THz point-to-point links · GSM/EDGE-only Other Smartphone subscriptions by technology. THz...

THz point-to-point links | © Ericsson AB | 7th March 2019 |

Yinggang Li, Mikael Hörberg and Jonas HansrydEricsson Research, Ericsson ABGöteborg, SwedenMarch 7, 2019

THz Point-to-Point Links:

>100 GHz; >100 Gbps

(Invited presentation at the 2nd THz Communication Workshop, Brussels Belgium)


Contents

• Background

• Spectrum Horizon

• Challenges

• Ex. D-band research and development

• Some future perspective


Global mobile traffic growth (based on measurement):

88%

(Total traffic = UL+DL including VoIP but DVB-H, Wi-Fi or Mobile WiMAX)

To

tal t

raff

ic (

Ex

ab

yte

/mo

nth

)

Ye

ar-

ov

er-

yea

r g

row

th (

%)

5G

LTE

WCDMA/HSPA

GSM/EDGE-only

Other

Smartphone subscriptions by technology


Transport networks

Evolving in: • Network dimensioning, architecture and topology

• Capacity

TRANSPORTBASEBAND

RADIO + SMALL CELL

RADIO SITE SYSTEM MANAGEMENT


Future transport needs

Source Ericsson (2018)

Backhaul capacity per site in Distributed RAN C2 (eCPRI) capacity in Centralized RAN

Urban

Suburban

Rural


Spectrum Horizon

In commercial use W-band, to be commercialized D-band, to be commercialized

5G candidate band 5G candidate band but prioritized for backhaul


Source: Ericsson Technology Review 2017, https://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/publications/ericsson-technology-review/docs/2017/etr-beyond-100ghz.pdf

46.5 GHz for wireless communication

The W-band and D-band

Deployment share per frequency(Source Ericsson 2017)


95

-1

00

10

2 -

10

9.5

11

1.8

-1

14

.25

12

2.2

5 -

12

3

5.0 7.5 2.45 0.75

13

0 -

13

4

4.0

14

1 -

14

8.5

7.5

15

1.5

-1

58

.5

7.0

17

4.5

-1

74

.8

0.3

23

1.5

-2

32

0.5

24

0 -

24

1

1.0

15

8.5

-1

64

16

7 -

17

4.5

19

1.8

-2

00

20

9 -

22

6

5.5 7.5 8.2 17.0

23

2 -

23

5

3.0

23

8 -

24

0

2.0

25

2 -

27

5

23.0

(a) Bands based on rules similar to E-band (70/80 GHz), totally 36 GHz

(b) Bands for licensed fixed wireless operations, totally 66.2 GHz

W-band

D-band

Higher bands

FCC Spectrum Horizon: up to 275 GHz proposed

(source: Ericsson/Yinggang Li)


Technical challenges when approaching sub-mmW:

• Output power varies generally as 1/f =23

• Packaging becoming increasingly difficult— if possible: integrate the antenna on-chip or in package

• Unwanted resonance modes may easily develop in MMIC substrate

• Modeling increasingly difficult at high frequency

• Phase noise increasing (typically 6 dB per frequency doubling)

• Receiver noise figure increasing

➔General statement: S/N degrades fast with frequency!


The solution must be: • Volume manufacturable

— Automatically assembly, repeatability (yield), tolerance insensitive, etc.

• Commercially affordable

How to transfer the “precious” mmW power from MMIC to antenna port?

on-wafer measured Psat


Example, D-band transceiver modules for PtP links

• M3TERA, a H20202 project

• PoC demonstrator: D-band Tx/Rx module

• MMICs in 130nm SiGe from Infineon (B11)

• Micromachined Si substrate as an heterogenous platform for system integration

Micromachined chip-to-antenna transition

PCB

Si platform

Metal fixture


Heterogenous integration based on micromachined Si substrate

• Micromachined low-loss Si waveguide

• Non-gavanic transition between MMIC and the waveguide

• Embedded components, e.g. BPF, duplexer and phase shifters

MEMS(Platform)

MEMS


Link test setup

13

Atten.

Rx2Tx3

SA

LO_Rx

LO_Tx

IF


CW test

14

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

-25.0 -22.5 -20.0 -17.5 -15.0 -12.5 -10.0 -7.5 -5.0 -2.5 0.0

TX

M o

utp

ut a

nd

ga

in

Input IF level (dBm)

TXM Pout (dBm)

TXM gain (dB)

FRF=130GHz

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

110.0 115.0 120.0 125.0 130.0 135.0 140.0 145.0

TXM

ou

tpu

t an

d g

ain

RF frequncy (GHz)

TXM Pout (dBm)

TXM gain (dB)

PIF = -15 dBm

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150

TX-R

X G

ain

RF frequency (GHz)

IF= 1333MHz

— Peak gain position (frequency) depend strongly on bias

— Bandwidth depends strongly on bias


Real-time data transmission based on Ericsson’s Modem

15


Measurement results

16

1.0E-12

1.0E-11

1.0E-10

1.0E-09

1.0E-08

1.0E-07

1.0E-06

1.0E-05

1.0E-04

1.0E-03

1.0E-02

1.0E-01

1.0E+00

-55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

BER

Received power to RXM (dBm)

channel width:

250 MHz

QPSK

16QMA

64QAM

1.0E-12

1.0E-11

1.0E-10

1.0E-09

1.0E-08

1.0E-07

1.0E-06

1.0E-05

1.0E-04

1.0E-03

1.0E-02

1.0E-01

1.0E+00

-55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

BER

Received input power to RXM (dBm)

For 16QAM 125MHz

250MHz

750MHz


100 Gbps microwave link is not a

dream any more today but a

reality!

• Demonstrated by Ericsson in

Gothenburg, Feb. 2019

• Based on Ericsson’s existing

commercial product

• Line-of-sight MIMO plus H/V

polarization


8-channel PtP LoS-MIMO, 100 Gbps

Purposely removed!


Looking forward• > 100 GHz

— Short-term: W- & D-band

— Longer term: towards sub-mmW (275 GHz)

• > 100 Gbps — Microwave solutions available today to meet the need for 5G

towards 2025

— 100 Gbps for beyond 5G towards 2030(Tbps from even longer-term perspective ?)

• Compact and simplified site solution for MIMO and high-gain antennas towards sub-mmW

• Challenges with THz MMIC interconnect and packaging— Heterogenous system integration

— Antenna-in-package and SiP

➔Continuous and sustained research effort is necessary to commercialize the mmW-THz spectrum Perspective for future D-band LoS-MIMO

THz point-to-point links · GSM/EDGE-only Other Smartphone subscriptions by technology. THz...

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