To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee. Harper Lee Youngest of three children. Born April 28, 1926 in...
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Transcript of To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee. Harper Lee Youngest of three children. Born April 28, 1926 in...
To Kill a To Kill a MockingbirdMockingbird
By Harper LeeBy Harper Lee
Harper LeeHarper Lee Youngest of three children.Youngest of three children. Born April 28, 1926 in Monroeville, Born April 28, 1926 in Monroeville,
Alabama.Alabama. Several parallels between her life and Several parallels between her life and
her novel.her novel. Her father’s middle name was “Finch”Her father’s middle name was “Finch” She was a tomboy like “Scout” in the She was a tomboy like “Scout” in the
novel.novel. The setting, Maybomb, Alabama is The setting, Maybomb, Alabama is
like her native Monroeville.like her native Monroeville. To Kill a Mockingbird was awarded the To Kill a Mockingbird was awarded the
1960 Pulitzer Prize.1960 Pulitzer Prize. First time since 1942 that a woman First time since 1942 that a woman
won that honor.won that honor.
SettingSetting
Maycomb, Alabama Maycomb, Alabama (fictional city)(fictional city)
1933-19351933-1935 Effects of the Effects of the
DepressionDepression Small town valuesSmall town values RacismRacism
PlotPlot
Conflict – Humanity vs. SocietyConflict – Humanity vs. Society
ThemesThemes
Racial PrejudiceRacial Prejudice Social SnobberySocial Snobbery MoralityMorality ToleranceTolerance PatiencePatience EqualityEquality The Need for CompassionThe Need for Compassion The Need for ConscienceThe Need for Conscience
StructureStructure
Part I – The children’s efforts to lure Boo Part I – The children’s efforts to lure Boo Radley, the neighborhood loner, into Radley, the neighborhood loner, into society.society.
Part II – Atticus’s failure to acquit Tom Part II – Atticus’s failure to acquit Tom RobinsonRobinson
SymbolismSymbolism
The mockingbird – at least four times
Symbolizes– harmless, gentle people who are destroyed for no reason.
NarratorNarrator
A grown Scout reflecting back to three A grown Scout reflecting back to three years of her childhood and the effect of years of her childhood and the effect of those events on her family. those events on her family.
11stst person limited person limited
Jean Louis Finch – “Scout”Jean Louis Finch – “Scout” The story’s narratorThe story’s narrator Scout looks back at her Scout looks back at her
childhood as an adult childhood as an adult Tells of the momentous Tells of the momentous
events and influential events and influential people of her people of her childhood.childhood.
Scout is six when the Scout is six when the story begins.story begins.
She is naturally curious She is naturally curious about life.about life.
Scout’s Character TraitsScout’s Character Traits
TomboyTomboy ImpulsiveImpulsive EmotionalEmotional Warm & FriendlyWarm & Friendly SensitiveSensitive AdorableAdorable Gains in Maturity throughout the NovelGains in Maturity throughout the Novel
Atticus FinchAtticus Finch
Father of Scout and Father of Scout and JemJem
A widowerA widower An attorneyAn attorney Highly respectedHighly respected Instills good values Instills good values
and morals in his and morals in his children.children.
His children call him His children call him “Atticus”“Atticus”
HonestHonest Typical southern Typical southern
gentlemangentleman BraveBrave CourteousCourteous Soft-spokenSoft-spoken
Jem FinchJem Finch
Scout’s older brother
Looks up to his father Atticus
Usually looks out for Scout
Typical older brother at times
Smart
Compassionate
Matures as the story progresses
CalpurniaCalpurnia
The Finch’s black The Finch’s black housekeeperhousekeeper
Has watched the children Has watched the children since their mother’s deathsince their mother’s death
Has been a positive Has been a positive influence on the children.influence on the children.
Arthur “Boo” RadleyArthur “Boo” Radley
An adult man, whose father has “sentenced” him An adult man, whose father has “sentenced” him to a lifetime confinement to their house because of to a lifetime confinement to their house because of some mischief he got into when he was a some mischief he got into when he was a teenager.teenager.
