Tim Hill
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An Overview of HS&E Issues for CCS Tim Hill Vice-chair CCSA Group Head Environmental Modelling Power Technology E.ON UK
Transcript of Tim Hill
An Overview of HS&E Issues for CCS
Tim Hill Vice-chair CCSA
Group Head Environmental Modelling
Power Technology
E.ON UK
Content
• Overview CCSA•Context: CCS in the UK• What are the issues for HS&E?•Existing experience •Areas for development
Officers of the CCSA
•President: Lord Ron Oxburgh
•Chairman: Gardiner Hill, BP
•Vice Chairs: Tim Hill, E.ON – UK
Peter Whitton, Progressive Energy
•CEO: Jeff Chapman
•Co. Secretary: David Green OBE
•Head of Marketing: Emma Penney
Founder Members
• Air Products• Alstom Power• AMEC• BP• ConocoPhillips• E-ON
• Mitsui Babcock• Progressive Energy• Schlumberger• Scottish & Southern
Energy• Shell
New Members
• BG Group• BGS• BOC• Chevron• Climate Change Capital• Coal Authority• Denton Wilde Sapte• DNV• Drax Power• ERM• Herbert Smith
• Independent Resources• Linklaters• Nexen Exploration• Norton Rose• PWC• Renew Tees Valley• Rio Tinto• RWE• Scottish Ctre for Carbon Storage• Statoil• Watson Farley & Williams
What is the CCSA?
It is:A Business Association formed in the UK to represent the interests of its members in the development of business in geo-CCS wherever opportunities may exist.
It is not:A technical forum, a
professional institute or an environmental or climate campaign group.
Work Streams
•Public Perception•Regulatory•Incentives•Project & Technical
Summary of activities
•Recognise CCS in EU ETS•Establish M&V protocol•Establish licensing procedures•Ensure capacity in New Entrant Reserve•Meanwhile establish CDM position & methodology•Bridging incentives for early projects• Health, Safety & Environment
CO2 Capture, Transportation and Storage
CAPTURE Transportation Well InjectionStorage
Power PlantH2 plantHC streamsChemical IndustryI&S, cement
PipelineShipLorry
OffshoreOnshoreHC reservoirsSaline Aquifers
CO2 Capture, Transportation and Storage
CAPTURE Transportation Well InjectionStorage
PhysicalChemicalImpurities1-50 barChemicals
CO2 100 bar in pipe SC phaseRail/Road/Ship CO2 liquidSome impurities
100 bar InjectionOffshoreOnshore
Proposed UK Projects•Pre-combustion capture from gas in a 450MWe project at Peterhead by SSE/BP and others•Pre-combustion capture from coal in an 800MWe IGCC by Progressive Energy at Teesside•450MWe precombustion capture project by E.ON at Killingholme, Humberside.•Post-combustion or oxyfuel capture from coal by RWE in a 1000Mwe project at Tilbury •A 500MWe supercritical capture ready retrofit by Scottish & Southern Energy at Ferrybridge
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G as fie lds and saline aquifers
O il fie lds and saline aquifers
G as p ipeline access to N Sea
O il p ipeline access to N Sea
CO2 v Nat Gas in NTS • NG pressure up to 86 bar, CO2 70 -140 bar• Density CO2 ~ 700 kg/m3• In 2004 - 81 Mt NG transported, 334k t/day• 8600 km NTS pipework• 500 MW power plant – 1-2 CO2 Mt pa • 50 – 500 km pipelines ( few to 200 km onshore )• Current NTS transports a mass ~ roughly same as that
that could be captured from all power plant
What’s new about CCS?
• Big volumes CO2 produced on land and transported long distances•Integrating chemical & power plant• Large volumes of some chemicals•Handling high pressure supercritical CO2 •Permanent storage of large volumes of CO2•Requires a new infrastructure
What experience is there already?
• Capture of CO2 from flue gas / nat gas• Large scale CO2 pipeline transportation – US 3000 km• Injection CO2 > 1Mt pa , Sleipner, In Salah, US > 40 Mt pa• CO2 in nat gas, considerable operating experience - well control, blowouts, corrosion issues• Handling of amines and other capture chemicals
Standards
• UK – no standards specific to CO2 pipes – standards for other gases applied• Standards exist for sub-critical tank storage CO2• US – DOT code Pt 195 Transportation of Hazardous Liquids by Pipeline:-Specifically covers safety standards, reporting, - high pressure CO2, includes specs for pipeline material, laying, valves, venting, handling and pumping etc.
Health & Environment I
• CO2 health effects well understood• Chemicals covered by COSHH regs• Dispersion of CO2 from high pressure pipelines or tanks less information for risk analysis-Solid and gas phases on decompression- high energy release- Cold dense gas• Materials failure due to CO2 corrosion
Health & Environment II
•Safety of controlled releases e.g pipeline purge•Impurities with CO2 e.g. H2S• CO2 migration to potable ground water-Deep injection into saline aquifers ( onshore )-Risks low of upwards migration• Onshore geo-injection legislation not specific to CO2• Leakage risk assessment methodology
Incident Stats in US 1986 - 2001
Pipeline Nat Gas Haz. Liquids CO2
(1990-2001)
Incidents no.
1287 3035 10
Fatalities 58 36 0
Injuries 217 249 0
Incidents per 1000 km pipeline, per year
0.17 0.82 0.32
U.S DOT Statistics
R&D • EU Framework 6&7 programmes
- HSE issues covered in many projects-Zero Emissions Technology Platform –HSE issues identified for FP7•CCP oil company led consortium•CCSA members R&D programmes•US EPRI, DoE • IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D programme• UK Research Councils
Gaps Summary
• Regulatory & legal framework• Safety standards for pipelines, facilities• H&S of sc CO2 releases• Environmental effects – CO2 geological migration• Risk assessment methodology for leakage from storage site
Way Forward
• Regulators work with Industry• Look for, learn from or use existing best practice • Adapt to the UK situation• Build on existing UK practices and guidance• Learn by doing - ‘first of a kind’ projects give a focus for HS&E work
Dr Jeff ChapmanChief Executive
The Carbon Capture & Storage AssociationSuites 142-152
Grosvenor Gardens House35/37 Grosvenor Gardens
London, SW1W 0BSUnited Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 20 7821 0528Fax: +44 (0) 20 7828 0310Mob: +44 (0) 7747 761 065
Email: [email protected]
