Toolbox of non-formal learning activities for inclusion of ... · Toolbox of non-formal learning...

Toolbox of non-formal

learning activities

for inclusion

of minority youth

created during

Training course

“European Minority Youth

Inclusion”

Mitrovica, Kosovo

01-09/02/2016

www.minorityinclusion.wordpress.com

http://www.minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/

I. Acknowledgements:

This toolbox is created as a result of intensive work by participants and trainer’s

team during the Training course “European Minority Youth Inclusion” (565797-

EPP-1-2015-1-XK-EPPKA-2-CBY-WB), funded by the Erasmus+ programme of

the European Commission.

This project has been funded with support from the European Union through its

Erasmus+ programme. This publication reflects the views only of the authors,

and the Union and Programme cannot be held responsible for any use which

may be made of the information contained therein.

Training venue: Mitrovica, Kosovo

Dates: 1st to 9th of February 2016

Webpage of the project: www.minorityinclusion.wordpress.com

http://www.minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/

Table of contents:

I. Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................1

II. Summary of the project ..……………………………………………………..……..………..….…..3

Aims and Objectives ..………………………………………………………………………………….....……4

Partner organisations ..…………………………………………………………………………………..…….5

III. Toolbox of NFL activities for inclusion of minority youth ..............................6

Good morning MORTALS! .....................................................................................................6

How do you feel? ......................................................................................................................8

Humans of the local community ......................................................................................10

How does it feel now? ..........................................................................................................12

Changing Roles ......................................................................................................................14

Understanding Roma community and culture ............................................................15

Eat the Difference ..................................................................................................................17

What is a minority? …………………..……………..………………………………………...………..19

Experiencing discrimination and social injustice …………………………………………..21

Training Course “European Minority Youth Inclusion” Mitrovica, Kosovo, February 2016

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I. Summary of the project:

“European Minority Youth Inclusion” is a 8-day training course organised in Mitrovica, Kosovo

from 01.02.2016 until 08.02.2016 that gathers 30 youth workers, youth leaders, active young

people from Kosovo, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Poland, Bulgaria, Turkey, Macedonia, Serbia and

Bosnia and Herzegovina.

There is no doubt that Europe is a very diverse continent composed of people coming from

different racial, ethnic, religious, national and social backgrounds. There are few, if any

countries in Europe, in which there are no minority groups, being that based on their

ethnicity, nationality, religion, race or social belonging. But, even living in democratic societies

and peace, social, political and economic exclusion remains an everyday challenge and reality

to millions of minority members living in Europe today. It is also a challenge for the people

and youth in Mitrovica where our organisation is based which is a town with long lasting and

strong ethnical division since the conflicts in recent history. Low living standards,

discrimination, intolerance and exclusion are reality in which people of Mitrovica are living

every day. These situations especially affect the young people from Mitrovica and Kosovo in

general who learn from what they hear, see and live every day from elders, media and society

as a whole and create wrong perceptions and stereotypes which lead to discrimination and

exclusion of the “others”.

We believe that the civil sector and youth work can significantly help addressing the above

mentioned issues in Kosovo and Europe in general, especially when it comes to youth. That’s

why the Training course “European Minority Youth Inclusion” aims to train, empower and

improve professional competences of youth workers, youth leaders and professionals in the

youth sector that are working with minorities, vulnerable, marginalized and excluded groups

within their organisations and communities. The Training course will equip participants with

skills and competences to work on social inclusion and intercultural and interfaith dialogue of

young people from minority and majority groups while in the same time exchanging best

practices, experiences and initiating concrete activities that can bring positive social changes

in our communities and encourage active participation of young people from minorities in

democratic life. The training promotes and raises awareness about social cohesion, tolerance,

diversity and solidarity while in the same time fights against discrimination, racism,

homophobia, xenophobia and exclusion in general in any form.

The methodology for the activities of the Training course is based on non-formal education,

experiential and intercultural learning. The methodology is participant-centered and provides

participants the time and space to share their own ideas and expertise, but also to exchange

their inputs as well as to learn from each other.


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Aims and Objectives:

The Training Course “European Minority Youth Inclusion” main aim is to train, empower and

improve professional competences of youth workers, youth leaders and professionals in the

youth sector that are working with minorities, vulnerable, marginalized and excluded groups

within their organisations and communities in order to initiate concrete activities for inclusion

of minority young people in society by promoting and raising awareness about social

cohesion, tolerance, diversity, solidarity, intercultural and interfaith dialogue and in the same

time fighting against discrimination, racism, homophobia, xenophobia and exclusion in

general in any form.

