Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2

8/12/2019 Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2

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1. Consider the composition of the species W, X, Y and Z below. Which species is an anion?

Species Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons

W 9 10 10

X 11 12 11

Y 12 12 12

Z 13 1 10

!. W

". X

C. Y

#. Z(Total 1 mark)

2. $ner%& le'els for an electron in a h&dro%en atom are

!. e'enl& spaced.

". farther apart near the n(cle(s.

C. closer to%ether near the n(cle(s.

#. arran%ed randoml&.(Total 1 mark)

3. What is the correct n(mber of each particle in a fl(oride ion,19

)*

?

protons neutrons electrons

!. 9 10 +

". 9 10 9

C. 9 10 10

#. 9 19 10

(Total 1 mark)

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4. Which statement is correct for the emission spectr(m of the h&dro%en atom?

!. he lines con'er%e at lower ener%ies.

". he lines are prod(ced when electrons mo'e from lower to hi%her ener%& le'els.

C. he lines in the 'isible re%ion in'ol'e electron transitions into the ener%& le'el closest to

the n(cle(s.

#. he line correspondin% to the %reatest emission of ener%& is in the (ltra'iolet re%ion.(Total 1 mark)

5. What is the correct se-(ence for the processes occ(rrin% in a mass spectrometer?

!. 'aporiation, ioniation, acceleration, deflection

". 'aporiation, acceleration, ioniation, deflection

C. ioniation, 'aporiation, acceleration, deflection

#. ioniation, 'aporiation, deflection, acceleration(Total 1 mark)

6. /ow man& 'alence electrons are present in an atom of an element with atomic n(mber 1?

!. 2

".

C.

#. +(Total 1 mark)

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7. /ow man& protons, ne(trons and electrons are there in the species2

%2

?

Proto

n

s

Neutronslectron

s

!. 10 1 12

". 12 1 10

C. 12 2 10

#. 1 12 12

(Total 1 mark)

!. ! certain sample of elementZcontains 0 of 9Zand 0 of 41Z. What is the relati'e atomic

mass of elementZin this sample?

!. 9.2

". 9.+

C. 40.0

#. 40.2(Total 1 mark)

". What is the difference between two ne(tral atoms represented b& the s&mbols 2459

Co and 2+59

6i?

!. he n(mber of ne(trons onl&.

". he n(mber of protons and electrons onl&.

C. he n(mber of protons and ne(trons onl&.

#. he n(mber of protons, ne(trons and electrons.(Total 1 mark)

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1#. ! certain sample of elementZcontains 0 of9Zand 0 of

41Z. What is the relati'e atomic

mass of elementZin this sample?

!. 9.2

". 9.+

C. 40.0

#. 40.2(Total 1 mark)

11. Which ion wo(ld (nder%o the %reatest deflection in a mass spectrometer?

!.1

7

".1

72

C.1+

72

#. 81

71+

7

(Total 1 mark)

12. /ow man& electrons are there in one22

12 % ion?

!. 10

". 12

C. 1

#. 22 (Total 1 mark)

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13. he electron arran%ement of sodi(m is 2.+.1. /ow man& occ(pied main electron ener%& le'els

are there in an atom of sodi(m?

!. 1

". 3

C. 10

#. 11(Total 1 mark)

14. :nformation is %i'en abo(t fo(r different atoms;

atom ne(trons protons

W 22 1+

X 1+ 20

Y 22 1

Z 20 1+

Which t$oatoms are isotopes?

!. W and Y

". W and Z

C. X and Z

#. X and Y(Total 1 mark)

15. Which statement is correct abo(t a line emission spectr(m?

!. $lectrons absorb ener%& as the& mo'e from low to hi%h ener%& le'els.

". $lectrons absorb ener%& as the& mo'e from hi%h to low ener%& le'els.

C. $lectrons release ener%& as the& mo'e from low to hi%h ener%& le'els.

#. $lectrons release ener%& as the& mo'e from hi%h to low ener%& le'els.(Total 1 mark)

16. Which properties are t&pical of most non


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:. he& form ions b& %ainin% one or more electrons.

::. he& are poor cond(ctors of heat and electricit&.

:::. he& ha'e hi%h meltin% points.

!. : and :: onl&

". : and ::: onl&

C. :: and ::: onl&

#. :, :: and :::(Total 1 mark)

17. /ow man& ne(trons are there in the ion 1+72*?

!. +

". 10

C. 1

#. 20(Total 1 mark)

1!. What is the electron arran%ement of silicon?

!. 2.

