Topic 10 SL CHEM Questions

8/11/2019 Topic 10 SL CHEM Questions

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IB Chemistry SL

Topic 10 Questions

1. Which of the structures below is an aldehyde?

A.

B.

C.

D.(Total 1 mark)

2. What product results from the reaction of CH2==CH2with Br2?

A. CHBrCHBr

B. CH2CHBr

C. CH3CH2Br

D. CH2BrCH2Br

(Total 1 mark)

3. What is the nal product formed when CH3CH2!H is re"u#ed with acidied

potassium dichromate$%&'?

A. CH3CH!

B. CH2==CH2

C. CH3C!!H

D. HC!!CH3(Total 1 mark)

4. Which substance$s' could be formed durin( the incomplete combustion of ahydrocarbon?

&. Carbon &&. Hydro(en &&&. Carbon mono#ide

A. & only

B. & and && only

C & )and &&& only

D. && and &&& only(Total 1 mark)

5. Which formulas represent butane or its isomer?

&. CH3$CH2'2CH3


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&&. CH3CH$CH3'CH3

&&&. $CH3'3CH

A. & and && only

B. & and &&& only

C. && and &&& only

D. &* && and &&&(Total 1 mark)

6. Which statement about nei(hbourin( members of all homolo(ous series iscorrect?

A. +hey ha,e the same empirical formula.

B. +hey di-er by a CH2(roup.

C. +hey possess di-erent functional (roups.

D. +hey di-er in their de(ree of unsaturation.(Total 1 mark)

7. What is the &/AC name for CH3CH2CH$CH3'2?

A. 0*01dimethylpropane

B. 21methylbutane

C. isopentane

D. ethyldimethylmethane(Total 1 mark)

8. Which compound has the lowest boilin( point?

A. CH3CH2CH$CH3'CH3

B. $CH3'C

C. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

D. CH3CH2!CH2CH3(Total 1 mark)

9. What type of reaction does the euation below represent?


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CH2=CH24 Br25 BrCH2CH2Br

A. substitution

B. condensation

C. reduction

D. addition(Total 1 mark)

10. Which compound is a member of the same homolo(ous series as 01chloropropane?

A. 01chloropropene

B. 01chlorobutane

C. 01bromopropane

D. 0*01dichloropropane(Total 1 mark)

11. Which formula is a correct representation of pentane?

A. CH3CH2CHCH2CH3

B. $CH3CH2'2CH3

C. CH3$CH2'3CH3

D. CH3$CH3'3CH3(Total 1 mark)

12. How many structural isomers are possible with the molecular formula C6

H0?

A.

B. 7

C. 6

D. 8(Total 1 mark)

13. Which compound is a member of the aldehyde homolo(ous series?

A. CH3C!CH3

B. CH3CH2CH2!H

C. CH3CH2C!!H

D. CH3CH2CH!(Total 1 mark)


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14. Which type of compound can be made in one step from a secondaryalcohol?

A. an aldehyde

B. an al9ane

C. a carbo#ylic acid

D. a 9etone(Total 1 mark)

15. Which formula represents a tertiary alcohol?

(Total 1 mark)

16. Which reaction type is typical for halo(enoal9anes?

A. nucleophilic substitution

B. electrophilic substitution

C. electrophilic addition

D. nucleophilic addition(Total 1 mark)

17. Which substance is notreadily o#idi:ed by acidied potassium

dichromate$%&' solution?

A. propan101ol

B. propan121ol

C. propanal

D. propanone(Total 1 mark)

18. What is the correct name of this compound?

A. 0*31dimethylbutane


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B. 2*1dimethylbutane

C. 21methylbutane

D. 21methylpentane(Total 1 mark)

19. /ropane* C3H;* under(oes incomplete combustion in a limited amount of air.Which products are most li9ely to be formed durin( this reaction?

A. Carbon mono#ide and water

B. Carbon mono#ide and hydro(en

C. Carbon dio#ide and hydro(en

D. Carbon dio#ide and water(Total 1 mark)

20. What is


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A. & and && only

B. & and &&& only

C. && and &&& only

D. &* && and &&&

(Total 1 mark)

23. What is the reaction type when $CH3'3CBr reacts with aueous sodium

hydro#ide to form $CH3'3C!H and aBr?

