Titration: The determination of the volume of a reagent required to bring a definite reaction to completion.The analytical balance used in quantitative macro analysis can be used for weighing objects not heavier than 100-200g to a precision of 0.0002g, i.e., 0.2g.Ques.: Why watch glass is used for measuring chemicals? Why can't we directly keep it on the balance pans?Ans.: 1. Balance pans are made up of light metal and are nickel plated or coated with gold or platinum oxidation. Substances should not be put directly because it spoils the balance.2. Chemicals can react with the coating or the metal they are kept on.

Ques.: For weighing object must be of the same temperature as the balance. Why?Ans.: If a hotter or colder object is placed on a balance pan, this has the effect of lengthening or shortening the corresponding arm of the beam resulting in incorrect readings. Standard Solution: A solution whose concentration is known is called a Standard Solution.Normality: It is defined as the number of gram-equivalents of solute per litre of solution.Molecular Mass of Compounds:1. Hydrochloric acid HCl : 36.52. Sulphuric acid H2SO4 : 983. Acetic acid CH3COOH : 604. Oxalic Acid COOH-COOH.2H2O : 1265. Sodium hydroxide NaOH : 406. Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 : 1067. Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 : 84

Molarity: Molarity of a solution may be defined as the number of gram moles of solute per litre of the solution.Molar Solution: A solution containing one gram mole of a solute per litre of solution is called molar solution.Mother Liquor: The liquid left behind after the separation of crystals from a saturated solution is known as mother liquor.Blue Vitriol: CuSO4.5H2O: crystalline copper sulphate.Chemical Equation: COOH-COOH (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) > COONa-COONa (aq) + 2H20 (l)