TLIC607D - Drive Multi Combination Vehicle - Learner Guide
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Transcript of TLIC607D - Drive Multi Combination Vehicle - Learner Guide
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TLIC607D Drive
multi combination
vehicle
Learner Guide
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Contents
What this Learners Guide is about........................................ 3Planning your learning ........................................................... 4How you will be assessed...................................................... 7
Section 1............................................................................................. 9How are multi-combination vehicles correctly driven underlicense testing conditions? ..................................................... 9
Section 2........................................................................................... 33How are trailers of multi-combination vehicles coupled anduncoupled under license testing conditions? ....................... 33
Feedback on activities .................................................................... 37
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What this Learners Guide is about
ThisLearnersGuideisabouttheskillsandknowledgerequiredtoeffectivelydrivemulti-combinationvehiclessafely,includingsystematicandefficientcontrolofallvehiclefunctions,couplinganduncouplingofdolliesandtrailersandeffectivemanagementofhazardoussituations.Theactivitiesaredesignedtogiveyouanopportunitytopractiseanddemonstrateyourskillsandknowledge.Thelearningguidealsodescribescommunicationfunctionsofonboardcomputersystems.
TheElementsofCompetencyfromtheunitTLIC607DDrivemulti-combinationvehiclecoveredinthisLearnersGuidearelistedbelow.
Driveamulti-combinationvehicle
Monitortrafficandroadconditions
Monitorandmaintainvehicleperformance
ThisunitofcompetencyisfromtheTransportandLogisticsTrainingPackage(TLI07).
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Planning your learning
ItisimportanttoplanyourlearningbeforeyoustartbecauseyoumayalreadyhavesomeoftheknowledgeandskillsthatarecoveredinthisLearnersGuide.Thismightbebecause:
youhavebeenworkingintheindustryforsometime,and/or
youhavealreadycompletedtraininginthisarea.
Togetherwithyoursupervisorortrainerusethechecklistsonthefollowingpagestohelpyouplanyourstudyprogram.Youranswerstothequestionsinthechecklistwillhelpyouworkoutwhichsectionsof
thisLearnersGuideyouneedtocomplete.
ThisLearnersGuideiswrittenwiththeideathatlearningismademorerelevantwhenyou,thelearner,areactuallyworkingintheindustry.Thismeansthatyouwillhavepeoplewithintheenterprisewhocanshowyouthings,discusshowthingsaredoneandansweranyquestionsyouhave.Alsoyoucanpractisewhatyoulearnandseehowwhatyoulearnisappliedintheenterprise.
IfyouareworkingthroughthisLearnersGuideandhavenotyetfoundajobintheindustry,youwillneedtotalktoyourtraineraboutdoingworkexperienceorworkingandlearninginsomesortofsimulatedworkplace.
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Section 1: How are mutli-combination vehiclescorrectly driven under licence testingconditions?
Areyouableto: Yes No
1. completeapre-departurevehiclecheck?
2. starttheengineandundertakepost-startupchecks?
3. secureorconfirmthesecurityoftheloadbeingtransportedonamulti-combinationvehicle?
4. steer,manoeuvreandpositionthevehicleinaccordancewithtrafficregulations,vehiclelimitationsandroaddimensions?
5. drivethevehicleinreverse,maintainingvisibilityandachievingaccuratepositioning,especiallyofthetrailer?
6. manageenginepowertoensureefficiencyinperformanceandminimiseengineandgeardamage?
7. monitorthevehicleformalfunctionsandtoensuremaximumefficiencyofoperation?
8. monitorandanticipatetrafficandroadconditionstoavoidinjurytopeopleordamagetoproperty,equipmentandloads?
9. stopthevehiclewithoutinjurytopersonnelordamagetothevehicle,propertyorland?
10.park,shutdownandsecurethevehiclein
accordancewithmanufacturersspecifications,trafficregulations andcompanyprocedures?
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Section 2: How are multi-combination vehiclescoupled and uncoupled under licencetesting conditions?
Areyouableto: Yes No
1. coupleaprimemovertoatrailer,thentrailertotrailer,inaccordancewithmanufacturersspecifications?
