TMA GSM BTS Maintenance Guide(02)
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TMA
GSM BTSMaintenance Guide
Issue 02
Date 2013-02-08
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Issue 02 (2013-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
i
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2013. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees orrepresentations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: [email protected]
http://www.huawei.com/http://www.huawei.com/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.huawei.com/ -
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GSM BTS Maintenance Guide About This Document
Issue 02 (2013-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
ii
About This Document
Overview
TMA (Tower Mounted Amplifier) currently can be divided into DTMA (Dual Tower MountedAmplifier) and MTMA (Multiband Tower Mounted Amplifier). This document describes thesymptoms, causes, and troubleshooting methods of common faults in Huawei TMAs. It
provides guidance for field engineers in rectifying the cause of a fault.
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
Technical support personnel
Maintenance personnel
Change History02 (2013-02-08)
It is the second official release. Compared with the initial release, Modify the product
description and add that this document can be applicable to the DTMA and MTMA.
01 (2011-12-26)
It is initial release.
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DTMA
GSM BTS Maintenance Guide Contents
Issue 02 (2013-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
iii
Contents
About This Document .................................................................................................................... ii
1 General Safety Information ........................................................................................................ 1
2 Maintenance Preparations ........................................................................................................... 3
3 Operation and Maintenance ....................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Troubleshooting ................................................................... ................................................................. ............ 4
3.1.1 TMA Scanning Failure .......................................................... .................................................................. 4
3.1.2 ALD Link Disconnection ................................................................ ........................................................ 5
3.2 Clearing Alarms ...................................................... .................................................................. ....................... 6
3.2.1 TMA Maintenance Link Failure ................................................................. ............................................. 6
3.2.2 TMA Hardware Fault Major Alarm ............................................................................................ ............ 8
3.2.3 TMA Hardware Fault Minor Alarm ...................................................................... ................................ 10
3.2.4 RF Unit TMA Current out of Range Alarm .......................................................... ................................ 11
3.3 Abnormality Operation ................................................................... ................................................................ 13
3.4 Device Replacement ............................................................ ................................................................. .......... 14
A Appendix ..................................................................................................................................... 16
A.1 Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................. ................................................................. .......... 16
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GSM BTS Maintenance Guide 1 General Safety Information
Issue 02 (2013-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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1 General Safety InformationThe precautions described in this chapter should be followed when you select the measuring
and testing equipment for installing, operating and maintaining Huawei products andequipment.
Safety Precautions
For the safety of personnel and equipment, comply with the symbols on the equipment and
the safety instructions in this document when installing, operating, and maintaining Huawei
products and equipment.
Indications such as Caution, Warning, and Danger in this document are supplementary
information. They do not contain all the safety precautions for operations.
Local Regulations and Standards
Comply with local safety regulations during the operations. Safety precautions described in
this document are only supplementary to local safety regulations.
General Requirements for Installation
Before installing and maintaining Huawei products, the associated engineers should be trained
in proper operation methods and safety precautions.
Only the qualified engineers are allowed to install, operate, and maintain Huawei
products and equipment. Only the qualified engineers can remove safety devices and maintain the devices.
,
The operation and maintenance personnel should timely report the faults or errors thatmay endanger the safety to the person in charge.
Grounding Requirements
The following requirements are specific to the equipment to be grounded:
Never install the equipment before it is properly grounded. Do not disconnect the ground
cable before the equipment is removed.
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Never damage the ground conductor.
Never operate the equipment before the ground conductor is installed.
The equipment must be grounded permanently. Before operating the equipment, checkthe electrical connection of the equipment to ensure that the equipment is securely
grounded.
Personal Safety Never operate the equipment or touch the cables in the case of a thunderstorm.
Remove the AC power connector in case of a thunderstorm. Do not use the fixedterminal, or touch the terminal or the antenna connector in such weather conditions.
To avoid electric shocks, never connect the safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuit to thetelephone-network voltage (TNV) circuit.
Never look at the optical port directly with naked eyes to prevent laser from injuringyour eyes.
Before operating the equipment, wear ESD clothes, ESD gloves, and ESD wrist strap.
