Thursday October 1

Chapter 4: Slavery, Freedom and the Struggle for Empire to 1763

Classwork for Thursday October 1

1. Quick five-question T/F quiz based on last night’s homework reading. (HW grade)

2. Today’s PPT

3. History Beyond the Textbook research assignment. The First Great Awakening. Go to:

www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/tserve/eighteen/ekeyinfo/grawaken.htm

Explore this document, find a topic of interest to you, and be prepared to report your findings to the class.

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: Slave Culture and Slave Resistance/Becoming African-American

The common link among Africans in America, was not kinship, language, or even “race,” but slavery itself.

For most of the eighteenth century, the majority of American slaves were African by birth who still identified with their tribes from Africa.

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: African-American Cultures

In the Chesapeake, slaves learned English, participated in the Great Awakening, and were exposed to white culture.

In Georgia and South Carolina, two different black societies developed:

a. Communities on huge outlying backcountry rice plantations retained significant African cultural elements (housing styles, child-naming practices, language.)

b. Slaves in the cities of Charleston and Savannah assimilated more quickly into Euro-American culture.

In the northern colonies, a distinctive African-American culture culture developed more slowly, and African-Americans enjoyed more access to the mainstream of life.

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: Resistance to Slavery

A common thread among African-Americans was a desire for freedom.a. Many plantation slaves in South Carolina and Georgia ran away to Florida or to cities where they merged into the free black society.

The first eighteenth-century slave uprising occurred in New York City in 1712.

Slave uprisings occurred in Louisiana, West Indies (Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, and Jamaica.)

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

An advertisement seeking the return of arun away slave from Port Royal

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: The Crisis of 1739-1741

• The Stono Rebellion in South Carolina involved slaves trying to escape to Spanish Florida; its failure led to the tightening of the slave code.

• A panic in 1741 swept New York City after a series of fires broke out that were rumored to have been part of a slave conspiracy to attack whites. Both blacks (30) and their white allies (4) were executed.

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: The Great Awakening/Religious Revivals

The Great Awakening, which began in the 1730s, was a series of local religious events united by a commitment to a more emotional and personal Christianity than offered by existing churches. Beginning of American evangelicalism.

The Great Awakening was led by flamboyant “Fire and Brimstone” preachers like Jonathan Edwards, whose Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God stressed the need for humans to seek repentance before it was too late.

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

Jonathan Edwards, one of the most prominentPreachers of the Great Awakening.

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: The Preaching of Whitefield

• The English minister George Whitefield is often credited with sparking the Great Awakening.

• He had many imitators and his style of preaching swept the country.

• Old Lights (Traditionalists) and New Lights (Revivalists) defended their right to worship as they chose.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-dk4-HBNWQ• America's First Great Awakening (6m)

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & CompanyGeorge Whitefield

Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763: The Awakening’s Impact

• The Great Awakening caused social change and a few preachers explicitly condemned slavery, but most masters managed to reconcile slaveholding and Christianity.

• Many slaves were also swept up in the revivalism of the Great Awakening, embraced Christianity, and some even became preachers.

• The “Common Man” became empowered. First “national” event in American history. People are becoming Americans without knowing it. Equality for all before God.

Homework due Friday October 21-Reading and notes on Chapter 4, pp. 163-166, Imperial Rivalries: Spanish North America through The French Empire.

2-Complete map on page 164, European Empires in North America, ca. 1750.(Include Title, Legend, (British Settlement, British Land Claims, Area of French influence, Area of Spanish influence, Oceans, Gulf of Mexico, Canada/Louisiana, California/New Mexico/Mexico, Florida, Bahamas, Jamaica, Cities: Williamsburg, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Charleston, Savannah, San Francisco, Quebec, Montreal.) (Homework grade)

(No quick homework quiz for Friday)

European Empires in North America, ca. 1750