To reach its aim, the Training course has the following specific objectives:

• To increase participants knowledge about minorities, minorities rights in particular and

human rights in general, challenges and violation of rights minorities face, minority-

majority relations, intercultural and interfaith dialogue and different models of social

inclusion of minorities in European Union and South-Eastern European countries;

• To raise the awareness about how certain minorities, groups of individuals are socially

excluded on the basis of their status, life choices or beliefs and encourage participants

to take a stand against discrimination, racism, homophobia, xenophobia and social

exclusion;

• To foster social cohesion and inclusion in Europe through addressing the issue of

social exclusion and encouraging young people’s awareness and commitment to

tackling these issues for a more inclusive society through creating and managing local

youth work activities ;

• To support youth workers and organisations in developing quality projects or activities

that involve or benefit minority young people and promote social inclusion on all

levels (from the local to the European level);

• To develop non-formal educational tools and methodology for minority youth

inclusion in particular and youth work with minority youth in general;

• To improve the intercultural and social skills of youth workers and young people as

well as their competences to manage and work with diversity in all its forms;

• To motivate and enable participants to share their acquired knowledge and experience

and to act as multipliers in their organisations, communities and beyond;

• To compare different models and share experiences and good practices of minority

inclusion in European Union and South Eastern European countries;

• To foster sustainable international cooperation and networks, capacity and partnership

building in the youth field working with minorities and social inclusion of youth;

• To promote Erasmus+ Programme as tool and platform to work with minority youth

and reach and enable active participation of excluded groups of young people.

On the long run, the Training course “European Minority Youth Inclusion” sets to reach the

goal of raising the quality of European youth work with young people from minority groups

which can lead towards improved social inclusion of the same target group in European

countries.


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Partner organisations

“European Minority Youth Inclusion” is a project that is organised by Institute

for Analysis and Development from Mitrovica, Kosovo in cooperation with

partner organisations from 9 European countries.

By following the links below, you can find out more about the organisations

involved into this project as well as find their contact information.

Kosovo – Institute for Analysis and Development

Serbia – Centar za pomoc apaticnoj omladini

Macedonia – Association “Urbano Opshtestvo”

Turkey – Youth Inclusion Association

Romania – Asociatia Tinerilor Activi Civic

Bosnia and Herzegovina – Fondacija Krila Nade/Foundation Wings of Hope

Italy – ASAP Europe

Poland – Niemieckie Towarzystwo Oświatowe

Bulgaria – Regional Cluster “North-East

Slovakia – Association for Development, Education and Labour

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/kosovo/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/serbia/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/macedonia/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/turkey/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/romania/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/bosnia-and-herzegovina/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/italy/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/poland/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/bulgaria/

https://minorityinclusion.wordpress.com/partners/slovakia/


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III. Toolbox of Non-formal learning activities for

inclusion of minority youth

Good morning MORTALS!

Developed by: Dijana Jagodic, Bosnia and Herzegovina Boyko Luibenov, Bulgaria Florin Marginean, Romania

Themes: • Knowledge about the topic of the project • Team building • Time management

Target group:

This activity is made for participants in youth exchanges and training courses. It will be used for the whole duration of the programme they are attending, so it can be used by any facilitators or trainers that are involved in international activities.

Group size: 20-40

Time: 20-25 minutes

Overview of the activity:

At the beginning of the activity, split in culturally mixed teams of 3 or 4 members, participants will have 2 minutes to choose a name and a motto of their team. The teams are handed a set of 10 questions related to the topics every morning, having 30 seconds to answer each. Every correct answer will be awarded with one point, and on the last day of the project the team that wins will get a small present (signed handmade card, chocolates, local products, etc.) If a member of the team is not present at the beginning of the session that team can play, but the results won’t count. A debriefing part will take part after every set of question, asking how does everybody feels, with a longer debriefing on the last day of the project.


