Tissue Repair
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Transcript of Tissue Repair
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Tissue Repair
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Regeneration of injured cells by cells of same type, for example regeneration of skin/oral mucosa
Replacement by fibrous tissue (fibroplasia, scar formation)
Both require cell growth, differentiation, and cell-matrix interaction
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Varieties of Proliferative Potential
Stable (quiescent) cells:◦Normally little proliferation but remain
capable of more rapid cell division following injury.
◦Liver, kidney, pancreas, endothelium, fibroblasts
◦Chances of regeneration are GOOD
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Varieties of Proliferative Potential
Labile (always dividing) cells: ◦Replace dying cells◦Epithelial cells of the skin, oral cavity,
exocrine ducts, and GI tract; endometrial and bone marrow cells.
◦Chances of regeneration are EXCELLENT
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Varieties of Proliferative Potential
Permanent (non-dividing ) cells:◦Not capable of proliferation.◦Irreversible injury leads only to scar◦Nerve cells, myocardium, skeletal
muscle,
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Cell Cycle
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Cell Signaling PatternsAutocrine = ligand is secreted and
detected by same cell
Paracrine = ligand is secreted and separately detected by neighboring cells
Endocrine = ligands (usually hormones) are secreted into the vasculature to affect distant target cells
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Wound healing
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Healing by first intension (primary)This occurs in clean, incised
wound with good apposition of the edges.
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24 hours
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3 to 7 days
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WEEKs
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Healing by second intension(secondary)
This occurs in open wound, particularly when there has been significant loss of tissue , necrosis or infection
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24 hours
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3 to 7 days
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WEEKs
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FIBROSISFibrosis, in general, refers to any
fibroblast proliferation with deposition of excess extracellular matrix which is mostly collagen.
Leads to functional loss.It is the end result of wound
healing
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This is a healing biopsy site on the skin seen a week following the excision, The skin surface has re-epithelialized, and below this is granulation tissue with small capillaries and fibroblasts forming collagen.
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Complications of Wounds
• Deficient scar formation – wound dehiscence/ ulceration
• Excess repair – keloid formation
• Excess contraction – joint contractures/ intra-abdominal adhesions
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