Remove conductive objects such as jewelry and watches to avoid electric shocks orburns.
In case of fire, immediately leave the building or the equipment room. Ring the firealarm bell or make an emergency call. Never enter the building on fire.
Equipment Safety Before operation, ensure that the equipment is firmly anchored to the floor or other solid
objects, such as a wall or an installation rack.
Never block the air vent when the system is running.
When installing a front panel, use tools to tighten the screws.
After the installation, remove the packing materials from the equipment area.
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GSM BTS Maintenance Guide 2 Maintenance Preparations
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2 Maintenance PreparationsBefore performing maintenance, you need to know sites well and ensure the maintenancetools are available.
Before configuring, checking, debugging, and maintaining the TMA, maintenance engineers
and technical support should ensure that the tools described inTable 2-1 are available.
Table 2-1List of maintenance tools
Tool Exterior Function
Flat-head screwdriver
(150mm x 6mm)
Fastens and removes screws.
Adjustable wrench
(300 mm x 36 mm)
Fastens or loosens the
hexagon or square bolts/nutsof a proper size. Theopening width of the wrenchis adjustable.
Black PVC insulation tape Insulates the RF connector
of the TMA.
Waterproof tape Waterproofs the RFconnector of the TMA.
Gloves Protect hands.
Safety belt Protects the personnel
working on the tower.
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3 Operation and Maintenance3.1 Troubleshooting
This chapter describes the symptoms and troubleshooting methods of the following problems:TMA scanning failure, and the ALD link disconnection alarm.
3.1.1 TMA Scanning Failure
Context
The running TMA cannot be scanned. For the symptom, seeTable 3-1.
Table 3-1Symptoms
Symptom Impact on theSystem
Severity Cause
One or more TMAs
cannot be scannedthe whole time.
The TMAs
connected to themain site cannot beidentified, and then
cannot be configuredand managed.
Major A TMA is not installed inthe related sector.
TMA hardware is not
installed properly. Forexample, TMA ANT portsand BTS ports are
reversely connected;
feeders and jumpers areloosely connected; feeder
and jumper connectors aredamaged.
A TMA is faulty.
The power supply switch
of the TMA is not turnedon.
The BTS equipment isfaulty.
Some communication linksare faulty.
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Procedure
Step 1 Run DSP BTSBRDand LST BTSRXUBP, and check the returned information, including thecurrent of the TMA, status of the ALD power supply switch, and parameter settings.
If the current is normal, the power supply switch is turned on, and parameters areconfigured correctly, go to step 2.
Otherwise, run SET BTSRXUBPto turn on the power supply switch, correctly setrelated parameters, and then go to step 2.
Step 2 Run STR BTSALDSCANand check the returned information.
If the TMA is scanned, the procedure ends.
Otherwise, go to step 3.
Step 3 Exchange jumpers with the closest normal sector, scan the TMA again, and check the result.
If an exception is still found in the original sector, the MAFU, RFU, or RRU of the
sector is faulty. If the TMA is scanned after the faulty MAFU, RFU, or RRU is replacedwith a new one, the procedure ends. Otherwise, go to step 4.
If an exception is found in the closest normal sector, the TMA is faulty and needs to bereplaced. In this case, go to step 5.
Step 4 Check the connection of TMA hardware.
If the connection is correct, go to step 6.
Otherwise, reconnect TMA hardware and then go to step 1.
Step 5 Replace the TMA that cannot be scanned. For details, see3.4 Device Replacement.
Step 6 Run STR BTSALDSCANand check the returned information.
If all TMAs are scanned, the procedure ends.
If some TMAs still cannot be scanned, contact Huawei technical support personnel.
3.1.2 ALD Link Disconnection
Context
The alarm ALD Link Disconnection is generated when a TMA is added. For the symptom of
this alarm, seeTable 3-2.
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Table 3-2Symptoms
Symptom Impact on theSystem
Severity Cause
1. After a TMA isadded, the alarmTMA MaintenanceLink Failure l is
generated on theLMT alarm window.
2. After other MML
commands are run,the ALD LinkDisconnection alarmis generated.