2. checkthattrailersaresecurelycoupledtotheprimemoverandeachotherandarefullyoperational?
3. uncoupleaprimemoverfromatrailer,andtrailerfromtrailer,inaccordancewithmanufacturersspecifications?
4. checkthattrailersaresafelyuncoupledformtheprimemoverandeachotherandarestableandsecured?
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How you will be assessed
AssessmentofthisUnitofCompetencywillincludeobservationofrealorsimulatedworkprocessesusingworkplaceproceduresandquestioningonunderpinningknowledgeandskills.Itmustbedemonstratedinanactualorsimulatedworksituationundersupervision.
Youwillberequiredtosafely:
undertakerequiredpre-departurechecks
coupleanduncoupletrailers
secureloads
drivemulti-combinationvehiclesinavarietyofroad,weatherandroadconditions
parkandsecuremulti-combinationvehicles.
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Section 1
How are multi-combinationvehicles correctly driven underlicense testing conditions?
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Section outline
Areascoveredinthissection
Pre-departurechecks
Securingloads
Selectingandchanginggears
Drivingamulti-combinationvehicle,invariousroad,weatherandtaskconditions
Manoeuvringtrailers,usingreversegears
Parkingandsecuringmulti-combinationvehicles
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Pre-DepartureChecks
Thissub-sectionmayalsobeasimplerevisionexercise.However,itisnolessimportantthanpreviously,evenifyouhavebecomean
experiencedrigidvehicledriver.
Youmayhavealreadycompletedthisactivityforarticulatedvehicles.However,itisvitalandshouldbeundertakenforarticulatedvehicles.
Driversofmulti-combinationvehiclesmustcompletefullpre-departurechecksbeforemovingoffinthosevehicles.Yourcompanywillhaveapolicyonthechecksyoumustundertakebeforeyoudriveavehicle.Thesetaskswillvaryfromcompanytocompany,accordingtohowmuchresponsibilityyourcompanygivesyoutochecktheserviceabilityoftheirmulti-combinationvehicles.
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Activity 1: What procedures are required to complete apre-departure check?
You are required to identify and check the serviceability of a multi-combination vehicle.
Before you start this activity, look at the following checklist anddiscuss any details you are unsure of with your trainer. Then usethe checklist to tick off the successfully completed tasks when youhave finished the activity.
Sub-tasks Steps Completed
1. Completeprimemoverchecks
Under Bonnet
Check all fluid levels
Check tension and wear of drive belts
In Cab before Start
Ensure parking brake is on
Check the readings on all gauges
In Cab after Start
Start engine according to manufacturersinstructions
Check readings on all gauges
Check operation of windscreen washers andwipers
Check the following are operating correctly:
service brakes
warning horn
Adjust seat to personal requirements
Adjust mirrors to give adequate vision
Check registration, licence andpermits/gazettes and associated requirements
Outside Cab
Systematically check all of the following:
tyres for inflation and wear
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
wheels for damage
tightness of wheel nuts and wedges
indicator lights
headlights (high/low beam)
park lights
hazard lights
clearance lights
plates and signs (present and visible)
windscreen cleanliness
oil leaks
exhaust leaks
vehicle posture
wheel guards and mud flaps
Service the Air Wet Tank
The following steps relating to trailercoupling checks must be completed as partof the activities you undertake in Section 3of this Learning Guide.
2. CheckTrailer Acoupling
Check the turntable and jaws for:
lubrication, if applicable
damage or wear
release lever and jaws locked
Check King Pin and skid plate for damage orwear.
