,a attanst 19 made ul t h l a mnpter t o aranl%rr t r o need

fur itr&.onai Rrral P i l l k l LOPOI, ma ?rulan hear "rodrlos i"

I I l o Y. li.illl md h d h r n ?rMesn (*P' m pariiiulor 1" th"

llaii of t h e obiackiuon tap +.in? iby .era iritiares. i r muld

b" E u l t a BUpTOpcmts to tovcn vror tho ovrrsli rerilrnmrn 0 ,

,"id in i n d l 8 rexorc Donluotlng o d i t u i l r l *n.ul;v l r l t n 3 1

au:klrg or t q s Rayrlraeeaa Oransenn Uui LRDb'. It na luaa as a

boEIOral Irl elnhLfmL the pPrtarmnrt0e ,i :X1 ROB. TIe lrrwa

b " ( i f l Y hl8hliC*tSb iFClUce .h" rnij"? d e f i o t r of eo"jrm"~l"~r

i l l * C O m s i Y i r l osnrs 3 l , l s r tv lC t h e r - d l t "rill" o r tlrs rurnl

P~~.Ic: o i ~ ~ l m ma arovil o f ~ t m ~ ; l r v o n arjaralor: d l p a a ~ t r :

w m a a r : c : r d ~ t d e ~ o n i t (c-DI ~ n t l o ; o ~ r v d ~ ~ s ; nrarl; ma :oar;

i r 3°F-xietma, SD1"YI; Inrrr-DNil ^ roml r l .Yc , SlD.

? &:-.

C o n n l l n t r l t l obJaotiula nf Ihp s u ~ r r a m i a i ' ive

n o r nsns in me real. of rural ynuer t i alle"~>rirn, a ""loer

of n m a n l 0s 2s a p e e l f l o ;rrirmuea erd renomea v,:rs

f E I l r m ~ ~ I d inp:r.misd tor 4 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ :iulnp iun.tt~ons

thi Do0r. tile N r s ~ ilevaloprLm proepanloea r a n r ~ a n r P a

armlilt ss one of (be atrateair l o l u t a for l h a i ~ auorasaful

Lmilraulls:lan. supply oi wrs, c r e r i t 3s l i l < C U Y ",url.

be,"inr the ricu*reoent. Purt i r , i*i non-bul lrut Lorn Grsllt

L a , no3 prorod I*nO*lrlP1 r o tbF lirml. as I t *s"oly D*n"ldss

an* inotntlvs ID ifP80t Lnpc3usoant 'be lanr. uereavsr, the

ErPdir p'0vld.r id prlvnts eg.nnea ," R a s l l , unprabu.i~"l,

Inn-PP",., r*e dPuslopmmL 0- ina,.t"non"l "FldlL la ilUP s bralr

E ~ r r i i ~ f i a n for N r v l yovtr iy . l n 6 1 D ~ i l o " . It ' a t l l l E nr iod *ha%

t h e ublart ivo o f h t t x r r r l o n i i rrralt la l o o x * - liaBX<bougL

7" sl10 " l o lo " " n r o l e o * liovrrry m boar. T l i e *orl* n r r , m t l s lords 0: Daleiln. - ih" aorrerato,, Of s t a f t 0 inio *rnanic

trrait . ' so = u ~ r tba rcwueUlmru Of virlous npva~opmmt

*eimrcs, o v . n r r i of N l L l LIDiit %e"i,li w.IL BItsbllinC*

*ILh usry>"" daKlier "I .ui;r*aa in ti,* G""ltrr.

Ooollersiilos r r e r"riu-"* sm tar pr.nori lr lr l l tvt lrra io

rn,i*vr rmo1 nso*ie O f me ?lo>ou. nrrls r, Fon-lnrixrut,"na.

* < I > . Thr only ncsncy ,hi3 ranrrD%ually "atir*,ra "'1 ,a

c I r r r l o a: r """6 rystem Pi mrU rrrdlr to tb Dun*rot ! r~

c r i a x t i"cir~y.P % - * s o IroLltuti?"a hare gmm m s z i s ui,n

sh61t sirroirri l ~ l l A E n r l n ~ l mua tm- I* tm#e. FIX& a I F Y n -

i l l l u , * I s r.rm*i* srrr-nl l l v r s an It# long ai..tnr, a d i t s

rmctiona sirendri re mover s n r.paats 01 %hi d

Bor+a' llie o t rru "lllagl. lhsy l a v a enrebllsneb fir= raoto In

tar rwal mass mraum insir natvonr. roirly tn.

V l l l i C B a uer' mioran or ooojernthss.l i t *aa rl lorrrr Inat

lilr r sac r i a u i i r Y t ~ u l u . iJmn0ks 1 Che borvunr88 aT r h s . . . .. 1 U-10 "rrsl Pro .as 3hruuRb D ~ > . E . * ~ V B # , ,w1108"lYdlY" UC,

i i j i .~p-+ 2. ii.Bellisw, &F,",,l,",a! C F d i t in IoonanirSl'.!

$a"el"vaa comtrise, "om*, 8 ~ m n z 3 % -

r Y T C housalollo 1 ~ 8 7.1 pel man* 11) 1551 l l e r ~ v s L)IP EimeBPUn-

lud 8h- s o- arnel-:~cdr~rn alone visa # " Uiqh nr 6 1 . 6 p s ~ con+!

lotar on, en3 Pnar* Of c0ope;atl"es io the l d a l norravrnra Cf

rlrail %"B'iolcs *c r laBdd t o 2 5 ye- cent m ,074.

* iiltleel raviax Of fD aplrst lons r l roopera%l"as

r*rerled ire, ,'nu# t h C orr."ll "rr,rFOli,Oe nf t h e Eno,!i-"ii"e

rrc?'I BLIYO~UEO he,! conLO~m017 IPXYV~I, li mas m l i d e d by

rp*10n.. diQl'ltlss. Imialmees ul maurrmp oirrdrrs.5 P"r:har,

it -8-8 CISPIY* init ihecr ora-lootionsl rmmzture oanuar-

r rllol lord bLlri norns O f lisuiir" .s,a the I r l l B l t i n V f.ir.rn

m& me mal i and ~ s r g i ~ a tamrm naliEu~rurfi labaur ale not rare ive i n s * flu8 sh l rP In i h r clOgrr~rilP E C I O J ~ . ~ T1L

anopamt1" l r r a a i t i" al ie l l r0n:merua 'n.l,lrt?r, dliL.al"rl mo

i"rriCCU"iP Ib?6Lli Y.l.& t n the nP*iir,s.Ey. hlrh-haldidnebs

and relilshness of tho renagxni ~ o m ~ t t e e a md hecoo turns& rno ' r l o x r d 6hrp0' o* me i i i i l U r n t Pe, l iQnr o i yvi"d m i ,lli

seniu_s t o tte mnebi rs.resspa romn7ulrils. 1,

.iQ ali txo i tL1 t h a t tala 0' unorgan'ssb Jsre lDa n the totat

PgllrU:NIP.: ETe~lt IECDuntls tor 65 icnl burmi. ~ ~ ~ ~ . i

~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ t i ~ ~ ~ *ere m31e io r b entire Eredn ui ir.

r,.r* , ,UbliO r d Lnrrebi h d t" a l"rga " r l i l l v d ju,,. ... ..

A . G,+I+.,l Ineta *a. Oredl3 5:~s. Boxbm, ? Y L , 9,167

3aBrlte bast Pfiorts. Cooloriltrar nnvc b.trdir covered ?c

per c p n t 0: tba rurrl <anll!sn. I t vas o8,narrab llat a llurnosr

ot In"# lave1 a o E l r t i B a !n t h e vlllscel Kcre lyinF doreant M d

ul ":bin imnnus, "aollt"noe un* b#i"l .#A* iusl:rilP t o on:y

i r w .o f l" in t l . l llrmbnra or t-. s 0 r i r t i t a I'" B i t o r ?sax. Moinsr

M a a o ~ o r l lrnrlll. noi*b was t b # rnd"l""EB of li.2 1rrr.cs in

i rn i lm t r m s n r i l o n a . I.ndox *r0.nin* mr.-u,e. Vera lollme& t o

PEZiL? 1 fnrouralle plc lurr 0, p ' n r m s m e a,, a*owh,g reilr0.nenr

0 , ln "1, loan ny IsaulnK a Iral" lo#,, oi hai. aoaunt. slnos

i " e Isnl ins scrivitiir *ern ll""e6 urn Lll?"nywsb, U I d t o

nsw15- ' 0 >rr ran* 31 the ror,.lltr rmr:lon:ni In 1asa . i.8 .er

i-e malt norinl "l l i r r o ~ r e hF"t or r i z n :101,. -: per ED* 0:

irlmrf * g l l a l h r s l I2;d.r S r r ~ a i ~ ~ ; , $ 2 jlir cont a< O s a r o ;

:aoi~-ratl.. Pa".# ul 44 per Lln: 0 , :.nr DrrrlnPr.lt i r l c r rcrr

r l a a o > f l i d aa vast on a l l mi l s baslr d l r l n b luri, 73'5.

V*? i"'P"rn"t t o l l r sauiro, .oa,>rer l o * mrr, n , b l IPliil,

anntrc1 o* noleg-lendera, sxsruiol5. r . l l r o i l n n " f ""or! , *"O,

-Ireilll 0 , aUiMll rate. Of iuerrg t , P l O t L E t l p l t o p:"!,ln,

*aha* lee81 PrrErPrLlls. Ia":T1Etl.ns 0" .OlLE.CL., .LO. B B

illra* wze not oi auoh rval l m hs coxtar; O f Borrei;> o E I P b l l .

IlOnrillsndBrs ;iare oozlpreaenr vhsrt l>ltiiuliomal aourcia

IIIU*~.LI in rnsir e f t o r t s , ?ha

YIIIML2 BB.t!E". *ib 10 1 9 8 U?e","R. M I they pox* .,I8 i : , rr

Diiosuse t,sy rap0 I" noes nm mdnr "rsasur# $0 b" ao. due.

rlrn a n o r b - wr-s Rode to :in* ,>malt d t h i p u . a ippld ro sr.amr

il.O"'P 118. nf r r r d l t , th? orstora d.0 "at A",* we,: a"" t o

p'UD-eaa in u o n l t o b n i snl ronrrrl.

iI"t0 i r r l l l r a n n l F n r l *srk oruni,on ware con, nrr I0

ulblm ma88 Opd b*U( credii his b ~ ~ l : l b l o t o B PDA ~ D ~ F I O 01

comercr sll Inr*atw. Th. lo ja lde i i r,li pluy'n bl bur*-"#

i m ~ i i - i h o n e i~ m a ~ i - n ~ tne m r r ~ crsdit rsqulreme%a ma ms

SF"^ in bw<mp acr,ui ibm hi r e o ~ i " s 0 spoole l solp>a.lb Rt

+ 30 hrrils or a u r a e,>,,: inRUL3. D.mn'lirr ld Ihi OonmltieB

o r D v r a t l o n of ma A11 India R u n 1 Crdn Survrg. I" h e

?""?in ai *hi J,",n ~,p""iU~."n8 ylld R l l r l n l o n t l l n 01 ijlicnl-

iu la + i r k s t a t o d t i r i r s i l r e sinon t*r l r t e l060s , the l lu l t tn lc

creaxt resurou,nln 0' q r > r u i t u . L a t a GO",& r* 10" ob":o"a

ria son^ be m o b B w wmgli . r t l tut ionl l ~GPnry. A url%lplD-

arsricv spproscn nis. t b s n f o r s , aesn ~ ~ : z n a 18 a a a t m niar-

"at,-.<. "ani*, *ha ro.rrr*>* rodr* we%% Irdu.f.d vrto the

1 r l l i o - F,,>"i r i e a t . 2nnso ourus lrrr i i i c n tn "lorlcnt iilF

Isndin% poi iEles noro ic Isvavr 03 jrlrlnr: spolrr. h acclrdnrcs

r*tii t l l sllzbasls, t i e r*t.or* of lirmcnPs e s n i r i E l h , in tho

I , r a . r " r.,',.r(ad. T.lp rural *,slCh o * * i r c o o f "olnurnla.

