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Training NeedAssessmentData-gathering Methods:

Part 1, Survey Questionnaires~Samuel B. McClelland

Presented by

Aakanksha Vats

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Research & Data gathering

methods

Survey Questionnaires

Individual Interviews

Focus Groups

On site observations

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Survey Quest ionnaires

O comprehensive and systematic approach to identify and

analyse an organization's training and development

needs

O cost-effective and reliablemeans to collect feedback

O Feedback can be qualitativeor quantitative

O Data collected can be both subjective and objective

O Proper structure for a questionnaire is a critical factor in

determining & obtaining unbiased feedback

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O Addresses large population & people need not to be

physically present (different locations) making it cost

effective.

O Non-intrusive means for gathering feedback, because

respondents can fill the data as per their convenience.

O Biasing is minimized.

O Time saver, simplicity positively affects the rate of return

and increase the response accuracy

Survey Quest ionnaires:

Advantages

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SurveyQuestionnaires

Standardized Custom-designed(original)

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Standardized

questionnairesO available through a number of training organizations

and consultants.

O standardized questionnaires types:

O employee opinion surveys,

O organizational climate and culture surveys,

O training needs surveys,

O "one-size-fits-all" approach

O

Advantages:O reliability, consistently measures that which it has been

designed to measure,

O validity, produces consistency in results across a broadspectrum of applications

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Custom based questionnaires

O Determines the training needs of a

particular group of managers or

employees

O Design and testing needs attention so that

validity, with regards to structure, usage,

and grading (tabulation) can beestablished and validated

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Probable training needsO To identify the current needs or the

potential ones.

O May range from identifying the skills orknowledge deficiencies occurred due to

strategic change in organizational

structure, market or operations.

O

Addressing TNA goals: Grounded theoryO End result: Formulation of questionnaire

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Questionnaire Response

Format

Types offormat

Close endedor Forced

choice

Open ended

Combination

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Choosing the questionnaire

formatO Examples of closed-ended or forced-choice types of

question are:

O Yes/No

O True/false

O Rating

O Ranking (Often combined with open ended)

O Multiple choice

O

response must be mutually exclusive of the so as not tocause an overlap in the choice or the mentalconsideration patterns of the respondent.

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O Open ended:

O elicit feedback from participants byrequiring them to formulate a response by

making a statement.

O Disadvantage: highly subjective to the

respondent's interpretation of the questionand require time to comprehend and reach

to conclusion.

Choosing the questionnaireformat

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A pre-test framework for

validity and reliabilityO Questions should be clear, direct and in concise

manner

O Questions should focus on a singular subjectrequiring an individual to provide a single response

O Response options should be limited and focused

on the subject presented in the question

O questionnaire should be subjected for proofread toavoid typographical errors, vague or misleading

statements, and neutral phrasing

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Cross-tabulation of resultsO Understanding of emerging patterns &

trends to identify & interpret the results.

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Final report structure:

First page: information summarizing the project (e.g. objectivesor goals, and number of respondents) and aggregate analysis ofthe data.

In-depth review

Recommendations from the data should be specific with regardto training as well as non-training-related activities

Eg: open-ended questions: should be summarized in a separatesection in the report.

specific training recommendations: projected durations and costestimates.

Cross-tabulation tables or any statistical inferences should beincluded at the end of the report as an appendix.

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"E-mail": A Survey

Questionnaire VariationO Costs of duplicating a number of paper

survey questionnaires are totally

eliminated.O Distribution time greatly reduced as the E-

mail system routes the survey

electronically.

O

response times and rates increasebecause of the ease of distribution &

response.

O Disadvantage: confidentiality or anonymity

of response.

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Summary and

RecommendationsO TNA survey questionnaire, valuable tool for

obtaining consistent and relevant feedback

O valuable insight for identifying organizationalperformance and productivity inhibitors

O flexible and results-oriented method whichidentifies the organization's training anddevelopment needs.

O Used in conjunction with other data gatheringmethods for assessing present as well asfuture skills requirements

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