Check air hoses for:
leaks or damage
coupling and support
shut off valve open
Confirm that the ABS connector plug iscorrectly fitted
Check electrical leads, plugs and connections
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
B-DOUBLE TRAILER B
Coupling Equipment B Trailer
Check the turntable and jaws for:
lubrication
damage or wear
release lever and jaws locked
Check King Pin and skid plate for damage orwear
Check air hoses for:
leaks or damage
coupling and support
shut off valve open
Confirm that the ABS connector plug wascorrectly fitted
Check electrical leads, plugs and connections
5. Checkoperationalstatus ofTrailer B
Systematically check all of the following:
clearance lamps are operating
spare wheel present
spare wheel carrier
body and chassis for damage
tyres for inflation or wear
wheels for damage
tightness of wheel nuts and wedge
wheel guard and mud flaps fordamage
wheel guard and mud flaps fordamage
Service wet air tank
Check vehicle posture
Check the load for security and confirm thecompatibility of its components
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
Check visibility of brake, indicator and tail lights
Check presence and legibility of plates and
signs
6. Record andreportresults ofPre-Departurecheck
Complete the Pre-Departure Check sheetaccording to company policy and standards
Take corrective action on those matters whichare prescribed by company policy as thedrivers responsibility
Report all other faults to the appropriatecompany personnel so that corrective actionmay be taken
7. Observe allOH&Sprocedures
Observe all Occupational Health and Safetymeasures while conducting the Pre-Departurecheck
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SecuringaLoad
Thedriverandthepersonloadingamulti-combinationvehicleare
responsibletomakesuretheloadisproperlyrestrainedbythevehicleandtrailerstructures,theirattachmentsandtheloadsecuringequipment.Thedriver,thevehicleownerandthepersonloadingamulti-combinationvehicleareresponsibletomakesureeachoftheseisserviceableandworkingproperly.
Thesethreepeoplemustalsomakesurethatthevehicleandtrailerstructures,theirattachmentsandtheloadsecuringequipmentarestrongenoughtoholdandsecuretheload.
Inallloadingactivities,youshouldrefertotheLoadRestraintGuide.Thatdocumentshowsyouallthemethodsandrequirementsofload
securing,soyoushouldkeepacopyofitwithyouatalltimes.
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Activity 2: How are loads secured on multi-combinationvehicles?
Answer the following questions on securing loads by tickingCorrect or Incorrect and giving a reason for your answer.
Study the 4 diagrams below and indicate whether they arecorrectly or incorrectly loaded:
Correct
Incorrect
Why_____________________
Correct
Incorrect
Why_____________________
Correct
Incorrect
Why_____________________
Correct
Incorrect
Why_____________________
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List the 3 areas of driver responsibility for loading a vehicle.
1. _________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________
List the 3 factors necessary to secure a load.
1. _________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________
There is feedback on this activity at the back of this LearnersGuide.
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LoadingDOsandDONTs
Thereareanumberofmethodstoproperlysecureloads,justastherearesomepracticeswhichmustneverbeused.YouwillproperlysecureloadsifyoualwaysfollowthislistofDOsandDONTs:
DO:
makesureyouhaveenoughlashingsthatareingoodconditionandstrongenoughtosecuretheload
makesurethattie-downlashingsareasneartoverticalaspossible
makesurethatdirectlashingsattachedtoloadsonwheelsarenotnearvertical
attachlashingsattierailsupportpoints
checkandre-tightenthelashingsandotherrestrainingdevicesasrequired
uselashingprotectorsonsharpedges
usewedgesandchockstoblockyourload
makesurethatloosebulkloadscannotfallorbeblownoffthevehicle
useavehiclethatisbuiltstronglyenoughforthejob
takeextremecarewhenreleasinganyfixedleverload-binder.
DONT:
usefaultyequipment
attachchainsorwebbingbetweentierailsupportpoints
tiedownloadsontogreasyordirtysteeldecks
standoverandpushdownonload-binders.
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Activity 3: Which loading and unloading methods are usedwhen securing multi-combination vehicle loads?
Your trainer will provide you with a multi-combination vehicle toload and unload in this activity. If you are unsure of what you arerequired to do, you must seek assistance and/or use the LoadRestraint Guide.
Read all of the steps in the following table that you are required todo before you start this activity.
After loading is completed, ask your trainer to check your work tomake sure that all items have been correctly loaded, and are safeto be unloaded.