Lax%# icrrauasd from 5.204 1 JI*, 19LLI t o '',Oi? na r t *ha

c:n6s of >#conbur, 1971. In f r c l , toe Populatl3n pr lrnrcb

mo ~ ~ m m a r a i bVYa L > e E V ~ D I I Vsln inTersbt *n

IinslOinp agriculturs. Thrl hmr eiDcrloiniod m t h a nunllec of

a2tenat:vsa an? a oadicaixon o t mrtn-s ana silmorhcl ul

a, irrrnt Ida *I tne O o u r t , ~ ul;, ,arytns begIL*r Of n"roear.

. ti. S.DhutuL. SWU l a n r y 1 I I : k 0 1 1 , moll,? bi, i!nuulllm.

li'lt, li,l"C-Zmt

9 r 3 (",ti mob lnrreaas,l nlr,"ork of ""Fa1 3rnncn oill'ee, rbc

000mi.roia1 bs*s E0"ld not =#soh tm Ir.8ri"r Nrnl h l n i n l a n n .

;ad ""en u"ere th. -a, irmm . f l i W " of *is rr..s,o5a, bm<s

BBZB OZ(~aXi16. t*8 xmnnci b Cxul r i lurnl l i n x l r s vss rot

d.u:ernible since rne siei* ir tresp Drsarhia cnm>np from r r i n

culturs LetiVsd more iUe ~ u t s l d ~ r s . ISYC~YIOIXL. b01rlare

el!#,#" tciwaPn ;ne banX nrei* and tna crstorara iron =urn>

-*La t a l a % usm ene leEiomvoe Of brr7cI r?fi;sa. ,!has8

ori ir i l srenirs~i strrd i t lormuli, t:r dijolita iron a' rur o ~ -

I t a h ra ther thaD deploylnl frad'r t o in* .r*dy-ioor. Sfniistl

tally spea*ln6. at *ha pnd a t June, ,471, rurai ira7cL1 0,tioes

n.l*.iatd 7.7 3'2 rent Of aeyosz ts xlrreas loans of Ulcac

OII-US anailrs& to 5: pa. ront . bonar h lmr rmt fedws

r b r l t F I i r ,"vi r i r iwt ly r111684NFLUre *l"h rural hEnr0h n i f i m a

L0.ld Ill-ii'ord i , e ro 105" rolvms o. buminas. In ounparlanl tr . mlwrbvfrrbsn or-as. "nlirnllt, in canyenBat,m and cth.r

rn""lrr rula* r i rrsfl ~ . " r . > l i a l i " a 0 , *ic.ti,e1 t?,,, m e rol.lly

-t r to: or uraan orsnri r- i icer rov~. hard ly ~ L I O ~ lover

eblJbhJhl ls - ild .B,htm"lDL ~ X 1 I I I I I L " I L I i01 TW"1 OillOP" EVOI.

r "OlYne Ol burlna". i t ,,me rU:l ""enrh rPf icc nr,a a+ t i . lo%*,

CI113. mrillrr, trria11 rrrount or 1 1 , o r n i l l n e ,.is Gray; ."kc

thr rnral r c i n r i u d es i ihsss bodro srn a l l 8 j s d t o b a m ~ q i n g

a,?"# a n"brOirlial part ui tili bblmoss of carparati"" luria;

N1.d aiposlta b*gm ra mlersto ro ur" asren: lu!iuccers<uliy

pc(IYi3ed raslijenis 1 0 t b e u#iml- ssltlon:,; r a n ,oat r+cvmro

hl 4hr oI'm*Lh" OP ruril ~ I T N I O D P B ; o r > ~ ~ n a l l ~ n l e c s t a l l C,?C

no* t o i n * BulraBl* I3F lUIsl C n Y I ~ ~ " " ~ n t , Y * baa"?" mire 1 o i b a " ~

lrtbtr *Car7 LPYB:oI"Blli BgantLB" and soula rill wlthot",,d d l me

r lu i , "" lode b" lii grurm8lml. Qne .omorr.s1 nv lnn a:.r COUIb

n o t iridsP the gao m rora E x e d i t . The; rulieFsd rro,,, IhS

OFX"nlrls1""rl l a l o , p.:aauo: L I e I I E I e " E I L B &"o z P E o - , 1 4 13m11"18,

I1 8, ' l t l *I tr.lEBYdO"B 3TOBTLIB in tb 6 i s l l r i b i l i t y of inat i tu-

i7ona> r r e d x l to ruxnl srtza m Frrrr t vrsrn, +,.a FrrTnbut lo"

o i r o o " ~ r o t l r ° 8 an. ionnar<i.l ,rr!'S topeiher h l V L 7.1 "Xcaedra

10 wz Ecni of liu isiimstsd nrL cr8d.t requlrn~oms r*d Mnos

ti,,:.. ,,us n u l r e l l snarra \.,a, lb.i A rors del.%"ilrb .'irnt

war r~rsde* r r spa*? up (% rlrri r i mmtitutlr .re~ croa.:, aijrhs'.~y

t l mrri Ix Faoar of the naoler moor lmr of t l r Nrrl oonn,"rlty.

I.h* i o v r l n a o r t con-merpd i r n l v l n p u, ~L.rn"ll"e a o u e .

of r m l r *or WPI~I mectxinm o i ille uro?ory ar ealsbl isnvlg

rvrn, bank8 i* nav, m.;initiana slnoa ir "- f e l t tipr Inr

rrdl0n.l mud iYlol lr lol 8"PJ * PU,": oral* EOY.0 not br f,ll*d

o;*eniaP rsasraaaia psnot ovim 1 ths sjarP, of

Fot,"irali,or a80 E n n n r l E l r l l v k r we" o n r i a L l l n,a raolrUctvFoa.

iiel* bairn a u n p i i l a t ~ LO ne #or UD t ~ i O L ~ L = a t u r o -

lo,* b l l f s r m i *TO. ihlt ObtsLnini. ". ruill~ aactar bad<, m

vien 0: *"a i i t r o l l a obse l i ed $7 th*lF ",rrkmg r. slreiay rrrer-

ti, :t Xs4 iilmea t o lower t* =or* of m a urnkme ule

a P n x 2 ~ ~ the## bsnila l a t h cram l o m l snvirras m a t ;ie

isri""~ro"p a0 not lrlaL me "a" l a l a as & l a " il.tlt,t.onu.

1 Rrarrlo o f Alas

0o.nar.tius ulatlr"ti.ns h""S :ir neoesaary armrturs wd

lnrnlcorn Y i ,oral ornoit1"ns a m ~""blcov bur t h y laat ileo.iEle

r,o>urrrs wo olsn6sFnnt Flf ic 'oney . On % I n O t h T i.i"id, iii1.l"

thr ~ o l m i r r i r l b e k 8 lave the rrsovrr~r ujr p ~ c r o n n a l , tiel iprr

no root# iF i*o rural mesa kid ~ a c l r soellvste Vnohlrdga o i l n v r l

; Y , l ~ h a r r mr proo:lor. In,,lally, %"laF tM sitL.1 url,;,al

POllEY ~ I F O ~ Y O ~ ~ Y ,961 &"d ru*.~rurntly ~ l t h t l r n";l""r.l,as-

ilnn of I*. o i l o r rammrrola: tmxo Ln a armll" ol.Lmd%m

usi l r l i rm b w l n t o .rep .up the-r **rarr.s :or agxioul tan

mt alllrd srtlvii:ra. ?her. war a sperzixc :.drrvoiiri Of a

PrisOrlbPd prrcunrago 0: loma fur rr ia w--iosr. "onore:. o h W * l ,

S'lXtO I r p l s a l w u mY.:, l"B:tPrs ,,a* tnsi i"l.1 ilrrP: u i w s e

01 f l V P l o a m D l retann7.1aarlan, ires# rsnra s r u u not reacn me

'""8- P O P r l B l i o l . t r X O l s J I il. ,,#d#l s l E t l O l l B Y 81:1111mL

- e m r e . 1% wsa rnarlnt war *litr r s a recame the ma;mer hi

I"n~t.dll"$ or fnard Imks .we* no; ooniuilre zo landlrl t o .BO*CE

arotirno. IT. ulsu or t h l a , :ha 3 r x . h ~ Oonnlasloo dllrir~ 19-2

rro,,aant ;ne irt"il,ai"srt o* z new O i l a l l o* 'rcs i bm*s lor

E O 1 , ' L t illYl# oi VllldleB to lest :ns -.,crassnp iralii; nsaii

Bnl 119. to ap.eaa ban*uli( ~sxt ." 1.3. Conniaslln rS".r"ed rrst

ir s O o J P i r lL<s InPk *be:* rlvoroit ls l nbaun6, m.y nlnale

*ill" OP linmolal Ins:xiutin. t c mert tne ft,?lnsle,e: noad" of ;he

rulXI Prop18 would n r t be sn apjropr:a* "l I l l O d . I:. th#,rslo,P.

"-"mme"&ua a nulii-g,"ngs* Dr.came rnsrr fnolirlnusr, -- ..---. - 9. oouamoi.*r iroin , ( e ~ o v ~ 05 iir ~ ~ r r u i u i c c n r 8 ~ r .

18-u Dllhl, ,979, P .l&'iii.

rrlomernsl bunlw an6 speoially sponlarIU ~u:al Dzllia Were t o

p,ar tiiir rnh. ,inn0 SXD,,,., t h i n r,.., th" Colloioalrn hsr

obisrutb t h a t In th total aohame of aridfling lhl P r I I L i n p i n

tb i i i r1EUl teB1 ~ s ~ t o i . %be n l l o ? Ji<flDYliJ IB ilYi tie Coops-

rr:iur anr tor tinich naa r ids nrgmlss+ion a i tlv fir-d k r i l l o

m i l r t. oLI1Iw d a p o i i t r d l l s i m c.uonlr.lsl b n k o rh?oil ern

ab le to mrrilise bajr:lrs m oubris.,tlel man.tr are "nab13 t o

>ro-Idp cledlr t o s6,:r"li"rs. olive $0 *ktF 10.ar rura*lgs r*

the N l * BeElor a1 %hall let 0: L n Y v l C d g l* pmilsma oi >ant-

mi. In r*1e 0,mt i . i . I. ,Eryo",O lira or!tu,g "" or " nar o ~ i . , s

o f ? u n l bar* I" srana ihr acrp.ni tue o r a d i t stllirtvrs >s

",ear. I,= lo"e"nr*nt or ind la . I l e r a h r e , sypo'"tcd a lir,*?ry

ClUup n e u e 3 7 1 rim srl S.lueai*aa, *a Cblrmul, ra siunlnt

in oaprh tb# s a t t i r g up r- nr,, rural irnl'a aa aubaldlar irr r*

F".li BDE:"I hama t o carer t o t,* neean Of tne r u r v l yecp-e.

'.he - o r > < E n L o n tlntr" r i a l mlras rurl "a," !natin,tlan, ware

a i a t o d or l?s Darlo e i aiLitudlnol uio aprrallrnrl :tho8 e n t w j-

C l l l e r r l Prom *"at o l l r l n i n e ;,, t*r ~ u h l l r aeator mn,nsrr41,1

t C V " , i l *C18 of iYnc t inP ird of *"a FU'llC SdCtOT LB"*lnd wate.

.i u l d slob E;ly neb rhangr, brl ar +>I* r t i r r hsn., rnr ld bb

E ' I P ~ l ~ L d . q o

Ih* "O*iv( i CCWP *oEl.deL 1, V i h B 7 I B " l > l * Y 110kO"'nj.

%he Rul;l-aenry aPDroarh sr a srluf,or. n ur0bls.a Of %.otltu-

t'onsl c z ~ d i i in :he ruriu aecror. oonsaoren% ;o ma antri oi

COr ,m i r s l i u b e l a , sox pnEtlr"laU, &lrlr nltionellsarlo", . - 10. - , As?Fl;;-;;;?Cylttci nn iTural Xankb, New Da111.

