Thunder Roads Virginia Magazine - November 2012

7/23/2019 Thunder Roads Virginia Magazine - November 2012

1/48

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2/48


3/48


4/48

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BTF@Q " @MK]BQ, YOL@Y5 J`ll{ Ibllkfy

Ysìkol ]gofjy }b5 To`f @lly . bp tbfm`hpll{ }ol`f}`m lo{bp} dp{tgb m`ykdfy bp sod`y ( sp}y oll }g` skì`y }bd`}g` hb py òignbf}g, Qbm . hb gky jkll` om m`ykdfy ( Akll bh TIHY}pmkby&ibn,bp tànoy}`, tgb j``sy bp yk}` bijkf bf }g` tà& Olyb nof{}gofjy }b oll bh bp òm`y, omx`}ky`y ( }gby` bh {bp bp} }g`` }go}ysòm }g` tbm b soyy o nodoukf` }b o hk`fm tgby f x` gòmbh py a`hb` . [bp OLL o` tgo} j``sy }g` ]gpfm` bllkfd/

]GPFM@Q QBOMY XKQDKFKOy QBOM IQ@T

YOL@Y IQ@THb kfhbno}kbf oabp} omx`}kykfd kf ]gpfm` Qbomy Xkdkfko,

xkyk} }g` Omx`}kykfd sod` bh bp tàyk}`ttt&}gpfm`bomy.xkdkfko&ibn b ibf}oi} of{ bh bp

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A`}g Ola`}, Ab Ola`}, Mox` Yp}}bf, J`ll{ ( Ebgf, Qkij{ Mà{,Qba ], Yjkab Omony 'btf` bh GBD Tklm Sgb}bdosg{+,

Y}oi{ Aow}`, Y}`x` Aow}`, ]kn Tklnb}g, Tkllkon Tklm Akll Mo{,ttt&s`bsl bhtolno}&ibn, ttt&tgk}`}oyg`soky&ibn

% Oll o}kil`y ( ski}p`y tk}gkf ]gpfm` Qbomy Xkdkfko o` ibf}kap}`m a{bp I`t, ]gpfm` Qbomy fo}kbfol f`}tbj `ybpi`y, h``lofi` tk}`y"

sgb}bdosg`y ( bp tbfm`hpl òm`y&

Ysbq} Akj Ibnnpfk}{ Ibqq`ysbfm`f}5

Ip}ky Y}k}ig No}}g`ty


5/48

FO]KBFOL HBPFM@QY

]bfk NiIb{ Ygòqbf ( Aqkof Ygòqbf?017 No}lbij Mqkx`

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K}y iqou{ }b }gkfj }go} f`w} nbf}g ky Igqky}noy (

ofb}g` f`t {ò ky kdg} obpfm }g` ibf`d`ù

noj`y n` y}bs ( }gkfj epy} gbt hoy} }gky {ò goy btf

a{& Ybn`}kn`y k}y o dbbm }gkfd }go} }kn` soyy`y yb

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knsb}of} }gkfdy& K}y jkfm bh lkj` goplkf ap}} mbtf }g`

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db`yT@ YOLP]@ [BP/

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{ò tk}g bp omx`}ky`y g`` ypssb}kfd py fofikoll{

yb t` iof sbmpi` }g` nodoukf` hb {bp dp{y òig

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}g` bom b o} gbn`& T` tkll y`` {bp oll f`w} nbf}g&

d`} }gby` Igky}noy lky}y òm{/

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Sqbpm ]b A` Of On`qkiof&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&7

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6/48

Fbx =}g

Tolfìjy Ytos N``} ( Ygbt Yg`sg`myxkll , J[

7on }b 9sn& X`fmb Ysoi`y -=3.Oll abb}gy

bf` lbt ski`& Kfmbby, Bp}mbby, Qokf b Ygkf`&

Nb}bi{il` Ygbt5 ?9 Io}`dbk`y, ]bsgk`y

a{ spalki epmdkfd, Ygbt `f}{ hb o akj` ky -0&

Omnkyykbf -8& Jkmy pfm ?0 h``& H`` sojkfd&

Lb}y nb`/ 'Y`` bp om kf }gky kyyp`+ Apllk}} Ibpf}{Hokdbpfmy, Yg`sg`myxkll`, J[ '893+ ;70.13;4&

ttt&tolfìjytos&ibn

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?=}g Offpol ]b{y hbq ]b}y Sbj`q Qpf F`tsb}

F`ty"[bj}btf, XO

Ypfmo{, Fbx`na` =, 13?1, ky }g` mo}` hb bp

?=}g Offpol Gons}bf Qbomy Gol`{.Moxkmybf

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J.No} o} =3? Bkofo Qm& kf F`tsb} F`ty ofm

tkll a`dkf o} 7593ON& Iby} ky -?3 s` Sbj` Gofm,

slpy o f`t, pftoss`m }b{& Hky} akj` bp} ky ;593ON

ofm }g` loy} akj` bp} ky ??593ON& Qkm` tkll `fm o}

Gons}bf Qbomy Gol`{.Moxkmybf o} 8=03 D`bd`

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oy k} loy}y+ `f}`}okfn`f} ofm sku`y hb a`y} ofm

tby} gofm& Kh {bp km` tk}g {bp akj` mìbo}`m

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of{ qp`y}kbfy&

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oy t` km` }b m`lkx` }g` }b{y }b f``m{ igklm`f

YOX@ [BPQ MO]@/// KY [BPQ @X@F] KF BPQ IOL@FMOQ222Kh fb}, ypank} k} bf }g` @x`f}y sod` bh bp tàyk}`ttt&}gpfm`bomy.xkdkfko a{ }g` ?0}g bh }g` nbf}g yb k} tkll noj`k} kf}b }g` f`w} kyyp`& T` f``m `x`f}y ypank}}`m oy ho kf omxofiòy sbyykal` yb }go} b}g`y iof a` `ysì}hpl bh }g` mo}` }go} {bpxìgby`f hb {bpy&

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Hq``mbn Akj`q Igpqig Xkqdkfko Aòig

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ahidbqmbfC{ogbb&ibn& Ypfmo{ y`qxki` ?3on .?3593on do}g`qkfd ofm

h llbtygks tk}g ibhh`` ofm yfoijy& T mf`ymo{ Akal y}pm{ 4sn.7593& Hqkmo{

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g lm x`q{ T`mf`ymo{: Akj` Fkdg} x`q Hqkmo{ Fkdg}&