A. Addition

B. >limination

C. 0

D. 2

(Total 1 mark)

24. Which species is a free radical?

A. @CH3

B.4CH3

C.CH3

D. CH3 (Total 1 mark)

25. Which compound is a tertiary halo(enoal9ane?

A. $CH3CH2'2CHBr

B. CH3$CH2'3CH2Br

C. $CH3'2CHCH2CH2Br

D. CH3CH2C$CH3'2Br

(Total 1 mark)

26. Which species reacts most readily with propane?

A. Br2

B. Br@

C. Br


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D. Br4

(Total 1 mark)

27. An or(anic compound Xreacts with e#cess acidied potassiumdichromate$%&' to form compoundY* which reacts with sodium carbonate toproduce C!2$('.

What is a possible formula for compound X?

A. CH3CH2C!!H

B. CH3CH2CH2!H

C. CH3CH$!H'CH3

D. $CH3'3C!H

(Total 1 mark)

28. Which statement about successi,e members of all homolo(ous series iscorrect?

A. +hey ha,e the same empirical formula.

B. +hey di-er by a CH2(roup.

C. +hey ha,e the same physical properties.

D. +hey di-er in their de(ree of unsaturation.(Total 1 mark)

29. +he followin( is a three1dimensional representation of an or(anic molecule.

Which statement is correct?

A. +he correct &/AC name of the molecule is 21methylpentane.

B. All the bond an(les will be appro#imately E.

C. !ne isomer of this molecule is pentane.

D. +he boilin( point of this compound would be hi(her than that ofpentane.

(Total 1 mark)

30. Which compound forms when hydro(en bromide is added to but121ene?

A. 21bromobutane

B. 2*31dibromobutane

C. 01bromobutane

D. 0*21dibromobutane(Total 1 mark)


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31. Which products can be potentially obtained from crude oil and areeconomically important?

&. /lastics&&. Far(arine&&&. Fotor fuel

A. & and && only

B. & and &&& only

C. && and &&& only

D. &* && and &&&(Total 1 mark)

32. /ropane* C3H;* under(oes incomplete combustion in a limited amount of air.

Which products are most li9ely to be formed durin( this reaction?

A. Carbon mono#ide and water

B. Carbon mono#ide and hydro(en

C. Carbon dio#ide and hydro(en

D. Carbon dio#ide and water(Total 1 mark)

33. +wo reactions of an al9ene* B* are shown below.

$i' tate the name of A and write an euation for its completecombustion. >#plain why the incomplete combustion of A is dan(erous.

GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG..




GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG..(5)

$ii' !utline a test to distin(uish between A and B* statin( the result in

each case.



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$iii' Write an euation for the con,ersion of B to C.tate the type ofreaction ta9in( place and draw the structure of C.









(Total 11 marks)

34. or the two compounds HC!!CH2CH3and HC!!CHCH2

& &&

$i' tate and e#plain which of the two compounds can react readily withbromine.




(2)

$ii' Compound && can form polymers. tate the type of polymeri:ationcompound && under(oes* and draw the structure of the repeatin( unit ofthe polymer.

(2)(Total 4 marks)

35. +he compound C2Hcan be used as a startin( material for the preparation

of many substances.

$a' ame the compound C2Hand draw its structural formula.

GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG


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GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG(2)

$b' &n the scheme below* state the type of reaction and identify therea(ent needed for each reaction.

ABC2H5 CH3CH2!H 5 CH3C!!H





$c' C2Hcan be con,erted into one of the compounds below in a sin(le

step reaction.

C2H3Cl C2HCl2

Draw the structural formula for each of these compounds and identifythe compound which can be formed directly from C2H.




$d' !ne of the two compounds in $c' has an isomer. Draw the structuralformula of the isomer and e#plain why it can not be formed directlyfrom C2H.







$e' C2Hcan also react to form a polymer. ame this typof polymer and

draw the structural formula of a section of this polymer consistin( ofthree repeatin( units.


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$f' /olymers can also be formed in a di-erent type of reaction. &dentify thistype of reaction and name t!odi-erent types of such polymers.





(Total 16 marks)

36. +he plastic /%C* poly$chloroethene'* is made from the monomerchloroethene* C2H3Cl* by a polymeri:ation reaction.

$i' Draw the structural formula of chloroethene.