1171 I D 3 no , 1 . -

ro! ," l l l~~P.b-# "TOa.8L WB. mdds I" p ~ o v i d v s ETeal* io- aqrloul-

;ur-. ""rlns ris perma W L l c n *llwnd,dlreoi lerCinFs i a *r*-

ol.llvrs by coml~~erolol b.3';~ rose I ~ o m P.5r czorso m Jme, 1161

to m.iio EIocts iE ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ , 1971 =,d ruFnl bivrrnsu :r 6 , ~

ur ,mrr3. 1175 ns reurn;+ only l , d Z Ln :une, 1969. Jemllte euoh

m8lsivs s t e p rp li rumoerr is l b a s toe"# lii %voulaion ui

'"eiit a d i t s Wdor maca i o ,"Esl ara ia , Lhs b.AIK of It t s n l l

I,, h r r a i t LC0 bigger *,vnrrn .c t ,,e..srt, :eu,aes ti," x r o l

lirl'r ,nr mi j r i 0 r l u r : l I , ~ i r n " . . ~ ~ , o. *"o"e ho.dlrJa

,"or0 e i t h e r t o o #,l#"l ar h lOP;.ld t o ;,,a one7 E" Ir 4 (2, I t , ,

I l d b l C llntd !srueri.

It ,.as t o " , l J i ti, nssao o f L i S i F l i i . i L ? . , 1 of .,me c o # u o " n t y ,

r'," VoF7.lni crovr '21L , h i t ntt.nt,o- W i " F l l U l i 1 i F bs D.,',i 1"

cxtrnna3i Irsntu; loral Ired:: i n r m i l sr irs . The, ".a0 PElt

t l " . aefhar * % Crevrrt lv is vhlob ?ere r i m * trDillnC or , lud ,

nor ;ha EomrcrElsl \&">a *aui:n a t r o i r . wepe innt lu t? :ns l ly

aquip"ed t o pune> r raczt to tnpsa asr t icno. :or "as *he tea*

0.- :""lure or r.ni-a1m e l a t I rlrtrurf"rlr8 or plrhir 0. tilo

FA0 01. iotn ;h. syrtavla r o u l i a r r tno*lsl. %Is aiawir. 11 ...,, LL,r,<h:, la; in i r u a l l r of ""0, "l i,,P C l s i a r t a r l s h a ; 3 1 br

l u u 8yP;nno lio ueFI o n r d u ~ l r r t o P n c l l l t r ? l l l & anooi i md r l h c -

.i"l i i o v D* Cltbli t o tz "Pi, "real md ClleaCle, to mrr. cr .

I ,lev i n " t x b t l a " d d a v l o a . I" ,hi " D l L D X r or +la mino on' ?hi

i . ls l . tcle . ",*em i " .L l t "L~"" . rerr SXi.0t.d t o atrvm, I t ,5ni

nicaasay for t i i s le ls t l tut lo , .s ,a '0s N-ly IsloXllrn dtl ;he

I O i S prab'sns, ap'uat° on a l ow 0""t brala ,mlilr L",, rernm,

DBrlts ru t Y ~ I I ~ V P L I O I I ~ L I V ~ Iusdegs ~ T I I ~ l e n o j . 8 . YI c o m ~ ~ f l l :

lanlts, 1' a ~ e ~ s i , l b l h i y of :no "ox 0: brrro,,ara f u these

l n r r l t r t l o n a ma lm",,%h "LOW a rr;61t to the, ,.ara to be miurob.

l?o CIoup sruiod tl"? ,rere rre en , . n"?v llrbli'cd nrm".

it turiner aiinod *hob ,im irlnt*ng m n l i l u l l n i , an t*si "aF*

otrroiurs* n o u not be :n.s 1, UllKl lis sntir. oredit ,maan

01 tba ,"Pal >ran" *I,i>i" E r*oaoF"blr jsrlod 07 i l o i .l* ,,""'l

dayret ion, ~ i o r e i l ~ ~ m ~ o ~ rsatv~tlirini ns, amelaars~. ' '

l ia i o r t i n ~ ~ r r u r roroorindra me r P ; ~ m . an o f syr8aoFua,

I , , r r i lY ""mid mo rurnl-rtlcnlr~ Eolno l c l l l DIYI~-* l l l l r i lhil 8 .

- , , , E L ilvrlia l+ ,"a r ip Ic t . c , ."ULI ..bll. COIImhInIX,. iim I"E.1 M i l

a,' Pamlianly l i t h se iorrl Fur& , '"by,,, , .,,,-i Lllr

I l r r i l "r(,l:rrln rnL trr 61,.rrr r i ,,,,a,.,roa arg"ms*tl"n, a h i l i - i

i r a o r l h " e a-rooir., arrsrr l o ":"tmi mane, . a * r t s srid ,,aair-

n:r-b OuLlooX rhlrll tk 03mrsrrlk DaXb lid, a l p 0 mi.ntrul r

10," tort p r o i l l " . I t we" "1.0 ralnss,red ihs; t r i re., *r i , tu-

i l e n r riruld auyplanant but not s l p p l n i r r i a r m n h I . I 1 ~ a ~ 1

srrnr1rx 2, .*. I lr l l l . ',h* Clvup mr of <,a vxar raat :he ua.rr

o i ~ c ^ t ~ u r s o- t h r imr ailovld b? to robl.lre thr re~ourres ?ran

1181: r-gio, i l l ld t l ai,lloY 1 > P ,,Itnrn rnh~ as,#* ramon. :, c:trr init <re ;as% a i mesa ilantl r h r u ~ ~ lmr n r e ~ ~ h he jvonnr

illm3e:tl-le of P r m o t l P ~ Nl l l b 8 i ~ l o ) n a n l . "imp i X a l v ~ l a FI~?IFEI

i" I n - n d e 8 *or ib fill lubClfionti<r 0 - *,ha ealiblirhnlnt "I

B i l l 3 as * a*l i inr t and n r r l mv,ruruli,, oriantra C I " C 8 l t it'rir'urs,

. ...-.- ',', m., P.9.

rll*r17a .ainl, t o tne orriLl noado of +!la uaate. ma nei lacter

3PElorB Of th. rUrsl E 0 3 R U n l t J .

P""*siuent m ms arcnyt.u,ce or tira aialrseVl ~scolmerla-

ram', on 26th ia;tsn>rar, ? " T i , toe 10va.mmen; nrmulciiud wi

Oillnarre t o pravlds for t h e inorryrra l lan nM i a c u l s t i o n 0 : RRBm

rnd , n - lnlo ?Orcr n,ti, .,#nsb,n;e ~ l f 0 " t u l d siisnUeU t o the

"inole r* Incia. The Oid,"anrt .a. i a t a r rellaocd by ,*a nnacr-

Y,lr. ,>r Y.XBI A L L "., "irF",%rr, ,976. ?hi. nmri rr,ne 1, ti aemi

oII the IY01UtlO?BI7 eEBne 01 rlril C F ~ I I t o <OF. 'he Lbl-a

rlln3onl.3t of ;ho multl-i"l."r\~ r redlr B Y B i r n . lit? . B L O b l l O h , l l t

of aKn i r a :si*rr* 2% tb h*.torY I lndldn bil,*ffl. I b re,-

-iu.,il ,lurr Of -re. Crndit hra f n l i n ",, tms snvulierl o r cooye-

"aTl""d, " O T l i e l O l s l b i l l s SF1 816.. Ear, on(. n i 1mn 1r prPau87m

l' frrrt lrn r5 par? o* s r y e i r n v i i i d o l a roorri-let,"" "lilr

"'mirs rroolt "rovliionr, Fi rn i r , rner a-a t o S r t l r r v?sra-

Ilqid I, Ihr l n a t r r o z n t s tor lor ixng o i l lin 101,-inriitutlonr.

iY:rlta -on ill* accxe 0 ° C ; a V a r l D l O f tlrn, m n ?nal,E lu #I.

3 , b l O l .'""re+

"'he rr- FBi"ll*, 4 " io,,lma t h e i r 10" Adi mn,ly m

111. w o i s r . r cnn r : o i t r rwe l rommwi t , . Plr t*rq.t gr,*,

~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ bra l r i I, me x n e l ~ md mc-rlnsl :araars, r p c i c x ~ t v l r ~

Iri,vl.", n . r a , a r t l a a s . amn: mtrrp-nn,ra ma prra3ns of

s , l , , l new" ur t r . l s , oonmsr"P or m i u i r . , "r 0t'i.i r r U v r l l v r

n o t i r i m . axthin t h e errs a t oparsrxar of mna o ~ L J . ~ ~ . ~ ~ n a t t x s ~ e ~ ~ .. 1". ?OYcrn"sll l O f *,*is, v i e larott i o i IFCii. I r " D P l i - l , 9 t h

rub-t~arv, ,976, Dari P ? T . u n t , p . ? ~ 6 t 0 z t . ~ o v f l i n FYI.

,,,a, acrept all tyys. Of aagoat ts mu a l e 0 Pander other osnrine

BC~YIFCS ama i~ ton t me m a a a i t h e a ~ n s . rinnnoina

rul.idr the target eEaup I r aX'Pgt iond sna inri*enta.. Dsn8-

Z ~ I I ~ , mo o p i r e t % o n a ~ area or asEh mn l a rrnrinea to L romrcet

arau or one lo f've revsnue aist:xc*, i t n LmrEonaiiy m earo-

I . i imah" rondirlona ma rrrsl c l l e a t c l o , indicutmg idarri-

~~n,ons~ciy of prui~sas. vnc 1 ~ i 3 ~ are t o o ~ a n rnair

h r a r b e a m tne "nbwied an1 vnLsrburied oentras,

Tbl PBBO are s i e d u l c l COsrerclal Dank1 snoneoreb b i

acheauld ian*a, ual is l l i P"b.iO uprtor EMmriiai Inr*O. Tle9r

me t c he id up v i i h tne i n t n s i ~ ; ~ r n ~ ~ n bj mo ~ ~ o n n o r ? n g

b a d = in i a n m r , ~ r s t l o i dm tie r a n r r m i a stere ~ o u e r n e n t ,

oanil(a1 arurmwnt rnd ""a?" .4o*ncr iron I re DBI. m a arLho-

r1a.d ca"i*sl oi omh KHIl i a a r t a t D.5 rrarrs . ,ma lenueb

and P ~ * Y Y r e r i i b li B nBinlun o l Ib.25 1L*bo and could be n

oacmur of ruyDe" one c:urr at the r i r a t ?lilL.mce. Tho ajmsrr-

mr lank "as rrqvlrrd ,a provl ir , ~ ~ , , ~ ~ e . m l uod r v v n c l o l """in-

,,,ncs :, the rims srorBrrsa by it lor the Plr,; 1 5 v n y r r a xnd

lhirlairer, on f.>S casts or nvrvs,,y earera terns. Il>.e

authrr l r rd rnpltel n i rnrh PRO ~ l s c ~ c D, 0.m ororo

Bni the IaBued sOpl:kl aL D.25 l l h ~ . T1m C i p l t a I "DIIII

br rubruribsd b i ouverllmr"~ of la??e, otate iOvemnnt and

nOonrOr bDnY in t X B grorortian or 5 0 : l i i 1 5 reapecrivoly. llnnase

08ent of ARB- veata v r i t l the Baed of D u a r i o r a hrni-d by

ehdrnsn. lie Bomd 0: Dirac:ors, besues the Chairman Eanalpt

Ednrllnmion DurPoPPa iv3nm "safltlob l.lla.

