TLA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY CONFERENCE 2016 Delhi

MAKE IN INDIA : NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY

ARUN KUMAR Professor and MNRE Chair Professor

Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee,

E-mail : aheciitr.ak@gmail.com, akumafah@iitr.ac.in

April 15, 2016

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

Courtesy Source: MOP, MNRE, CEA, CERC & different presentations

All India Installed Capacity (in MW)

Source: MOP, MNRE Total installed capacity 42,771 (March 2016)

Gross Generation 1011 BUs ( April,15 – Feb.16)

Per Capita Consumption 987 kWh / Annum (2014-15)

Energy Shortage About 1.7 % (Feb.2016)

Peaking Shortage About 1.9 %

Ranks third in the world in total electricity generation after china and USA

In next 12 years India’s electricity requirement to grow 2.5 times

India is dependent on oil imports for 80% of its demand

Climate Change is also an important issue

Present Status

3

• Renewable Energy sector in India has emerged as a significant player in the grid connected power generation

• There is a visible impact of renewable energy in the Indian energy scenario.

• Renewables are generating over 65 billion units per year; contributing 6.5% in the total electricity mix.

• India’s RE programme is primarily driven by private sector with business opportunities that now exceed US $ 6.0 billion per year.

2,906

3,178

3,518

4,880

5,311

6,160 8,088

10,256 12,402

14,791 16,817

19,974

24,914

28,067

31,702

35,834

[VALUE]

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

Renewable Energy Installed Capacity – Growth in India

Years

Inst

alle

d C

apac

ity

(MW

)

4

Renewable Energy: Credentials

Harnessed 04.8% of the estimated potential

5th Position in overall RE Capacity Installations world-wide

5th largest Wind installed capacity world-wide

2nd largest number of installed Biogas plants

6 million decentralized systems in use

Renewable is the second largest source of power generation after thermal.

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Renewable Power Potential

S. No.

Resource Estimated Potential (In MW.)

1. Wind Power (as per C-WET estimates at 80 m hub height)

~ 100,000

2. Solar Energy > 748,980

30-50 MW/ sq. km.

3. Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW) 20,000

4. Bio-Power:

Agro-Residues 17,000

Cogeneration - Bagasse 5,000

Waste to Energy: - Municipal Solid Waste to Energy

- Industrial Waste to Energy

2,600 1,280

Total >8,94,860

Costs of many power supply technologies decreased substantially, some can already compete with conventional technologies.

IPCC AR5-2014

175 GW

5 GW 10 GW

60 GW

100 GW

Solar Wind Biomass Small Hydro

Road Map for Renewable Power by 2022

100 GW

40 GW 30 GW

10 GW

20 GW

Solar Park Unemployed Youth/Farmers

Govt./States/ Private/Others

Solar Rooftop

Road Map for Solar Power by 2022

Balancing Requirement for Renewable Growth

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India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC)

•To reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35% by 2030 from 2005 level

•To achieve about 40% cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel based energy resources by 2030

•To create additional Carbon Sink of 2.5-3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent

Projected Energy Mix by 2030

Source Capacity (GW)

Solar 150

Wind 85

Thermal 479

Gas 25

Hydro 75

Nuclear 15

Biomass 12

Waste 2

Total 843

Enablers identified for 175 GW

Waste & Barren Land

Low Cost, Long Tenure Capital

Transmission Grid (Inter & Intra-State)

Policy & Regulatory Framework

Improvement in Financial Health of DISCOMs

Support Mechanism for Renewable Power In India

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State RE policies a. State level renewable and solar policies

b. Significant capacities under state policies

Demand supply gap to continue to affect power

availability

a. Expected to increase in coming 2-3 years due to lack of present investments in power sector

Exemptions and other incentives

a. 100% exemption in Excise Duty for many RE project components.

b. Concessional Customs Duty of 5% for selected RE project components

c. 10 year tax holiday

RPOs & RECs a. RPOs are mandated by the Electricity Act 2003 and NTP

b. RPOs adopted by 26 SERCs

c. REC mechanism launched to fulfil the RPO obligations Accelerated Depreciation

(AD) and Generation based incentive

a. Key instrument for success of wind in India

Feed in Tariffs/ Preferential Tariffs

a. Preferred by developers because it enhances project bankability.

b. Introduced by almost all states for RE technologies

Technology Status - Wind

• Technology trends towards up-scaling of wind turbine size

• Rotor diameter of 120m and capacities ranging from 5 to 7 MW

• World’s largest wind turbine of unit size 7 MW developed and installed in Germany.