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mq`yy o i`q}okf to{ bq lbbj lkj` `x`q{bf` ly`& Hbq of{bf` tgb }gkfjy {bp

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hq`` mbfp}y ofm ibhh``& Tbqygks y`qxki`5 ?? o&n& tk}g Igqky}kof qbij aofm

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Gt{, Kyl bh Tkdg} Ibpf}{, XO, ibf}oi} ky Soy}bq Ekn Noff`q, '404+ 948.98?1

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7/48

}gbpdg }g` Yolxo}kbf On{& Nb` m`}okly o` }b

hbllbt& Slòy` ibf}oi} py o} '439+11?.9404 b

igìj bp} bp tàyk}` o} ttt&òy}iboy}gol`{&

ibn hb nb` m`}okly& ?4;40 Nokf Y}``},

Mpnhk`y, XO 11318

Eof 14}g , 13?9

Gbtoqm Ibpf}{ Ytos N``} T y} Hk fmygks, NM

]g` Gbtom Ibpf}{ Nb}bi{il` Ytosn``} goy

olto{y a``f o nb}bi{il` ytosn``} }go} io}`y

}b akj`y lbbjkfd hb so}y ofm oii`yybk`y,

akj`y ofm oll }gkfdy nb}bi{il` `lo}`m/ Fb}epy} Gol`{y, fm so}y hb xkf}od` b lo}` nbm`l

nb}bi{il`y, On`kiof b hb`kdf, o lò}g` eoij`}

b b}g` oii`yybk`y& S`bsl` ibn` g`` }b ap{,

y`ll, }om`, OFM YOX@& ?3on }kl 0sn& ]g` Gbtom

Ibpf}{ Ytosn``}, Tg`` Hk`fmy N``}& Ossl`

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11?3 Hokdbpfm Qbom T`y} Hk`fmygks, NM

1?4;= ttt&gbtomibpf}{ytosn``}&ibn,

j`foss`lCtklmalp`&f`}, 93?.=47.9=1?

Noq 19qm 1=}g, 13?9

Ao}}l`h`lm Aoyg Lof`wo, XO

Ibnao} X`}òfy Nb}bi{il` Oyybiko}kbf 'IXNO

14.9+ ky gby}kfd o Ao}}l``lm Aoyg `x`f} 19.1=

Noig 13?9 o} Qbijogbij Ionsdbpfmy, ?=17

Bp}sby} Qbom, Lof`wo, Xkdkfko& ]gky 1 mo{

`x`f} tkll kfilpm` o Sbj` Qpf }gbpdg Fo}kbfol

Ao}}l``lmy kf }g` oò, aofmy, x`fmby ofm nof{

x`}òfy ibnkfd }bd`}g` }b ypssb} bp ab}g`y

ofm yky}`y }go} ypssb} bp Ibpf}{y x`}òfy&

Oll sbi``my hbn }gky `x`f} tkll db mkì}l{ }b }g`

Yk}}` ( Aohbb} X`}òfy Io` I`f}` }go} t`

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gofm bp} bh 4 iomy& % IXNO Nkyykbf Y}o}`n`f}5

T` o` of Oyybiko}kbf bh Ibnao} X`} ofy hbn

oll aofig`y bh }g` Pfk}`m Y}o}`y On`m Hbi`y

tgb km` nb}bi{il`y oy o gbaa{& Bp nkyykbf

fbt ky }b ypssb} ofm m`h`fm }gby` tgb gox`

m`h`fm`m bp Ibpf}{ ofm bp h``mbny& Bp

hbipy ky }b g`ls x`}òf io` hoiklk}k`y sbxkm` o

ton nòl, ilb}gkfd, yg`l}`, ofm dpkmofi`, b

yknsl{ }b yo{ ]gofj [bp ofm T`libn` Gbn`&

g}}s5""ttt&ibnao}x`}&bd" Ibf}oi} E`yykio

Eotabf` Yk}`y o} }ofjdplR444C{ogbb&ibn

b 73=.43=.9=81 hb nb` m`}okly b qp`y}kbfy&Qbijogbij Ionsdbpfmy, ?=17 Bp}sby} Qbom,

Lof`wo Xkdkfko

YOX@ [BPQ MO]@/// KY [BPQ @X@F] KF BPQ IOL@FMOQ222Kh fb}, ypank} k} bf }g` @x`f}y sod` bh bp tàyk}`ttt&}gpfm`bomy.xkdkfko a{ }g` ?0}g bh }g` nbf}g yb k} tkll noj`k} kf}b }g` f`w} kyyp`& T` f``m `x`f}y ypank}}`m oy ho kf omxofiòy sbyykal` yb }go} b}g`y iof a` `ysì}hpl bh }g` mo}` }go} {bpxìgby`f hb {bpy&

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]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@


8/48

Yoh`}{ Oy{lpnA{ ]&E& Nkl`y

G`llb `x`{bf`, n{ fon` ky ]E Nkl`y& Kn o tk}` ysìkol.kukfd kf Nb}bi{il` Yoh`}{& K d`t ps kf Ybp}gòy} ]`woyofm s`nof`f}l{ lofm`m kf }g` Y}& Lbpky oò 9 {òy odbpsbf `}k`n`f} hbn }g` PY Iboy} Dpom& Kx` ys`f} n{tgbl` lkh` bf }tb tg``ly& K ip`f}l{ nofod` }g` Yib}} OHA

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K}y bmm }b tk}f`yy o km`, tgb tbplm f`x` km` oh}`mkfjkfd, }gkfj fb}gkfd bh kmkfd tgkl` ygkx`kfd x`f }gbpdg}g`{ o` yknklo kf `mpikfd }g` oaklk}{ }b òi} }b gouomy&Kf`ws`k`fi`m km`y olòm{ gox` bf` y}kj` odokfy} }g`n&Iblm tò}g`, olibgbl, ys``m, }ohi ofm of oapfmofi` bhb}g` gouomy tkll òykl{ omm ps ofm }oj` o km` bp} bh }g`don`& Q`mpi` }g` fpna` bh gouomy tg`f kmkfd }b kf.iòy` }g` o}` bh ypxkxoaklk}{& Y}o} a{ `mpikfd }g` `hhì}ybh iblm tò}g`&Lo{`q`m Ilb}gkfdY}``} ilb}g`y o` py`l`yy/ Nb}bi{il` dò y`tf ibì}l{,nom` bh no}`koly ypig oy }gkfyplo}` ofm lò}g` ky gkdgl{ìbnn`fm`m& M`yy kf lo{``m ilb}gkfd '}g`noly+ ofmibx` oll `wsby`m yjkf& Albij }g` tkfm ofm j``s {bp gòm

ton& Noj` yp` {bp soyy`fd` ky olyb m`yy`m sbs`l{&Iblm tò}g` iof òykl{ h`ù` o gb} mo}` tk}g bf` qpkijkm`/