U1 RiO war nornslli a ~ p s e r e n t o rae,.oit Dr ovn atsit,

bu: m me x r l i * ~ ~ jnlra, t* sponanr lent pl.ouqdam t ~ # roosssal.y

r . a < i , part i ruler< a* tnr aemor iru02a. I" rmsonulre rirn

+*a P'bC1fla *I In" "03: ,,r,rlls, ils re,,"", ration Q* +no "tart

l i t h e r -ien mose I opu<ntloni ~ c e r ~ i t ~ d for 61 RRB ",al 60 bc

4, : u e d s" t, r o . - a a w to t h o sahr" sfrllrtura obl.ln;w ur

roi conc~rnad o;hta sov-min: oz c a n p a a l e :hc

nr;nrt 0,Bl. It lo L,,1* llpL;L F - tilO EJlt "f "pIrI~ lO. , L . % i

i l l r t o ,hi Its lo,,,-oosi :muse r s conDs:l t o me rurY lranolai

"I vao,"rralrl Imrs. h i a l v l l prll or y s r .=r,,

;lloll hnrivrg m .on.".rld ixnt,.

.I,= BO"roli/lsn 1M ,,aId*n "l"iiY 7 - L l r mil ll's tun,,

a - ~ n l ~ n l i 1 0 b o b a r , Beseri-a c r n r i i i ~ f , i r t a r r * 1.r :cniratrd

is"- O" u r , o r i-r.nul"-ri I r * f l i r , ro"-rr.ri,o,, und r . . " O l

r i . t u i o r l ri ierurr . ,.a llrr inr D n n k v i "eri?rtlm k t , ea",, X l h

rhnrlll T I l l l i f E l li "OF crni C f fli .mu.. "Ff PF01IL :, F E l r l r O

i m L , in snLIIIo> Lr Lha orovllion to bi wade f o r bsd d 8rrD;-

iu. liLhLrn. Fu3*e ," ruril rPr..rYai silo E""L.LIIYI" L,,$IEa, J U i l l .

11,. *r Of rsrou70aa. L t B Pilrnl-0 Ei,it*, l esP l" ra " 'OYldO CClt

I r n l irnrs w h X r i l a v l i illor some Eulllvn m ti* " p i r v i l n g rarein

0, thL bare an* ,o:p 5,. aohi*.?+r,: " ~ o ~ l , e > ~ . *a#*"c:, tho ?OOL,"".

l8."L 1aascr r:muer ar 'YlY rir -I- ZurllGn. It Ir per:,"°": ro

i l r i r r o +".I, 8,s or* .ri r x > n l l n i :Lll.llrOR, PPBL nltd rot

a ~ c i u e u y i l v 9 m i s t o ZM sh're bllbrla.

i. PrJcrrS" li P d " b :riots

Tho trerda u U 1 B prrgro.. O f r,BB i h x s sirre i r E 0 . J ~

ilrll I" + e r m s of tbi. c i n ~ r 9 i 1 ~ o l i u u a a , e , Lano . t i mFlll?art?an.

orral; *ino"rlam8ni, racnver,, ruedues, ea*-.,.,,as nuticUJcs,

lra,chvilse *<till., sponlYr rin*-*l.B PIO*Yi.on. o l i r - l i l l i r s l

tnr*i* #Id jrvilt s* loas ire P.P.EILI. m t i l i III~DYL.,,. PsSPB.

A,, Bra7,,i **mnr,,

r"e ,,o.*ul* omup on RKBO id re.rinn0nd.d Ibr a.it.n: up,

in 3.h" Ilrst matam., of o n U 5 llli7s I rr:rc as Dllot hlt't.l-

,,.loi ir tha t - rrtjlotlYI droi". il h8.d V1 / O I t i O . C S , pi,F?Ltd

or* .I,* nerd l o - c u * p r u 1 olmn-nr 1" orerniazn, Il,.ro i#ml.a and

Eal v r l l r r . l i ~ , v r i t ~ r t h a t fli;drr a r l n l i n n n8-i bo ronsinmrpb

bnp 'dmg "poll me j e ' l m l z r c o: t "e runt larf n,t1,,,, r , O Llr

eipa,;PncS saulo* On fh0 irsia Of i i o i r ,,orkina. D e r n l l r t h l l .

I F O ~ L ~ ~ O L ~ aftsi ib pirnulci8non 0 . o n h n r i a . rrrat i ~ ' , e 111ms

-re e l t a b l i l b e d U1 :our ata tas a t Luradabpi an OarLilrrr in

"*tar I.P), P I ~ ~ ~ ~ X baryul., . J ~ . ~ ~ ~ ir ~ ~ ~ e ~ t n ~

aro at i la lda ur ,,apt Rrnrrl (XP! on 2na Orlrlr,. I""5. n i e r on,

Or# nore 'mi rss opln ,d u <:a A. l i i , I L nr Dcarr-

b n . , i 9 7 i . lirrn rer. 1"BIna rovrr l r * P I i , ,arr , r tp r"r.rt,r a

ni-"ri"I Of ("9 .rmnro ("a. Ill,,. 7, ' ) . b) thr ""l 0. DIF.,,,hEI,

,g*9, +ha n.,"*rr "i .-is rrrfin 1. l ? , , -,-c.,d ovEr io $69 ;lrtnir,

, v l c l > t 4 , 227 bra~nW#aa. T l a ~ ~ q r , t k : c ." ~8 :s>i3e i n & b > o l ~ b s f.ruren,

thcrr i r r lo.r:tld fl"::iii~onr i n Ihi ><"Ell sru.+i of ildii#. 10:

r t i n p l i . r i r b pnt nunbrr or b d a acre opanei m t h 8 you.

t v 6 ~ 6 ) i o > l o , v t d i) 1 c e i ( 2 6 $ , lceo ( 2 0 . ,384 1 2 3 , a t r . , arb

7% ,*as* i ll87 t i , . It 7g a* notad ,,it :he:. 1" re irpsn-

ixan m tL1 vulber r l ?a61 i c t l l r x 1-7 ' 7 8 0 . It 6 - I.

m l t h r r oossrvcd inrr rba yroprsas tn -.ma r e t r ~ n y up Of "1U.P

s losar d o m nirrr 1!76. U r i ) 20 R C - I i l r l i i bo r d r b ~ l a h o d -1'

thr r r i 0" I , , ,? . 1 , I B . > " * P l d . ,"I1 i l l 0 .. ih. r i a m i l l . TI*TL

W a r mnltrimry mart ;er fiitrrr 3 1 ""1.. In racy , tic

''~rklng 0 ~ ~ ~ 2 ' .pi rp in 1917 to l r v l r r r l uwlrre r f P.IPa

YlrrierYe~ t h a t tna rirararon mmrrrarn, r r r L i r a , iiowaua:,

f"" :ommrteo ,>"t an and t o the n?rert i lnit j n tile bani. or th?

rFi*iv o i ~ ~ ~ ~ " o r n l n o a o t n-ur m d i a n o ~ u l ~ ~ t r i $ ~ 7 3 ~ nivi o ~ ~ m -

strn;rr f h ~ l r dill-1 t o o v r i r l . r i i n t a d i d mrr1se an? tlrt .. .. .....- 16. YZI, *aport 0, the lie" ou "0nd-L"r on m b i , n o y l n q , I j i l .

rat lo 2.1 i Ilojis8s of Ramona1 Rvril i w r s In India urnne ,175-e9

r n 8 s h o u l be$am. w intsarsl Dart "i Lhs :"fa: s**urtucs.

TIIP.. V.8 *mi. 1 shw inrr.aaa s. ow bs alancad *an ths

Tahls. mom 1985, the groulh in the saitiry; up of R l s has

W.5" unosrgone alsdnoas es only 2s nor* suah b*" =re

B I B P ~ P ~ YPIO 1987. ?lls EM bs Bttributed, hmsvel, t o t h o

rlrtusl araenation m t b a mattar of Patauixhnenr of P B ~ in tbs

mourtri.

P.hB b.WCh .i*maTun 01 RR38 has bWr. nore DhanorpnU.

a1-awth 4 tne nun^^^ or srancnea a Fssu~t o t eontinvea

empnaeis on tbs eiienslol a* the natworl of Pme by hBI sld I t s

shin8 arefersnce t o RRBs for openire oars trmrh oiiiaas in

r W d arsss. It ran bp o b ~ ~ r l e d t h d 15.1 POX O l d YI IImYhBs

vrw sltablishso during rhrra ysara, i.s.. 1981+1. During Ihs

a m period, the )arnstsgs oi banks uno X . 7 . it is pnrtinant

t o 611 tnst tbe branch axpanaim. of aDBe Eonlidorably ircardel

ihnt of EaaoarEiiil llanrs. Brunrl P X V M U i M in OomrrPt i l b*s

rooode& 1-8 pel cant a?prm>mstely wlmmno In :h osor 09 m a ,

it ,,as betresn 26 grz aent -8 45 rer oent. Suoh o il:L F S O ~ o,

"anoh srpansion boa airBsolr ovntrlbutol t o tnr elitsnowll of

inatitutiansi *inMae t o t m mn '"lntsr1Wd in m e rountry.

e q a i i s l l y b-rd reelma. ha nuv ss 81 per Ecnt of n i a t r l e t a

as.. cvrsrad in tba nstiuo, i littll over 92 yar van+ of

branshes are found in r u d Eer t rvs r f t h a porulat iao b i t s tO,MC.

Oh* d'tails logarding *be o.cnirg 0 1 brmchos ahorma a *irtura

nlfrnrent iron tbsr oi bsrso.

?ha abjr r t i rs o i blanon l i c m a l n e pnlioi *s t r lrovldr

rsn*ma reellnl#li a?riciEnl rvrsx k-ssa, a p o ~ i s l q ."hers

ibeu'lPi"u1e niatisl pspa axis*. Ihs a r ~ v s i n n .ill i a al1a-d

uiE norrunt t h a cpna, sDae$n~ dojs an* f t n n n o i s ~ ulabnt*g

0 , p'O"os." Irmn.t.a. "ill." trarin , s j v s r l g p0p" lr t . l .egir.ra

U d illbsl m a r 0 vi l : be s'rer oaeolsl ooneld~ratlon mb PrvBEalOn

In nuch a ~ s e 1111 I# nllarP6 on s coopora;rrr.r l i i e r o l Daolm

*wing 111 aacou: 8 r l s l h d saps-" ib. 87Si l l l l i l l tJ m i DLniinS

ia0: l i t ina .

R l i h tb B'l*h I. :b# n>n*r Of bani0 oonlidrFaila

erpsnsion i n t h e brarrh nrtrrri . iiiers bLa isen a atssdy ulrresso

I t h e i r buairlss. The drpas l t s isra subatslrially ralsid from

Pi.0.2 uroraa 11971 i o b.3.69i.il c r o r e s iL 1981. IL ;he dryos i t

rnk. asiinqs Len* oasor.rs coni:ii.tol 5 , 2ar cent , t a r n aeposxts

62 inr rent and lhs rest 0u:im: l i ~ o o u n t s . ' ~ S i m l l a r j , the

alitotPrdine odri-iies have proglscsi.ll, wnr uy fro. i i.o.i3 ro

*.1,289.11 rrorrr b. t i s l r r i o i l r frrrod io. Ib8 0-D rstio &zen

iron 50 b 91 P B X =ant llti ra-atiua fluo?uarlons. It I?ersaoeb

eradmll? *ria Ibo bsic :'or I r rencl i h r l i i i r s t Isvrl r C 161 re.

rant in 1918 nnr tlrracn d e l l i r r i stosdlly till lie5 nnd reeohd s

leYal of 111 per Em+. Aitemlds, It ioneaamd 10 B l e v e l ni l l i

per cant I=. ,934 aria a s i n dar i ina* io the *ol l .uhs yta. and tle

tFI l l i EontL1U86 Y p t l 1189. 3 x%J bo obaeausd lhni t h e C-D ratio

r s e lean tnsn 100 pel aant j out $ 5 sem. ~t meens inat

tho sdventrs liere b r r then rna d a ~ o ~ l t a mobiltaed in 5 y a m

Phis t.md una EonaiderPd V"~,~lCore b*EBuac ru.d aaulrsl r a r e

aiDbansd *a "ram azens.