$ii' tate the type of polymeri:ation reaction that occurs to ma9epoly$chloroethene' and identify the structural feature needed in themonomer.



$iii' Draw the structure of the repeatin( unit of poly$chloroethene'.






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(1)

$i,' >#plain why monomers are often (ases or ,olatile liuids* whereaspolymers are solids.





(Total 6 marks)

37. +he hydrolysis of 21iodo121methylpropane by .0 mol dm3

I!H$a' to form21methylpropan121ol is an e#ample of nucleophilic substitution.

Ji,e euations to illustrate the S0 mechanism for this reaction.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

(Total 2 marks)

38. +he molecular formula CHBr represents four structural isomers* all of

which can under(o nucleophilic substitution reactions with aueous sodiumhydro#ide. An euation to represent all these reactions is

CHBr 4 a!H CH!H 4 aBr

$a' >#plain what is meant by the term nucleophilic substitution.(2)

$b' +he main mechanism for a tertiary halo(enoal9ane is 0. Ji,e theeuations for this substitution reaction of the tertiary isomer of CHBr.

how the structures of the or(anic reactant and product and use curlyarrows to show the mo,ement of electron pairs.

(4)

$c' +he main mechanism for a primary halo(enoal9ane is 2. Ji,e the

mechanistic euation for this substitution reaction of the strai(ht1chainprimary isomer of CHBr* showin( the structures of the or(anic

reactant and product* and usin( curly arrows to show the mo,ement ofelectron pairs.

(4)

$d' Ji,e a structural formula for the secondary isomer and for the otherprimary isomer. tate the name of each isomer.


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(4)(Total 14 marks)

39. Write euations to show the mechanisms of the followin( reactions. &n eachcase* show the structure of the intermediate and or(anic product* and usecurly arrows to show the mo,ement of electron pairs.

$i' the reaction between I!H and CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl.

(3)

$ii' the reaction between I!H and $CH3'3CCl.

(2)(Total 5 marks)

40. ome alcohols are o#idi:ed by heatin( with acidied potassiumdichromate$%&'. &f o#idation does occur* identify the possible o#idationproducts formed by each of the alcohols below. &ndicate if no o#idation

occurs.

Butan101ol

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

Butan121ol

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

21methylpropan121ol

..............................................................................................................................................

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(Total 4 marks)


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41. Chlorine and ethane react to(ether to form chloroethane.

$a' tate the condition needed for the reaction to occur.

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....................................................................................................................................

(1)

$b' Write euations to represent initiation* propa(ation and terminationsteps in the reaction.

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................... (4)(Total 5 marks)

42. CH3C!CH3is the rst member of the 9etone homolo(ous series. Draw the

full structural formula of the ne#t member of this homolo(ous series andpredict how its meltin( point compares with that of CH3C!CH3.

(Total 2 marks)

43. $i' Write an euation for the reaction between but121ene and bromine*showin( the structure of the or(anic product.

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(2)

$ii' tate the type of reaction occurrin(.

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(1)(Total 3 marks)

44. CH3C!CH3can be prepared in the laboratory from an alcohol. tate the

name of this alcohol* the type of reaction occurrin( and the rea(ents andconditions needed for the reaction.

(Total 5 marks)

45. 21bromobutane can be con,erted into butan121ol by a nucleophilicsubstitution reaction. +his reaction occurs by two di-erent mechanisms.

$i' Ji,e the structure of the transition state formed in the S2 mechanism.

(2)

$ii' Write euations for the S0 mechanism.

(2)(Total 4 marks)

46. >thene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon used as a startin( material for manyor(anic chemicals.

$a' Draw the structural formula of ethene and state the meanin( of theterm unsaturated hydrocarbon.

(2)

$b' tate an euation for the con,ersion of ethene to ethanol and identifythe type of reaction.

(2)

$c' Describe the complete o#idation of ethanol and name the product.&nclude the conditions* rea(ents reuired and any colour chan(es.

(4)

$d' tate an euation for the reaction between ethanol and the product ofcomplete o#idation in $c'. &nclude any other rea(ent reuired for thisreaction. ame the or(anic product and state onpossible use of thisproduct.

(4)(Total 12 marks)


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47. >thene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon used as a startin( material for manyor(anic chemicals.