Sub-tasks Steps Completed
1. Identify loadcharacteristics
Check that the tray area is suitable for theload, with adequate space and capacity
Assess the load for its transportability bychecking load markings and documentation
Check the load for Dangerous Goodscontents
Check the load components to ensure theircompatibility for transportation.
2. Identify loadlimits andsafetyrequirements
Calculate the appropriate loading sequencefor the journey, to facilitate unloading
Choose appropriate and adequate restraintsfor the task
Check that appropriate and adequate safetyequipment is securely stowed in the correct
locations on the vehicle
Confirm that the loaded vehicle will notexceed legal axle load limits, (both GVM andGCM)
Confirm that Road Transport ReformRegulations will not be exceeded
Check that the dimensions of the loadedvehicle will not exceed road safety limits forthe journey (length, width and height)
Obtain permit for the load, if required.
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3. Plan loading ofthe vehicle
Assess whether the load can be handledmanually and locate appropriate mechanicallifting aids if required
Ensure the stability of the vehicle bychecking that the vehicle can be loaded withthe centre of gravity of the load as low aspossible and along the centre line of thevehicle
Ensure that the tyres will not be overloaded
Check that the vehicle can be loaded so thatthe loads centre of mass is forward of therear axle group
Check that tie rails and anchor points are
undamaged, and the restraining equipmentwill not cause damage by chafing, crushingand over-tensioning as the load is secured
Check that pallets are of sufficient strengthfor the load
Check for damaged or leaking containers
Confirm the serviceability of load-coveringequipment, for protection in adverse weatherconditions.
4. Load thevehicle inaccordancewith the LoadRestraintGuide
Ensure that no apparent danger is present toother personnel (including all members of thepublic)
Apply the park brake, then ensure the engineis switched off if not required during theloading process
Safely position the load on the vehiclescarrying surface *
Ensure chafing and crushing of load items isavoided
Ensure sufficient friction between the loadand the vehicles carrying surface
Load pallets along the length of the vehicle
Install baulking / packing to pallets that arenot loaded close together to optimise correctload placement
Ensure all necessary signs and flags aresuitably placed for overhanging or over-
dimensional loads
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Operate mechanical loading securingequipment (where appropriate) by:
checking unit load device placements
confirming covering / restraining processis complete.
* (Use of other mechanical lifting aids isprescribed in other Learners Guides specificto that equipment.)
5. Secure theload
Ensure that lashings are tied at angles of atleast 30 to the vehicle loading surface (as
defined in the Load Restraint Guide)
Ensure that vertical movement and tipping of
the load is not possible, by placing restraintsacross the top of the load
Ensure against forward and rearwardmovement of the load, by restraining (withbaulking and lashing equipment) inaccordance with the Load Restraint Guide
Ensure against forward and rearwardmovement of the load, by passing restraintsthrough the base of the pallets (wherepossible)
Ensure that the top of each separate sectionof the load has at least one cross-lashing
Ensure that any part of the load which isabove the general height of the load has atleast two cross-lashings
Restrain the load horizontally using chocks orvertical restraints where necessary
Confirm that all ties (ropes, chains, straps,buckles, etc), are correctly tied, installed andsecured, as applicable
Ensure all gates and/or doors are correctlymounted and secured as appropriate
Fully engage all twist locks.
6. Cover the load Use appropriate materials to cover the load,ensuring load movement does not occur
Adequately secure the covering materials,ensuring protection against adverse weatherconditions or spillages in the container
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Avoid damage to covering materials causedby chafing
Ensure any loose surfaces (packaging, ties,tarpaulin and curtain flaps, etc), are securedagainst movement during transit.
7. Unload thevehicle inaccordancewith the LoadRestraint Guide
Park and secure the vehicle in a suitableposition for unloading, ensuring protection forall personnel, materials and equipment
Apply the park brake and switch off theengine
Remove load covers (where necessary) andstow safely
Safely release load restraints and stow safely
Calculate the unloading sequence and theset-down points for each item
Unload the vehicle in the pre-determinedsequence, transferring each item to its safelocation. *
* (Use of mechanical lifting aids is prescribed inother Learners Guides specific to that equipment.)