Thc peroontws of r s o o r e ~ t o demand had druvped from 52 ro

10 psr Esnt durvlg 3985-87 iaes Table 2 . 2 ) . Tlla )ear 19BI

recararb rha lomst 1m.1 of Ierarrry ,is., I B wl mnt.

av~raues ~roarassisely incrseaed ~ r e o 11.176 orores in i ? s i re

Pa.510 rrorer %n 1907. In other m d s , orald-Ys Inoisaoad bv

1 t i m r s *"ring t 2 e Pcrlod reisrrre t o .

2.2 I ~ ~ o o r n r i ~ n ~ i a ~ ~ o l u a of RPBD in maia DI the reriod lam-07

(RLI.CIDT.., .- .--. --.-----.-.-.. Demard Collsotion Overdue. ' '' ''c""ary mm#,Ia

30U1.oe, Rayslaurlas Oransew 3anx. auovnnry of B T O I . P & l P S of tns aelninrr on 1 1 1 ronor* Of ma* held a* 0"AbapkL m IOth S*>t*lroer, >gel, p.5.

1.4 &ga-wlae claalilirntion

Oi t l o 106 m a st t h 8 end or IMeruh, 1168. I b e s RUBS had

" lit. s p a 0, Iess thvn 3 yams, 51 ,a the fl.spLency Of 3-5

."Burs. 105 !a the rage O f 540 3s-s u l d the reot ,lad lo aod

mi. year. !a.. %BI. 2 . 5 ) . '>,i%h e.. ry inorrase In tns llEe

myen or m s , t lere us. alee an inrreaae in rile rots1 numbrr or

brarmer, na ran oa aversg aracana psr m. A a%nz~sr *end

he user eoaariisn a i m ragmi t o aapasl ta ma adrancsa. I* om

be abanwod tilet lhera is na d c f h l i m islst lmship beir8.n tns

ma oi "32s a* C-D ratio. *roo mat 5s atstad sa iru, at ow bbs

EmC1UdeI thBt thl age j)loCile oi " ~ B B ha# L p o s l t l ~ e 81800I&ion

With ihB indiastors of >rogresa lsaving 0-D r o i ' n .

4 . 5 Disrr i lu t ion on *,,a bas>. 0' nu+.P.r of irmll lrs

Dsirill "I ornnr*,iise a s l x r l a nt RPas nra iLrnisier in

rsVa 2 . 4 . Txinfy nine PRBa have l r r s thrn 25 nrinrhss saoh; 5,

RPXa 2 5 i 0 Drulohrm ~ a r h : 44 D33s 50-75 braarnra Laoh; li PE3s

75-1CC azsnchos Pachi md 19 ti38 100 Bnd LO= b r ~ l a l m C8.P. It

car i a rbsarv id +ha; slw "82th ;h inrzaars m ihr namLer O l

iirrnrnfo per Ylib, ro f l l d rim"ltnnomio '"meoar Lm tnnr Perfor-

* I n c a oi i r l o r l r a u l d savarcea. I N js ro o i lnrreass .r all l i l s s i

s?"*re. is o*.orvea t o be no** r x lair on * >lie trend ariets

*,It,, "ei-la tr C-D "at lo . It may 0. a""mri up Clsr tnnrn ia s "osl

ilre ral , t ional i" h.tuls" rls #%A. of b"sr.laa ;ns r:oraaal*

md,rlrrr a* ?-o,rh. Ii r a a be safely ronrlvd#d r*si *.re uas

ur alroLn6 i.'Drora.anr I" t l e orrmrmanrr Of BUR* blmng *ha

D'Y'0a rrierrs* r o .

lli' 2.4 : brmm-"181 ins.>*+a oi PXd* at 7ixr Vnb o f Morm.79ur ,,a > * h h ~ ,

4.6 h , , l l l -w ln . ,>r rhnt i ; "

our ms l a c m e s in ins connrri , t ~ e stet , ~ w t

,>I nLls aru Ita r s a o r ~ a t a a ajonsared 6 1 EYB~ ( a a s nabla

2.5 . Pis 7r ivqL . roonerolll Dcnks suoh i s BanY a ? Prda-

sinm L t d . and Jim," 6 .<asnnlr nilri. It*., naFl o*":lroied

r h r e i ~ 2 ~ s . ~ . r UP a t a t e o ~ s ~ c r a t i u e ~ v l i ~ t d . , hid

s,rnroFPO ""i P?R. "ha ronn,nl re nmn ware opnraoaa by public SeCtOI 0OmR.rCi~: OBrkI. ),"one t D si'naarec bmnks,

% t a t s Danl a f I n l i a tapjsd the lint 'Cj- ~POnirrirg 30 RPJs

i o l l a w r i by Leurrml en; a, lrlra ( Z i : , berk ~f ilarvde (141 ,

DxqJEI i i a t l ~ r l a l Bank / ? d l , hi-rk 01 bl i i a { l i , U r l i l l l Bwk

Cf md18 " r n i t d : " n r e r r l e i.m* ( 1 1 asen:, S j d l r a t s

~ a i k : l o ) , e t a . ~ i r a n ~ e ~ i ; + r e ~ w r 0: rnnare S ~ S L ~

B a U o f Y a t l ~ i r . Cr,lora.lon sank, I e r B u ' dl is6la.

Iv r8J i l l d S l l l d B i r lk , Y.Jlya irk, Bun* of i m ~ mtlsn Wd.,

e d U . E . S r s t l C o l p e r a t i r a Bull8 i t d . . e a c i l a d aponnored

one 313 on^.. r w ramablne a m a , e n i r hnd lponscled 2

t u i BiUr.

P l o S t i l t ; hr r l i O f I73 8s arrrnlrlraO P.mr i w t ~ d h r c i

ir taxn ,* '"rsnri r . a t sn r , r . srunrojp of bli 'r irLa, i e p r e i 3

m a h i l s i i o r and N u m o e s xlth 2,105, 6 6 , h.459.ld Ec0r.s

-6 h.li9.45 r z u r l 3 a i ~ u ~ n t l s i l y . Pire sponsoring Usnta

~lsinad -ore t h r " n u o r ths ,ranohem. mia ornorn-

*ration msi1 ba on ovo'wt 01 t i l 8 l 8 banlib iun.tinnine

sa 1s- barJ<, ,,I ",or* d l r t r i o r .. :li-s Oanfr* %an* a*

lolid r e r ~ s b second In r e s i i o l o I nunler of l r r l lEhas (1,7811

ond d l s t r l c t a mvsro* (,b) r i d ocovnlsd t h o + h i d PL"

in c i r h Of a o p o n t p (P.,2".81 rrors.! #"a lotstauiiny:

~ ~ Y O _ E ~ B (R.335.75 nrores!. The Fm~ab Batlonnl Bank rsn luU

r"lld ic thn C Y Y Z ~ L P 0: diii1lli8 l 361 , mconi in d r a s i t

"#" r l~ l ,a l . 3" ( l . i 7 & . 4 0 c r o l r ! onc r ror th 2 ttiv nuniar

of brricnen (+,~<'i. ~ ; ~ t ~ Bank ~~~i~~~ lasu iu

IPlBlil ol nUI1CI C i TImEheS e3t 413011.a. iid S:dfC U ~ '

01 P.r;lr'r r l ln .nq.r,, 1. "6"8,0,1 a,,, ol .hi "E St,,i"

corzerrrruli ~ m n Lra. , ?an* of ~ t . s s t n m LM., md vi:uvs

B . l i in r r1ut ion io r o r - T w o o f d i r l r l r i m . Ill lumblr Of

brrnels, * s * l l r h e b , d l s t r l c t a rrutre*, deyarlrs mob>hroii

r i d c r l l l *enloled " r i a 6 m t'i raxr Of ihs bponulred

ms.

4 .7 I n t e r l r j l o n o ' rmoi

,\oong tnr Irstna uui urn" terrirorles , i~ nsd re* nwlier; (1") nlmlsr O ! Rli a *allr,"ab by " d w a I ace," 1 \71 121) , i,ii.nr

(221, Mdhra RBdesh (*PI 1161, 2r:srthm ( I n ) , Xarratskr ( I ) ! ,

s t r , , d l i l e tnw lorssb m a mot, o i A1~1ach01 %dash. MYI~IUI.

leglalsya, Wisol(in, 7ngslW.t wd lrlnurl (srs Tnbls 2.6).

Thsrs ma tm M B s 3n sech oi Eimsahol haCesi IXPl m* rsrals

*ereas thrw in earn oi ~ m s l l ieu ~ r i J-u b raruh I J & x i . ~n t h e rset a t thn cases, t b r ~ vary from I t o 10. 2 aaeh of the

stntss Ins UP. Sibsr, D. U , GarnrtrVa snd Is$asthm, tb numei

o f D=mrhBS mere more ilvr tb"ssod. These e l = s t a t e s alone

rraovntsd Por 61.21 ypr cant of branonso, Iha number 0' l r s l rbs

vsra In ihs raa@ a? 500-1000 m tb raqr o t three states, niulaly,

oFlson, m ari lansF8Blilro. I D resnar l or "a-ysoa. BP. Jar,

TI", *nsluo, *"Jarat. YrrslL n* punjab, t h o irvlshss r.m ro bstwaen 100 BNI 100. In tha rendlnins slalsm. t h y xll-r Leos

.Ian 100. m e nvrisp .* dlsirloiP OOYeTBb the mdlinvrn iz

3P I!61 1DllOwab by U? !*ll, Blhsr I l 8 1 . Aejsalhan !2'), *P l Z > l . at.., ubi1.t t h e la*% la M e C P 1 q B , Xi*DCm m T r I P r B ( 3 emh).

Tn 'soasi of dspos~ls, UP, Bihar. UP, bP snd 'W? ranmil

*%,st, sacYnd, t h i r i , io"r+b urll f d t h rsapsotivaly. mess atr tea

~ooountad for 5 4 BPI 00ni 0: dnnraits, 'hi8 WBB nus t o t6e

BOEslsratlon of tbn als"ie& o* nstmrt of braorhns. The drgosits

vsre below 8 , 5 arorea in *ad ol mn ots tss or Lvursrhd madean.

Ilsaipur, uinorsr ano iagalana. With rPga.6 To advmees, rJP

=an*ed Ilrst Pollaiad by *, iarnataia n n MP. Phe C-ll E l i t l o rss

aorr than 100 per "#at in sooe s ta tas mch sl orseaa, tarYe.

i(unata*a, vh. AP, vn.ura and ~ a n a r ~ d t ~ a . I= otner aretea, ~i

.so b s s r i w 100 p o l r e d , ths leulr b r a g ImssBa Pmdssb.

Ths ouerduea wela b.115.14 omrea %n 7P. The r n l M u e ~

ware >more than 8.50 orozee in rsaveot a t Bihar. Orisas, yn. UI

mid X - " t e n . ma averdues upre bolo# B.5 Errre. $n HZ, r%*ns-

Obll PrMtah, Ilanipur, Megmlsyn, *l.ara" sM Yay*&. The

peTEent%B Of rvsrdues t o avtltanding sdsancss was tha hlbh-st In

N a a ~ l s M 118.21) oloaei? I d l m d by Ulmrem (hi.q9:. Engimlqra

1~i.sa1, r 112.951, vh- (10.27)~ e i c . TII rive .ta:es and union

tarritrrlra &"Oh aa war*, -jab, m, H o l p u r anJ imnscha:

Prndrsh, ths p r o ~ r r t i o n o t ovtrdvea t o outstrmi~nb elvanoea rss

l r l s them 17 Psi 0-6. In the rest tha clmss. I L vna in the

rmge 0' 2s-3" nsr cant . I% urn as obsa*"ad ths' Ihs r*.orery

p'EsniaC war ,,Is l igbolt ir **Y""F,.l 1116.11 *h"mB. it .a1

tbL :orest Ul laBLlenb. Ths gn"+h u* iR1. m a.rtain sts tea

lUlE ir ,arnt , Xoharsnitrs and !I: h d not b r t n oo rnDLd barsun* in

these s t s i e a Eaoprrt iv" nmenert wan mrrs a"n.#"a3"1 In ooaYarlan"

YStn o ~ b e r atatas. ms sinariston R W . ~ h mnjsb n n ~ nrryars

WSB nlro vrry s-ar due t o the r<seon ihli inrse a t s t s s wrre rlcb

h t*rma o t h k i n g IsLl'tloa irOriid8d by romerr:al banks.

