic substitution of a bromoalkane
- Elimination of HBr fromhalogenoalkanesRecall: nucleophilic substitution of a bromoalkane
- Elimination of HBr fromhalogenoalkanes Recall: nucleophilic substitution of a bromoalkaneReaction occurs whenbromoethane is added to adilute NaOH solution.If conditions change, thenature of the reaction willchange
- Elimination of HBr fromhalogenoalkanesAn elimination reaction is one where a small molecule isremoved from the reactant molecule.Substitution OH- + C2H5Br C2H5OH + Br-Elimination OH- + C2H5Br C2H4 + H2O + Br-Which reaction occurs depends on the reacting conditions.
- Elimination or Substitution?
- Elimination reaction mechanismsE2 mechanism- similar to SN2 - bimolecular process- transition state, no intermediates- typical of primary or secondary substituted alkyl halides
- E2 mechanism (animation)
- Elimination reaction mechanismsE1 mechanism- similar to SN1- unimolecular process- carbocation intermediate- typical of tertiary substituted alkyl halides
- Elimination reaction mechanismsHow the reactions happen the role of OH-The hydroxide ion hits one of the hydrogen atoms in the alkylhalide and pulls it off. ACTS as a BASE! (proton acceptor)This leads to a cascade of electron pair movements resultingin the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond, and the lossof the halogen as R-.