8. Observe OHS
practices
Observe and implement Occupational Health
and Safety practices, during all tasks in theloading and unloading processes, especiallyconsidering other workers, and bulk grain,livestock and liquid loads.
When you have marked all the steps as complete, discuss withyour trainer any areas of your work that require improvement tomake sure loads are secure and safe.
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Braking
Heavyvehicleswillbemoredifficulttostopunderbraking,dependingontheirsizeandtheirload.Roadandweatherconditionsaffectbrakingperformance.Thespeedofvehicleswillalsoaffectbrakingperformance,aswillthetimetakenbydriverstoreacttotheneedforbraking.Youmustconsiderallthesefactorswhendriving,especiallyasthelossofvehiclecontrol(skidding)isbothdangerousandfrequent.Forexample,theheavierthevehicle,thewettertheroad,thefasterthespeed,themoretiredthedriverandtheharderthebraking,themorelikelyskiddingwilloccur.
Asaprofessionaldriverofamulti-combinationvehicle,youwillbeawareofthedangerposedbyyourvehicleshouldyoulosecontrolofitsspeedordirection.Thefollowingbrakingrulesmustbeappliedat
alltimes:
brakeearlyandgradually
brakeinastraightline
recognisethedifferencebetweenABSandconventionalbrakingsystems
allowforthetrailersandtheirownbrakingsystems
allowfortheloads
matchyourbrakingtotheroadsurface
easeoffasthevehicleslows
testyourbrakesafterdrivingthroughwater.
Downhillspeedshouldbecontrolledbyuseofenginespeedandcorrectgearselection.Ifbrakingisnecessaryduringadescent,adrivershould,ifpossible,trytobrakeonlywhenthevehicleistravellingina
straightline.Brakingonabendincreasestheriskofskiddingandshouldusuallyonlybeusedinanemergency.Ifbrakingmustbeappliedonabend,itshouldbedoneasgentlyaspossible.
Drivinginreverse
Drivingmulti-combinationvehiclesinreverserequiresspecificskillsandisextremelydifficult,duemostlytothevehicleshavingmorethanoneindependenttrailer.However,reversingmaybetheonlywaytomanoeuvrethevehicleinloadingandunloadingareas,especiallyfor
livestock.
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However,manycircumstanceswheremulti-combinationvehiclesarereversedrelatetothecoupling,uncouplingandpositioningoftrailers.Reversingskillswillonlybeattainedafterconsiderablepractise,withcounterturnsonsteeringwheelsandthetrailershavingmindsoftheirownoftencausingdifficulty.Theabilitytoavoidtrailerjack-
knifing,especiallyoverrelativelylongerreversingdistances,willbethekeytomanyofyourdrivingtasks.
Professionaldriving
Mostroaduserswillbenon-professionaldriverswhohavenotreceivedasmuchtrainingasdriversofmulti-combinationorothercommercialvehicles.Professionaldriversarecourteousanddriveinadefensivemanner.DrivinginsuchamannerwillencourageamoretolerantattitudetowardstheRoadTransportIndustryandpeople
employedinit.Youwillhopefullyhavehelpedtoachievesomeofthistoleranceduringyourpreviousdrivingexperiences.
Adefensivedriveravoidscausingaccidentsandalsoavoidsbecominginvolvedinaccidentscausedbyotherroadusers.Defensivedriversknowandobservethelawsandregulationsrelatingtotheroad,thevehiclestheydriveandthegoodstheytransport.Thedefensivedriverispreparedtogivewaytoavoidthepossibilityofanaccident,evenifbylaw,theotherroaduserisatfault.
Defensivedrivingrequiressuperiorobservationandanticipationskills.
Driverswillneedtoknowwhatishappeningallaroundtheirvehicle.Theskillsneededfordefensivedrivinginclude:
continuouslyobserveallsituations,includinglookingasfaraheadaspossible
maintainingsafespacecushions
remainingcontinuouslyawareofthesizeofmulti-combinationvehicles
frequentlycheckingmirrors
slowingdowntonegotiatealldrivingsituations
selectingthemostappropriategearsforeachdrivingtask
tryingtoanticipatepossibledangers
acknowledgingthatotherroadusersareoftenintimidatedbymulti-combinationvehicles
usingappropriatespeeds,turningandstoppingtechniques,andwarningdevicestonegotiateandleavehazardoussituations.