It lmr bs ODeBrvcd *)lit t P UP rPnkod fll~i yl ta"m# OI

nrbcr of ma aM brm*eh.s. districts oovare*, aeyustt I l O b i l i a h

tion. Odsisnbing advmcss *id averiueil. Tbovgh YP ranUec remnd

ill * e l m * O f ma M d dlaLrlCi0 cuserea, Bli* emerged second m

the E B B 8 or "UIID.I of h l n l l a , (iP/.slt, BdYglCPB BTd O Y P I I U B .

ii m s i me C M E l v d r * Lhnt tM rs'lon* ~ e r l n l b r o I., t ke nuob.r Of

SBs, bran~hrs, I lposxt , ILYIY.ELs, O v l l d Y e B , t l s . , a m BIBnlPIOLnt

8F1088 thP states sna union tsrritorirs in the rountq. TaoL.,nn hi

t l s s l r a end otws o f Bravth of rablms, nolth-saatsm reglo"

iesB1(Yes t o D8 9'3 nor8 attsntim in t W next 5 t o 10 ysmn

4.8 Rotit sni loss

, i s n o i e l h e f E 8 t V r P 1" ,ha I Y l , C t l " . l , l Of " r n B has lam

t n p l i r r d i a i n c t o i i "orklna r r s ~ ~ ta , gwing r i s r to mmulting

ItnBP3 over t h a roar. 1976198 Ian1 Table 2.11. R Em I 0

I l s l F Y t a t P B t 6 5 POT C i i l i e i PRIS Famed profi t . in *be par

l ? i b . Ttll hsb dec l ine& r t r rela;lrc up8 all downs d remame6

st a l s r e l o l 'i.i6 rlr cen t at Iha od of l ibE. (N;r ib girlod,

the Tsars 1380 snd 1935 I O O ~ ~ P ~ the 1klilnu1 (61.68<! BI.0 s.~nimi-r

118. l iO losp8oTiuBly, ?Jan all ths ola.lir narlrg RRal a r e put

tCBPth t r . t l Wmtm E I p11j11 grsdodl) intrensab iron 18.11

la*ha In ,976 t o Er.l,r*r lsiis 2n rlss except f o r i icu In ?rail. The r m s r u l LZ9s rLlch inrurrab i o r s e a in the ,her l iBe rlra

i l l ea rgs 'nat , I ul ,975. mpn ~ 1 1 ,ms ~h:Ch a a i l i r r d l v s s r o

"ere roneidarad .ogelhar, Ihs P~IYI I* .aB# lims h.J l a h e i n

1076 i t s - o r i s P.6,21c 1Ws i; 0 % ILe lomsle r e n t on gilini:

UP ihrawnn~t i h e said per iod r i thaut sn: axcsfiion. II both

iroiits ~ d 1 ~ s i ~ 1 3 r ~ r ~ e i L, m e BTD taken ae a mau, mr

DHPl ulFJrrrd l o o a r a $1 8 out o i I3 )oars . Ir 1988. tho a m r u t

of nccnmlllatsb l i a r r0acll.d s r4ph Isiel of b.ii.8$6 'aklo.

From 1951 onxeria, m:u:lind 1, Izsael has baooloe r T P B ~ ~ ~ T ohen>-

",on. Y0wora:, :he yanrly lois varied srrosa t h e period. It

mq IS :onrludsa tho: t ie me 1cdts maui.sa a illip lcoo

roar sftar 7esr h sagre$aC ts2na. m e with s lit8 spar 0 ,

i y,,ora a r B ~ e n ~ ~ # l l y ernsrtd t. L"O.8 *I p~.Tetim 90~iob.

man tlea. lamb contlvuo t o i lrvr lolsa" alt*.aut iLw g6"irl"e prmlse lo2 the M u r e , I t i a real ly s matter of sarims OOnrem

xhiab a b u l b u t t e th artsntian of all sop brass of ?33s

.maga.Pn*.

i l Is lEPOlie6 tbBt t h e i iOE"rn"ls i id l o a r i a Ln Lnth tcana O f

117 Rh3s 88 rm i , a t "Pnerler, la86 oad ~ ? y s d our thslr slllra

emrs 0""'rU. I" ths r o a P 0 7 liamr, the loasso hld orduet oven

a *art of **>r dapoal te . A number Of Rma *ere Mt all. t o

EORPIY Wlih tas .LsL"IoPr ra$"ir*nsn;s I" rrmpe.t ar liQ"iht,

ma .,ill rpsprveu.'6 N s n ,,1rn ,be islkrF oomxtrea .onres.lma.

m e nmiar of Ems InrrrTlng loinin rnd ro,. n"0unul"ts" l o u s a s

furtb: YEIP..PL.

?.BP~+s the e i lateraP or XOiBB iel. s*vsra. Y.Brs, th.Y lsva

" o t rrr beroms r l ~ m e . m e i s t o r s w u o h omtribute t o t n a

sroalnn of srohiaoil l ty of r.vx ars a u l y . 2he enotars are

Lndeoio $0 ihB B l s t t l l StEUEtYl8d am I* I # . limtly, i n terns Of

tho asnnata &%van t o then, ibsaa born8 hsve io Eonifn? t'l3,r

Itndms to nad'sr raotlma <n anal1 10- sld ronaetuentlg the

i9trmrt rhsrc'"l' t o t n c i * b * n a P r a bus ~ P r f o r o e l o be l uh .

I,.,Ai"l io thsir goor inoo... Thio l a Nrthar 00.PQuud~d bJ the

hlgn onat Of seru,cing e 1srje nunasr of smell #&iDunt. rrsultlng

m rhe YTOOPBB, Bi >Dl "St P t i Y r " 0" ,net* *"."COO. S.YDndly , I"

ena ~ e o o n t year*, m s ha". opened a ""rnb.X of nm hren.lsa. - -- 16 . YH l , Revorl of the Anrleu11111I Oradlt Ravlen Oonnirtaa,

Bombw, 1990, p.119.

B n e d y opened branrh **as r5.a r a per* i r o nay, no ir. the Ini-

t,s, y P a l 8 , i t doen not have much o * rrsdit diplOim8llt .pP*atiDns.

rt tws b v a r t a b l y n e e s s ncgatna cantribut*n t o the RRBB,

prolvtsblllty h the OLtiol years. Be the rrivrns on their

sdvanves b l l n g l irited, poor i b m e l d vlsbllitg 14 b"ilt 'II th

prssnnt BI.YIB*..U? 3rd 8. ib other aonts go up, *hair pasition

~ r n only be eigrsvatsd in future.

Tb am8 s l e asrddad t o confl;s t h e i r lendlnga i u WP*.I

~ n r t i o n n rhsro tbl in;erest o a ~ n L d on lomu :r tb l o l a s t i n ib

bankhg system. Mn lntarDst margins sni tha irighiei m a t of

eervic?ng B mrge nmber 0 , eEoolulra I~UPIP~ xith IW ~ o l m c OP

~ ~ ~ s ~ ~ a ~ OD aarounr of tnmr restr$otcd ~ l t e n t e ~ a are rha maur

rartora rhleh nske Lu"profltanl n r k t x or thee* aYI,r. "a>-

k v ~ < ~ i l i i : i f y of aomnntsnr am rralnpn l a - ? nnas a ~ r l o v o mob1.m

?L e i j a n d l ~ tu. bvalness of AliBB. Agar% from mmae csusaa vhloh

mn b u i l t ~ r n o ib system, hlrpnPnRm l n o ~ e ~ ~ e m me number of

Irm:MB. 1 0 W rste o f IPIICllns o f h n l a enb nmnilnd 0wrl.les

o a o a u t for the ,nlst*p8ole 1oea.e in wm. Thus the d e , a l l D ~ I I -

tion O? PCOIII maliw R ~ B S bss paaec s senous rtlisi tor tilp

Y e w ellslenCB Of ,me tbBRBsIYPB. This BlBstiYn is 111811 t o

rvrrner vors~n on soaowrt of lnorasae in ovcrilnar olpnesr

iiUB"i upon tils rcvialm or eta:< silar,rs pnd slloviwoea oc Dar

.:ah th. &a<* of ranrosrrial banla . *Commltt.e rep0rt.a rtnt,

if ms he"* t o rB8cn rb nraBL*vm I Y l l l t . ,hey haye t o *bI*

an Illterest of least 1 6 . b 5 ger cent por Wnum. This 1s aDvlously

not oos.ille er prrsant, 8 8 PBI are t o oairr $4 tho " P P E " Y i

.e*sr aer t lona .i oorr.alirnal intarast rstee , wirri *a0 no

O I O i P -or "1381-Blisidi"BtiO"~ 10 thB stBsI1C) 09 10m. mm*

i o l ~ a l i P ~ ~ nlahpl. rpluIn(l. I* is to be that tho mas am

ar?azted no+ only t o fulfil t h . 1 ~ saolo-eemooic rbdErrluas but

-180 io nrm tnou~h pra:lta to arsrlin their cmtinura omra-

tiini. Ih ia om be dori orll ihrovdb s bieh rollvli oi lono bull-

"as0 snd r lo" c r r i PFEIII'. I t *a t"bp notea fvrt ler tilat th#

econoa'o i i l i l i i y Of ?ma il s t ? o h t s l y necea.sry f o r improving

ibr rronmmiu wall-bai3j .P i o zursl ~ o o r . lhorsiors, t h s r ~ is

s rEsn $0 nrrlst Z s t re r l i It ih OBlli.0t.

~ ~ i t i e i ~ ~ , tb BR~. hnvs nenisrsd e o n s i a m e b ~ e drjces ri

suoors3 in tirrnc ,be iaXio6 B e r r l o a a t o I s ,,I7 l snot , arsaa

rblon Ir l " i L h 8 l h nonlnna w b u i s * am a*r m s l i 8 b i n insritu-

Ll>.* areai t t o Ule sas*sr riotloni in tnsse weas. ?,?sir =hi-

a>o*.nt in ?*# coverag. Of *ribel blorka ha. slso bssn *.rally

h:rir ir imi. Furlirr, i l l ~ " l h ~ a . , l i l d l , ":roll t o m a re-

Ilmg - m i ,..on., L 1 , l l " B I C i,,d,lit"t." ihP clew ", E P P l i t ,"*" tho oan t rn l nmp. n a > ~ a t t o thooi nroile t n i ngd i ~ o f i ~ m e a fTon

IABIPD. Bowelor, CnnoCnfrillOn o P VYBa hr~inraa In a isw statas

p"'88nts a byi xoaee fur tiln. ""l*.. BIW anti1 Lie s t s t i Iruoru-

r-nts aonomnmi p r o r * i i tlli "equimi~ I a r i l i la. b ar adeijuste

rnsr"P7 '0 mBr l a .,a,> r p , i p v I*""! O f opmf1oqs , thr i wxl- nm be

abls to achlrv. a balmcad erowtn. ads* t o tills. Nhil.iI B t O Y l C

e"Olv8 it* brMah ,tc.rsrng P0li.Y ul s n m a r consiat..t nith

tb ooJpctlre O* N l l i l l ' n ~ t*a rura rrealt gas h bnowmd,

billy trlbsi relion.. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t h e i ~ ~ ~ , a e l o m s loox sr ueir

*r*ollNloe r.ri* he neelad ?or a proper svaluatim a i their

lnn>rr i or ths rwsl arao1t Mi t o *>ubg. ,hair *ucrear or othar-

rise ur 311t1,11na :he .bje.,isrs "lth > b l h they -re aet us.