$a' tate the meanin( of the term unsaturated hydrocarbon.(1)

$b' tate an euation for the con,ersion of ethene to ethanol and identify

the type of reaction.(2)

$c' Describe the complete o#idation of ethanol. &nclude the conditions*rea(ents reuired and any colour chan(es. ame the or(anic productX.

(4)

$d' tate an euation for the reaction between ethanol and compound X.&nclude any other rea(ent reuired. ame the or(anic compound "andstate onuse of this product.

(4)

(Total 11 marks)

48. +he euation for a reaction of ethane is

CH3CH34 Cl2CH3CH2Cl 4 HCl

+he mechanism of this reaction in,ol,es initiation* propa(ation andtermination steps. Describe this reaction* includin( euations for each stepand the role of ultra,iolet li(ht.

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(Total 5 marks)

49. $i' Draw the structural formula of propan121ol.

(1)

$ii' &dentify the alcohol as primary* secondary* ortertiary.

....................................................................................................................................

(1)

$iii' &dentify the or(anic product formed by the o#idation of this alcoholusin( acidied potassium dichromate$%&' solution.

..........................................................................................................................

(1)(Total 3 marks)

50. econdary halo(enoal9anes can under(o nucleophilic substitution reactionsby both 0 and 2 mechanisms. +he mechanism showin( the formation of

the transition state in the reaction between 21bromobutane and potassiumhydro#ide can be represented as follows.

$a' &dentify the type of mechanism shown.

....................................................................................................................................

(1)


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$b' tate and e#plain how the followin( chan(es would alter the rate of thereaction by this mechanism.

$i' usin( water instead of potassium hydro#ide.

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(2)

$ii' usin( bromoethane instead of 21bromobuture.

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(2)(Total 5 marks)

51. +he followin( is a computer1(enerated representation of the molecule*methyl 21hydro#y ben:oate* better 9nown as oil of winter(reen.

$i' Deduce the empirical formula of methyl 21hydro#y ben:oate and drawthe full structural formula* includin( any multiple bonds that may bepresent.+he computer1(enerated representation shown does not


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distin(uish between sin(le and multiple bonds.(2)

$ii' &n this representation* two of the carbon1o#y(en bond len(ths shownare .02 nm and .0383 nm. >#plain why these are di-erent andpredict the carbon1o#y(en bond len(th in carbon dio#ide.

(2)

$iii' ame all the functional (roups present in the molecule.(2)

(Total 6 marks)

52. $i' tate and e#plain the trend in the boilin( points of the rst si# al9anesin,ol,in( strai(ht1chains.

(2)

$ii' Write an euation for the reaction between methane and chlorine toform chloromethane. >#plain this reaction in terms of a free1radicalmechanism.

(5)(Total 7 marks)

53. $i' &dentify the formulas of the or(anic products* A>* formed in thereactions* ##$

#. CH3$CH2';!H 4 I2Cr2!8

##. $CH3'3CBr 4 a!H C

###. $CH3'2CH!H 4 I2Cr2!8 %

#$. H2C=CH24 Br2 &(5)

$ii' H2C=CH2can react to form a polymer. ame this typ of polymer and

draw the structural formula of a section of this polymer consistin( ofthree repeatin( units.

(2)(Total 7 marks)

54. >thene* propene and but121ene are members of the al9ene homolo(ousseries.

$a' Describe t'rfeatures of members of a homolo(ous series.(3)

$b' tate and e#plain which compound has the hi(hest boilin( point.(3)

$c' Draw the structural formula and (i,e the name of an al9ene containin(,e carbon atoms.

(2)

$d' Write an euation for the reaction between but121ene and hydro(enbromide* showin( the structure of the or(anic product. tate the typeof reaction occurrin(.

(3)


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$e' /ropene can be con,erted to propanoic acid in three steps

step0 step 2 step 3propene propan101ol propanal propanoic acid

tate the type of reaction occurrin( in steps 2 and 3 and the rea(entsneeded. Describe how the conditions of the reaction can be altered to

obtain the ma#imum amount of propanal* and in a separatee#periment* to obtain the ma#imum amount of propanoic acid.

(5)

$f' &dentify the stron(est type of intermolecular force present in each ofthe compounds propan101ol* propanal and propanoic acid. Kist thesecompounds in decreasin( order of boilin( point.

(4)(Total 20 marks)

55. $a' tate t!ocharacteristics of a homolo(ous series.

