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TI DLP Pico Technology for Aftermarket Head-up Displays
Application ReportDLPA073ASeptember 2016Revised September 2016
TI DLP Pico Technology for Aftermarket Head-upDisplays
Vivek Thakur and John Ferri
ABSTRACTAdvances in consumer display technology present the opportunity to equip any automobile withaftermarket head-up display (AM-HUD) solutions. The objective of this application report is to help productdevelopers design aftermarket head-up displays incorporating Texas Instruments DLP Picotechnology.
Contents1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 22 Applicable Documents ...................................................................................................... 23 Terminology .................................................................................................................. 24 AM-HUD Key Requirements ............................................................................................... 55 AM-HUD System............................................................................................................. 86 AM-HUD System Design Trade-Offs...................................................................................... 97 Electronic System .......................................................................................................... 148 Conclusions and Getting Started......................................................................................... 15
List of Figures
1 Projector HUD................................................................................................................ 22 Teleprompter HUD .......................................................................................................... 33 Augmented HUD............................................................................................................. 34 HUD Diagram ................................................................................................................ 45 HUD Eyebox and Field of View ............................................................................................ 56 Field of View (FOV) ......................................................................................................... 57 Number of Pixels Required Per FOV ..................................................................................... 68 Eyebox and Evaluation Point............................................................................................... 79 DLP AM-HUD System Simplified Block Diagram........................................................................ 810 Virtual Image ................................................................................................................. 811 Typical DLP AM-HUD System Block Diagram ......................................................................... 14
List of Tables
1 Interpupillary Distance (IPD) for Both Genders .......................................................................... 72 Typical AM-HUD Specifications............................................................................................ 93 Combiner and Diffuser Specification ...................................................................................... 94 Projection Unit Specification .............................................................................................. 13
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TI DLP Pico Technology for Aftermarket Head-up Displays
1 IntroductionA head-up display (HUD) is a transparent display that superimposes rich, configurable, real-time data in adriver's normal line of sight. The HUD concept first appeared in military aircraft, where it was increasinglynecessary for the pilot to be able to monitor critical flight data without looking away from outside theaircraft to an instrument panel within the aircraft. As the capabilities of HUDs improved and dropped inprice, HUDs found widespread application in commercial and even private aviation. In recent years, HUDsbegan appearing as a factory installed option in many high-end automobiles.
Recent advances in consumer display technology present the opportunity to equip any automobile with anaftermarket head-up display (AM-HUD) solution. The same powerful technology behind DLP Pico productscan be used in the automobile for high-brightness, interactive display systems that enhance the drivingexperience. The small size, low power, economical cost, and proven reliability of DLP Pico technologyprovides the foundation for compelling AM-HUD products.
DLP Products offers a wide variety of digital micromirror devices (DMDs), including chips specificallydesigned for consumer, industrial, and automotive applications. Regardless of which DMD is selected,appropriate considerations should be made to meet the recommended operation conditions specified inthe device datasheet. This document will explain key design requirements and trade-offs for aftermarkethead-up display solutions based on DLP Pico technology.
2 Applicable DocumentsThe following TI Documents contain relevant information: Getting Started with DLP Pico Technology DLPC343X display controller datasheets: DLPC3430, DLPC3433, DLPC3435, DLPC3438 and
DLPC3439. PMIC datasheets: DLPA2000, DLPA2005, DLPA3000 and DLPA3005 DMD datasheets: DLP2010, DLP3010 and DLP4710 Optical module manufacturers Application Note: Geometric Optics for DLPAlways refer to the latest revision of datasheets.
3 Terminology
3.1 Types of AM-HUDThere are several implementations of aftermarket HUD products. These different design approaches arebroadly classified into the following categories:
Projector HUDA Projector HUD creates an image on a diffuser screen with no additional optics after the projector(Figure 1).
Figure 1. Projector HUD
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TI DLP Pico Technology for Aftermarket Head-up Displays
Teleprompter HUDA Teleprompter HUD allows indirect viewing of an image through partial reflection from the carswindshield, or a partially reflective screen in front of the windshield (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Teleprompter HUD
Augmented HUDAn augmented HUD uses mirror optics to create a virtual image floating beyond the windshield(Figure 3).
Figure 3. Augmented HUD
This document focuses on augmented HUD technology for AM-HUD applications.
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3.2 HUD TerminologyFigure 4 and Figure 5 illustrate the terminology used in this document.
Head-up Display (HUD)A transparent display that presents data in the driver's normal line of sight by creating a virtualimage.
Augmented Reality (AR)Superimposes a computer-generated image on a user's view of the real world, thus providing acomposite view.
Virtual Image (VI)An image that appears to float at some focal distance in space.
Virtual Image Distance (VID)The focal distance where the virtual image appears to reside. The apparent distance between theviewers eyes and the virtual image created by the HUD optics. Typically, the virtual image iscreated well beyond the windshield of the car.
Field of View (FOV)The angle subtended at the drivers eyes by the virtual image presented by the HUD.
Horizontal Field of View (HFOV)The horizontal angle (along x-axis) subtended from the drivers eyes to the virtual image.
Vertical Field of View (VFOV)The vertical angle (along y-axis) subtended from the drivers eyes to the virtual image.
CombinerA partially reflective element of the optical chain that reflects light towards the viewer and allowsoutside light to pass through.
EyeboxThe area in which the HUD virtual image is viewable by the driver.
Figure 4. HUD Diagram
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Figure 5. HUD Eyebox and Field of View
4 AM-HUD Key Requirements
4.1 Field of ViewThe field of view (FOV) (Figure 6) is an important specification of an AM-HUD system. A wider field o
