TNO DIANA BV

TNO DIANAA TNO Company

S O F T WA R E D E V E L O P E R S & A N A LY S I S C O N S U LTA N T S

TNO DIANA BV was established in 2003 as a spin-off company from the Computational Mechanics department of TNO Building and Construction Research Institute in Delft, The Netherlands. Building on over 30 years of research and experience, the company provides world-class software products and services in the field of finite element solutions dedicated to civil, geotechnical, earthquake, and petroleum engineering.

DIANA, our flagship software, is world renowned as the finest in its class as an “all in one” solution for Finite Element Analysis within the civil engineering community. Our team of highly skilled and experienced civil and geotechnical engineers, scientists, software developers and architects work to develop and deliver innovative software and value-added services including technical support, training, analysis consultancy and R&D projects.

Mission

• To continue to develop and distribute innova-tive software to satisfy the fast-growing and challenging need for reliable, realistic and user-friendly Finite Element analysis and design software.

• To provide added-value services to our clients to enable them to get the most out of our software.

Over 30 Years of Innovation

The development of the DIANA (DIsplacement ANAlyzer) program goes back to the late 70’s and already in the early 80’s first customers started to work with the software on a commercial basis. DIANA was defined as a general purpose 3-dimensional nonlinear program from the start. In the first 10 years, in cooperation with TNO research departments and external partners there was a strong focus on nonlinear analysis of failure of reinforced concrete structures. In the early nineties, the customer base expanded rapidly, especially in Japan, and development focus extended to geotechnical, oil and gas, and earthquake engineering applications.

In those years, computer power and ease-of use became important and the DIANA analysis program was integrated with the FEMGV pre-post-processor, which was customised as iDIANA. At the same time, fit-for-purpose applications were developed for customers in the oil & gas industry. DIANA was one of the first commercial programs that were fully prepared to use 64-bits operation. At the start of the new millennium, TNO DIANA BV was established and all development activities of DIANA and FEMGV (including marketing and sales), were transferred to this company.

In this period, parallel processing functions were introduced to keep pace with the growing size of computed models and need for more efficient and cost-effective analysis. Many specific material and element types were developed for specific applications in the general DIANA framework. The architecture of the solver functionality is evaluated continuously with

About Us

“I have used DIANA since 1991 as a graduate student at Cornell University. I made sure to adopt DIANA as the main computing engine for most of my projects when I joined the Faculty at UC-Berkeley in 1997 until now and for the foresee-able future.”

Professor Khalid Mosalam - Vice Chair, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley

TNO DIANA BV

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There are various reasons why our customers identify computational modelling and analysis as part of their strategy:

• Competitive advantage from accurate pre-dictions of strength and failure in design of structures and ground

• Development and validation of new techniques and construction procedures

• Risk assessment

• Scientific developments

The DIANA program, being an “all-in-one” solution, offers an abundance of material

models, element-types, solution procedures, modelling and meshing procedures and visualisation options, for all possible applica-tions in civil and geotechnical engineering. TNO DIANA BV can make the DIANA program available to you, so that you can develop and analyse your own models; we will advise our customers how to make optimum use of DIANA for their specific problems; we can carry out consultancy jobs and we can deliver customised versions of DIANA as a stand-alone product or as a non-linear solver in partner-products.

The potential advantage from advanced computational modelling and analysis is increasing with hardware becoming more powerful and more engineers being trained in this field of technology.

TNO DIANA’s development team makes sure that the DIANA program makes use of new hardware and software platforms whilst we maintain the existing functionality and continuously develop the program. Therefore, our customers can be confident that their DIANA models can be used efficiently in the future.

Our Philosophy

new hardware and software capabilities. In 2007, Midas FX was introduced as a second pre-/post-processor for DIANA with state-of-the-art modelling, meshing and visualisation capabilities. The adaptation of this pre-/post-processor made it possible for the DIANA developers to concentrate on their strength: making DIANA nonlinear analysis capabilities stronger. In 2010, TNO DIANA moved to its own standalone purpose designed office in Delft.

“Most of worldwide famous FEM programs are not Civil Engineering orientated. For this reason we have introduced DIANA in our company more than 10 years ago. Since then we have been using DIANA success-fully for Concrete Structures, Under-ground Tanks and Soil Analyses.”