• to give basic knowledge about the project in a fun way • to assure that people will be on time for the sessions • to have a mental energizer in the morning • to be build the team spirit


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Materials and space needed:

• training room • a piece of paper and a pen for every participant • a set of questions for every day • flipcharts

markers

Step-by-step instructions:

1. Activity will start with a short physical activity (energizer) to make the participants ready for the session (5 minutes) 2. The facilitators will ask the participants to count up to 3 or 4 and have the teams created as mixed as possible. Every team will have 2 minutes to create a name and motto for the team. The rules will be explained, making clear that the teams will not be able to get the points if the team is not complete and on time. (5 minutes) 3. The facilitators/trainers will provide the participants with paper and pens after which the set of 10 questions of the day will be asked, giving 30 seconds for every question. (10 minutes) 4. After the questions are asked, the facilitators will say all the correct answers and the participants will self asses their answers. (2 minutes) 5. A small discussion about the topic will be held at the end of the activity, helping participants to introduce the next session (5 minutes)

Debriefing and evaluation:

The full debriefing will be made in the last day of the project, when the participants will be asked how do they felt during the morning exercise, if it was beneficial, if they will use this in their day to day work and what they will change next time. Also, during the days there will be a small part of evaluation, asking questions like:

1. Did you learn anything that you didn’t know before about the topics?

2. Do you think you had enough time? 3. What other information would you use?

Tips for facilitators:

Keep a positive smile all the time! Have extra bonus questions. Have a mid-term and final “prize” for the most successful team.

Additional information, notes (Appendixes)


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How do you feel?

Developed by: Sara Cadoni, Italy Stefan Kalaba, Serbia Tomka Petričević, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Themes: • First impression about someone • Prejudice and stereotypes • Discrimination and inclusion

Target group: Participants in projects, over 18 years old from different countries.

Group size: 30 people

Time: 60 minutes


Energizer: to find out more interesting things about each other The main activity: We will put the labels on foreheads and we should guess who we are and how we felt in the specific role which was given to us. After that there is a group discussion.


• to step into somebody’s else shoes • to be more open-minded • to respect those who are different from you and not discriminate • to foster honesty


• Working room without chairs, later with chairs in evaluation part • Flipchart, papers, tape, markers, toilet paper, camera


Energizer: Participants should stand in circle while toilet paper is given to one person. Every person will take how many pieces of paper they want, 1 or 10 depends on them. When everyone has pieces of toilet paper, every participant should cut one piece saying one interesting thing about him/herself (for example: I have a snake as a pet or I have a big scar which I’ve got during rafting etc.) This activity will take about 10 to 15 minutes. Main activity: Facilitator will have prepared closed 30 labels in a box that each have written category on it (ex. Priest, gay, homophobic, Blondie, millionaire, HIV positive, refugee, ex prisoner, prostitute, doctor, police officer, black musician etc.) Each person will pick one label without opening it. Person next to you will stick on your forehead the label you have in your hands without you knowing who you are.


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When all of them are having labels on their head, facilitator will explain the rules of the game: you will move around the working room and you should act and speak with each other. Go from person to person and express your attitude and feelings in the way you feel when you see the person in front of you without explaining them who they are and without using the key words on their labels. After this activity, which will take 10 to 15 minutes, participants will take chairs and sit in a circle still with the labels on the foreheads. Facilitator will ask How the activity was for them and how did they felt. Those who want to speak should raise their hands and share their feeling and impressions. Then, one by one will come in front of the flipchart and first guess what was their label, how they felt during this activity. They will write on flipchart their feelings and they will debate. Facilitator will ask them few questions about their own experience from before. The whole activity should take around 45 minutes.


The activity will be evaluated through discussion with participants. The following questions will be asked by the facilitator: 1. How did you feel during this activity? 2. Do we all discriminate? 3. What is the main reason for discrimination? 4. How can we overcome this problem?



Photos could be taken during this activity to be shared later on in social media in order to promote the project.


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Humans of the local community

Developed by: Matej Rura, Slovakia Efe Sezer, Turkey Alexandru Gheorghe, Romania

Themes: • Minority inclusion • Authentic experience • Approaching your target

Target group: Youth workers, students, representatives of minorities.

Group size: 8 participants, divided in teams of 2

Time: 180 - 200 minutes


Each team should go into the town and search for different kinds of people that they should interview in order to understand the social situation in that certain place. Every team should address a different group, regarding ethnicity and age. For example, a team should address young Serbs, another one older ones, another one should address young Albanians etc.


• Getting to know more about your target group • Getting different points of view in order to create an objective opinion • Building a relevant approach and ideas of improvement • Improving your effectiveness


• Notebooks • Pens • Water and food • Audio recorder and camera


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1. The large group will be divided into teams of two members. 2. Every team must build an interview/research plan that contains specific subjects and questions. 3. Each team should go into certain areas of the city in order to look for people to interview. 4. They will have to ask questions to the locals regarding the social situation in the city, relationships between the ethnic groups, opinions about the general situation, etc. Also they have to ask to take a photo of the people they interviewed. 5. Each team should write a text about what they found out and also add photos to it; each text should contain a personal opinion about the subject. 6. Each team will have to present their text and photos to the others.