?b. L;dloatols Dl . s l inmBnr~ in tio av*nt ,,an3 "anauslr Is

dintren+ iron t i e .are inrrseae t b a nunher of branehrr ar

#"en * L a t u n 0' Loans irsusd wd dspas l t .*iillBP'.

5 . Crrvlh 0 - ms :n U

Vhr ireniz Iri rhu jrnnth o? YPDn 1" AP rra v i d y r d in

the iol .owi. i* p a r . .

I. I b S , C l =Psnslrm

zn L-. ~ ~ ~ ~ j u n ~ oranma ~ n n k ( ~ D A ' , nnian m k r b ma

le6mnrlld 0, .,he NIBl bsnklng rystea *s. ;ha tire3 RRB earrnlsbad

in the lrrir during 1916 . Pro nore PPBa, "Is., ICB d TlsaXhs

~rnmsana an* (,108) atslred ul the a a ~ s rcsr. TM tore,

nunbe: a l ma8 in IP i bi tbn md of D e c o v e r , 1116 md ion-

l v l ~ e i t~ bp th asna t u ~ 3 0 7 ~ ( s e e ?able s . ~ : . orae manma

il..rss,n R W , X (S*DR) w". "S In f l v f3llOwlng Soma . ITP

RPB" .era sa;t~bliahsd u rrurae of i i ~ a ir AP. lid ,. ilr6ls W

us8 r i i d l l r a d U1 IP atme 1981. BI rile end or IUnrei. 1IPO.

the t o t s > nu3bPP or R R R ~ lisa 16 wzm a of t.12r iru.r3ea

eorar8ng ibe 21 ais*rirts ~n rba 'n aalnbl i sh ing

RPBs, prlliprancs xns ilrsn t o th Deoklerd rsslme snd 4Eon#b+

"""a o n o o . Th""O +*re lion an in~rouse in ;be numar or

b.8"chr. au>,ng r*p F n . 6 r.terrtd t o , then vere W i d . "wlsrlona

tn t h s *ots1 "-ha Of Irar.*ss ."."ed in diflarsnt *BTB. Ih*

Llodh m branch netxod isa ma olenest in issr v a l e 1%

tns >sea* in ? g a l . Llost L tna braohas me loratsd ,,, tna

luxsl -6 aan~-urbnn rt la notrwrtm fnxt tnt BLELILT*

rssiana of * v m e a distr:ata are being oarsre* t o rill "?a

m e a r grim.

1.2

A 1 1 *a* t i in Ih. ata t , put togetner m a i i l h e d

deposit worth a* L.ll5.25 olores B tbe ear OI Llarch, 1093 a.

rompllad t a L.1.18 rrorls st Vle close 01 I W b . In nlirer

th" v1rrraas in the *amPr ovsr r i a le:tPr rsa 212 7-0,"

*at s:i >a* Dean sister a0 :.u.ue map b i e r lnor t,e aepaan

iaar r* A988 of *P is wsk When .onpall& t o .*be> arats..

1.5 Outrtuldinl. darncaa

82Es in il dieburaad orrdl t t o l m g L groupo 'or never11

rurposeb. Phs oders la lna edvwres were a.llB.2 >*ha %n ,076

s lo-n- i l ia.11.711.4 la*Ds in 1190, Thcra 18 s ~ r s d u a i grvnl

m 4S"asate ea7S"E.~ YI sll t t s !,IBIS litla, m a i C e y l l " .

nowruar, tiers are flvctvatlons in tnc pa2,y treat "P orsa:t

diilburaenent. The 0 3 ratlo was oors V l a 100 eer r-nt In d l

the ysorn baring ,976 llil). 1% o t a a mat the auamss sitadad

we-r nor* thrn *ha beposlta moblliasl e r r e p ~ in rhs year 1976.

Ibl trsOda 3D 0-E rstta rsrr nipmr uneum. It om b s " 0 t b . b

tl-,d elr ing 1978 a d 1971. 1% et a rsrard lsvol of 286 Der

~d 271 cent sap~enLlnlV. ID* 0v.Zall DOrPonsleL Of

nun. in bP "W relnil".l) bigher thm *he I~Llrm aiornpe L" *elma

of anpornit uoblllaation ?and r r e a l t leploynsnt. Nrtbac, tBe 0 %

Patio .i hi 1.88 BIBstPX t a m the comasponiUla IMim svtrsss.

In I P , ma sm.*lonll aQ.moas *or saMIal PLnloaea 1 u e

nF,rlO"Huls, s:liad e o t h i t l s s , rwnl indu.lr:es, ila. bone t h e

art*.rUrt iu>poaes. crop lams l lrst ul terns D* nunbar

of norrovers i M . I ? P J ria vell as s ~ o v n t 143.Z1X) isee l d l e 2.91.

laDY 2.4 1 S u w o s ~ 7 1 ~ 8 Dlassiflolitim d Dlract Outotwdlng * C v a n c e ~ of m e ?n AP nr tb Dli of Merrh. 1989

(L. l ~ l h ~ ! ..... - ........................ - ... ............... PurEOs* mole: Of BCeoYnts h o u r i

...... -. .... .................. -- .. Orop l n a r s 11,10,012LIO.ll! 11.181.97t41.211

A ~ r i r u l t r m l l n y l ~ m o l l ~ 1,20,086110.7,1 1.713.16(11.05!

A I l l r l rotlrlliss 85,6701 7.131 2.119.901 7.17) ~~~~~l l l l lvorrien 65.8621 1.121 1,261.17: 3.74) RDisii irado 1,66,636114.221 2,841.:91 8.611

Cown%~tim la- , 0 5 5 1 <65.?&( 3.361

CILCIB 2,1?.678120.96! 1.127.57122.011 . .......... ... --. ............. Tot31 1t,12,31111001 33,717.30:1C31 - .... ------ -

N'te ; PlWcee In irs.*.ts imaicste tns DProantage t o r o t a . Yorrol:LI*8*m, S r a t i a i l r a on K h i B , Irrah. 1189, Bombs)..

oiipsa * o ~ u p l ~ d tilc oenoni plaoe v i m 20.96 ier aenl and 21.01

per ornt <or ins i0m.r aM 1stt.r sex"*rrially. Blre 'others'

in0 "6" loma on asoogltg, Jevl lnw 13mn <or Eonsomgtion ju-

Dogen, #to, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ t ~ . . 108n. L C E . ~ ~ ~ ~ toE t ~ . lovest bntn m

arcovrts ! ~ , i + $ ) -a mmvlt (~ . :s$ i . m *he oars r r zursl mbu-

stElss, uL no1101*16 10s rne corrsarondlna

sno** l2, t l n u t a t m l n g *sm.em. * simnar DBrforawee I"-

r e m d it^ ralsrd t b a l ~ l s d arthirlls, z e i n l i r d a am con- s r m p t l 3 i losne. Amonl tha .eat sf +be YLYPw~~, B b 1 ~ 0 t l i o 0 1 L Y

OPprlitP trend 1. ODIOIYeLI.

Ihe *as extendid lornr for a#rarsl p,n-.rm"snL snmarr.l

~eIPoea. DuLog rlls p a l 108B-8$, li.l.138.57 i*hm lie- I l s iu-

sea orer 1',621 banerirlwiorn unanr Inraera%ed Bural D s v e l o v m t

IIW, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ 7 m rhs xnSrantia nsiL ateTss+

IDRIj s E h ~ ~ , o , 516 borroxeiE umslatab with I . I . 6 1 s . h ~ . L

liltla over b.1.011 lakhil asre nviP esnllaii.u to 2 % , l B i boirmela

thr0"ih *l or*= govPrnmant aponsoria progrunws.

5.4

ovoauea O f all r h r PSB8 in Iba ots(.o i.M ",,un%od up PI..

S p d ~ u h o l y from B.10.21 orores m ,900 t o rb.tW.6l ororen m

1110 idea Tall0 2.10). I l r rntr 0 - Inolesos van 9.0 tllra Lo fhs

I B 5 t B . upan U1B fmnSr, nut *ere -8 aub#tantlrl lLvCluaiioor

:" trip tO YBBr S I P I ~ n . ror EILYIJ~B, tnr r i m >9ss renorlea

tni vuimnm I 7 3 . l O m e l e n s I+ roa In# nulimn f l .>$ i m 1189.

The shars of oierdueo t o o u t s r m b l g advances ld nursa up Ira.

21.1 t o 25 p e l tent with ialerll crhmem I t l o slaressP parlad.

ror iasislre, ths ,988 recoded E * alaest 1>0.,?10 mie

l P B l shovsd me lrnet (15.711). It ran ha obaarsd thar :bough

th oYaFb"#B Lo a b s o u l * ,era8 ha6 aonthuovsly milsnosa ysU -. - 17. Nl l i iW, f1989i1 m.. ..is.

aiier p e r , It6 pesmrage s,er nuretbldzng aaranaes had

aubmPl%ee in ibe or* oi P h v n .-err. The discerning *.en% in

0YOlaL.S .was c...iaoled t o be a matier Of zrsar i o n r a n .

h m b l p i o Of purposaqlas OuerPuna a t PnBe in AP ht +he s d

0 1 Xarch, 113"are provided In T s b l s 2.11. LmMI tb W I I I B P S ,

t m p 10ma a m L o u t e a for t*a n i s k ~ ~ t in both m a borralcB

( 4 l . l n i : &na ousrcue amom% ( 5 6 . 2 2 0 . hysCr P m m t u n . olie11ne

mmnr m a blghar. 117.16) ahon eonpmeP t o nvrber a t sornunts

(15,110 b e8r3aullulsl inpionsnta. The sonsumption loans

rmred last "i* lPla tnsn ens cent m sccmnis srr "a11 la

u m c w i . * aisalnlia" situntian E i i o t e " u reayivt ?I "gzloul-

t n r a l B ~ ~ ~ V ~ t ~ P B . I ~ : J . + I ~ ~ ~ , rerezl t r e e a~ aanilmnrlan

10rn8 . men a l l the P"rg"BB srIe EnnridPred t o w t b i , nearly

Mi. ~ s * n rorrausra bad o v e r d v s aoomnrg t o 8 . u . x 6 1-s.

PhO OYYrdueB FIr bDrrm*r N8IB BlDaLe" io orop l o w iolloweo bS-

others , 8811CY1~Uldl inlllwsnts, s111s6 sctritles, e t a . T b

orE#uaa sa i;onortton a? auraLaniing d v a n ~ a s v s r ~ e & amw

ths p p o s s a . mr instnnrl, it was 54.56 par rent in s l l l e d

BEt lv i t l sa .herbs8 0.18 P ~ I cant in Eonallnptlon lams. In other

rods , racorerF s l f io ienry aa s aaroemsg r* 0u;atmaiw

B d " B n 0 . ~ wes the m-iruo ID tb let lar l i m e o u i m in the forner.

It m q * noie* %bat, c t i b a mPO.eB, YYDIdUBB 1.IB Eompma-

t!vn:y YL L I ~ I I Y ~ I Y I B ML allied aativit iea. Thia my. Ds

on aooount a t t h t a r t tnst aorlcultura is aub$ettaa ro e~vsrsl

risks an5 Y O r s i B i n t ? ( s like I Y ) C Q " L I < * 16101811, 1m Yi.16.

r l s i i o t . . nsrvra, o imi t l e s , ero.

5 . 5 intrr-rerlanal srvaad ?" *I

*nilJsls O f r*r,.nal rsnrl lone m t h o p0riornan.e 02 Rrn.

La IP pl the snd oi tb Ibsrb, 1989 nre~entad in l a h L 2.12.

O' Ih* 2, d l s t r i o t o ill .\PI iba hlshest "YobP. Of brmrbaa "ere

f r d in Y o U n b a (81) xborsns tb lnsal 1. lost Odsvari (9).

?hero wrc l i brsncies in Laoh a t D?ittour snd Xl?amso d l s t r i c t a .