Has a reputation of being a lunaticHas a reputation of being a lunatic Basically a harmless, well-meaning personBasically a harmless, well-meaning person Sometimes childlike in behaviorSometimes childlike in behavior Starving for love and affectionStarving for love and affection Saves Jem and Scout from certain dangerSaves Jem and Scout from certain danger
Tom RobinsonTom Robinson
A young, harmless, A young, harmless, innocent, hardworking innocent, hardworking black manblack man
Has a crippled left Has a crippled left handhand
Married with three Married with three children. children.
Works on a farm Works on a farm belonging to Mr. Link belonging to Mr. Link Deas, a white manDeas, a white man
Will be falsely accused Will be falsely accused of raping a white girl, of raping a white girl, Mayella EwellMayella Ewell
DillDill
A close friend of Jem A close friend of Jem and Scoutand Scout
Usually lives in Usually lives in Maycomb only during Maycomb only during the summer (stays the summer (stays with a relative)with a relative)
Tells “big stories”Tells “big stories” Has been deprived of Has been deprived of
love and affectionlove and affection
Two Poor White Families:Two Poor White Families:The Cunninghams The EwellsThe Cunninghams The Ewells
Poor white familyPoor white family Hard-workingHard-working HonestHonest ProudProud Survive on very littleSurvive on very little Always pay back their Always pay back their
debts – even with debts – even with “items” around the “items” around the house.house.
Poor white trashPoor white trash DirtyDirty LazyLazy Never done a day’s Never done a day’s
workwork Foul-mouthedFoul-mouthed DishonestDishonest ImmoralImmoral
The Black CommunityThe Black Community
SimpleSimple HonestHonest CleanClean Hard-workingHard-working God fearingGod fearing ProudProud Would never take Would never take
anything without anything without paying it backpaying it back
UneducatedUneducated Discriminated Discriminated
againstagainst Talked about Talked about
badlybadly Deserve better Deserve better
than what is than what is dished out to them dished out to them by societyby society
RespectfulRespectful
LanguageLanguage Sometimes the language of Scout will be that of her as a Sometimes the language of Scout will be that of her as a
child; other times, she will be speaking in the voice of an child; other times, she will be speaking in the voice of an adultadult
Atticus uses formal speechAtticus uses formal speech Calpurnia uses “white language” in the Finch house and Calpurnia uses “white language” in the Finch house and
switches to “black jargon” when amidst blacksswitches to “black jargon” when amidst blacks The Ewells use foul words and obscenitiesThe Ewells use foul words and obscenities Jem, Scout, and Dill will use slang words, typical of their Jem, Scout, and Dill will use slang words, typical of their
ageage Tom Robinson uses language typical of the southern Tom Robinson uses language typical of the southern
black such as “suh” for “sir” and “chillun” for “children”black such as “suh” for “sir” and “chillun” for “children” Various derogatory terms for blacks – Lee uses such Various derogatory terms for blacks – Lee uses such
language to keep her novel naturally in sync with language to keep her novel naturally in sync with common language of the timescommon language of the times
ToneTone
SomberSomberSeriousSeriousHumorous (at times)Humorous (at times)
Morphine: A Southern Lady’s DrugMorphine: A Southern Lady’s Drug 1930s Typical 1930s Typical
Morphine Addict:Morphine Addict: White femaleWhite female Middle-aged or olderMiddle-aged or older WidowedWidowed HomeboundHomebound Lives in the southLives in the south Property ownerProperty owner Began using morphine Began using morphine
for medical reasons for medical reasons (pain relief)(pain relief)
In “To Kill a Mockingbird,” the In “To Kill a Mockingbird,” the Finch children will become Finch children will become acquainted with a morphine addict acquainted with a morphine addict named Mrs. Dubose. Although named Mrs. Dubose. Although only a fictitious character, she only a fictitious character, she personifies the American personifies the American morphine addict of the late morphine addict of the late nineteenth and early twentieth nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.centuries.