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Drug and Our Youth— Focus on Prevention

Drug and Our Youth— Focus on Prevention

© 2002 International Educational FoundationIEF is responsible for the content of this presentation only

if it has not been altered from the original.

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Strategies in theFight Against DrugsStrategies in theFight Against Drugs

1. Law enforcement,Interdiction & Treatment Need more

resources Poor results

2. Prevention Needs less

resources Promising results

1. Law enforcement,Interdiction & Treatment Need more

resources Poor results

2. Prevention Needs less

resources Promising results

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Curiosity Peer pressure Change mood

or sensation Pleasure Enhance

performance

Curiosity Peer pressure Change mood

or sensation Pleasure Enhance

performance

Conventional Reasons Why People Begin to Take Drugs

Conventional Reasons Why People Begin to Take Drugs

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Media InfluenceMedia Influence

Glamorizes drug abuseRoad to popularity

and maturity

Glamorizes drug abuseRoad to popularity

and maturity

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Information About Dangers — Poor Deterrent

Information About Dangers — Poor Deterrent

Need to focus on root causes of drug use

Need to focus on root causes of drug use

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Substitute for the fulfillmentof basic life goals

Mature character Loving relationships Contribution to

society

Substitute for the fulfillmentof basic life goals

Mature character Loving relationships Contribution to

society

Primary Reasons People

Begin to Take Drugs

Primary Reasons People

Begin to Take Drugs

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Choices on the Way to MaturityChoices on the Way to Maturity

Desire for

Maturity

Desire for

Maturity

Make

Effort

Make

Effort

Take Drug

Take Drug

Mature CharacterMature

Character

Self-Destruction

Self-Destruction

Self-RespectSelf-Respect

False Self-Esteem

False Self-Esteem

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Low moral standard

Disrespect for elders’ guidance

Poor self-discipline

Irresponsibility

Low moral standard

Disrespect for elders’ guidance

Poor self-discipline

Irresponsibility

Susceptibility to drug

abuse

Susceptibility to drug

abuse

Risk Factors — Weak CharacterRisk Factors — Weak Character

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Protective Factors — Strong CharacterProtective Factors — Strong Character

High moral standard

Respect for elders’ guidance

Self-discipline Responsibility

High moral standard

Respect for elders’ guidance

Self-discipline Responsibility

Power to resist drugs

Power to resist drugs

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Disturbed emotions

Impaired intellect Weakened will

Disturbed emotions

Impaired intellect Weakened will

Drugs Hinder Personal GrowthDrugs Hinder Personal Growth

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“I thought if I gave up marijuana and drinking then everything would somehow be all right. But the reality was that I had all the same problems that I did as when I started.”

“I thought if I gave up marijuana and drinking then everything would somehow be all right. But the reality was that I had all the same problems that I did as when I started.”

Former Drug AddictFormer Drug Addict

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Choices on the Way to LoveChoices on the Way to Love

Desire for

Contribution

Desire for

Contribution

Make

Effort

Make

Effort

Take Drug

Take Drug

Healthy Relationships

Healthy Relationships

Isolation & LonelinessIsolation & Loneliness

Real Interaction & Belonging

Real Interaction & Belonging

False Sociabil

ity &

Sense of

Belonging

False Sociabil

ity &

Sense of

Belonging

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Drugs as a Substitute for LoveDrugs as a Substitute for Love

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Lack of parental love Lack of parental

discipline Drug abuse by family

members Violence

Lack of parental love Lack of parental

discipline Drug abuse by family

members Violence

Susceptibility to

drug abuse

Susceptibility to

drug abuse

Risk Factors —Dysfunctional Family

Risk Factors —Dysfunctional Family

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Parental Love Proper

discipline Drug–free

family members Harmony

Parental Love Proper

discipline Drug–free

family members Harmony

Power to resist drugsPower to resist drugs

Protective Factors — Sound Family

Protective Factors — Sound Family

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Choices on the Way to MasteryChoices on the Way to Mastery

Desire for

Contribution

Desire for

Contribution

Make

Effort

Make

Effort

Take Drug

Take Drug

Success

in Life

Success

in Life

Loss of Control over Life

Loss of Control over Life

Sense of Competence

Sense of Competence

Illusion of

Competence

Illusion of

Competence

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Risk Factors —

Social Deficiencies

Risk Factors —

Social Deficiencies

Ineffective schools Few career opportunities Lack of constructive

recreation

Ineffective schools Few career opportunities Lack of constructive

recreation

Susceptibility to drug abuseSusceptibility to drug abuse

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Effective schools Many career

opportunities Creative recreation

Effective schools Many career

opportunities Creative recreation

Power to resist drugsPower to

resist drugs

Protective Factors — Healthy Societies

Protective Factors — Healthy Societies

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Freedom & Drug UseFreedom & Drug Use

