TIERRAS: an AIRES package to simulate high energy cosmic ray showers underground and underwater
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underground and underwater Matías Tueros Instituto de Física La Plata – Universidad Nacional de La Plata XLIVth Rencontres du Moriond La Thuile , Italy – February 1-8 , 2009
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Matías Tueros Instituto de Física La Plata – Universidad Nacional de La Plata. XLIVth Rencontres du Moriond La Thuile , Italy – February 1-8 , 2009. TIERRAS: an AIRES package to simulate high energy cosmic ray showers underground and underwater. AIRES: Extended Air Shower Simulator. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of TIERRAS: an AIRES package to simulate high energy cosmic ray showers underground and underwater
TIERRAS: an AIRES package to simulate high energy cosmic ray showers underground and
underwater
Matías Tueros
Instituto de Física La Plata – Universidad Nacional de La Plata XLIVth Rencontres du Moriond
La Thuile , Italy – February 1-8 , 2009
AIRES: Extended Air Shower Simulator Used by several collaborations on the Cosmic
Ray community for the last 10 years. Fast, stable, portable and with a small output,
it is ideal for applications that require a huge amount of simulations to improve statistics.
Sybill, QGSJET and QGSJET-II models for high energy hadronic interactions. EPOS is to be added on the next release. MOCCA extended low energy interactions model.
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
TIERRAS: Original Aim & Scope
Continue cosmic ray shower simulations 3m underground (540 g/cm-2) to calculate muon lateral distributions (for AMIGA muon counters)
Use the several thousands AIRES showers already simulated up to ground level.
Use only one simulation software: same physics, same output, same interface with the detector simulation at gound level.
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Module DescriptionTIERRAS is currently implemeted as several AIRES
Special Primary modules
Modified “Atmospheres” for propagation: Soil, Standard Rock, Standard Sea Water and Ice
Use the AIRES propagation routines/physics butModified LPM Effect RoutinesModified Dielectric Suppression RoutinesCaveat: AIRES Misses Muon induced spallation!
TIERRAS underestimates Muon Energy deposit above 2 TeV (Not a problem for AMIGA as on a 10EeV shower, all muons outside of the core are below 500 GeV at ground level)
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Muon Energy Loss
TIERRAS simulation
Usual parametrizations
Muon Flux
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
• MACRO experiment• TIERRAS
(of muon at ground)
Sample Results: AMIGA Depth
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground at Array)
Is an upgrade to the Auger Observatory consisting of
A 27.5 km2 infill of the array, to take the detection threshold of the observatory down to 1x1017 eV.
30 m2 muon counters burried 3m underground to determine the muon content of the showers for mass composition studies.
AIRES + UndergroundShower + AbovegroundShower
1 EeV Vertical Shower, 10-6 thinning, 3m of soil
Muon Lateral DistributionUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Muon/Electron ratioUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Number of GammasUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
AIRESTIERRASUndergroundShower
TIERRASAbovegroundShower
Regain continuity
Ground level
Simulation End(upgoing particles that would have been producedare missing)
Energy of GammasUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Total Energy Mean Energy
Number of GammasUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
1 EeV Proton 1 EeV Iron
Mean Muon EnergyUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
1 EeV Proton 1 EeV Iron
•Start an upgoing shower
•Continue an Airshower Underground
•Continue an Underground Shower on air
•TIERRAS code
•Start an upgoing or downgoing neutrino or exotic shower
•AIRES 2.8.4 code
TIERRAS: Evolving Aim & Scope
Fast particle propagation through dense homogeneous medium.
Applications for shallow (< 3 k.w.e) underground, underwater and underice sites for detector design, detector simulation input, detector calibration and results analysis.
Upgoing and skimming neutrino or exotic particles induced hadronic and electromagnetic showers.
Earth and moon albedo simulations.
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Sample Result: Antares Depth
Energy spectrum of 2TeV muons and all its secondaries propagated through 3 km of sea water, without thinning. Only 2 seconds per muon on my 2Ghz celeron, 7 years old Laptop!
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
Comparison data from V. A. Kudryavtsev, arXiv:0810.4635v1 25 Oct 2008
Sample Result: LPM on e- from e
LPM effect and Dielectric suppression are very important on standard rock above 77 TeV!
Idea from S. Klein, arXiv:0412546v1 21 Dec 2004
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
100s m!
Outlook: a new simulation tool
A beta release version is available upon request for evaluation and testing
Include hard muonic processes and neutrino propagation for very deep simulations is possible, and might be done if sufficient interest from users arises.
Still necessary to validate physics results for Neutrons, Pions and other particles, but looking good.
Independent tests and comparisons with other codes are most welcome!
Underground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
This is not the end, my friend
Electrons to Muons ratioUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
1 EeV Iron1 EeV Proton
Total Number of ParticlesUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
1 EeV Proton 1 EeV Iron
Number of ElectronsUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
1 EeV Proton 1 EeV Iron
Number of NeutronsUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
1 EeV Proton 1 EeV Iron
Electron Lateral DistributionUnderground Shower Simulations – MJ Tueros [email protected]