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Gò}`m Doqn`f}yYpssl`n`f} bp abm{y fo}pol gò} sbmpi}kbf& Gò}`mx`y}y, eoij`}y, sof}y, dlbx`y ofm abb}y oll g`ls j``s py

ton& ]g`y` k}`ny pypoll{ pf bf ao}}`k`y, }g` akj`y lì}kiol y{y}`n b ig`nkioly&

Qkmkfd kf }g` iblm iof a` o dò} `ws`k`fi` oy lbfd oy{bp o` s`so`m hb k} ofm jfbt {bp lknk}y& Qpaa` mb`yFB] gox` }g` yon` onbpf} bh y}kij kf iblm tò}g` ybylbt.mbtf kf ipx`y& A` io`hpl bh aloij ki` kf ygombty ofyol} b yofm l`h} bx` hbn ki` `nbxol `hhb}y& Kh {bp tò}g` sbs` dò, ylbt mbtf ofm oxbkm }g` ylkij ysb}y, kmkfdkf iblm tò}g` iof a` oy ibnhb}oal` ofm hpf oy kmkfdbf ton mo{y& Of kfx`y}n`f} kf iblm.tò}g` dò yknsl{`fgofi`y {bp kfx`y}.n`f} kf {bp akj`&

Kn olto{y lbbj.

kfd hb f`t nb}b.i{il` yoh`}{ ypaeì}y&Slòy` nokl {bpkfsp} b kmòy }b py o}]gpfm` Qbomy Nodo.ukf` b h``l h`` }ba`fm n{ ò o} bf` bhbp nof{ nb}bi{ilkfd`x`f}y&

Y}o{ ton }b hbipy bf }g` }oyj o} gofmQKMKFD/

`skf}`m hbn ]QN Nkyybpk

]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ 8


9/48


10/48

Sqbpm ]b AÒF ON@QKIOF

Bp nkyykbf, Q`n`na`, Gbfb, ] oig, ky iok`m bp} kf so} a{ ibbmkfo}kfd tò}g lo{kfd i``nb.

fk`y bf o ysìk`m Yo}pmo{ kf Mì`na` o} Olkfd}bf, oy t`ll oy x`}òfy i`n`}`k`y ofm b}g`lbio}kbfy kf oll 03 y}o}`y ofm a`{bfm& T` olyb bdofku` o t``j bh `x`f}y kfilpmkfd kf}`fo}kbfol x`}.òfy }kap}`y, i``nbfk`y o} Y}o}` Gbpy`y ofm o t``j.lbfd X`}òfy Soom` a`}t``f Nokf` ofmXkdkfko tg`` t` y}bs olbfd }g` to{ }b ysòm bp n`yyod` oabp} }g` knsb}ofi` bh `n`na`kfdbp holl`f g`b`y, gbfbkfd }gby` tgb y`x`, ofm }òigkfd bp igklm`f oabp} }g` yoiki`y nom` a{x`}òfy ofm }g`k honklk`y }b s`y`x` bp h``mbny&]gky t``j bh `x`f}y ky nom` sbyykal` a{ }gbpyofmy bh xblpf}``y tgb bdofku` lbiol i``nbfk`y,oky` hpfmy }b ysbfyb tò}gy, ofm so}kikso}` kf }g` `x`f}y& T` ì`kx` fb dbx`fn`f} hpfmkfd& ]giby} bh bp sbdony ky sokm a{ kfmkxkmpol tò}gy ysbfyby, ibsbo}` mbfby ofm xblpf}`` }pij`yT` olyb ibbmkfo}` x`}òf y`xki`y ofm ìbdfk}kbf }gbpdg o xok`}{ bh sbdony, ofm sbxkm`yigbbly tk}g }òigkfd okm`y hb sbeì}y }gbpdgbp} }g` {ò&Gbt Iof [bp D`} Kfxblx`m2Tò}gy Oibyy On`kio f``my {bp g`ls }b òig bp dbol bh sloikfd 033,333 tò}gy bf x`}òfydox`y kf 13?1& Ofm `x`{ }kn` {bp g`ls py gbfb bp x`}òfy ofm oi}kx` nklk}o{, {bp o` olyb gbf.bkfd }g`k honklk`y ofm s`sokfd o f`t d`fò}kbf }b ossìko}` bp h``mbny&Gbfb x`}òfy kf {bp lbiol ibnnpfk}{ a{ ysbfybkfd o tò}g }go} tkll a` sloi`m bf o x`}òfydox`& [bp igbby` }g` lbio}kbf& Dbpsy iof d`} kfxblx`m oy o hpfmokykfd sbeì}&Xblpf}`` }b sloi` tò}gy bf o x`}òfy dox` o} of{ bh bp bx` 403 so}kikso}kfd lbio}kbfy Kf.xblx` {bp hk`fmy ofm honkl{ kf o aòj hbn }g` gblkmo{y }b gbfb bp y`xki` n`f ofm tbn`f, ofm}g`k honklk`y& Xkyk} ttt&Tò}gyOibyyOn`kio&bd hb nb` m`}okly&

]b d`} kfhbno}kbf bf o Tò}gy Oibyy On`kio I``nbf{ fò`y} {bp, xkyk} g}}s5""ttt&tò}g.