1. How many people has each team interviewed? 2. How relevant are the subjects and questions regarding the inclusion topic? 3. What did they find out? 4. How good was the presentation? 5. How relevant was the writer`s comment?


The facilitators have to select the most skilled participants for this task, according to communication skills, language skills, etc. Also, they should provide them with hints and tips on how to find and how to approach the subjects, in order not to be too intrusive and not offend the subjects.


All the materials that are made during this activity should be gathered and published in order to be presented to as many people as possible. The results and conclusions can be used in the future integration and inclusion projects.


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How does it feel now?

Developed by: Jovana Stojanović, Kosovo Slavjan Stojanov, Macedonia Peter Židó, Slovakia

Themes: • Disability • Minority • Empathy

Target group: Young people

Group size: Group from 10 to 30 young people

Time: 40 – 50 minutes


This activity starts with short energizer followed with the main activity in which the point is participants to taste practically how is it to be disabled (blind in this case) and to be lead in good/bad way (through the experiences of their senses).

Other point is to understand how important is to help people with disabilities in everyday life.

Activity ends with the short debate about the experiences and conclusions.


• to enable youth to practically experience how does it feel to live with disability (and to be guided in good/bad way)

• to enable youth to understand how important is to help disable people in everyday life

to show youth how it is to rely on someone in everyday life


• minimum 3 glasses • different types of spices (optional: different object for tactile

sensing) • water • minimum 2 scarfs

big blanket (for energizer)


Energizer: (5 minutes)

1. Get the group in circle, divide them in two groups. They should

be on their knees and divided by the blanket. Every group will

choose one person to be in front of them. The point is when

the blanket goes down the chosen representative of the group

need to say the name of person representing the other group.

Who say the name first takes the person in his group. After few

minutes the game is over and the group that have more people


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wins. This energizer is good for beginning, middle or ending of

projects to help the participants in remembering their names

(also to boost energy before activities).

2. Explanation of main activity (5 minutes): explain the group that

they will participate in one fun and practical activity, they

should follow the instructions of the facilitators, they should not

talk for the experiences till the facilitator ask them to do it.

Main activity: (20 – 30 minutes, depending to the group) One facilitator takes the whole group outside of the room. The second facilitator puts different spices in three glasses and mixes it with the water. First facilitator blindfolds one of the participants and guides them in the room. Then asks him to try and taste from all the three glasses, but before he will explain him what is he going to taste. After that he will take of the scarf and let him sit and observe. Meanwhile the third facilitator also go out with the scarf and blindfold the next participant and do the same as the other one before, but with wrong instructions about what is he going to taste (so the participants will get different experiences of wrong and right guidance). The process is repeated after all the participants will pass through this experience. Debriefing: (10-15 minutes) First the facilitators ask participants to express their experiences during this activity. Guiding them to develop the small debate and ending with explanation of the point of whole activity including also some of their experiences. In this way they will personally understand more how it feels to be person with disability and be guided in good or bad way and also they will understand the importance of helping people with disabilities in everyday life.


First the facilitators ask participants to express their experiences during this activity. Guiding them to develop the small debate and ending with explanation of the point of whole activity including also some of their experiences. In this way they will personally understand more how it feels to be person with disability and be guided in good or bad way and also they will understand the importance of helping people with disabilities in everyday life.

Tips for facilitators: If it’s possible, it is good to use different combination of tastes and tactile sensing in order participants to feel different types of sense experiences.


It is suggested to take photos from the process of activity for additional promoting of this exercise.


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Changing Roles

Developed by: Damjan Mirceski, Macedonia Vasko Pantovic, Kosovo Yoanna Ivanova, Bulgaria

Themes: • inclusion of minority groups

Target group: Young people identifying with underground cultures (punk, metal and trance)

Group size: 12-20

Time: 60 min


The activity will be implemented in 6 phases: 1. Energizer 2. Explanation of the activity and the rules 3. Creation of the groups 4. Preparation time 5. Presentation of the groups 6. Debate

Aims and Objectives: • to see how different groups will react in situations when they become a majority • to encourage empathy


• Medium sized room, Tables, Chairs, Music


1. Participants are grouped in teams of 4 people. Each group will consist of two “normal” and two punks, metals or trances. 2. Each group will have 15 minutes to prepare a short theatre play that should show a real life situation 3. Presentation of the theatre plays 4. Creation of new groups 5. 15 min for preparation 6. Presentation 7. Creation of new groups 8. Preparation 9. Presentation 10. Debate


