Tight Oil Impact on Desalter Operations - coqa-inc.org Tight Oil Impact on Desalter Operations COQA...

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Tight Oil Impact on Desalter Operations

COQA Meeting New Orleans8 November 2012

Dennis Haynes

Copyright© 2012 Nalco Company. All rights reserved

Sourcing of Hydrocarbon2


Variability of Hydrocarbon

Two samples of ‘Eagle Ford’ API 45 and API 57

Variations of tight oil samples Brown, Yellow, Green, and Orange

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Potential Issues Around the Desalter

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Gravity SettlingSettling Factor A basic start to the discussion

Sf = Ability of a droplet to settle through another phase

ρw = Density of water (brine)ρo = Density of the oilμ = Viscosity of the oil

( ρ - ρ ) = w o

μSf

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Gravity Settling6


Gravity Settling7


Gravity Settling8


Gravity Settling 9


Interfacial Tension

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Water Drop Evaluation

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Water Drop Evaluation

90 degrees C3500V for 8 min at outset

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Droplet Diameter and Mixing Energy

V = Relative velocity of water droplet fallingthrough oil

D = Diameter of water dropletK = ConstantSf = Ability of a droplet to settle through

another phase

Stokes’ Law

V = K D2 Sf

Mix Valve Optimization

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Additive ImpactsDiscussed at AFPM 2012 P&P Session and

3rd Opportunity Crudes Conference

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Amine Impacts

Elevation of Brine effluent pH experienced due to amines observed during operations

Minimization of Wash Water pH Optional technique

Lordo, S. A., Garcia, J. M., Garcia-Swofford, S. “Desalter Acidification Additives and Their Potential Impacts on Crude Units”, NACE Paper 08556

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Bakken Crude Analysis

Test Results

API Gravity @ 60°F 42.1

Karl Fischer Water 0.078 %

Solids ASTM 110 PTB

Acid Number 0.1

Chlorides (Cl) 40 ppm

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Bakken Crude AnalysisElement ppmAluminum (Al) 0.02Barium (Ba) 0.02Calcium (Ca) 0.54Chromium (Cr) 0.01Cobalt (Co) <0Copper (Cu) <0Iron (Fe) 0.7Magnesium (Mg) 0.05Manganese (Mn) 0Molybdenum (Mo) <0.1Nickel (Ni) 0.05Potassium (K) 0.1Sodium (Na) 2.8Strontium (Sr) 0.03Titanium (Ti) <0Vanadium (V) 0.02Zinc (Zn) 1.1

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Bakken Related DepositElement Weight %

C 32.1O 38.4

Na 0.4Al 0.4S 6.1

Cl 0.1K 0.2

Ca 0.5Sr 7.4Ba 14.3

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Bakken Related Deposit

Element Weight %

C 30.3O 16.8Al 0.2S 4.9

Cl 1.1I 1.7

Pb 44.9

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Eagle Ford Crude Analysis

Test Results

API Gravity @ 60°F 58.0

Karl Fischer Water 0.202 %

Solids ASTM 22 PTB

Acid Number <0.1

Chlorides (Cl) 23 ppm

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Eagle Ford Crude AnalysisElement ppmAluminum (Al) 0.33Barium (Ba) 0.21Calcium (Ca) 9.8Chromium (Cr) <0.02Cobalt (Co) <0.1Copper (Cu) 0.07Iron (Fe) 2.3Magnesium (Mg) 0.34Manganese (Mn) <0.02Molybdenum (Mo) <0.6Nickel (Ni) <0.14Potassium (K) 0.5Sodium (Na) 12Strontium (Sr) 1.5Titanium (Ti) <0.4Vanadium (V) <0.05Zinc (Zn) 0.25

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Stability Index Analysis

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Stability Index Analysis

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CSI

Val

ue

CSI

Val

ue


Stability Index AnalysisCSI Values of Cold Lake / Eagleford BlendsCSI Values of Cold Lake / Eagleford Blends

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CSI

Val

ue

CSI

Val

ue


Interface and Effluent

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Asphaltene Impact on Brine

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Asphaltene Stabilizer (EF:CL 50:50)

Blank Stabilizer A1x 2x 4x

Stabilizer B1x 2x 4x

Stabilizer C1x 2x 4x

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Key items

Desalter optimization

Crude stability testing

High pH tolerant demulsifier

Asphaltene stabilization Via blending Via stabilizer

Solids removal

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Acknowledgements

Sam Lordo

Keith Gawrys

Paul Lindemuth

Michael Braden

John Garcia

Jeffery Hubbard

Tannon Woodson

Brad Mason

Kailash Sawhney

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Disclaimer: The contents of this document are, to the best of our knowledge, accurate at the date of publication. We shall not be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever resulting from reliance on its contents. All warranties as to fitness for purpose or otherwise (howsoever made or implied) in respect of this publication are excluded.

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