yoibyyon`kio&bd"lbio}kbfy"& ]g` ibf}oi}y bf }g` kfmkxkmpol lbio}kbfy sod` tkll gox` kfhbno}kbf bfnb}bi{il` km`y }go} tkll a` hbnkfd }b o}}`fm i``nbfk`y bf Yo}pmo{ Mì`na` ?0}g, 13?1 o} }g`y`lbio}kbfy kf Xkdkfko5 Ol`wofmko, On`lko, Olkfd}bf, Ipls`s`, Mofxkll`, Gons}bf, Gbs`t`ll, L``y.apd, L{figapd, Nìgofkiyxkll`, Sbt`ll Xoll`{ X`}òfy N`nbkol Dom`fy, Qkignbfm, Yofmy}bf,Yib}}yxkll`, Y}opf}bf, Yphhblj, ]kofdl`, Tkfig`y}`, [bj}btf&Hb d`fò}kbfy, }g`{ y}bbm ofm ibf}kfp` }b y}ofm hb py/ Tkll [bp ]oj` Bf` Mo{ ]b Y}ofm Hb]g`n2



11/48

Sqbpm ]b AÒF ON@QKIOF

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b y`` }b }gofj }g`n hb }g`k y`xki`& T` òig`m bp dbol }b gox` ? nkllkbf iomy mky}kap}`m kf bp hky} {ò bh

}gky ionsokdf& Slòy` g`ls py }b ibf}kfp` }gky dò} }omk}kbf& Bm` {bp iomy }bmo{ bflkf`5

g}}s5""ttt&tò}gyoibyyon kio&bd"y}b`"y`xki`.ossìko}kbf.iomy"

Tgb T` Oq`Tò}gy Oibyy On kio ky o fbfsbhk} bdo.

fkuo}kbf hbpfm`m }b ibf}kfp` ofm wsofm }g`

offpol tò}g lo{kfd i``nbf{ o} Olkfd}bf

Fo}kbfol I`n`}`{ a`dpf a{ Nokf` apykf`yy.

nof, Nbkll Tbi`y}`, kf ?;;1&



12/48


13/48

DBBM HBQ [BP

Qp}oaodoy oq` bh}`f}gbpdg} bh oy {`llbt }pqfksyap} oi}poll{ aòq }g` ab.}ofkiol fon` Aqoyykio fospyofm a lbfd }b }g` gkdgl{

sqku`m honkl{ bh iqpikh`qbpyx`d`}oal`y& ]g` qp}oaodo,o q`lo}kx`l{ f`tibn`q kf}g` tbqlm bh x`d`}oal`y, ky}gbpdg} }b gox` xblx`mhqbn o iqbyy a`}t``f o tklmioaaod` ofm o }pqfks& ]g` òqlk`y} qìbqmy bh qp}oaodoy wky}`fiòq` hqbn }g` y`x`f}``f}g i`f}pq{ kf Ybp}g`qf @pqbs` tg`q` }g`{t`q` qy} ò}`f oy t ll oy py`m hbq ofknol hbmm`q& K}y ipqkbpy }go}}gqbpdgbp} gky}bq{ ofknoly t`q` bh}`f h`m }g` gòl}gk`y} hbbmy, hbbm}gbpdg} }b a` kfossqbsqko}` hbq gpnof ibfypns}kbf&

Aìopy` qp}oaodoy }gqkx` a`y} kf iblm`q ilkno}`y, }g`{ aìon`sbsploq kf Yiofmkfoxko, ap} ysìkoll{ kf Yt`m`f, }g` ibpf}q{ }go}òqf`m }g`n }g` fon` yt`m`y& Kf @pqbs`, qp}oaodoy oq` y}kll

ioll`m yt`m`y& Kf On`qkio, qp}oaodoy t`q` qy} ipl}kxo}`m kf }g`fbq}g`qf soq}y bh }g` ibpf}q{ kf }g` òql{ ?733y& Iofomo ofm }g`fbq}g`qf y}o}`y oq` }bmo{y dqò}`y} sqbmpi`qy bh }g` qp}oaodo&

Bf` bh }g` sqknoq{ a`f`}y bh qp}oaodoy ky }g kq gkdg xk}onkf Iibf}`f}& Hbbmy gkdg kf xk}onkf I a`f`} {bpq mkd`y}kx` gòl}g ofmgox` a``f oyybiko}`m tk}g o q`mpi`m kfikm`fi` bh iblbqì}ol iofi`Qp}oaodoy olyb sqbxkm` o ybpqi` bh ukfi, of yy`f}kol nkf`qol }go}slo{y o qbl` kf {bpq knnpf` y{y}`n hpfi}kbf ofm n`}oablkyn, ofmsqbxkm`y sqb}ì}kbf hqbn sg{ykblbdkiol y}q`yy& Lkj` nof{ x`d`}oal`yqp}oaodoy ibf}qkap}` }b {bpq mk`}oq{ a`q kf}oj`& Yphik`f} a`qibfypns}kbf sqb}ì}y odokfy} mkyòy`, ofm s`bsl` tgb ibfypn``fbpdg a`q `feb{ o lbt`q qkyj bh ibfy}kso}kbf, iblbf iofi`q ofm]{s` 1 mkoa`}`y&

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Tk}g k}y y}qofd` lbbjkfd tow`{ w}`qkbq, nby} s`bsl` mbf} jfbtgbt }b sq`soq` qp}oaodoy ap} k}y qòll{ x`q{ yknsl`& Epy} s``l"ip}oto{ }g` tow`m yjkf& Ip} }g` qbb} aoll kf}b yì}kbfy }g`f kf}b ynolligpfjy, epy} lkj` {bp tbplm o sb}o}b& Qp}oaodoy oq` m`fy`q yb{bpll gox` }b py` o lk}}l` pnsg tg`f ip}}kfd ps& Sp} igpfjy kf o

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14/48

Y@FM PY [BPQ GB]Y YGB]Y/// @nokl {bpq ski}pq`y }b5

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]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ ?1


15/48]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ ?