1. How did you feel? 2. How would you interact if you find yourself of this kind of real situation?



Papers, music, taking photos


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Understanding Roma community and culture

Developed by: Toncho Dimitrov, Bulgaria Lili M.Salca, Macedonia Stefan Kalaba, Kosovo

Themes: • Education • Roma Community • Dialogue - Culture – Integration

Target group: Youth people aged 18-30 years old

Group size: 15 - 30

Time: 60 minutes


This activity wants to get in touch with Roma Community, with their problems and propose solutions for overcoming them. The activity also discusses the integration process of Roma people in society.


• to discuss the integration process of Roma community in society • to deal with issues of Roma community and act in a intercultural path • to raise awareness and establish collaboration between local government and civil society organisations


• pens, • markers • colors, • paper • flipcharts • camera • laptop • large space with tables and chairs


1. The activity starts with a dynamic energizer with lot of movement. 2. Short introduction why we are doing the activity and why it is important. 3. In the plenary brainstorming issues and obstacles that members of the Roma community are facing in our societies. The brainstormed issues are written on flip-chart 4. Split in groups, participants pick some of the issues written on the


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flip-chart for which they have a task to explore and discuss them in their groups. Besides exploring and discussing the issues of Roma community in their countries, they will also need to discuss about how civil society organisations can include them in their work and help in their education, training or integration process in society. 5. After the small groups work there are presentations of their conclusions in the plenary and discussion about what civil society organisation can do in order to include and work with Roma community. 6. At the end, there is a discussion in the plenary about how members of Roma community, the governments and non-govermental organisations can work together in order to improve their situation.


• How do you feel after the activity? • Are you surprised with the results of the group work? • Have you worked before with members of the Roma community? If yes, share your experience. • Why the Roma community is usually marginalized in society? • How we can improve their situation? • What can governments do to improve the situation of Roma in society and ensure their integration? • What can civil society and non-governmental organisation do in this field?

Tips for facilitators: It is recommended that there is a Roma person that can assist facilitators during the activity and lead the discussions in the plenary. Also its recommended that some of the participants are Roma.



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Eat The Difference

Developed by: Lucia Majerciakova, Slovakia Dilara Sayar, Turkey Dino Muric, Kosovo

Themes:

Minority Inclusion Cultural Differences Ethnic understanding Intercultural learning

Target group: Different ethnic groups within certain smaller communities (for example a smaller city). The activity is for everyone and everyone can participate.

Group size: It depends on the size of the community and the number of ethnic groups. Each ethnic group will have their representatives who will teach and show the others how to prepare their traditional meals.

Time: It depends, but approximately 240 minutes.


Each ethnic group will have their representatives who will teach and show the others how to prepare their traditional meals. Members of each ethnic group will therefore have a chance to get together and learn how to prepare the food typical for a different ethnic group, experience the different food culture and enjoy the meal without prejudice. Thus, it can arouse the curiosity about their lifestyle and enable them to learn more and understand other cultures. At the end, they will all enjoy the meals together and they can experience the similarities between them as well as their food.


• to feel the culture and lifestyle of other ethnic groups • to reduce stereotypes and prejudices • to foster anti-discrimination • to connect citizens of certain communities


6 portable cooking tables cutlery, kitchen supplies posters, flyers

music, speakers, audio set Big conference room/hotel


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1. Opening and introduction 2. Beginning of cooking 3. Groups prepare the food one at the time 4. Watching and learning, participating in food preparation 5. Eating together 6. Another group starts cooking and the process is repeated


1. What did you learn today? 2. Who did you work together with? 3. Do you think you can understand the other group better? 4. What did this activity gave to you? 5. Would you like to do this activity again?

Tips for facilitators: Have some sort of security. Limited amounts of alcohol. Double check the amount of cooking and kitchen supplies.


Maintenance personnel that will clean the conference room or the restaurant.


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What is a minority?

Developed by:

Zuzana Kciuk, Poland Andrea Di Tommaso, Italy Stefan Vukojević, Serbia Miloš Aleksić, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Themes:

Social inclusion

Anti-racism Intercultural learning Minorities

Target group: Young people, youth workers, minority groups

Group size: 20 – 30 participants

Time: 45 minutes

Overview of the activity: Creating a common understanding about the term minority through personal and group reflection.