Mr M Nakayama, Dr T Iizuka, Taisei Corporation

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1972 TNO Department of Computational Mechanics formed1979 beginning of DIANA (DIsplacement ANAlyzer) development as a service1983 firstcommercialDIANAuserintheNetherlands1984 foundation of DIANA Users’ Association1984 firstcommercialsaleofDIANAinJapan1990 partnership set up with JIP Techno Services in Japan1994 liquefaction project in Japan1997 merger made with FemSys Ltd in the UK to enhance the DIANA pre/post processing capability1998 Geomec development project with Shell International Exploration & Production2000 Well-Life development project with Halliburton2002 Fempal development project with EU store-rack manufacturing companies2003 establishment of TNO DIANA BV as a subsidiary of TNO2004 openingofUSoffice-TNODIANANorthAmericainc.2004 release of DIANA 92005 partnership with midas IT established2006 joint development with midas of midas FX+ for DIANA2006 release of DIANA 9.2 with new “state-of-the-art” pre-post-processor FX+ for DIANA2007 development of “Hybrid Frequency-Time Domain Analysis” module with Stucky Ltd2008 opening of UK office - TNO DIANA UK Ltd 2009 joint development with midas IT of midasGTS2010 release of midasGTS with DIANA solver “inside” for nonlinear analysis2010 release of DIANA 9.4 with among others bond-slip reinforcements, parallel iterative solver and design checking features2010 movetoownstandalonepurposedesignedofficeinDelft,TheNetherlands2011 release of DIANA 9.4.42012 ongoing development of DIANA

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DIANA Time Line

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Standard finite element packages can solve only a limited range of conventional engineering problems. Non-conventional engineering problems require advanced modelling and analysis functionality. Examples are: analysis of big structures such as dams; complex nonlinear material behaviour; stresses induced from extreme loading conditions such as fire, earthquake, explosions, etc; complex models where the structure interacts with soil/fluid. DIANA, with it’s extensive library of material models and analysis capabilities, offers a solution to those types of analyses in one package next to conven-tional engineering problems.

The open structure of DIANA allows the user to fully control all analysis phases. User defined material models can also be defined.

As a result of the continuous collaboration with the most prominent universities and research institu-tions worldwide, DIANA provides the most up-to-date and high standard solution in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures, of soil, and of soil-structure-fluid interaction.

Behind DIANA is a team of expert engineers who provide technical support and offer customised

Why DIANA? assistance to companies in preparing the model for analysis, or analysis of the model and the interpretation of results.

The DIANA program is designed to solve various problems: civil, geotechnical, earthquake and oil & gas engineering.

In today’s challenging business environment, implementing FEA analysis at an early stage allows engineers to design cost effectively. In this case, DIANA is a perfect tool - where the most complex design challenges can be met. With the software’s wide ranging capability and reliability, DIANA provides strong/in-depth simulation solutions for civil, geotechnical and geomechanical engineering. Its open structure and rich library of materials, element types and functionality allows for a broad range of engineering disciplines.

“We have experienced DIANA as a powerful and complete solution for simple to complex linear and nonlinear engineering problems. The ability to implement for example User Supplied Subroutines make DIANA a perfect fit for our needs.”

Dr A. Vervuurt, Senior Researcher and Ir. H Burggraff, Researcher, TNO Built Environment and Geosciences

DIANA Finite Element Analysis

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Geotechnical applications, and the interaction between the ground and structure, often provide engineers with technically demanding chal-lenges that are best solved with DIANA. The program provides a wide range of state-of-the art constitutive models for tackling soil and rock materials in applications as diverse as foundations, embankments, tunnels, excavations, slope stability, mines, and dams.

The analysis capabilities for pore pressure and consolidation, groundwater flow, earthquake and liquefaction problems are some of the most advanced available and are essential for accurate analysis of these types of coupled problems.

DIANA also offers advanced features to model steel and reinforced concrete structures that interact with the ground.

Geotechnical Solutions

Since the 1980s, DIANA has been used by research organisations worldwide as numerical platform for implementation of material models describing failure in reinforced concrete structures. DIANA continued to build on its reputation as leading software for crack analysis and, in the 1990s, further development was made to the framework to expand the software to encompass analysis of 3D reinforced concrete structures.

Modelling of damage initiation and propagation until structural failure can be carried out accurately in DIANA by realistically modelling the geometry and the material behaviour of concrete, the reinforcements individually and their interconnection.

Furthermore, the wide range of analysis function-alities allows modelling of the structure from its construction, through its service life and until failure.