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(2)

$b' Describe a chemical test to distin(uish between al9anes and al9enes*(i,in( the result in each case.

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(3)(Total 5 marks)

56. +he followin( transition state is formed durin( the reaction of ahalo(enoal9ane with aueous sodium hydro#ide

$a' Deduce the structure of the halo(enoal9ane. Classify it as primary*secondary or tertiary* (i,in( a reason for your choice.

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(2)


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$b' +he mechanism of this reaction is described as 2. >#plain what is

meant by the symbols in 2. /redict a rate e#pression for this

reaction.

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(3)

$c' +he same halo(enoal9ane reacts with sodium hydro#ide by an 0

mechanism. Deduce the structure of the intermediate formed in thisreaction.

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(1)(Total 6 marks)

57. $a' Kist t!o characteristics of a homolo(ous series.

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(1)

$b' >thanol and ethanoic acid can be distin(uished by their meltin( points.tate and e#plain which of the two compounds will ha,e a hi(hermeltin( point.


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(2)

$c' Draw the t'r isomers containin( the alcohol functional (roup offormula CH!H.

(2)(Total 5 marks)


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IB Chemistry SL

Topic 10 Answers

1. A1

2. D1

3. C1

4. C1

5. D

16. B

1

7. B1

8. B1

9. D1

10. B

1

11. C1

12. B1

13. D1

14. D1

15. C1

16. A1

17. D1

18. D1

19. A1

20. A1


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21. C1

22. A1

23. C

1

24. A1

25. D1

26. B1

27. B

1

28. B1

29. C1

30. A1

31. B1

32. A1

33. $i' butaneLCH0$(' 4 !2$(' C!2$(' 4 7H2!$l'L(ignore state symbols,

accept balancing using 13O2)[1] for all formulas and[1] for balancing

equation.C! producedLC! is poisonous


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electron1decient carbon atomL 2

$b' correct structure of $CH3'3CBrL

curly arrow showin( CBr bond ssionL

correct structure of $CH3'3C4L

curly arrow showin( attac9 by !Hon correct C atomL

correct structure of $CH3'3C!HL &+ard[1]each for any four.

$c' correct structure of CH3CH2CH2CH2BrL

curly arrow showin( CBr bond ssionL

correct structure of transition state showin( char(e and all bondsL

curly arrow showin( attac9 by !Hon correct C atomL

correct structure of CH3CH2CH2CH2!HL

&+ard[1]each for any four.

$d' secondary

CH3CHBrCH2CH3L

21bromobutaneLother primary$CH3'2CHCH2BrL

01bromo121methylpropaneL 14

39. $i' $2 mechanism' 3

ntermediate structure sho+ing o"erall negati"e

charge and partial bonds.&ccept negati"e charge to be indicated asdelocalised bet+een the $O/$2/l.

H! CH2CH2CH2CH34 ClL

$ii' $0 mechanism' 2

5

40. butan101ol butanalLbutanoic acidL

butan121ol butanoneL

2 methylpropan121ol noo#idationL

&lso accept correct structures. Where both nameand structure gi"en structure must be correct andname largely correct.

4

41. $a' % li(ht


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$b' +hrou(hout accept radical with or without @initiation reaction(s)5

Cl22Cl@L 0

propagation reactions5

Cl@ 4 CH3CH3CH3CH2@ 4 HClL

CH3CH2@ 4 Cl2CH3CH2Cl 4 Cl@L 2

termination reactions5

CH3CH2@ 4 Cl@ CH3CH2ClL

2Cl@ Cl2L

2CH3CH2@ CH3CH2CH2CH3L 0

&+ard[1]for any termination reaction.

f initiation, propagation, termination not labelled

or incorrectly labelled a+ard[3]ma.5

42.

2

43. $i' CH;4 Br2CH;Br2L

!quation scores[1].

CH3CHBrCHBrCH3L 2

&ccept more detailed formula.

$ii' additionL 03

44. propan121olL&ccept 2/propanol.

o#idation


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&ccept *$8instead of $3$2$($3)

throughout.

4

46. $a'

&llo+ $29$2.

a hydrocarbon that contains at least one C=C $or CC'

sulfuric acid


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!M

potassium perman(anate


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$ii' reaction fasterLless bul9y (roup


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lar(est $molecular' mass


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secondary

Topic 10 SL CHEM Questions

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