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PipePatrol E-RTTM State of the Art Leak and Theft Detection

Max Ihring

2018-07-04

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Agenda

1. Introduction - Pipeline leak detection

2. PipePatrol E-RTTM

3. Real World Findings

4. Summary

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Max Ihring Product Management PipePatrol

KROHNE Oil and Gas B.V.

Minvervum 7441

4817 ZG Breda

The Netherlands

Tel.: +31 (0)76 711 2091

Mobil: +49 (0)177 2094 177

Fax: +31 (0)76 711 2007

m.ihring@krohne.com

www.krohne.com

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KROHNE Group Facts and figures Supplier of innovative products, solutions and services for

the process industry

Founded 1921 in Duisburg, Germany

100% family-owned

2017 turnover: 495.3 mio. EUR (incl. joint ventures)

>3,700 employees

>350 employees in R&D

14 production facilities in 11 countries

44 KROHNE companies and joint ventures

55 representatives

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KROHNE Group – Product portfolio Overview

Flow measurement Level measurement Pressure measurement

Analysis products Communications Temperature measurement

KROHNE Services Systems for marine industry Systems for oil and gas industry

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

Dr.Geiger founded

Magnum GmbH in

Germany, supplying

model based LDS for

German industries

Prof.Dr.Geiger founded

the LDS research

institute at the

University of Applied

Sciences in

Gelsenkirchen to

develop new LDS

technology for BP

KROHNE starts

cooperating with the

LDS institute. First LDS

"Gallileo" with RTTM

technology installed at

BP Germany in 2000.

KROHNE releases new

“PipePatrol” flagship

LDS with E-RTTM

technology to

customers.

1987 1997 1999 2003

NATO choses

PipePatrol as LDS for

European Pipeline

Network in Belgium

PipePatrol monitors

over 100 pipelines

PipePatrol monitors

over 330 pipelines

2009 2010 2018

History

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Introduction - Pipeline leak detection Transportation infrastructure: Crude oil and ethylene

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Regulations and standards Official leak detection system requirements

Leak detection system Contents of requirement Compliant

TRFL Technical rules for pipelines

API RP 1130 Computational pipeline monitoring for liquids

API RP 1175 Pipeline leak detection – program management

API RP 1149 Pipeline variable uncertainties and their effects on leak detection

49 CFR 195 Transport of hazardous liquids via pipeline

CSA Z662 Oil and gas pipelines

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Regulations and standards Performance criteria according to API 1130

Sensitivity

Detect small leaks fast

Typical smallest detectable leak rate approx. 0.5% (nom. flow)

Very fast detection time for small leaks, typically < 10min

Reliability

Produce no false alarms

Exceptionally low false alarm rate (<2 per year)

Reliable detection of smallest leaks

Robustness

Does not shut down the leak detection if a component fails

Robust hardware with redundancy options

Fall back strategy if sensors fail

Accuracy

Calculate accurate leak rate and position

Leak localisation accuracy typically between 1% und 2% of section length

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Causes of leaks

Fatigue cracks

Stress corrosion

Hydrogen indexing

Material manufacturing errors

External influence

Out

F

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Product Theft and Illegal Tapping It happens often…

Concawe Report 2018

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Product Theft and Illegal Tapping …and it is easy

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Agenda

1. Introduction - Pipeline leak detection

2. PipePatrol E-RTTM

3. Real World Findings

4. Summary

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

Avoidance of false alarm:

High alarm limit

Long detection time

Classic leak signature

caused by compressibility

Flow outlet,

flowmeter

Flow inlet,

flowmeter

Traditional balancing

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

Based on principle of statistical pattern recognition

Stage 1: RTTM

• Uses process model ("virtual pipeline") to create pattern

Stage 2: E, Extended

• Addition of signature analysis to detect leaks and avoid false

alarms

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

E-RTTM method, 1st stage:

• Fully dynamic, real-time process model calculates leak free target values

• Based on the method of characteristics which is considered the most accurate method for one-

dimensional flows in pipelines

Geometry pipeline,

elevation profile

Material quality,

properties

of the product p • V = N • kB • T

Virtual pipeline

Thermodynamic

equation of state

Partial differential

equations conservation of

mass, conservation of

energy, conservation of

momentum

Online

measurements Online

measurements

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

Pattern generation using RTTM

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

• False alarms are expensive (shutting down the line, the processes, flaring of the product)

• Guaranteed < 2 false alarms per year, customers have gone 10 years without a false alarm

No leak

signature Leak

signature

No leak

signature

Drift?

