TKT Unit 24: TKT Unit 24: Selection and use Selection and use of supplementary of supplementary

materials materials and activitiesand activities

Supplementary Supplementary materialsmaterials

• are books and other materials are books and other materials we can use in addition to the we can use in addition to the coursebook.coursebook.

• include skills development include skills development materials, grammar, materials, grammar, vocabulary and phonology vocabulary and phonology practice materials, collections practice materials, collections of communicative activities of communicative activities and teacher’s resource and teacher’s resource materials.materials.

• Supplementary materials may Supplementary materials may come from authentic sources, for come from authentic sources, for example, newspaper and example, newspaper and magazine articles, video, etc.magazine articles, video, etc.

• Some coursebook packages Some coursebook packages include supplementary materials include supplementary materials and activities, especially and activities, especially designed to fit the coursebook designed to fit the coursebook syllabus, and there are also many syllabus, and there are also many websites where you can download websites where you can download supplementary materials.supplementary materials.

Selecting supplementary Selecting supplementary materials and activitiesmaterials and activities

• By recognising that we need By recognising that we need something more than (or something more than (or different from) the material in different from) the material in the coursebook,the coursebook,

• By knowing where to find the By knowing where to find the most appropriate kinds of most appropriate kinds of material.material.

Reasons for using Reasons for using supplementary supplementary

materialsmaterials• To replace unsuitable material in the To replace unsuitable material in the

coursebookcoursebook• To fill gaps in the coursebookTo fill gaps in the coursebook• To provide suitable material for To provide suitable material for

learners’ particular needs and learners’ particular needs and interestsinterests

• To give learners extra language or To give learners extra language or skill practiceskill practice

• To add variety to our teachingTo add variety to our teaching

The most common situations where The most common situations where supplementary materials are useful supplementary materials are useful include when the textbookinclude when the textbook::

• provides insufficient or ineffective provides insufficient or ineffective examplesexamples

• provides too few examplesprovides too few examples• is too simple or complex for your is too simple or complex for your

studentsstudents• fails to cover an item of language at allfails to cover an item of language at all• can't be conveniently or logically suited can't be conveniently or logically suited

to a complete class due to time to a complete class due to time constraintsconstraints

Coursebook vs Coursebook vs supplementary materialssupplementary materials

• Coursebooks are organised Coursebooks are organised according to a syllabus, and are according to a syllabus, and are often often gradedgraded (= grammatical (= grammatical structuresstructures, etc. are presented in , etc. are presented in a helpful sequence for learning) a helpful sequence for learning) so that Ss’ knowledge of the so that Ss’ knowledge of the language builds up step by step language builds up step by step through the book.through the book.

• Supplementary materials and Supplementary materials and activities can activities can provide provide variety in lessons variety in lessons and and useful useful extra practiceextra practice, but it is , but it is important to make sure that important to make sure that they they fit into the learners’ fit into the learners’ programmeprogramme, are , are suitable for suitable for the classthe class and and match the aims match the aims of a particular lessonsof a particular lessons..

• Supplementary materials and Supplementary materials and activities activities will not totally will not totally replace coursebooks.replace coursebooks.

Task 1Task 1• In your worksheet there is a list In your worksheet there is a list

of supplementary materials. of supplementary materials. Discuss with your partner what Discuss with your partner what their advantages and their advantages and disadvantages are. disadvantages are.

Class library of readersClass library of readers

AdvantagesAdvantages• Encourages Encourages

extensive extensive readingreading

• Gives learners Gives learners confidenceconfidence

• Learners work Learners work at their own at their own pace.pace.

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• LanguageLanguage

sometimes too sometimes too simplesimple and may and may not be not be challengingchallenging

• Language too Language too difficult and may difficult and may be discouragingbe discouraging

Skill practice booksSkill practice books

AdvantagesAdvantages• Focuses on Focuses on

individual individual skillsskills

• Learners can Learners can work at their work at their own pace and own pace and thus gain thus gain confidenceconfidence

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• May not fit May not fit

aims in the aims in the syllabus syllabus and/or and/or coursebookcoursebook

• May not May not provide useful provide useful feedbackfeedback

Teacher’s resource booksTeacher’s resource books

AdvantagesAdvantages• New ideas for New ideas for

lessons for lessons for teachersteachers

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• May not suit May not suit

lesson aims, lesson aims, learners’ levels, learners’ levels, needs / interests, needs / interests, cultural cultural background, and background, and styles of learningstyles of learning

WebsitesWebsitesAdvantagesAdvantages

• New ideas for New ideas for lessons for lessons for teachersteachers

• Variety of Variety of lesson plans, lesson plans, teaching teaching materials, materials, other other resourcesresources

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

• May not suit May not suit lesson aims, lesson aims, learners’ levels, learners’ levels, needs / interests, needs / interests, etc. etc.

