Tom Fisher – 3021495 Supervisor - A/Prof Andrew Dempster Assessor - Dr Jinho Choi Combining GPS...
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Transcript of Tom Fisher – 3021495 Supervisor - A/Prof Andrew Dempster Assessor - Dr Jinho Choi Combining GPS...
Tom Fisher – 3021495
Supervisor - A/Prof Andrew Dempster
Assessor - Dr Jinho Choi
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
DefinitionEquipment and algorithms applied to CDMA cellular wireless telecommunications to determine geographic position, and in some cases the velocity and direction of travel of wireless devices.
Source: http://www.3gamericas.org/English/Technology_Center
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Stakeholders
Emergency Services (esp. US)
Communications Authorities
Mobile Phone Operators – E911 (2000-2005)
Mobile Phone Users
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Benefits
Enhanced 911 (FCC 2000 Mandate)
Traffic Information
Location Based Billing
Enhanced Roadside Assistance
RF/Network Optimisation
Navigational Assistance
Personal Location
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Current Standards and Previous Work
IS-801 (Positioning Standard)
IS-95 (CDMA Communications Standard)
Rappaport (Various Papers)
SNAP Laboratory Work
UWCC Mobile Positioning Study
FCC 94-102 Phase II Automatic Location Identification
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Positioning Concepts
Concept of Positioning
GPS: Uses at least 3 satellites (4th for time/DGPS)
Uses Trilateration to determine position
Uses timing signals to determine relative position
Source: http://www.dod.mil/gps.html
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Positioning Concepts
GPS
Each satellite sends 2 signals:
Location of Satellite:
Timing signal (Pseudo-Random Code):
For the Receiver:
Transmit time:
Distance from Satellite:
1 ( , , )s s sS x y z
2 sentS t
total recv sentt t t
satellite totald ct
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Positioning Concepts
GPS
satellited
Source: http://mail.colonial.net/~abeckwith/gps.html
The receiver is somewhere on a sphere of radius
Intersection of 3 spheres leaves possible 2 locations
Impossible locations are ignored
Coordinates are now known
( , , )e e ex y z
( , , ) ( , , )e e ex y z Lat Long Elev
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Technology Approaches Network-Based Approaches
Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA)
Angle of Arrival
Multipath Analysis
Receive Power
Handset-Based Approaches GPS
Network-Assisted GPS
Advanced Forward Link Trilateration
Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD)
Source: Caffery and Stüber: Subscriber location in CDMA Cellular Networks, 1998
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Compatibility
Network-Based Approaches Does not require air interface modifications
Requires additional base station equipment
Added system maintenance
Handset-Based Approaches Requires air interface modifications (TIA PN-4589 and TR 45.1)
Requires handset upgrades/replacement
Added system maintenance
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
UWCC Study Findings
Universal Wireless Communications Consortium (UWCC)
Revenue from New Services
Location is High Value, Low Bandwidth Data
Location Powers the Wireless Web
Enriches Value Added Internet Content
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Proposed Solution
2 Goals:
Minimal Network Changes / Maximum Compatibility
Greatest Accuracy
2-D solution
Explore hybrid Handset/Network solutions
Conform to Australian and International Standards
Make recommendations for Australian E-000
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Cellular Network Positioning
Proposed Solution
Combination Network-Based Solution
TDOA
Receive Power
Hybrid Network/Handset Solution
E-OTD
Investigate Practicality and User Impact
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Thesis A Current Status
Current Status
Literature Review Completed by Session 1
Binghao Li’s Test Data Collated and Processed
Thesis Part B Planned
Combining GPS and CDMA Cellular Network Measurements for Positioning
Thesis B Planning
Timeline
Schedule has thus far been Accurate
Resources Acquired
GPS Reference Books
TDOA Test Data
Questions