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

Providing primary and complementary or

alternative LDS

Allows installation as redundant LDS and backup

LDS for disaster recovery

Allows individual optimization to installation

environment

Significantly improves performance

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Product information

Possibility of combining methods

• Improves accuracy, robustness and reliability

Gradient Intersection Method

s

p

Negative Pressure Wave Method

t

s

t

s

Extended Negative Pressure Wave Method

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Agenda

1. Introduction - Pipeline leak detection

2. PipePatrol E-RTTM

3. Real World Findings

4. Summary

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Real World Findings Product Theft on Multiproduct Pipeline

Application

8” 116 km refined multiproduct pipeline

Scope of “Turn Key” service

Delivery of instrumentation (KROHNE OPTISONIC 3400 UFM)

Delivery of optimized data acquisition and communication system

Delivery of PipePatrol LDS hardware and software

Configuration, installation and optimization of LDS

Maintenance Contract including:

365d/24h emergency hotline

Continuous training for supervisor and operators

Regular maintenance, health check and continuous system improvement

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Customer was subject to product theft Results of PipePatrol E-RTTM

Detected incident:

Product thefts took place during shut-in phase

PipePatrol extended negative pressure wave detected

and located the theft

Location: 10.877m

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Customer was subject to product theft Results of PipePatrol E-RTTM

Detected incident:

Product thefts took place during shut-in phase

PipePatrol extended negative pressure wave detected

and located the theft

Location: 11.380m

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Customer was subject to product theft Results of PipePatrol E-RTTM

Detected incident:

Product thefts took place during shut-in phase

PipePatrol extended negative pressure wave detected

and located the theft

Location: 4.500m

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Customer was subject to product theft Results of PipePatrol E-RTTM

Detected incident:

Product theft installation broke during start-up causing a

leak

PipePatrol E-RTTM detected and located the leak after 4

minutes

Location: 21.500m

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Customer was subject to product theft Results of PipePatrol E-RTTM

Detected incident:

Product theft installation broke during pigging with leak

detection pig

PipePatrol E-RTTM detected and located the leak after 3

minutes

Location: 20.180m

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Where do you prefer to steal? Results PipePatrol E-RTTM

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Continuous improvement of our

product:

Leak location identification support by

Email Message Alarm Reporting and

Google Earth Integration

Improved algorithms for localization

implemented

Advantage to our customers “Experience is the teacher of all things.“*

*Julius Caesar, 'De Bello Civili' (c. 52 B.C.).

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Result of Leak Detection Plan Combined efforts lead to success

Implemented Leak Detection Strategy confirmed:

Acceptance of system in control room through E-RTTM no false

alarms operation

Fast and reliable detection and localization of leaks and product

theft

Operators trained to understand LDS data

24h/365d support by KROHNE

Thefts caught in the act with a 2m3 tank in a truck and arrested

Leak volume and environmental impact minimized at real leak

situation (0.6m3 to alarm)

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PipePatrol E-RTTM Agenda

1. Introduction - Pipeline leak detection

2. PipePatrol E-RTTM

3. Real World Findings

4. Summary

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Summary PipePatrol E-RTTM

Reliable leak detection using PipePatrol

E-RTTM by KROHNE

Continuous and robust monitoring

during all pipeline operating conditions

with the help of classic sensors and multiple API1130 methods

In many cases, E-RTTM systems are already in use and have

been certified by an independent third party audit

Optimization and continuous support of KROHNE during lifetime

of the system

Support and guidance by KROHNE to fulfil and exceed legal

requirements

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Summary PipePatrol successful installations

330 installations

In more than 20 countries

No false alarms

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Summary 300+ references

Reference projects

• Gas (including non-ideal sub-critical and

supercritical/ dense phase gases)

• Single product liquids

• Crude oil

• Multi-product liquids (including refined

products)

• LPG, LNG

• Brine

• (Waste) Water

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Summary More Information

All documents available in our download

center:

www.krohne.com/downloadcenter

E-Learning: Pipeline Leak Detection

www.academy-online.krohne.com

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Grazie per l'attenzione!