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Activity 5: Which procedures are used to professionally drivemutli-combination vehicles?
During this activity, any deliberate or accidental failure to observeRoad Rules will immediately cause the activityto be terminated.In these circumstances, your trainer will not be able to assess youas a competent driver.
Where possible, the activity may be varied to cater for drivingduring anyworking hours, weather and road conditions. ForEmergency situations that obviously cannot be created, yourtrainer will check your performance by seeking descriptions ofrequired actions and/or simulation exercises.
Sub-tasks Steps Completed
1. Complete aPre-DepartureCheck
Complete checks as outlined in sub-tasks 1,3 and 5 of Activity 1.
2. Comply withall traffic lawsandregulation
Confirm that application of the engine brakeis permitted for locality of this activity.
3. Plan the route Describe the routes available, within theareas serviced, which are approved for theparticular type of vehicle.
Use a road map and/or street directory toconfirm adherence to gazette/permitapproved routes.
4. Check theload
Check that the load is correctly distributedover the axles.
Check that all lasing and baulking materialsare correctly utilised.
Check that the load is covered and thatcovers are secure.
Ensure covers will shed water away from theload and deflect head wind effect.
Ensure that all loops and rope ends aresecured.
5. Steer the
vehicle
Hold the steering wheel in the upper half of
the wheel, with hands spaced appropriately.
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
Maintain control of the vehicle
Avoid steering movements with apply/place
excessive sideways force on the vehicle andits load.
6. Applydefensivedrivingtechniques
At appropriate intersections, describe theapplication of the steps of system driving, aseach is carried out:
course driving path selection
use of mirrors
use of indicators and other signals
speed adjustment and braking
gear selection
repeated use of mirrors
taking of evasive actions.
Maintain a safe space cushion around thevehicle.
Apply and describe the six steps of systemdriving.
7. Change gears Disengage and engage the transmissionclutch smoothly.
Maintain torque by selecting appropriategears.
Change gears within manufacturersspecification.
Apply progressive gear shifting:
prior to turning a corner
ascending a hill
prior to descending a hill.
Skip shift gears where appropriate.
8. Readinstrumentsand gauges
During a series of periodic checks, describethe reading of:
road speed
RPM
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
oil pressure
coolant temperature.
9. Negotiatecorners andcurves
Position the vehicle correctly to negotiate leftand right hand curves.
Select the required gear prior to entering asharp corner.
Travel in the correct line to decreasesideways force.
Choose speeds appropriate to varying roadcambers.
Avoid braking in a corner or curve, unless inan emergency situation.
Use signals as required.
Use mirrors to check cut-in of trailers and themovement of other traffic.
Describe the variations in cut-in with trailersof different length.
10. Start on a hill Stop the vehicle on the upgrade withoutrolling back.
Position the vehicle to comply with trafficregulations.
Use mirrors to assess traffic conditions.
Start the vehicle on the upgrade withoutrolling back.
Select gear ratio to achieve smooth take-off.
Select gears to maintain specified engine
torque.
11. Drive thevehicle on adescendinggrade
Decrease speed to below that required toengage the gear necessary for the descent.
Engage required gear prior to commencingdecent.
Select a gear appropriate for the load weight.
Use speed retarders during the descent.
Use brakes only for emergencies or
unexpected conditions.
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
12. Complete astraight linestop
Plan the stopping procedure to utilise dragfrom the trailers and aid vehicle deceleration.
Brake early and gradually.
Maintain a straight line.
Allow for the load.
Match braking with road surface.
Match braking with traffic and roadconditions.
Ease of as vehicle slows.
Test brakes after passing through deepwater.
13. Reverse thevehicle in theyard
Check for hazards and obstructions in front,behind and above the vehicle.
Check that mirrors are clean and adjusted tofacilitate maximum views.