Free WillFree Will

Be Respon-

sible

Be Respon-

sible

Take

Drugs

Take

Drugs

True Freedom & Success

True Freedom & Success

Loss of Freedom

& Addiction

Loss of Freedom

& Addiction

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Life–affirming exhilaration

Original joy desired

Life–affirming exhilaration

Original joy desired

Natural “Highs”Natural “Highs”

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Natural High Reinforces

successful behavior

Encourages growth

Enhances well-being

Natural High Reinforces

successful behavior

Encourages growth

Enhances well-being

Drugged High Reinforces

addictive behavior

Short-circuits growth

Deteriorateswell-being

Drugged High Reinforces

addictive behavior

Short-circuits growth

Deteriorateswell-being

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“Drug use is a misguided attempt to find the meaning of life [that gives] users a false and temporary sense of power and control. The drug problem is fundamentally a moral [one]…”

William Bennett, former director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy

“Drug use is a misguided attempt to find the meaning of life [that gives] users a false and temporary sense of power and control. The drug problem is fundamentally a moral [one]…”

William Bennett, former director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy

Drugs — A Moral ProblemDrugs — A Moral Problem

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Balanced EducationBalanced Education

Cultivation of the Heart

Cultivation of the Heart

Educationin NormsEducationin Norms

Educationfor MasteryEducation

for Mastery

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Prevention WorksPrevention Works

Reduction of Demand

Reduction of Demand

Strong Character Strong Families Healthy Society

Strong Character Strong Families Healthy Society

Promotion ofHealthy Life-styles

Promotion ofHealthy Life-styles

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American 12th Graders

Using Drugs In Past Years

American 12th Graders

Using Drugs In Past Years

0%0%

10%10%

20%20%

30%30%

40%40%

50%50%

60%60%

70%70%1975

1975

1979

1979

1985

1985

1992

1992

1995

1995

Prevention Can SucceedPrevention Can Succeed

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Stimulant

Sharpens and

accelerate functions

Stimulant

Sharpens and

accelerate functions

Depressants

Dull and slow

Depressants

Dull and slow

Major Psychoactive Drugs

Major Psychoactive Drugs

Psychedelics

Alter perception

Psychedelics

Alter perception

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CocaineCocaine

Illusion of well-being Extremely addictive Cardiac arrest or lung

failure

Illusion of well-being Extremely addictive Cardiac arrest or lung

failure

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Sense of power

Psychological dependence

Psychosis Stroke or

heart failure

Sense of power

Psychological dependence

Psychosis Stroke or

heart failure

AmphetaminesAmphetamines

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Heroin Heroin

Blocks pain andgives pleasure

Extremely addictive

Coma or cardiac arrest

Needles spread AIDS

Blocks pain andgives pleasure

Extremely addictive

Coma or cardiac arrest

Needles spread AIDS

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Impaired memoryand low motivation

Lung damage Laced with other

drugs

Impaired memoryand low motivation

Lung damage Laced with other

drugs

MarijuanaMarijuana

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LSDLSD

Hallucinations Panic,

paranoiaand flashback

Hallucinations Panic,

paranoiaand flashback

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PCPPCP

Delusions Violence Temporary

insanity

Delusions Violence Temporary

insanity

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Cause exhilaration

Poisonous Common

among young adolescents

Cause exhilaration

Poisonous Common

among young adolescents

InhalantsInhalants

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Alcohol Tobacco Marijua

na

Alcohol Tobacco Marijua

na

Gateway Drugs and YouthGateway Drugs and Youth

Heroin

Cocaine

PCP

Heroin

Cocaine

PCP

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TobaccoTobacco

Addictive Kills three million

annually worldwideSource: World

HealthOrganization

Lung and heart disease

Addictive Kills three million

annually worldwideSource: World

HealthOrganization

Lung and heart disease

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Alcohol AbuseAlcohol Abuse

Impairs judgement and coordination

Lowers inhibitions

Causes birth defects and liver damage

Impairs judgement and coordination

Lowers inhibitions

Causes birth defects and liver damage

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10 millionmarijuana users

2.1 million lifetime heroin usersSource: U.S. Department

of Health and Human Services, 1994

10 millionmarijuana users

2.1 million lifetime heroin usersSource: U.S. Department

of Health and Human Services, 1994

Current U.S. Drug UseCurrent U.S. Drug Use12.6 million illicit drug users12.6 million illicit drug users