1" me casa of nine distrlots, thr ""oDer of Brananas were

bsrwsen 50 old 70. In RailLulam dlstrirt, thara were i B

~ I ~ E ~ B B . ~ m o n e rile met oa ine a f a t r s ~ t l , tnar -01.8 14.. ~ n s n

53. In rsawct of eanus,i "obiliestion, ovvtsp* a3at:irt

E L N ; ~ i b e i in eggcis8le m u s i r s "itn 8.2,2j3.?2 isrbs unrlesa

trest ~ ~ a m a r l d i ~ i ~ l c t eraupied me laat 11.0~ ~ i t n a.6o.i~

1818, In ts2ms OP %jrsydL rmtstaading idvanass, Cu'dnpan

(Vl. l , l35.59 lakbal ranZe& first i o l l n e d by Bumoal (h.i.401.7

I*bvI, Ohlttwr lI.Z.VII.iB lcVhs!, e tC . . ma East Dadavwl

Pable 2.12 : D:BiPlrt-*ieo D l o t r l u u l l o n of hiBs In h i A t the 'bd or Bar*, ,989

(I.,l*haI --

:=:;S"*' :z:%:r nspnsita MYnnOeB 0-D ~ B t i . IO -

isl60"nbs Bo 1,096.11 1.671.75 151.98 ODiLtoor It 1,682.50 2,454.19 182.39

Khmnam 11 1.161.19 2,481.81 181.19

u l ~ ~ i ~ ~ d 69 1,149.74 l,n9.50 W.17 lmlantspur 6U 1,616.51 2,012.51 124.81

CUddaRM 67 2,230.12 3,73j.39 167.68 Kahabovbnsear 61 916.18 1.522.31 l55.95 xed* 64 Il57e.58 2.166.11 117.74 Vlrinnagornm 61 1.11t.88 2,011.0i 162.76

Her-ara 60 1.627.51 2,171.69 151.42

I(U:nYQI 60 1,972.87 1.101.70 172.58

S r i X 6 1 a m 58 6 , 4 6 3 149.57 Y3Btiiaystnsa 49 I.69O.10 1.448.99 85.72 Ovntrl I4 8W.53 1,026.01 12<.0(

V a r a l n l 43 611.1: 955.45 355.33 Ierlvnasar 12 649.5: 1.121.91 ??>.:I ?r*esam B 924.11 1,166.67 126.19

brhlmn 26 115.91 l50.31 130.88

l i l n m l s d 26 292.11 367.14 112.53 Panee Redly 22 259.e6 291.88 112.12

Vsot D:osverl 10 60.52 31.89 151.01

Last C r l ~ v a r i 9 106.62 12.61 68.70

- .- - -. -.. -- -.- .- ---- - - ---. . ------ Jovlae I ia in Table 2.9. p p . 1 2 6 . 2 7

( R . w . ~ I ~ ~ B I lost. 1% are *r notias& rrst *ha 0-3

ratio was "at. %ban $00 pr rmt in ail tN 1 1 4 t r l r t o leaving

Boot Foisrsri ((B.i$I, Y1B&syahao 185.720 rmd Uiidnld

(91.37$!. T l l i ~ ratio "as Ih. higlimat in Yizianmearun d l a t r l r t

(laz.ib$! muarea nr ob<travr (182.0911, ~ b r n ~ ~ ~ ~ l s i . m # i .

K a r k s g o r (Ili.15111, lurnool (372.58111, Cvddapah !167.11!,

O t C . yl ine cenninin~ Olstrlotn, it vor:ed from 112 t o 156 per

*on*. T S raglone, "enari.no yl Ils bpread o* KnPs ernng %"a

o l s t z i ~ t s in AP ran re oannidirea to as aimi:~cant.

5.6

be d e i a l l g oi 1 6 ma ~1 +.pat r ie end or ~ l e r d , 1990 ore

*nlshed h Tab11 2.13. Of the 16 iiliBI. 'i@B toppec t ia lint

wlln $ 6 8 Dlsncblra f a l l m e 8 b NDB (1411, ROD ( 1 4 2 > , Lrc., r h l h

rna last i l s r e WBB O C N P I B ~ by ~ o l c a n d a ~ ~ m e a n a armk (DIB!.

The arersea zuabcr 0 1 Drmols~ 18: p a r ram 17 ul TUB, li in

tboh 0 9 lCO, ROB, ( IEdBYBTI @ruaena BaU, st< . Zn Lb .endDirg

isnk,. It raris* *om 4 ro 9. r l i e l l r e g d P LeDonlta "e l *

380~s tnrm 8.50 crorsa u #sob 09 BOB urd YSB. TI0 amoeate

d i von7ts v r r s 1p.r -hen D.5 crorss in CDB, ltrnarrcvran o>rnrcns

Ban* 1108) aod Dodarun Crwesna Ban''. ?he prr o u i l l r d e m s i t a

vere the u u W (h.1,119) in LWlJirl Orsnsrnil Bsnh (I<ldl rhro-

sa par Branch d8gosiil were +b h i m i s t in 80% (b.51.9 la!&].

TbO PC? bzeich en& ier C B D l t a d e i o a l t o Vera at the ?-at ebb

1l1 KDB and S U B reap .Ci iYs9 . i r E e i be .L.aerrea fl.o.4 >hat Y

stlLtod BbPYe that ih< rSlA Ibnkad IlldL h t a m a< denaslt

rno"ll<"atlon am,nS tao dlPierPnt RRSB 'n iP

in tarma of agsrsseie, IB' braon a" pi eetita outstsnl-

B1 m7wlaB, +ha RUB rolbed first. *be 63B. YDB snd 9A09 >.Me&

la.* V theas a r p r t s ssq""mlo.ly. Si*linr rsr,srima rrs imml

aom.11 +An ns*. In rssgect Of 0.D rslio, Begrec"s, per braurn

an* iror r t a * i b""rniS8. Ihr perraiser oi r r rouary t o drn0r.d

was t i e UIPlPri in 889 IO:~OXF~ by I(@% SrlF~la Grlvoerns Blu*

e t c . , wh- la l h e >owsst us* m "il. a>* impreasirs iczfamenc~

a t iM RCB was on srrorvt or' tb wider ores of operstions.denon-

BLFnlinn P r i P O i of sering huln of "rim yonulation on tk mrnl

n"I11e, l i l l C L l P .i<**a e i r ir ,mB stnif, a t e .

:.7 ,ao*l"e maulta

*.*,s,s oi in* W*% ndr.suLtB o* ms Of *P D* t l

BBrlDd 1 9 0 4 8 are prm~Baitd 10 Tab18 2.11. :he tats1 zlunbar

Qf RPBr o a n i n p @-ofits d r o l b t d *or 7 in 1483 t o 2 B 1916 ML

TLble i . l l i Work- Rrrults OI Plea m I P U u i b l i"Jld8 IS..the! ....... - ....... ......................... ....

ysar n1,a2~~+iimi ~iui~iP-@'xi~i of PRIli ci mas

?Ma1 loss

....... ...........................---... .-. ...... 1 9 5 7 I : . b i 5 52.43 (8.7R

,084 5 1 . i l 7 82.07 77.91

? D O 5 3 I.82 ii 277.07 271.25

,985 2 11.53 i 3 1Oi.52 206.99

1?81 1 26.71 12 17>,49 191.12

198e 1 111.$9 i 6PI.80 55l.61 -. ...... .....-. -....-.-- .- ..... Bmroc I *a In T a b r 2.11.

warn incrsaasd t o 7 by the cnd of 1168. The mount of PrOrit

i luEtYaieb bsrusenb.l.82 a e.111.,9 lsiha l" rhs ysriod.

on the conrrsly, ma number oi loos ma*iog m s bed ~ n r r e s s ~ a

from 5 in $98. to 13 in l U B i and #gain aecl.ned t o 9 in 19h9.

Sloilsrly. lorrea gsdvallr I norssosd flaa U.l2.61 i o b 694.80

1s*bs. w e n notn the ratD~orioa are ?ut +ngsthsr, rho loss hm

~mRTnaah.ely v o E B o a t d Prom %.?R.7R to H.555.61 ls*lo. It o a n

ba 0 0 2 e : v ~ b PIOX wbmt starea above, +rat l e l r e s s s incilrso

by mn ul A? ,. rnc,aa.ing yasi after ram. T?la Is nr.1y

a v i ~ j sar"i nl :s o l =Per-s, which sbovll i at l ra;r t h e r l t a n -

tlrn of sll cmmmtd soaetnina nubstantla1 bas b )e dune

I m r u a l s t t q 7 . r.ver*a r l e rrsnd.

Teal* ; . j i rpvasls aam-ue p r r t i e u ~ a r s 09 ~ r o r n / lo.,? or PRA* 1" tiE sl"t. Tor t i o,-r'"d 1183.89. 11 cxn be

n h ~ r ~ i ~ d i h r i tha HOB am s r i veakster l~e oreneeno Bank inourrer

l o s l ; i l OYntinvoUlll from 1183 IIIL 7988. On .hc cuntmm:~ tie

MGD Bans6 DTofltl ~astinunua j during the p a r i d reisriad t o .

Ths SAC?, Si-ra:unthi. S t a t l i o md Oils?tonjo Bramarno Bsn.cs

Borne< lrlflta lor 0n.y cne yam md rncvrrld loass , in ths rest

i f t* ~ = ~ i a e~ VOB, ~-gnncsmra, m a r h i and ~ e . . n e v ~ ~ b n ~

C-n",rsFx Benrs a"rnod p m f l t a 5% l*" ysk-s an,, l D V l l E r P i loq8"B

1Vr:n~ tha aamalrlnn P B E I E I . ?10 PRis, nmeiy, D m wl $11

AiaQ Craraena BmLB enmad p r a i i b fn t h a <%:st gem of their

s v o t k i n ~ ~ t ~ e l f ana mrurrrd loBssa in ~ b s subsspuent

1he n~vly n p ~ n e d WIla sw1 a8 XLrB I l986) md WB (1987) enmrU

Pmllto riphi "roo, -,a.lr inoayt-on <Ill toany. ovar Drr,*

o f 6 yams. too ECB lnovrrad loeses sx4 pmflts roc a uerird

a t I y e s r o esoL. me MOB inowred a 1 0 ~ s 01 0.472.18 i&hs in

1401. hl tbs Eontrw. the ROB earned 8 p m l i t of L.81.48

lulrhl in +he perivii referrsa to.

It om Dc O b b b l w d I ~ D ? tY.0 KGB rm!md fl l i l i in lBim9 Of

ncbirark a t brennao -6 busmase par start, OGB in reistion t o

h ~ o ~ l r r s f i l ~ i ~ n ~ ~ and BOB in r a s p ~ o t of per capita depualt .

it cw Lie .wth8r .bse.rea that tie 208 r a e i :,rat smang all

*n#: PBBs in tsima of a6bragele ma vell an psr branoh dspesl ta;

-at<, per branch and yer capita inuancer: C-D 1 r t i 0 ; segrseats

und nsr brsnrn ~ , . ~ : n e ~ ~ ; a7a prciirs . "he lorno U ~ m t ~ ~ n ~ d by

t h e BGBirra more than lejaslfs m o b i l l e l from ;he aDera-

tiona1 r r s a anr ConsayurnilJ garilel.ated in a greatsr npasllr*

m i".~ rural de"ela?mant of its oyarntimo, area vnm oompare*

tc, Other "Pea id th. stat.. BY esrnllig profl te $0 B t*n. a<

brl2 tnkna, i r r s ~ r o a t n e widely bozo v i e w ther the UBB

?rma r a l o r s a e . bar+ from otber ?artorb, tnis ha*

hi-* :CaemDI2Pr i n 'vfiuate < h e perforrmee ol the ROB. There-

l w e , t h e uartlna reavlrs OP tho ROB srs annlgsod yl thi

f<ml!""ly ohaptere a; r r e BBflrsgnts am brmcb Isval .