Use mirrors to maintain visibility behind andbeside the vehicle.
Use horn or warning device to indicatevehicle is about to reverse.
Choose the maximum available space tocomplete the reversing task.
Avoid accidents by reviewing the reversepath before proceeding.
Initiate trailers path direction correctly, thenadjust the Prime Mover to achieve its correctpath, avoiding tyre sledging if possible.
Reverse into required position, stoppingwhen safely aligned to loading/unloadingareas.
Take correct actions on time and with safety.
14. Park and shutdown thevehicle
Park the vehicle in a location approved bythe company policy or Road Law, and applyall park brakes.
Confirm that the engine has had an adequateperiod to cool down, especially for the turbo-charger, then switch off engine.
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Sub-tasks Steps Completed
Chock the vehicle wheels as appropriate for
the selected location, and check vehicle andload status according to company policy.
15. Observe OHSpractices
Observe and implement Occupational Healthand Safety practices when driving a multi-combination vehicle.
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Section 2
How are trailers of multi-combination vehicles coupledand uncoupled under licensetesting conditions?
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Section outline
Areascoveredinthissection
Couplingtrailers
Uncouplingtrailers
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Couplinganduncouplingtrailers
Thesafetyandsecurityofcouplingtrailerstoprimemoversorotherrigidvehiclesiscritical.Therefore,theserviceabilityofcouplingparts
andthecheckingofthecouplingfunctioncannotbestressedtoomuch.
Tasksyouwillberequiredtoundertakewhencouplinginclude:
positioningtowingvehicle
inspectingandpreparingcouplingparts/equipment
stabilisingthepositionofthetrailerinpreparationforcoupling
adjustingthetrailerheightandaligningthecouplingparts
positioningdollies
couplingthetrailers
applyingtrailerbrakes,thentestingconnections
securingcouplingequipmentandrelatedtools.
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Activity 6: What procedures are used to couple and uncoupletrailers?
Your trainer will provide you with a prime mover suitable forcoupling to a given trailer. You are required to complete thecoupling, then discuss this activity with your trainer.
Sub-tasks Steps Completed
1. Couple a dolly Check that Trailer A coupling jaws are openand that the pin is up.
Check that the dolly drawbar is adjusted tothe correct tow coupling height.
Use mirrors to ensure that the first trailer isin line with the dolly.
Check that the dolly wheels are in line.
Reverse into the drawbar, then visuallycheck the coupling pin to confirm thatcoupling has been completed.
Conduct a trailer tug test.
Connect air hoses and electrical cables.
Wind up the legs.
2. Uncouple dolly Disconnect air hoses and electrical cables.
Ensure dolly park brakes are applied.
Lower the trailer legs and check the stabilityof the dolly drawbar.
Lift the pin to allow uncoupling.
Drive forward to clear dolly drawbar.
3. Observe OH&Sprocedures
Observe all Occupational Health and Safetyprocedures while uncoupling the dolly.
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Feedback onactivities
The responses provided in this section are suggested responses.Because every workplace is different, your responses may varyaccording to your specific workplace procedures, the equipmentavailable and the nature of the business.
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Activity 2: How are loads secured on articulated vehicles?
Study the 4 diagrams below and indicate whether they are
correctly or incorrectly loaded:
Correct Incorrect X
Why Good Load Spread
Correct X
Incorrect Why Load too far rearward
Correct X
Incorrect Why Load too far forward
Correct Incorrect X
Why Load correctly positioned
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Activity 4: How do drivers control trailer skids?
Answer the following questions on controlling skids by describingthe actions to be taken in each case:
1. What are the three steps to take when controlling a drive wheelskid?
1. Ease off accelerator or brakes
2. Steer front wheel towardsdirection of skid
3. When skidding has stopped,gently re-apply the acceleratoror brakes.
2. What are the two actions you need to perform when controllinga trailer wheel skid?
1. Release brakes to regain
trailer wheel traction
2. Lightly tap accelerator if safe todo so
3. Check the setting of the trailerbrake proportioning valve, iffitted.