Tools of Aeronautics
-
Upload
carol-ferguson -
Category
Documents
-
view
43 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Tools of Aeronautics
![Page 1: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tools of Aeronautics
![Page 2: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Tools of Aeronautics
• Four tools test aeronautics hypotheses– Wind tunnel testing– Computational fluid dynamics– Flight simulation– Flight test
• Testing tools were developed only within the last 100 years
![Page 3: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Wind Tunnel
• First tool to be developed• Used since the time of the Wright brothers• Moves wind past a stationary object
instead of moving the object through the air
• Advantages– Safer– Cheaper– Controlled environment
![Page 4: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Wind Tunnel
• Disadvantages– Creation of wind tunnel airflow requires a lot
of energy. – Maintenance of machinery, equipment, and
tunnels is expensive.– Airplane models must be made with precision
and durability, which requires time and money.
![Page 5: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Computational Fluid Dynamics
• Idea conceived in the 1960s to run wind tunnel tests in a computer– Initial computers were large,
slow, and cumbersome– Computers were able to
accurately predict forces and pressures
• Computers were able to graphically display fluid forces on an object
![Page 6: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Navier-Stokes Equations
Aren’t you glad we have computers that perform these computations for us?
![Page 7: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Computational Fluid Dynamics
![Page 8: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Computational Fluid Dynamics
![Page 9: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Computational Fluid Dynamics
• Many models are so complex that hours are needed, even with today’s computers, to analyze the data.
• Graphics present an incredibly large amount of complex information in a manner that enables researchers to quickly and accurately draw conclusions from their data.
![Page 10: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Flight Simulation
• Two Primary uses of flight simulation
Training Research
![Page 11: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Flight SimulationHow Does It Work?
– Similar to CFD, a math model of the test plane is programmed into a computer.
– The computer controls a cockpit mock-up designed to look like the interior of an airplane.
– A motion system simulates the movements of an airplane.
– Computers create scenery for the pilot.– Sound systems and instruments work
together to provide the pilot with an extremely realistic flying environment.
![Page 12: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Flight Test
• Final phase of flight development
• Flight testing verifies predictions made in prior phases of flight development
• Based on the results of a flight test, an airplane may be tested further using one of the other three tools, or more flight tests may be recommended.
![Page 13: Tools of Aeronautics](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56813047550346895d95ef14/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Image Resources
Microsoft, Inc. (2008). Clip art. Retrieved September 10, 2008, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (2008). NASA Dryden flight simulator photo collection. Retrieved June 24, 2009, from http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/Gallery/Photo/Simulator/index.html
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (2008). Navier Stokes equations. Retrieved June 24, 2009, from http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/nseqs.html
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (2009). NAS software applications. Retrieved June 24, 2009, from http://www.nas.nasa.gov/Resources/Applications/applications.html
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (2009). Computational fluid dynamics. Retrieved June 24, 2009, from http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/Gallery/Photo/X-43A/HTML/ED97-43968-1.html