". 2.+

C. 2.+.

#. 2.+.+

(Total 1 mark)

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1". What is the p(rpose of the beam of hi%h ener%& electrons (sed in a mass spectrometer?

!. o ionie atoms

". o accelerate ions

C. o deflect ions

#. o detect ions(Total 1 mark)

2#. Which statement is correct abo(t the isotopes of an element?

!. he& ha'e the same mass n(mber

". he& ha'e the same electron arran%ement

C. he& ha'e more protons than ne(trons

#. he& ha'e the same n(mbers of protons and ne(trons(Total 1 mark)

21. What is the difference between two ne(tral atoms represented b& the s&mbols210

84=o and210

85!t?

!. he n(mber of ne(trons onl&.

". he n(mber of protons and electrons onl&.

C. he n(mber of protons and ne(trons onl&.

#. he n(mber of protons, ne(trons and electrons.(Total 1 mark)

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22. Which statements are correct for the emission spectr(m of the h&dro%en atom?

:. he lines con'er%e at lower ener%ies.

::. $lectron transition to n >1 are responsible for lines in the @ re%ion.

:::. Aines are prod(ced when electrons mo'e from hi%her to lower ener%& le'els.

!. : and :: onl&

". : and ::: onl&

C. :: and ::: onl&

#. :, :: and :::(Total 1 mark)

23. What is the s&mbol for a species that contains 15 protons, 1 ne(trons and 1+ electrons?

!. B31

1

".331

1B

C.

=31

15

#.331

15=

(Total 1 mark)

24. What is the electron arran%ement of an !l3

ion?

!. 2, +

". 2, 3

C. 2, +, 3

#. 2, +, +(Total 1 mark)

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25. Which species has 5 electrons and 52 protons?

!.212+

52e

".+2132

5Xe

C.2132

5Xe

#.+212+

52e

(Total 1 mark)

26. What is the correct se-(ence for the processes occ(rrin% in a mass spectrometer?

!. 'aporiation, ioniation, acceleration, deflection

". 'aporiation, acceleration, ioniation, deflection

C. ioniation, 'aporiation, acceleration, deflection

#. ioniation, 'aporiation, deflection, acceleration(Total 1 mark)

27. he dia%ram below 8not to scale represents some of the electron ener%& le'els in the h&dro%en

atom.

n >

n >

n > 5

n >

n > 3

n > 2

n > l

8i #raw an arrow on the dia%ram to represent the electron transition for the ioniation

of h&dro%en. Aabel this arrow !.(2)

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8ii #raw an arrow on the dia%ram to represent the lowest ener%& transition in the

'isible emission spectr(m. Aabel this arrow ".(2)

(Total 4 marks)

2!. riti(m,,

3

1 , is an isotope of h&dro%en.

8i Btate the n(mber and t&pe of s(b


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2". 6itro%en is fo(nd in period 2 and %ro(p 5 of the periodic table.

8i #istin%(ish between the termsperiodandgroup.

DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD


DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD(1)

8ii Btate the electron arran%ement of nitro%en and eEplain wh& it is fo(nd in period 2 and

%ro(p 5 of the periodic table.



DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD(3)

(Total 4 marks)

3#. Btate the n(mber of protons, electrons and ne(trons in the ion 4

15

63*.DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD



(Total 2 marks)

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31. ! sample of %ermani(m is anal&sed in a mass spectrometer. he first and last processes in mass

spectrometr& are 'aporiation and detection.

8a 8i Btate the names of the other three processes in the order in which the& occ(r in a

mass spectrometer.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................(2)

8ii )or each of the processes named in 8a 8i, o(tline how the process occ(rs.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................(3)

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8b he sample of %ermani(m is fo(nd to ha'e the followin% composition;

:sotope 40Fe42

Fe4

Fe4

Fe

Gelati'e ab(ndance H % 22.0 25.5 3.43 15.22

8i #efine the term relative atomic mass.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................(2)

8ii Calc(late the relati'e atomic mass of this sample of %ermani(m, %i'in% &o(r

answer to two decimal places.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................(2)

(Total " marks)

32. #efine the followin% terms.

8i atomic number

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................(1)

8ii mass number

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................(1)

(Total 2 marks)

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33. Btate the electron arran%ements of the followin% species;

Bi ........................................................................................................................................