• to understand what is the concept of minority • to create a common group definition of the term minority • to brainstorm, discuss and understand the characteristics that define people as minorities


Pens and markers Papers Open-space and chairs for sitting


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Each person writes down 4 characteristics, which can together define the concept of minority. The participants then go together in groups of three and share their 4 characteristics. In case they have chosen different words, they negotiate until they reach an agreement of only 4 words. Now they go into groups of six and do the same. Eventually the whole group comes together. At the end the group presents their common “definition” of minority in the plenary. After the presentations there is a debriefing led by a trainer/facilitator. The facilitator also presents his insights about the concept of minority and present their experience in working with minorities.


1. What are minorities? 2. What are ethnic minorities? 3. How do you become a minority? 4. How do you stop being a minority? 5. How can you change your minority status? 6. Who can change it? 7. Does being a minority mean being disadvantaged? 8. Which kinds of discrimination can you fight through legislation?

Tips for facilitators: Point out that participants should negotiate about the words they write down and that they should discuss over the characteristics they think define the concept of minority.



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Experiencing discrimination and social injustice

Developed by: Maria Mihaela Barbieru, Romania Milica Lazić, Serbia Anis Hafaiedh, Italy

Themes: Social injustice Discrimination Minorities

Target group: Young people, kids from majority groups

Group size: Maximum 40, divided into subgroups

Time: 60 to 90 minutes


The activity is about showing and understanding discrimination against people who are different. It shows in a creative way the mechanisms that maintain minorities in an underprivileged position in our society. Participants will learn through their own awareness of what it means to experience both active and passive discrimination. Participants can also work out solutions that can be transferred into their daily lives.


• To experience discrimination • To analyse how we discriminate against certain social groups and at the same time blame them for the situation they are in • To raise awareness about how we help preserve unfair social structures


Large room, so the groups can work separately without disturbing each other • 4 large sheets of paper • 4 old magazines • 4 scissors • 4 packs of colourful pens • 4 tubes of glue • Optional: 4 sets of other bits and pieces e.g. string, wool, buttons, paper clips. • Paper and pen for the observers • Clock or watch


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5 munutes 1. Divide the participants into four groups and ask each group to sit in a corner of the room where they can work comfortably (by counting, different coloured chocolate bars under the chairs, etc.) 2. Ask each group to nominate one person to be an observer to note down what the members of the group do or say. (optional) 3. Announce that you will be coming round to each group in turn to give them the materials and the instructions of what to do. 4. Go to the first group, give them a set of materials and give written instructions: "You have a sheet of paper, a magazine, scissors and glue. You must make a collage representing Spring. You have 20 minutes. You may start whenever you want. 5. Then go to the second group, give them a set of materials and give written instructions: "You have a sheet of paper, a magazine, scissors and glue. You must make a collage representing Summer. You have 20 minutes. You may start whenever you want." 6. Then go to the third group, give them their materials and give written instructions: "You have a sheet of paper, a magazine, scissors and glue. You must make a collage representing Autumn. You have 20 minutes. You may start whenever you want." 7. Then go to the last group, give them their materials (just a paper and broken pen) and give written instructions: "Mso, flosamd loerabtbz losnise bauqvxa poyeks, nseioamans sajiyudo laverza losifalitome. You have 20 minutes to do it. You may start whenever you want." 20-30 minutes 8. While the groups are working, go round the groups, be encouraging and supportive to the first, second and third groups, but blame the fourth group for not doing what you asked them to. 9. After 20 minutes stop the activity and ask the groups hand in their collages. If the first group has not yet finished give them 3 or 4 minutes more. 30-40 minutes Debriefing and evaluation


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Start with a round from those who played. Ask them to say how they felt about the activity and how they worked together in their groups, did everyone participate? Follow with a round from the observers. Ask them to say what happened in each group. Then involve everybody in a discussion about the links with reality: • Can you see any links with real life? • In our society, who is in the fourth group? • How do we tend to blame the victims of social injustice? • How do people who feel they are the victims of social injustice react? • Do they react the same way as the people in group 4 did?


• If you are working with just a few people adapt the game and create two sub-groups, the first with very clear instructions and the second with confusing ones. • An alternative to using the nonsense sentence with the fourth group is to give them proper instructions spoken very fast or in another language. • Trainers must ensure that the groups do not come into contact with each other. Especially it is important to stress that division into the groups has been done randomly and nobody was specifically chosen to be in discriminated subgroup. • Make sure that the groups are formed randomly so as to avoid anybody in group four feeling victimised. • Before starting the evaluation it is essential to make clear that this was a simulation and that we must now get out of our roles.



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