The communicationlink is not set up. Inthis case, the mainbase station cannot
interact with the
standby base station.Therefore, the mainbase station cannotmanage the TMA.
Major
A TMA cannot be scanned.An error of the vendor
code or serial number
occurs after the ADD ALDcommand is run.
The base station sends thescanning command frame
in which the vendor code
and serial number arearranged in the reverseorder. After handling the
frame, the TMA regards
that the frame fails to meetthe requirements, andmakes no response. In thiscase, the base station
regards thatcommunication is faulty.
Procedure
Step 1 Run STR BTSALDSCANand check the returned information.
If the TMA is scanned, the procedure ends.
Otherwise, go to 3.1.1 TMA Scanning Failure.
Step 2 Run RMV BTSTMAto delete the TMA.
Step 3 Run ADD BTSTMAto add the TMA.
Step 4 For any exception, contact Huawei technical support personnel.
3.2 Clearing Alarms
This section describes how to clear the alarms TMA Maintenance Link Failure, TMA Fault
and RF Unit TMA Current Out of Range Alarm which are generated during TMA application.These alarms can be classified into major alarms and minor alarms.
3.2.1 TMA Maintenance Link Failure
Context
When the TMA is running, the base station regularly detects the status of the AISG link
between the TMA and the base station. If an error occurs on the AISG link, the TMA
Maintenance Link Failure alarm is generated. For the symptom of this alarm, seeTable 3-3.
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Table 3-3Symptoms
Symptom Impact on theSystem
Severity Cause
The TMACommunicationAbnormal alarm isgenerated during
the operation and
maintenance of theTMA.
The TMA cannotbe configured andthe TMA workingmode and gaincannot be queried.
Major
Extra TMAs are configured.The TMA is not installed.
In the unconventionalinstallation scenario, the
vendor code and serial numberof the TMA is not configuredor is configured incorrectly.
The TMA is faulty.
The Power Supply Switchofthe base station is set to OFF.
The cable between the base
station and the TMA is notproperly connected.
The serial number of theadded subunit is incorrect.
The base station is faulty.
When base station resetting,MTMA supporting AISG 1.1link failure.
For the details of the TMA Maintenance Link Failure alarm, seeFigure 3-1.
Figure 3-1TMA Maintenance Link Failure
Procedure
Step 1 Run LST BTSTMA, check whether the TMA is correctly configured.
If yes, go to Step 2.
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If no, go to Step 3.
Step 2 Run DSP BTSBRD, check whether the power switch is turned on.
If yes, go to Step 5.
If no, go to Step 4.
Step 3 Run STR BTSALDSCAN, modify the configuration information according to scannedresult
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If no, go to Step 5.
Step 4 Run SET BTSRXUBP to turn on the power switches.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If no, go to Step 5.
Step 5 Check whether the TMA is MTMA which supports AISG 1.1, and whether the BTS has donea reset operation.
If yes, go to Step 6
If no, contact Huawei technical support personnel.
Step 6 Run RMV BTSTMAto delete the TMA, run ADD BTSTMAto add the TMA again, andcheck whether the alarm is cleared.
If yes, the procedure ends.
If no, contact Huawei technical support personnel..
3.2.2 TMA Hardware Fault Major AlarmContext
In application, the TMA continuously detects the current of the low noise amplifier (LNA). If
a severity fault occurring to the LNA, the LNA is switched to BYPASSmode, and the TMAreports a major alarm to the base station by the Antenna Interface Standards Group (AISG)
protocol. For the symptom of this major alarm, seeTable 3-4.
Table 3-4Symptoms
Symptom Impact on the
System
Severity Cause
The alarm TMA
Hardware Fault is
generated during theTMA operation andmaintenance. The
main base station
determines whetherto clear this alarmaccording to the
actual linkrequirements.
When this alarm is
generated, the LNA
is not running andthe TMAautomatically
switches to the
BYPASS mode.Therefore, thecommunication link
of the TMA is notaffected.
Major The LNA is
unavailable due to a
major faultoccurring to theLNA.
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For the alarm TMA Hardware Fault, seeFigure 3-2.