16/48

Tklmgbqy` O Tbnof Tk}g O Soyykbf }b Qkm`

O}kil` a{ ]`k ] Ibllk`, ]QN Bjlogbno& Sgb}by a{ Tklmgby`

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]gky {ò, }g` Fo}kbfol Mkì}b bh Yky}`y kf Yskk} kmkfd dbps, LkfmoAlofj`fygks, lby} g` ao}}l` tk}g iofi`& K} toy o x`{ yom lbyy hb }g`tbn`f kf }gky Fo}kbfol kmkfd dbps tgkig toy hbpfm`m a{ g` kf ]plyo,BJ& ]g` dbps a`dof oy o sloi` }b sbnb}` tbn`f nb}bi{ilky}y&]g`{ ip`f}l{ gox` n`na`y kf 97 y}o}`y, oy t`ll oy, Iofomo ofm

Od`f}kfo& Oy Lkfmo gom `qp`y}`m bh g` n`na`y, j``s bf kmkfd ofmsbnb}kfd bp nb}}b bh a`kfd lomk`y y} ofm akj`y yìbfm& Psbf g`soyykfd, }g`` toy fb a`}}` igbki` }b doikbpyl{ }oj` g` sbyk}kbf }gofTklmgby`& Yg` gom a``f y`xkfd oy XS Fo}kbfol Bsò}kbfy ofm toybf` bh }g` y} hbpfmkfd n`na`y&

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yo{y, Nb}bi{il`y ofm gby`y gox` a``f kf n{ lkh` ykfi` K toy {bpfdaìopy` bh gkn& N{ gpyaofm Mo`f db} n` nb` kf}``y}`m kf nb}b.i{il`y 7 {òy odb& K }bbj gky 1333 Gbfmo Ygombt 403 ofm g` abpdg} o1339 Gbfmo X]W ?733 kf 133=& K spigoy`m n{ Gbfmo X]W ?733 F`b kf1338& K sp} obpfm 7,333 nkl`y o {ò bf n{ akj`& Nby} bh }g` nkl`y o`kf }btf oy mbf} d`} }b mb lbfd bom }ksy mp` }b o loij bh xoio}kbf mo{y&Kx` db} olnby} 43J nkl`y bf n{ F`b&

O ibpsl` bh {òy odb, t` oll db} o yio` tg`f t` lòf`m }go} Tklm.gby` gom a``f abomykm`m a{ of op}bnbakl` tgkl` bp} bf g` kbfgby`& G` ìbllì}kbf bh }g` oiikm`f} t`f} lkj` }gky, K toy dbkfd Ybp}g

bf Gt{ ?8;& O dp{ }pfkfd bhh ?8; Fb}g mkmf} y`` n` ofm sbi``m`m }b

}pf& K dox` g` }g` }gb}}l` ofm so{`mhb }g` a`y}& G` gk} n` kdg} a`gkfm n{l`h} l`d& K t`f} ?13 {omy yto{kfd aoijofm hb}g ap} foll{ db} n{ akj` y}bssòfm sp} }g` jkij y}ofm mbtf& ]g` d`f}nof yokm g` mkmf} jfbt tgo} g` gk} pfg` lbbj`m ofm yot n` yg }oklkfd mbtf

}g` bom& K odp`m tk}g ;?? }{kfd }b }`l}g`n K toy }g` bf` bf }g` nb}bi{il`&]g` BGS }k`m }b ioll of onaplofi` oyt`ll oy o }bt }pij& K `hpy`m& ]g`f }g`dp{ tgb gk} n` yokm g` gom o }okl` }btgkig K `ysbfm`m gox` {bp `x` goplò akj` a`hb`2/2/ G` gomf} mb K `flky}}g` dp{ ofm BGS }b spll }g` h`fm` bhhn{ }k` ofm ytpfd n{ l`d bx` g` ofm}blm }g`n }b hbllbt n` hb o nkl` ofm Kmtox` }g`n bhh kh K ibplm mb k}& K toy y`xnkl`y oto{ hbn gbn`& Bfi` K db} }g`

K }bbj n{y`lh }b }g` gbysk}ol& K `fm`m pgoxkfd spll`m }`fmbfy ofm lkdon`f} kf l`h} ofjl` tgkig `ypl}`m kf o ioy}, }bfn`fkyipy kf n{ l`h} jf``, }`fmkfk}ky kf nl`h} ygbplm` tgkig `ypl}`m kf o ylkfd o}g`{ ypnnbfy`m n` }b ip}ig`y// K go9 albtf mkyjy kf n{ fìj ofm gox` a``dg}kfd ypd`{ oy }g` f`pbypd`bf ifb} dpoof}`` }g` `ypl}y& K toy bhh tbhb }tb nbf}gy, ap} k} mkmf} j``s n` hn{ soyykbf bh kmkfd bfi` gòl`m& Yglkj` nof{ b}g`y tgbx` a``f gk} gox`

lòf`m, k} ky mofd`bpy ofm t` f`x`jfbt tg`f k} no{ goss`f }b py& Hp}g`nb`, t` gox` }b to}ig bp} hb b}g` `y tg`f t` d`} kf bp btf hbp tg``l]g` d`f}l`nof tgb gk} g` ky o `noftgb ky oll }bb oto` bh }g` mofd`y bhkmkfd&

]g`` toy bx` -=033 kf monod` mb}b g` }py}{ y}``m kf }g` oiikm`f}& Tk}o lb} bh ]LI yg`y a`}}` }gof `x` fbtG` km` ky o 133= Gbfmo X]W ?733& Ygoy mbf` nof{ nbmkio}kbfy kfilpm.

]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ ?=


17/48

kfd, GBJ igon`l`bf sokf} i{of }b spsl`: ipy}bn dosgkiy a{ n` bh n{ Npy}ofd, Ig`bj``, oy t`ll oy n{ ys``mbipy}bn lò}g` }ofj aka tk}g n{ `yip` no`, Ojklo, iox`m kf k}: Iolkfk os`y ofm ky`y: aom`m ioal`y: Ol`f F`ynkby: ipy}bn S= kf}oj` a{ D`nof S`}`: X(G Akdygb}y: igbn` tg``ly: igbn` fol mkx`: igbn` `y`xbk

ibx`y: Ibao ho}}{ gkdgto{ aoy: pyg Jp{ igbn` lki`fy` slo}` ibx`: ipy}bn `nabkm``m Pl}kno}` yò}: h`fmàka: bbabom hkfd` ( 9; }oyyl`y a{ Igklgbt``: Dbbm{ò ]ksl` ]òm 130"83"?8 bf }g` ò& M`ynbd olyb mbfìpy}bn lki`fy` slo}` òmy SLPN8I& Spsl` ky g` hoxbk}` iblb ofm `x`f g` iod` ky o Igoll`fd` YQ]7 tgkig kyspsl` tk}g o }od }go} òmy SLPN8@&

Tklmgby` ky olyb o Fo}kx` On`kiof Tbnof apykf`yy btf`& Yg` ofm g` gpyaofm btf ofm bsò}` Ig`bj``Hk` Sb}ì}kbf Sbh`yykbfoly& K} toy o slòyp` }b kf}`xk`t ofm ygo` g y}b{& K lbbj hbtom }b y``kfd g` ibf.}kfp`m `hhb}y }b g`ls g` h`llbt h`nol` km`y a{ so}kikso}kfd Fo}kbftkm` kf xo{kfd xblpf}`` yk}po}kbfy }b sbnb}`h`nol` kmkfd&

]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ ?


