Timor-Leste AME EDUCATION SECTOR PROFILE. Education Structure Timor-Leste Source: UNESCO Institute...
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Transcript of Timor-Leste AME EDUCATION SECTOR PROFILE. Education Structure Timor-Leste Source: UNESCO Institute...
Education Structure
Timor-Leste
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, World Bank EdStats
Education System Structure and Enrollments 2006
Education Structure
Source: UNESCO UIS, World Bank EdStats
Timor-Leste
• Almost 30% of children enrolled in primary education are over-age for their grade of attendance.
% Net Enrollments
% Gross Enrollments
Classification Level/Grade Ages 2006 2005
Pre-primary Pre-school 4-5 N/A 10%
Pre-university
Primary, grades 1-6 6-11 63% 91%*
Lower Secondary, grades 7-9 12-14
35.0% 68%
Upper Secondary, grades 10-12 15-17
23.0% 37%
TVET Secondary, grades 10-12 15-17
N/A 4%
Tertiary Post secondary study 18-22 N/A 10%**
* Primary gross enrollment data from 2007. * *Tertiary data from 2002..
Population Structure
Timor-Leste
Source: T-L Living Standard Survey 2001, CIA Factbook, UNESCO 2008
• 74% of the population of Timor-Leste is under 25 years old. • With country fertility rate of 3% yearly, the youthful proportion of the population will continue to pressure the education system for another decade or more.
Relevant Policies:
1. National Development Plan 2002
2. Strategic Plan for Universal Primary Completion by 2015, 2005
3. Education and Training: Priorities and Proposed Sector Investment
Program 2005
4. EFA Fast Track Initiative Award, $8.2 million, 2006-2008
www.educationfasttrack.org
Policies are available at:
http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/format_liste1_en.php?Chp2=Tajikistan
Education Policy
Timor-Leste
Education Access: Pre-university
• All levels of education are increasing enrollments. •Secondary level is increasing at a faster rate, 18.7%, than primary level at 11.3%.
Source: UNESCO UIS, World Bank EdStats
Timor-Leste
Education Access: Tertiary
Timor-Leste
•Tertiary enrollment information for Timor-Leste is very limited.
• The single public university, the National University of East Timor, re-opened in 2000 and continues to receive heavy donor support.
•A single data entry for tertiary education is available: 6,349 individuals were enrolled at the public university in 2002.
•18 private institutions offer tertiary education of varying degrees of quality due to a lack of regulatory mechanisms in place.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Google.com
Education Access: Gender
•Girls’ and boys’ enrollments appear to be dropping at nearly an equal rate. • Gender parity at this level is .96.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. World Bank EdStats
Timor-Leste
Education Access: Gender
• Females and males have made similar enrollment gains at lower secondary since 2000 (16.7% and 17.3% respectively). •Females at upper secondary do not enroll in large numbers.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Timor-Leste
Education Quality: Teachers
Timor-Leste
Source: T-L Primary School Achievement Study 2003, UNESCO (2008)
• The majority of teachers (66%) have upper secondary or post-secondary technical-vocational education.• The majority of teacher training is offered by small private universities and NGOs and is of sometimes dubious quality.
Education Quality: Completion
• Primary completion information is reported for one year: 2007.
• Less than 50% of primary children complete grade 6.• Girls and boys complete primary education in equal
numbers.
Timor-Leste
Source: World Bank EdStats
Total 69.3%Male 69.4%Female 69.2%
Education Quality: Testing
Source: World Bank (2004) Education Since Independence
Timor-Leste
• Timor-Leste has not participated in TIMSS.
• In 2003, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Youth and Sports conducted a Primary School Achievement Survey for math with 3rd and 4th graders. • Third graders answered 28% and 4th graders answered 37% of questions correctly suggesting that children are not learning grade-appropriate knowledge in math.
Education Equity: Gender/ Geographic Disparities
Timor-Leste
• Almost 85% of out-of-school children are from rural areas which also contain the largest proportion of children in the country.
Dili/Baucau
Other Urban
RuralCenter
RuralEast
RuralWest
% of school age population 12.5 9.9 39.8 18.8 18.9% of out-of-school children 8.0 7.4 45.9 20.6 18.1
Source: T-L Living Standard Survey 2001
Education Equity: Income Disparities
Source: T-L Living Standard Survey 2001
Timor-Leste
• The largest proportion of out-of-school children are the poorest and youngest. • 32% of the poorest and 26% of the richest out-of-school children, aged 7-12, say they have ‘no interest’ to be in school.
Education Equity: Academic Disparities
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Timor-Leste
• Timor-Leste does not focus extensively on technical and vocational training programs at the secondary level.
2004 2005
General academic programs 95.5% 96.3%
Technical/vocational programs 4.5% 3.7%
Total Students 73005 74822
Education Efficiency: Expenditure
Source: World Bank Education at a Glance
Timor-Leste
• Timor-Leste is the biggest spender in the region on education as a percentage of GDP and public money.
Education Efficiency: Expenditure
• The education budget in Timor-Leste is almost equally divided among levels.
Source: World Bank EdStats
Timor-Leste
Education Efficiency: Repetition
Source: World Bank 2008
Timor-Leste
• Repetition is a serious problem despite the high rates of funding the country allocates to education.
Education Efficiency: Repetition
Source: World Bank 2008
Timor-Leste
• Between 20-25% of primary students repeat grades.
Education Efficiency: Private Tutoring
• No information about private tutoring is available.
• Volunteer teachers in the system however, remain an issue at all levels. Volunteers are paid by parents and school-raised funds and are often of poor academic quality.
• One in three teachers at the senior secondary level is a volunteer as the government has difficulty recruiting qualified candidates for secondary education posts.
Source: World Bank (2004)
Timor-Leste
Education: Conclusion
Successes:• Access: Increasing enrollments at all pre-university levels.
• Quality:
• Equity: Gender parity at primary.
• Efficiency: High level of education funding and well-divided between levels.
Challenges:
• Access: Declining primary enrollments and low completion rates. Low tertiary capacity. • Quality: Poor teacher academic qualifications. High rates of repetition and drop-out all levels. • Equity: Low primary access rate for low income and rural groups. Low female access rate at upper secondary.
• Efficiency: A system of ‘volunteer ‘ teachers all levels especially upper secondary.
Timor-Leste