Figure 3-2TMA Hardware Fault Major alarm
Procedure
Step 1 Run RST BTSALDand check whether the alarm is cleared in the alarm window in fiveminutes.
If yes, the procedure ends.
If no, go to step 2.
Step 1 Run MOD BTSTMASUBUNITand set the operating mode of the TMA to NORMAL.Step 2 Run DSP BTSTMASUBUNITto check the operating mode of the TMA.
If the operating mode is NORMALand the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the operating mode is BYPASSand the alarm is not cleared, go to step 4.
Step 3 Run SET BTSRXUBP, disconnect the power supply to the TMA, and then connect the powersupply.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the alarm is not cleared, go to step 2.
Step 4 Run RMV BTSTMAto delete the TMA, run ADD BTSTMAto add the TMA again, andcheck whether the alarm is cleared in 5 minutes.
If yes, the procedure ends.
If no, replace the TMA by referring to3.4 Device Replacement,and contact Huaweitechnical support personnel.
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3.2.3 TMA Hardware Fault Minor Alarm
Context
In application, the TMA continuously detects the current of the LNA. If a minor faultoccurring to the LNA, the TMA reports the minor alarm to the base station by the AISGprotocol. For the symptom of this minor alarm, seeTable 3-5.
Table 3-5Symptoms
Symptom Impact on theSystem
Severity Cause
The alarm TMA
hardware Fault is
generated during the
OM of the TMA.This is a minoralarm.
When this alarm is
generated, the LNA
is not running and
the TMA does notautomaticallyswitches to theBYPASS mode.
Therefore, the
communication linkof the TMA is notaffected.
Minor The LNA with a
minor fault can runnormally.
For the alarm TMA Fault, seeFigure 3-3.
Figure 3-3TMA Hardware Fault Minor alarm
Procedure
Step 1 Run RST BTSALDand check whether the alarm is cleared in the alarm window in fiveminutes.
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If yes, the procedure ends.
If no, go to step 2.
Step 2 Run MOD BTSTMASUBUNITand set the operating mode of the TMA to NORMAL.
Step 3 Run DSP BTSTMASUBUNITto check the operating mode of the TMA.
If the operating mode is NORMALand the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the operating mode is BYPASSand the alarm is not cleared, go to step 4.
Step 4 RunSET BTSRXUBP, disconnect the power supply to the TMA, and then connect the powersupply.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the alarm is not cleared, go to step 2.
Step 5 Run RMV BTSTMAto delete the TMA, run ADD BTSTMAto add the TMA again, andcheck whether the alarm is cleared in 5 minutes.
If yes, the procedure ends.
If no, replace the TMA by referring to3.4 Device Replacement,and contact Huaweitechnical support personnel.
3.2.4 RF Unit TMA Current out of Range Alarm
Context
When you turn on the switch of the RF unit antenna to configure the TMA, a message is
displayed saying RF Unit TMA Current out of Range. For the symptom of the RF ALD
current alarm, see Table 3-6.
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Table 3-6Symptoms
Symptom Impact on theSystem
Severity Cause
1. After you turn onthe switch of the RFunit antenna toconfigure the TMA,
a message is
displayed sayingXX.
2. When you checkthe antenna portdynamic
information and turn
off the switch, the
current is 0.
The RF unit andALD do not workproperly.
Minor
There arelightning rods inantennas, leadingto short circuit or
open circuit. This
leads to opencircuit of the RFunit or
disconnection ofshort-circuitprotection.
TMA operating
currents aregreater than theupper threshold.
Feeders and
jumpers are loose
and feeder andjumper connectorsare abnormal.
Figure 3-4RF Unit TMA Current out of Range Alarm
Procedure
Step 1 Run DSP BTSBRDand LST BTSRXUBPto query the current consumed by the TMA andthe status of the power supply switch of the ALD.
If the current is 0 or the ALD switch is turned off, go to step 2.
If the overcurrent or undercurrent thresholds queried out by running LST ALDPWRSWare much close to the critical threshold, go to step 3.