Solutions for Reinforced Concrete

DIANA Solutions

6Analysis of a section of a high rise building 3D Raft Piles of a multi-storey building

DIANA can be utilised, not only in the prediction of tunnel induced settlement or lining stress analysis, but also the tunnel’s reaction in the event of a fire, explosion or even a seismic event.

With increasing congestion in modern cities we are turning even more to underground transportation systems. This often means tunnelling under existing structures. The complex interaction between the tunnel and its associated shafts and structures, can be assessed with the use of both 2D and 3D models within DIANA.

The analysis of existing and new build tunnel linings under the effect of events caused by structural damage, freezing, fire, flood, or earthquake are critical to the safety and longevity of the tunnel. With DIANA, a model of the tunnel segments and joints, along with the soil and grout pressures upon it; and potential factors listed above can be analysed to show intrinsic possible deformations.

Solutions for Tunnelling & Underground Structures

The analysis of dams and dikes is one of the original core specialities of DIANA. Since its initial use in the Netherlands for the analysis of existing and planned dams and dikes, its use has expanded world-wide.

This has been as the result of the many types of specialised analyses such as fluid-structure interaction, soil-structure interaction and phased (staged) construction.

The extensive library of material models and the ability to carry out multiple analyses in one command sequence has pushed DIANA to the top of its field in dam analysis.

Solutions for Dams & Dikes

Massive castings of concrete can result in premature cracking of the structure prior to its service life. Choice of the mix, of time and sequence of casting can help to reduce or preclude any cracking. In some cases, cooling techniques can also be used.

Young hardening concrete behaviour is also relevant in case of casting on a pre-existing structure, both in case of enlargement of the structure, or reparation. After completion, it is also possible to carry out further analyses simulating events which may take place during the life of the structure, highlighting any deficiencies during construction, which may cause damage or reduce performance of the structure.

DIANA offers wide range of young hardening concrete models and the possibility to predict cracking with linear or more detailed nonlinear analysis.

Solutions for Young Hardening Concrete

73D supported excavation near a tunnel A range of analyses undertaken on a Dam Buttress Phased construction of an arch dam

During fire, thermal strains develop within the structure, these add to strains from mechanical loading, shrinkage and creep. Materials also undergo thermal degradation of their mechani-cal properties, this may result in damage to the structure: cracking in concrete and plastification in steel.

DIANA offers all of the necessary analysis func-tionality to assess structural behaviour under fire. These analyses are also able to take into account pre-existing structural damage.

Solutions for Structural Fire Analysis

The analysis of a historical construction is more complex than analysis of newly constructed structures. There is uncertainty upon the materials from which they are built, on the construction sequence, and on the events that have occurred during the lifetime of the structure. If strengthening, restoration or any other intervention is required, this should be not visible to the visitors’ eyes.

Thus, the analysis of historical constructions requires different and more distinguished tools than in case of new constructions. Historical construc-tions are often masonry constructions. DIANA is a unique program that provides the possibility to analyse masonry structures in detail or as a whole, under standard or extreme loading.

Solutions for Masonry & Historical Constructions

Earthquake Engineering Solutions

With their enormous power, earthquakes can cause substantial disaster to densely populated areas. Often the earthquake is accompanied by water impact loadings resulting from tsunami, collapse of neighboring structures, liquefaction of ground, or fire.

DIANA offers both simple linear and dynamic analyses which can be utilised in the design of new structures. However, it can also be used to predict how an existing building will react using full nonlinear dynamic analyses to take into account loading histories.

8Structural nonlinear staged analysis of a gas explosion in a tunnel Earthquake analysis of a high rise building Discrete masonry modelling

Element types• Truss• Timoshenko, Bernoulli, and Mindlin beam• Plane stress and plane strain• Complete/general plane strain• Axisymmetric• Plate bending, flat, curved and layered shells• Solid, composed, interface and contact• Discrete spring/dashpot• Base spring and bounding• Point mass/damping• Embedded reinforcements• Flow• Embedded pile• Boundary surface

Preprocessing• CAD like geometry modelling functionality• Advanced selection methods• Advanced geometry modelling• Boolean operation for solid modelling• Geometry check and repair tools• Practical mouse snapping• Auto-, map- and protrude-mesh methods• Mesh manipulation and check functionality• Loads and boundaries applicable both on

geometry or mesh• Function based definition of loads and boundary

conditions• MS-Excel compatible tables

General Functionality

Postprocessing• Contour and vector plots• Iso-surface, slice, clipping and partition plot• Diagram and vector plot• Results extraction to MS-Excel compatible table• Screen-shots in different picture formats• Animation

Solution procedures • Automatic solver selection• Out-of-core direct equation solvers• Iterative equation solvers• Automatic substructuring• Eigenvalue analysis• Newton-Raphson, Quasi-Newton, Linear and

Constant stiffness iterative procedures• Load and displacement control incremental

procedures• Arc length control incremental procedure• Adaptive load and time increments (auto load

step option)• Automatic incremental loading• Direct and Iterative solvers with Parallel pro-

cessing• Updated and total Lagrange geometrical

nonlinear formulation

Production of Oil and Gas shifts from easily accessible reservoirs to those which are located at greater depths, or in formations with complex geological history. These come with larger risks and hazards.