18/48

Holl tò}g` kf }g` nkm O}lof}ki iof qpkijl{ db hbn

bf` w}`n` }b ofb}g`& Qkmkfd o nb}bi{il` ky o sg{yk.

iol ofm o lòf`m yjkll& Oy ypig, {bp yjkll y`} iof mknkf.

kyg kh {bp mbf} km` `dplol{& Yb kh {bp gox` a``f bhh }g`

akj` hb of `w}`fm`m s`kbm bh }kn`, }oj` ybn` }kn` }b

`.oiilkno}` {bpy`lh }b {bp akj`& Kh {bp o` f`t km`,

a` yp` {bp gox` }g` sbs` iloyykhkio}kbf }b km` {bp

nb}bi{il`& Hkfm of bs`f oò b o sojkfd lb} ofm mb

ybn` ylbt ys``m nof`px`kfd ofm ybn` aojkfd mklly,

kh }g` yphoi` ky ibfmpikx`&

[bp fki`, `lowkfd km` }gbpdg }g` ibpf}{ ygbplm

a` hpf, ap} mbf} `low }bb npig& Tg`f kmkfd, {bp gox`

}b nokf}okf o ibfy}of} y}o}` bh oto`f`yy& Kh {bp km`

tk}g }g` ibfi`s} bh }{kfd }b km`f}kh{ `x`{ gouom {bp

y``, }g`` tbf} a` of{ ypsky`y& Tg`f km`f}kh{kfd biollkfd bp} gouomy, }g`` o` fb tbfd ofyt`y& Ioll

bp} x`{}gkfd5 mkx`to{, kf}`yì}kbf, igklm`f, mbdy,

soj`m ioy, bfibnkfd lkf` bh ioy a`gkfm o ylbt nbx.

kfd x`gkil`, alkfm ipx`, gklli`y}, m``, dox`l, ibfy}pi.

}kbf, sb}gbl`y, oklbom ibyykfd, }i& ]gky wìky` tkll

g`ls {bp s`so` hb ybn`}gkfd, ap} nb` knsb}of}l{, k}

tkll hbi` {bp }b yiof a`{bfm {bp fbnol abpfmok`y&

Kh {bp` bp} hb o fki` km` ofm hkfm {bpy`lh d`}}kfd

iopdg} kf }g` okf, {bp` dbkfd }b d`} t`}& Qkmkfd kf }g`

okf iof a` mbf` yoh`l{ kh {bp hbllbt o h`t yknsl` pl`y&

J``s okf dò tk}g {bp kh {bp gox` bbn& Qkmkfd tgkl`m{ tkll j``s {bp nb` ibnhb}oal` ofm ky l`yy mky.

}oi}kfd& J``s o sok bh ilò dloyy`y b tò o g`ln`}

ygk`lm bh ybn` }{s`& J``skfd }g` okf bp} bh {bp `{`y ky

knsò}kx`& Omepy} {bp kmkfd ys``m hb }g` ibfmk}kbfy&

J``s kf nkfm, tg`f k} okfy hb }g` hky} }kn` oh}` of

`w}`fm`m m{ s`kbm, }g`` tkll a` `wi`yykx` onbpf}y

bh bkl bf }g` bom, nojkfd ibfmk}kbfy w}`n`l{ ylkij&

To}ig hb y}ofmkfd to}`& Nb}bi{il` }k`y a{ m`ykdf

o` `hhkik`f} o} mkysloikfd to}` ap} o` fb} `w`ns} hbn

g{mbslofkfd& Q`n`na` to}` tkll sbbl kf }g` fb.

nol x`gkil` }oijy bf }g` bom ofm nby} bomto{y o`

ibtf`m ofm, oy ypig, to}` tkll a` m``s` bf }g` kdg}ykm` bh }g` bom& Dò ps, ylbt mbtf, iò}` mky}ofi`,

ofm y}o{ hbipy`m&

Tg`f holl a`dkfy }b y`} kf, }g` hollkfd lòx`y iof s`y.

`f} of pfoyypnkfd gouom& Nof{ s`bsl` x`f}p` bp}

}b y`` }g` holl iblby, s`y`f}kfd o ibpsl` bh gouomy&

Mkx`y no{ a` o lk}}l` mky}oi}`m ofm fb} so{kfd o}}`f.

}kbf }b }g` bom ofm hp}g` no{ fb} y`` {bp& A` yp`

}b j``s {bp mky}ofi` hbn b}g` x`gkil`y& Olyb, oy }g`

lòx`y a`dkf }b oiipnplo}` bf }g` bomto{ }g`{ iof a`

x`{ ylkij& Tg`}g` t`} b m{, mkxkfd }gbpdg y}oijy bh

lòx`y iof `mpi` }oi}kbf, nojkfd k} mkhhkipl} }b y}bs& O

yknsl` `mpi}kbf bh ys``m ofm oto`f`yy iof noj` oll

}g` mkhh``fi`&

Holl kmkfd iof s`y`f} ybn` so}kiplo gouomy,

fbf` nb` sbal`no}ki }gof m`` yòybf& Oy ibsy o`

gox`y}`m, }g` oò m`` iof hbod` ky `mpi`m& Ommk.