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Step 2 Run SET BTSRXUBPand reset the power supply switch of the TMA.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the alarm is not cleared, go to step 3.
Step 3 Run SET BTSRXUBPto set the overcurrent alarm generation threshold to 950 mA,overcurrent alarm clearance threshold to 900 mA, undercurrent alarm generation threshold to30 mA, and undercurrent alarm clearance threshold to 40 mA.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the alarm is not cleared, go to step 4.
Step 4 Check whether the feeder between the BTS antenna port and TMA is configured with surgeprotection devices.
If yes, go to step 5.
If no, go to step 7.
Step 5 Check whether a standing wave alarm is reported.
If yes, go to step 6.
If no, go to step 7.
Step 6 Remove the surge protection devices and run SET BTSRXUBPto turn on the switch of theRF unit antenna.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the alarm is not cleared, go to step 7.
Step 7 Check whether the antenna port and connector are loosened or have water drop and whetherthe feeders are squeezed, bent, or damaged. Secure the connector or replace feeders if any
exception occurs.
If the alarm is cleared, the procedure ends.
If the alarm is not cleared, go to step 8.
Step 8 If the configured gain of the TMA is consistent with the actual gain, contact Huawei technicalsupport for help.
3.3 Abnormality Operation
ContextIn the TMA and RCU daisy chain scenario, after you add TMAs and scan them repeatedly, no
TMA is scanned and a link abnormality alarm is generated. In this case, you can delete allTMAs and add them again.
Procedure
Step 1 Run LST BTSTMAand LST BTSRETto search for devices added to the BTS.
Step 2 Run RMV BTSTMAand RMV BTSRETto delete all added devices.
Step 3 Scan the TMA again and add devices.
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3.4 Device Replacement
This chapter describes the procedure for replacing the TMA.
Before installing the TMA on old sites, check whether there is an SBT in the system link. If an SBT is
in the system link, analyze whether the SBT affects the communication of the TMA. If the SBT affects
the communication, remove the SBT.
Procedure
Step 1 Close all carriers in the sector where the TMA is located. Then, check whether the carriers areblocked. If they are blocked, go to next step.
Step 2 On the LMT, enter theSET BTSRXUBPcommand, set Power Supply Switchto OFF, andthen run the command.
Step 3 Remove black PVC insulation tape and waterproof tape from the TMA.
Step 4 Mark the cables connected to the TMA.
Step 5 Remove the connection cable from the TMA. Then, wrap the connector up with tape to keepit clear and dust-free.
Step 6 While holding the TMA with hands, remove the hoop iron using a screwdriver, and thenremove the TMA.
Step 7 Install the hoop iron and the TMA.
For the installation of the TMA, see the related TMA Installation Guide.
Step 8 Connect the cable and fasten it using a wrench.
Step 9 Wrap the connector with waterproof tape and black PVC insulation tape.
Step 10 Open all the carriers of the RF unit where the TMA is located.
Step 11 Configure the TMA through the LMT.
http://172.121.139.201/interface201172918950/GO/cn/help/mbsc/m-mml/set-btsrxubp.htmlhttp://172.121.139.201/interface201172918950/GO/cn/help/mbsc/m-mml/set-btsrxubp.htmlhttp://172.121.139.201/interface201172918950/GO/cn/help/mbsc/m-mml/set-btsrxubp.htmlhttp://172.121.139.201/interface201172918950/GO/cn/help/mbsc/m-mml/set-btsrxubp.html -
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Follow-up Procedure
Check the following items after configuring the TMA:
The TMA is fixed securely.
All alarms are cleared from the Alarm Management System of the LMT or the M2000.
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GSM BTS Maintenance Guide A Appendix
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AAppendixA.1 Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym or Abbreviation Full Name
ALD Antenna Line Device
TMA Tower Mounted Amplifier
DTMA Dual Tower Mounted Amplifier
MTMA Multi- Tower Mounted Amplifier
LMT Local Maintenance Terminal
MML Man Machine Language
RCU Remote Control Unit
SASU Same-band Antenna Sharing Unit
RRU Remote Radio Unit
MAFU Multi-Carrier Antenna Filter Unit