Geo-mechanical analysis of Oil & Gas reservoirs or wellbores is one of the specialties of DIANA.

DIANA will help to quantify rock-compaction, stress changes, fault slipping in reservoirs, overburden and surface subsidence as result of, and related to production of oil and/or gas. DIANA can also be used on wellbore scale to quantify rock failure, casing deformations and cementing integrity during well completion, or operational conditions such as pressure, or temperature shocks, or fault sliding.

Solutions for Oil & Gas

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The support team at TNO DIANA have an extensive knowledge of DIANA and a passion to grow with the software and pass on their knowledge and expertise to our valued users.

Users can choose to take up our offer of annual maintenance contracts covering support and upgrades. These users, not only benefit from the support of our team by

• email

• telephone

• webinar

but can often find help from other users at our website users forum.

Next to our technical support and maintenance program. DIANA comes with a thorough manual including an examples volume covering a wide variety of the DIANA applications and a “getting started” guide.

Support

The GEO5 suite of analytical programs is designed to solve various geotechnical problems. The easy-to-use suite consists of individual programs with a unified user friendly interface. Each program is used to analyse a different geotechnical task but all modules communicate with each other to form an integrated suite. This product has been developed by our partner, Fine in the Czech Republic and is available via TNO DIANA BV to customers in the Benelux.

GEO 5

FemPal is a dedicated application for the analysis of stability and design checks of pallet racking systems. Geo-metrical nonlinear analysis is performed, and design checks on members and connections are applied according to Eurocode.

This program has been developed in close co-operation with Dutch pallet racking system manufacturers.

FemPal

FemGV

A powerful yet flexible general purpose pre- and post-processor for FEA and CFD analysis software.

Interfaces available for a wide range of solvers and CAD- programs with the additional ability to run under Linux or UNIX.

ServicesOther Products

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TNO DIANA offer a wide range of training opportunities from “A General Introduction to DIANA”, in-depth courses on specific subjects at our office here in Delft to on-site training for new, existing and potential customers.

Our courses consist of a balanced mixture of lectures, instruction and hands-on tutorials and are often followed with a “workshop” where existing or new users can, for example, bring along their own existing projects and work with our experts to identify best practice to model and analyse them. Our courses are aimed at practising engineers or academics who wish to learn more about finite element analysis techniques available in DIANA.

Next to a series of in-house and on-site training

Training sessions, TNO DIANA also offers online training sessions, on regular basis, to introduce the latest finite element techniques that have been implemented in DIANA. These online training sessions are open to the public and usually no registration fee is required. The aim of these online sessions is to present DIANA solutions for all types of civil engineering applications to those who are interested in finite element analysis methods in conjunction with enhancing their analysis and design procedure to the next level. These online training sessions could be followed on the go as well using a designated APP for Apple and android devices.

Analysis Consultancy

With such a wealth of experienced engineers at TNO DIANA, how can we not make ourselves available to customers if they do not have the

necessary time in-house or skills to carry out an analysis.

TNO DIANA offers to carry out analysis consultancy on behalf of their clients, or other parties, which includes the analysis with DIANA and the interpretation of results.

Specialised Software Development and Integration of In-house & Partner SoftwareIn the past we have had a number of clients approach us with the phrase “if only DIANA could...”. We always take these comments seriously and often leads to new functionality being added to DIANA.

However, occassionally a request will come from a client for a very specialist functionality to be added. This has resulted in a number of “one-off” pieces of software being designed for those customers.

We also are open to working with clients to integrate DIANA into their existing in-house software.

When you need a little extra help...

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TNO DIANAA TNO Company

TNO DIANA BVDelftechpark 19a2628 XJ Delft The Netherlands + 31 (0) 88 34262 00 (T) + 31 (0) 88 34262 99 (F) (Headquarters)

http://tnodiana.com