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Doubled among 12-17 year olds, 1992-95Source: 1994, U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services

Doubled among 12-17 year olds, 1992-95Source: 1994, U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services

Drug AbuseAmong U.S. ChildrenDrug AbuseAmong U.S. Children

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380,00 drug addicts in 1995 Almost 30 tons of illicit

drugs seized between 1991-1995

Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1994

Projected to have the world’s largest number of addicts by 1998 Heroin is increasingly

popular in major cities

Source: New York Times, Nov 11, 1995

380,00 drug addicts in 1995 Almost 30 tons of illicit

drugs seized between 1991-1995

Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1994

Projected to have the world’s largest number of addicts by 1998 Heroin is increasingly

popular in major cities

Source: New York Times, Nov 11, 1995

China’s Drug ProblemChina’s Drug Problem

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Process of Physical and Emotional Dependence

Process of Physical and Emotional Dependence

Experimentation

Experimentation

Casual UseCasual Use

Habit & Tolerance More needed for same effectHabit & Tolerance More needed for same effect

Addiction Withdrawal painfulAddiction Withdrawal painful

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Absenteeism & poor performance

Change on eating or sleeping

Hostility Self-destructive behavior Depression

Absenteeism & poor performance

Change on eating or sleeping

Hostility Self-destructive behavior Depression

General Signs of Drug AbuseGeneral Signs of Drug Abuse

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DenialDenial

Defense mechanism to avoid recognizing

damage Moves from

consciousto unconscious

Defense mechanism to avoid recognizing

damage Moves from

consciousto unconscious

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“After you take ‘crack’ [cocaine] for a while, you don’t want to stop until all the money is gone, until you have no choice.”

“After you take ‘crack’ [cocaine] for a while, you don’t want to stop until all the money is gone, until you have no choice.”

‘Crack’ cocaine user‘Crack’ cocaine user

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Physical Convulsi

ons Vomiting Cramps Pain

Physical Convulsi

ons Vomiting Cramps Pain

Psychological

Paranoia Delirium Depression Flashbacks

Psychological

Paranoia Delirium Depression Flashbacks

Withdrawal SymptomsWithdrawal Symptoms

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Drug Abuse —Never a Private Matter

Drug Abuse —Never a Private Matter

For every addict Many individuals

suffer Society pays

For every addict Many individuals

suffer Society pays

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Avoid dealing with life issues

No incentive to develop character

Drug takes over personality

Avoid dealing with life issues

No incentive to develop character

Drug takes over personality

Stunting of Personal DevelopmentStunting of Personal Development

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Impair learningand development

Tied to school drop–out rates

Impair learningand development

Tied to school drop–out rates

Drugs — Destructive to LearningDrugs — Destructive to Learning

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Domestic Violenceand Substance Abuse

Domestic Violenceand Substance Abuse

50% of all spousal abuse linked to intoxicants

50% of all spousal abuse linked to intoxicants

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Exploitative relationships

Tendency to isolation Social skills

Exploitative relationships

Tendency to isolation Social skills

Stunting of Personal DevelopmentStunting of Personal Development

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70% of all New York heroin addicts test positive for the HIV virus

70% of all New York heroin addicts test positive for the HIV virus

Injecting DrugsSpread HIV Infection

Injecting DrugsSpread HIV Infection

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“This woman was pregnant, she was prostituting, was HIV positive and had a $250-a-day habit.”

AIDS Patient

“This woman was pregnant, she was prostituting, was HIV positive and had a $250-a-day habit.”

AIDS Patient

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Cost of U.S. Drug Abuse — $300 Billion Annually

Cost of U.S. Drug Abuse — $300 Billion Annually

Health care Lost productivity Crime Law enforcement

Source: Senate Confirmation Hearings for National Drug Control Policy Director, Feb 28, 1996

Health care Lost productivity Crime Law enforcement

Source: Senate Confirmation Hearings for National Drug Control Policy Director, Feb 28, 1996

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Cost to Industry —More than $100 Billion

Cost to Industry —More than $100 Billion

Absenteeism Mistakes Reduced

productionSource: Darryl

Sinaba, et. al., Uppers Downers and All Arounders, 1994

Absenteeism Mistakes Reduced

productionSource: Darryl

Sinaba, et. al., Uppers Downers and All Arounders, 1994

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Worldwide Trade in Illegal DrugsWorldwide Trade in Illegal Drugs

$500 Billion a year industry$500 Billion a year industry