Tissues Cole Wilson
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Transcript of Tissues Cole Wilson
Epithelial Tissue
• Epithelial tissue covers the whole surface of the body.
• It is made of closely packed cells that are arranged in one or more layers.
• They are divided into two groups, simple and stratified.
• Epithelial tissues duties are those of secretion, absorption, sensation and protection.
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Simple Squamous
• Cells flattened laterally with a sparse cytoplasm.
• Thin and permeable, this epithelium is located where filtration or exchanging of substances by rapid diffusion.
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Stratified Squamous
• The most common form of stratified epithelia.
• Composed of several layers that are thick and suited for
protection of the body. • This epithelium is constantly
damaged and is subject to
regeneration often. • This epithelium covers your
whole body and extends a short distance into each body opening.
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Simple Columnar
• Single layer of small closely packed cells, aligned in a row.
• It lines all of the digestive tracts from the stomach to the rectum.
• These cells absorb and secrete materials.
• Display cilia on their surfaces that help them to move substances through the digestive tracts.
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PsuedoStratified Columnar
• Cells lay on the basement membrane and only the tallest of them reach the free surface of the epithelium.
• These cells are generally unspecialized and give rise to taller cells.
• They do absorb and secrete substance like the simple
columnar cells.
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Simple Cubiodal
• Single layer of cells as tall as they are wide.
• The spherical nuclei stain darkly, which makes them look like beads.
• These cells primary duties are secretion and absorption.
• This form of epithelium is found mainly in the smallest ducts of glands and also in the kidney tubules.
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Stratified Cuboidal
• A epithelium that is found rarely in the body.
• It is found mainly in ducts and some of the larger glands.
• It usually consists of two layers of cuboidal cells.
• This type of epithelial is found in transitional area between two other types of epithelia.
• Its only apical layers of cells are columnar.
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Transitional Epithelium
- Forms linings of the urinary organs, which stretch as they fill with urine.
- The apical cells vary in appearance and depending degree of the organs distension.
- When the organs are full of urine the cells go from about six layers to three.
- The ability for these cells to change form allows a greater volume of urine to flow through to tube like organ.
- In the bladder it allows more urine to be stored.
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Nervous Tissue
• This is the main component in the nervous system.
• It connects the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves.
• These regulate our body and control
our functions. • Neurons, which are common in
nervous tissue, are specialized nerve cells that generate and control nerve impulses.
• The branches and webs that form nervous tissue are one of the most important items in our body.
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Muscle Tissue
• Tissue that has the ability to contract and pull in order to conduct the desired movements.
• Muscle tissue is characterized by both voluntary and involuntary and then striated or smooth
• From these classifications three main classes of muscle tissue come forth. The three classes are smooth involuntary, striated voluntary, and striated involuntary.
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Skeletal
• Tissue put in connective tissue sheets that are attached to the bones from the skeleton.
• Theses types of muscle form the flesh of the body.
• As these muscles contract, they pull on bones or skin causing the body to move.
• Skeletal muscles are long, cylindrical cells that contain an abundance of nuclei.
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Smooth
• The smooth muscle cells, as individuals are spindle shaped and the have one centrally located nucleus.
• Smooth muscle cells are found primarily in the walls of hollow organs such as digestive tract and urinary tract organs.
• It contracts to squeeze substances through these types of organs.
• It contracts in intervals of contracting then relaxing.
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Cardiac
• Found in the wall of the heart.
• As this muscle contracts it pumps blood through blood vessels to all parts of the body.
• Cardiac muscles although the same as skeletal muscles in ways they also differ.
• Cardiac cells are uninucleate and are branching cells that fit together tightly at specific points.
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Connective Tissue
• Class of tissue that is mainly an exclusion of certain tissues. It is not a definite definition.
• Duties are mainly structure and support.
• It is identified commonly by its characteristic of non-living tissue.
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Hyaline
• Hyaline or Gristle the most common type of cartilage in the body.
• It contains large amounts of collagen fibers.
• The matrix of this substance appears
amorphous and glassy. • Hyaline provides stringy pads that
absorb compression at the joints.• A majority of the embryonic
skeleton is formed of hyaline before the bone is formed.
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Fibrocartilage
• Perfect structural intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense regular connective tissue.
• It has rows of chondrocytes alternating with rows of thick collagen fibers.
• This allows this type of cartilage to be compressible and resist tension well.
• It is found where strong support and the ability to withstand great force.
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Elastic
• Almost identical to hyaline cartilage.
• This contains many more elastin fibers than in hyaline cartilage.
• Cartilage found where extreme flexibility is needed.
• It also forms the structure for the outer ear and the epiglottis.
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Dense Regular
• One variety of dense connective tissues, all of which have fibers as their predominant element.
• Dense regular connective tissues contain closely packed bundles of collagen fibers running in the same direction, parallel of the direction of the pull.
• These white, flexible fibers with great resistance to tension are crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts that continuously manufacture the fibers and scant ground substance.
• This type of tissue has fewer cells than other fibroblasts and is poorly vascularized.
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Dense Irregular
• The same structural elements as the regular variety.
• The bundles of collagen fibers are much thicker and they are arranged irregularly.
• This type of tissue is in sheets that are formed to deal with tension that is created in many different directions.
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Loose Reticular
• Resemble areolar tissue but the only fibers in its matrix are reticular.
• These fibers lie scattered and are widely distributed in the body.
• The cells are found in the lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow.
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Loose Adipose
• Similar to areolar tissue in structure and function but its nutrient storing ability is much greater.
• The matrix of this cell is scanty and the cells are packed closely together.
• A form of oil occupies the cells volume and displaces the nucleus to one side of the cytoplasm.
• These cells can become some of the largest cells in the body.
• Adipose tissue is richly vascularized and it has high metabolic activity.
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Loose Areolar
• Shared by some of the other connective tissues, its duty is to support, bind and hold bogy fluids.
• It also functions to defend the body against infection and storing nutrients.
• This type of tissue is made obvious by its loose arrangement of its
fibers.
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Blood
• Bodily fluid found within blood vessels and it is the most atypical connective tissue.
• Although it doesn’t connect things in your body it does produce mesenchyme and it consists of blood cells.
• Blood consists of a matrix called blood plasma, which carries the blood cells.
• Blood has a wide variety of cells. The cells that are most common in blood are red blood cells, and scattered white blood cells.
• Blood functions as a transport for the cardiovascular system, carrying nutrients, wastes, respiratory gases, and
many other substances.
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Bone
• Osseous tissue has an outstanding ability to support and protect body structures and functions.
• Bones also provide areas for blood cells to synthesize and fat to store.
• Bones matrices are that of cartilage but much harder and rougher
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