• Current average installation trends

- Global : 1.5 - 2.5 MW unit size

- India : 1.0 -2.0 MW unit size

• Global research areas

- Off shore applications

- large scale grid integration issues

- wind forecasting

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4.2 MW Wind Farm Project set up in Chitradurga District, Karnataka

Wind Power Technology in India

Well established technology up to 2.5 MW single turbine

Wind turbines of late 80s : 250 kW unit size ; 30 m rotor diam.

Current:

o 250-2000 kW unit size being manufactured and installed in the

country

o 40 turbine models, 18 manufacturers

o 70 % indigenization achieved upto 500 kW. Import contents high

in higher capacity machines.

o Critical components such as gear box, rotor blades, generators,

controllers indigenized in last few years

o World-class manufacturing companies Exports to USA, Australia,

China, South Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka

o Annual production capacity of 5000 MW, more than 60% export 15

(Source: MNRE , National Institute of Wind Energy)

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Solar Mission

Original Targets 20,000 MW grid by 2022 2,000 MW off-grid by 2022 20 million households covered by solar lighting 20 m sq meter of solar thermal

Objectives Achieve grid parity by 2022 Increase domestic manufacturing capacity Develop eco system for solar industry Develop manpower Support R & D

Revised Targets 100,000 MW grid by 2022 60,000 MW from large plants and 40,000 MW from Roof Top by 2022

Solar Manufacturing

World-class manufacturing companies

Major global companies setting up base due to National Solar Mission

Annual production capacity

750 MW of PV Cells

1250 MW of PV Modules

Mega Capacity Solar Parks under progress

50 MW solar energy project Phalodi, Jodhpur, Rajasthan

Charanka Solar Power, Gujarat

3

Largest rooftop plant in the world on single roof (12.4 MWp)

• 12.4 MWp rooftop plant installed in a single roof.

• Another 7.1 MWp on seven different roofs in the campus.

• Cumulative 19.5 MWp rooftop systems in the campus of Dera Beas, Amritsar in Punjab.

150 kWp solar rooftop on a Curved Roof in a Metro Station in Faridabad

Small Hydro Power

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Potential : over 20,000 MW Achievement : 4,273 MW

Private sector participation

Performance based incentivisation for State sector / NE

10 equipment manufacturers including global leaders

Availability of contractors and consultants

Types of Hydropower Reservoir Based Hydropower

Canal Fall Based

Pumped storage

Run of River:

Archimedes screw

18.5 kW using 50 MLD of Kabitkhedi STP Indore Municipal Corporation (IMC) on BOOT basis for 25 years

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Bio-Energy Technologies

Biomass Combustion

Biomass used in boilers to generate heat/ steam to drive turbine for generating electricity.

Biomass Cogeneration

Simultaneous production of heat / steam and electricity

These technologies are fairly well established in the country.

Efficiencies of boilers / turbines comparable to best in the world.

Biomass Gasification

Conversion of woody and non-woody biomass such as Rice husk, cotton stalks, wood chips etc. to producer gas

Technology successfully developed indigenously.

Bagasse Cogeneration

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Potential : 5000 MW Achievement : 3108 MW Promotion of BOOT/BOLT model in cooperative sector sugar mills. Promotion of optimum cogeneration potential in small size sugar mills (<2500 TCD). About 9 leading manufacturers for boilers to support Bagasse Cogeneration and Biomass based power projects

Evolution of Thinking

2010

2000

1990

1980

1970

1960

1950

1940 Engineers

Economists

Environmentalists

Sociologists

Resettled People

Upstream/Downstream

Finally!

GHG

Peculiarities of Regional Grid in India

5/12/2016 S C Shrivastava, CERC 30

PSH sites Numbers Capacity (MW)

Developed 11 4804

Under Development 6 3680

Total Identified 63 96524

PSH POTENTIAL SITE LOCATION

32

THANK YOU