• Sometimes Sometimes difficult to find the difficult to find the right materials for right materials for the learnersthe learners

VideoVideo

AdvantagesAdvantages• Provides Provides

visual contextvisual context• Source of Source of

cultural cultural informationinformation

• Shows body Shows body languagelanguage

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• Equipment may Equipment may

not always be not always be availableavailable

• Language may Language may not be gradednot be graded

• Lack of cultural Lack of cultural background background

Language practice booksLanguage practice books

AdvantagesAdvantages• Extra practiceExtra practice• Learners can Learners can

work alone work alone without without teacher’s help teacher’s help ((autonomyautonomy// autonomousautonomous learners)learners)

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• Repetitive Repetitive

exercisesexercises• Little or no Little or no

context context

Electronic materialsElectronic materials

AdvantagesAdvantages• MotivationMotivation• Familiar Familiar

technology for technology for learnerslearners

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• Difficult for Difficult for

teacher to teacher to control how control how learners are learners are workingworking

• Little or no Little or no human human feedbackfeedback

GamesGames

AdvantagesAdvantages

• EnjoymentEnjoyment• Language Language

practicepractice

DisadvantagesDisadvantages• May not May not

suitable for suitable for older learnersolder learners

• Problems with Problems with other classes other classes (noise) (noise)

Key conceptsKey concepts

• Get to know Get to know what what supplementary materials are supplementary materials are available available in your school.in your school.

• Use a questionnaire or Use a questionnaire or interviews for interviews for needs analysis needs analysis at at the beginning of the course to the beginning of the course to find out what you’ll do to add to find out what you’ll do to add to the coursebook when you are the coursebook when you are planning your scheme of work.planning your scheme of work.

Key concepts 2Key concepts 2

• Supplementary language practice Supplementary language practice materials are not always materials are not always accompanied by teacher’s books, accompanied by teacher’s books, and the aims of activities may and the aims of activities may not be clear. Therefore, when not be clear. Therefore, when selecting material, you need to selecting material, you need to think about think about how it will replace or how it will replace or improve materials in your improve materials in your coursebookcoursebook..

Key concepts 3Key concepts 3

• It may be useful to It may be useful to use use authentic materialauthentic material, which is , which is not designed for a not designed for a particular level, in order to particular level, in order to give learners the give learners the experience of working with experience of working with more challenging texts and more challenging texts and tasks.tasks.

Key concepts 4Key concepts 4

• The activities in materials designed The activities in materials designed to develop individual skills to develop individual skills often often include the use of other skillsinclude the use of other skills, e.g. , e.g. learners need to read a text before learners need to read a text before they carry out a listening task, or they carry out a listening task, or to do some writing as a follow-up to do some writing as a follow-up activity after a speaking activity. activity after a speaking activity. When selecting materials and When selecting materials and activities, activities, think carefully about all think carefully about all the skills that are requiredthe skills that are required..

Key concepts 5Key concepts 5• Many publishers produce Many publishers produce

materials for practising separate materials for practising separate language skills at different levels. language skills at different levels. Teacher’s resource books, too, Teacher’s resource books, too, usually list tasks and activities usually list tasks and activities according to level. However, you according to level. However, you should should check how appropriate the check how appropriate the level is for your learnerslevel is for your learners. Think . Think about about the language they will the language they will need to understand or to need to understand or to produceproduce. .

Use of supplementary Use of supplementary materials and activitiesmaterials and activities

• Learners get used to the Learners get used to the methodology in their methodology in their coursebook. If you are using coursebook. If you are using supplementary materials supplementary materials with different procedures, with different procedures, you may need to you may need to give special give special attention to instructionsattention to instructions..

Use of supplementary Use of supplementary materials and activities materials and activities

22

•You can You can adaptadapt many many supplementary materials for use supplementary materials for use with classes at different levels. with classes at different levels. The texts used in these The texts used in these materials may not be graded, materials may not be graded, but you can but you can grade the activities grade the activities by making the learners’ tasks by making the learners’ tasks more or less challengingmore or less challenging..

Use of supplementary Use of supplementary materials and activities materials and activities

33

• Games and extra communicative Games and extra communicative activities can provide activities can provide variety and variety and make learning funmake learning fun. But you need . But you need to to think about your reasons for think about your reasons for using themusing them, so that your lesson , so that your lesson still has a clear purpose. Older still has a clear purpose. Older learners may want to know why learners may want to know why they are doing these activities.they are doing these activities.

Thank you;-).Thank you;-).