}kbfoll{, oy hon `qpksn`f} pf }gbpdg }g` hk`lmy, m``

o` a`kfd spyg`m kf}b b}g` oòy ofm, kf nof{ ioy`y,

ilby` }b }g` bom& Gpf}`y o` olyb kf }g` }kna`, spyg.

kfd m`` kf}b b}g` oòy& T` olyb gox` }b ibfykm` }gky

ky }g` a``mkfd yòybf hb m`` ofm }g` hoi} }g`{ tkll a`

pffkfd nb` oi}kx`l{ }gof fbnol& ]g` a`y} m`h`fy` ky

}b y}o{ oto`, so}kiplol{ tgkl` kf pol oòy& Yiof }g`

bomto{ ofm epy} bhh bh }g` ygbplm`y ofm to}ig hb m`ìbyykfdy& ]{skioll{ m`` nbx`n`f} tkll sòj o} mpyj

ofm motf& Oòy tg`` ibsy b }kna` o` `lo}kx`l{

ilby` }b }g` bom tkll s`y`f} }g` dò}`y} igoll`fd`&

]g`y` o` kmòl sloi`y hb m`` }b ibyy ofm, pfhb}p.

fo}`l{, tkll sbxkm` {bp }g` ygb}`y} òi}kbf }kn`&

Holl kf Xkdkfko akfdy xokoal` tò}g` ibfmk}kbfy& Bh.

}`f nkmmo{ }`nsò}p`y no{ a` ton ofm ibnhb}oal`

hb nb}bi{il` kmkfd, tgkl` bx`fkdg} }`nsò}p`y no{

a` fò h`ùkfd& K} aìbn`y fì`yyo{ }b a` ibdfkuof}

bh hby} bf }g` bomto{ kf }g` òl{ nbfkfd gbpy mpkfd

}g` holl& A` yp` }b so{ so}kiplo o}}`f}kbf hb hby} bf

akmd` mìjy b b}g` l`xo}`m yphoi`y, oklbom ibyy.

kfdy, ofm kf ygom{ oòy tg`` }g` nbfkfd ypf nkdg}

fb} gox` n`l}`m }g` hby} {`}&

Mbf} d`} l`h} kf }g` iblm& Kf }g` holl, }`nsò}p`y iof

pf }g` ysì}pn hbn ton }b a`lbt h`ùkfd& Kf nby}

ioy`y, `doml`yy bh nkmmo{ }`nsò}p`y, }g` }`nsò.

}p` tkll ykdfkhkiof}l{ mbs bfi` }g` ypf y}o}y }b y`}& K}y

olto{y o dbbm kmò }b j``s iblm tò}g` dò tk}g {bp

epy} kf ioy` {bp d`} m`}okf`m b km` lbfd` }gof {bp

of}kikso}`m& Qkmkfd tgkl` w}`n`l{ iblm iof iopy` o

fpna` bh mky}oi}kbfy& ]g` km` tkll a`dkf }b ygkx`, d`}

y}khh, b km` kf of pfb}gbmbw sbyk}kbf }{kfd }b skij psybn` fdkf` gò}& Oll bh }g`y` mky}oi}kbfy iof `mpi`

{bp oaklk}{ }b ibf}bl }g` nb}bi{il` yoh`l{, fb} }b n`f.

}kbf epy} a`kfd pfibnhb}oal`& K}y olyb o dbbm kmò }b

j``s o sok bh ilò bh dloyy`y b o ilò g`ln`} ygk`lm

hb kmkfd kf lbt lkdg} ibfmk}kbfy& [bp tkll tof} }b }ò}

}g`n tk}g ybn` hbn bh of}k.hbddkfd od`f} a`hb` kmkfd

kf iblm }`nsò}p`y&

@feb{ }g` tbfm`y bh holl ( j``s k} yoh` bp} bf }g`

bom/


19/48

Igìj bp} nbq` bh }g`y` Ysìkol Ygbss qy o} ttt&s`bsl`bhtolnoq}&ibn

Nojkfd Qbbn Hb Nb` . ]go}y s`}}{ npig}g` lbbj K gox` oh}` ]gofjydkxkfd mkff`& Ofm}b a` gbf`y}, }g` dp{ gom bf ypys`fm`y ofmo a`l} oll mo{ yb Kn yp` g` f``m`m o lk}}l`gofd h`` }kn`&

]pj`{ Lpj`{ Mbb . Gbl{ ygfkj`y/ K gom fbkmò Tolno} yblm }g`k sbpl}{ nò}y ybmonf h`yg/ Fbt }go} K jfbt }go} k}y dbffo a`]gofjydkxkfd `x`{mo{ hb n`/

T`ll dbaal` dbaal` `x`{bf`/ T` o} SbTNtof} }b tkyg `x`{bf` o Goss{ ]gofjydkxkfdofm olyb `nkfm `x`{bf` }b ap}}bf {bp sof}yaoij ps kh {bp slof bf pffkfd bp} }b Tolno}oh}` {bp akd hòy}/

]g` Gblkmo{ Nof tof}`m }b tkyg `x`{bf` oGoss{ ]gofjydkxkfdofm g` olyb tof}`m }bjfbt kh of{bf` tof}`m }b slo{ tk}g gky dkal`}y&

]g` Ygoj Nof . G` ky ibx``m kf ionb ap}kh {bp lbbj ilby`l{ {bp iof ysb} Noff{ Spkdi`làk}{ tklmlkh` `f}`}okf` hbn }g` ygbtyEoijoyy ofm TklmAb{u&

]g` Dò} Spnsjkfy . Yg` ky `k}g` ygbslkh}.kfd }gby` spnsjkfy b }gby` o` òl ofm ygìof} yl``s bf g` y}bnoig&

Goml { Fb}kiòal` ]g` B Hoi` . [bp y`` }go} lbbj bf g` hoi`2 Kn oyypsky`m oy yg` ky }go} yg` ky yk}}kfd bp}ykm` o Tolno} kf}g` nkmml` bh }g` mo{/

]g` S`bsl`Bh Tolnoq}



20/48

F`ty A{}`yHO]OLK]K@Y HOLL KF NKIGKDOF OH]@Q G@LN@] LOT Q@S@OL

]g` fpna`y ysòj hb }g`ny`lx`y, yokm Xkfi` Ibfykdlkb, s`ykm`f}

bh OAO]@ Nkigkdof, kf offbpfikfd o mìòy` kf nb}bi{il` mò}gy

ykfi` }g` y}o}` `sòl`m }g`k nofmo}b{ g`ln`} lot& M`ysk}` mk`s`mki}kbfy }b }g` ibf}o{, nb}bi{il` ho}olk}k`y oi}poll{ gox` mbss`m

a{ 4% aoy`m bf y}o}ky}kiy ba}okf`m hbn }g` Nkigkdof Y}o}` Sblki`

ofm }g` Nkigkdof Yì`}o{ bh Y}o}`& Bf Oskl ?1, 13?1, }g` `qpk`.