=3*

........................................................................................................................................(Total 2 marks)

34. :dentif& the n(mbers of protons, ne(trons and electrons in the species33

B2*

.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................(Total 1 mark)

35. Btate the electron arran%ement for atoms of al(mini(m, nitro%en and fl(orine.(Total 2 marks)

36. he relati'e atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5. Calc(late the percenta%e ab(ndance of the two

isotopes of chlorine,35

Cl and34

Cl in a sample of chlorine %as.(Total 2 marks)

37. 8a #escribe the followin% sta%es in the operation of the mass spectrometer.

8i ioniation(2)

8ii deflection(2)

8iii acceleration(1)

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8b 8i Btate the meanin% of the term isotopesof an element.(1)

8ii Calc(late the percenta%e ab(ndance of the two isotopes of r(bidi(m+5

Gb and+4

Gb.(2)

8iii Btate t$oph&sical properties that wo(ld differ for each of the r(bidi(m isotopes.(1)

8i' #etermine the f(ll electron confi%(ration of an atom of Bi, an )e3

ion and a =3*

ion.(3)

(Total 12 marks)

3!. 6at(rall& occ(rrin% copper has a relati'e atomic mass, 8Ar, of 3.55 and consists of two

isotopes3

C( and5

C(.

8i #efine the term relative atomic mass,Ar.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

(1)

8ii Btate and eEplain which is the more ab(ndant isotope.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................(1)

(Total 2 marks)

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3". he element 'anadi(m has two isotopes,@5023 and @,

51

23 and a relati'e atomic mass of 50.9.

8a #efine the term isotope.

DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.

DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD.(1)

8b Btate the n(mber of protons, electrons and ne(trons in @.50

23



8c Btate and eEplain which is the more ab(ndant isotope.



8d Btate the name and the mass n(mber of the isotope relati'e to which all atomic masses

are meas(red.


(Total 5 marks)

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4#. 8a Btate a ph&sical propert& that is different for isotopes of an element.

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

8b Chlorine eEists as two isotopes, 35Cl and 34Cl. he relati'e atomic mass of chlorine is35.5. Calc(late the percenta%e ab(ndance of each isotope.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 3 marks)

41. 8a #efine the term isotope.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(2)

8b ! sample of ar%on eEists as a miEt(re of three isotopes.

mass n(mber 3, relati'e ab(ndance 0.334

mass n(mber 3+, relati'e ab(ndance 0.030

mass n(mber 0, relati'e ab(ndance 99.

Calc(late the relati'e atomic mass of ar%on.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(2)

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8c Btate the n(mber of electrons, protons and ne(trons in the ion5

)e3

.

electrons; ............................. protons; ............................. ne(trons; ...........................(2)

(Total 6 marks)

42. 8a #efine the term isotope.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(2)

8b ! sample of %alli(m eEists as two isotopes,9

Fa, relati'e ab(ndance 1.2, and41

Fa,

relati'e ab(ndance 3+.+. Calc(late the relati'e atomic mass of %alli(m.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(Total 3 marks)

43. 8a $'idence for the eEistence of ener%& le'els in atoms is pro'ided b& line spectra.

Btate how a line spectr(m differs from a contin(o(s spectr(m.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

8b 7n the dia%ram below draw fourlines in the 'isible line spectr(m of h&dro%en.(1)

A o w e n e r % & / i % h e n e r % &

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8c $Eplain how the formation of lines indicates the presence of ener%& le'els.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(1)(Total 3 marks)

44. he element bromine eEists as the isotopes49

"r and+1

"r, and has a relati'e atomic mass of

49.90.

8a Complete the followin% table to show the n(mbers of s(b


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45. Bome 'aporied ma%nesi(m is introd(ced into a mass spectrometer. 7ne of the ions that reaches

the detector is25

%.

8a :dentif& the n(mber of protons, ne(trons and electrons in the25

%ion.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................(1)

8b Btate how this ion is accelerated in the mass spectrometer.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................(1)

8c he25

%2

ion is also detected in this mass spectrometer b& chan%in% the ma%netic field.

#ed(ce and eEplain, b& reference to the m/z'al(es of these two ions of ma%nesi(m,

which of the ions25

%2

and25

%is detected (sin% a stron%er ma%netic field.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 4 marks)

46. 8a Aist the followin% t&pes of electroma%netic radiation in order of increasin% wa'elen%th

8shortest first.

&. Yellow li%ht

&&. Ged li%ht

&&&. :nfrared radiation

&'. ltra'iolet radiation

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

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8b #istin%(ish between a contin(o(s spectr(m and a line spectr(m.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

8c he thinnin% of the oone la&er increases the amo(nt of @

"ased on the information in the table abo'e eEplain wh& @

Topic 2 Atomic Structure V2

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