n`f} hb nb}bi{il` g`ln`}y toy on`fm`m }b ollbt ompl} igbki` hbakj`y 1? ofm blm`, sbxkmkfd }g`{ ibnsl`}`m of oii`mk}`m nb}bi{.

il`.yoh`}{ ibpy` b gom o nkfknpn bh }tb {òy kmkfd `ws`k`fi`&

Oiibmkfd }b of OAO]@ s`yy `lòy`, hbn 13?? 's`.on`fmn`f}+ }b

13?1 'sby} on`fmn`f}+ nb}bi{il` ho}olk}k`y mbss`m hbn 7; }b 70 kf

Nkigkdof, o =&0% `mpi}kbf& Mpkfd }g` yon` }kn` s`kbm, }g` fpna`

bh nb}bi{il` `dky}o}kbfy kfiòy`m hbn 18?,807 }b 188,07;, yb

OAO]@ ibfilpm`y: Kh }g` ho}olk}{ o}` ky omepy}`m }b }g` }b}ol bh nb}b.

i{il` `dky}o}kbfy k} ygbty }go} }g` ho}olk}{ o}` goy mìòy`m hbn

3&39=% }b 3&39?% ykfi` }g` g`ln`}.lot on`fmn`f} . o y`x`f sì`f}

`mpi}kbf& ]gky mo}o sbx`y ibfilpykx`l{ }go} }g` g`ln`}.lot on`fm.n`f} gom fb omx`y` `hhì} bf nb}bi{il` yoh`}{, Ibfykdlkb }blm ]g`

M`}bk} F`ty&

M@@Q ]OJ@ M@OML[ ]BLL BF NB]BQI[ILKY]Y

Tg`f o m`` ibllkm`y tk}g o x`gkil` }go} t`kdgy o ibpsl` bh }bfy,

}g` hodkl` ofknol olnby} olto{y d`}y }g` tby} bh k}& Tg`f o m``

n``}y o nb}bi{il` bf }g` bomto{, ab}g }g` km` ofm }g` m`` no{

yphh` }g` yon` ho}`, y}o}`m }g` Toygkfd}bf Sby} kf `sb}kfd bf

`yòig a{ OOO }go} hbpfm }go} y`x`f bh }g` `kdg} s`bsl` tgb mk`m

kf ioyg`y kfxblxkfd m`` bx` o }g``.{ò s`kbm kf No{lofm ofm

Xkdkfko t`` nb}bi{ilky}y& Fo}kbftkm`, }g` op}b ilpa yokm, oabp} 43%bh m``.ioyg ho}olk}k`y kfxblx` nb}bi{il`y& Aìopy` }g`{ o` kmkfd

bf }tb tg``ly, nb}bi{il` km`y ofm }g`k soyy`fd`y o` `ysìkoll{

xplfòal` tg`f }g`{ ynoyg kf}b o m``, yokm Ebgf A& ]btfy`fm KK,

of OOO ysbj`ynof& ]g` m`` nb}olk}{ o}` aìbn`y nby} `xkm`f}

}gky }kn` bh {ò, oy }g` no}kfd yòybf goy nb` m`` bf }g` nbx`&

]g`k ioioyy`y a{ }g` bomykm` o}}`y} }b }g` mofd` }go} }g` lp` bh

bnofi` sby`y hb }g`n ofm hb mkx`y& Kf 13?3, }g` lo}`y} {ò hb

tgkig }g`` o` fo}kbfol y}o}ky}kiy, =39 s`bsl` t`` jkll`m kf oiikm`f}y

kfxblxkfd m``&

NB]BQI[IL@ ]G@H]Y M@ILKF@O }b}ol bh =8,884 nb}bi{il`y t`` `sb}`m y}bl`f kf 13??, ofm

?4,?;; bh }g`n t`` ìbx``m, oiibmkfd }b o `sb} `lòy`m }bmo{

a{ }g` Fo}kbfol Kfypofi` Ikn` Apòp& ]go} ibnso`y }b =;,4;?

y}bl`f akj`y kf 13?3, o mìòy` bh 8%& Iolkhbfko, }g` nby} sbsplbpy

P&Y& y}o}` ofm }g` bf` tk}g }g` nby} y}bl`f nb}bi{il`y ykfi` }g`

FKIA a`dof ibllì}kfd mo}o kf ?;;8, `}okf`m k}y }bs ysb} tk}g 0,;14

}g`h}y loy} {ò& K} toy hbllbt`m a{ ]`woy, Hlbkmo, Fb}g Ioblkfo

ofm Kfmkofo& ]g` y}o}` `sb}kfd }g` lbt`y} fpna` bh }g`h}y toy

Fb}g Mojb}o '1?+ hbllbt`m a{ T{bnkfd, Ybp}g Mojb}o, X`nbf},

Oloyjo, ofm Nbf}ofo& Qìbx`k`y bh y}bl`f nb}bi{il`y t`` lod`l{

sbsb}kbfol }b }g`h}y, tk}g Iolkhbfko }g` lòm` kf ìbx`k`y '1,370+

hbllbt`m a{ Hlbkmo '?,99=+, ]`woy ';80+, Kfmkofo '48;+, ofm Fb}g

Ioblkfo '410+& ]g` bxòll oxòd` }kn` bh ìbx`k`y toy 9? mo{y&

Epl{ ofm Opdpy} t`` }g` akdd`y} nbf}gy hb }g`h}y kf }g` P&Y& loy}{ò, tk}g nb` }gof 0,333 òig, ibnso`m tk}g 1,?=4 kf Hàpo{,

}g` `sb} ygbty& Tg`òy }g` fpna bh }g`h}y kfiòy`y mono}k.

ioll{ kf }g` ton` nbf}gy, }g` mo{ bh }g` t``j y``ny }b a` bh fb

ykdfkiofi`& Bf Nbfmo{y, }g` mo{ bh }g` lod`y} fpna`, }g`` t``

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Kh {bpm lkj` }b ebkf ]g` Ilpa Gbpy`, `nokl j`ll{C}gpfm`bomy.xkdkfko&ibn

Akj`q Soly]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ 1


24/48

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25/48

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26/48

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27/48

Ibffì} tk}g Py ? '733+ 010.LBX@ '0879+@x`{ mo{, Dbm py`y J.LBX@ }b noj` o mkhh``fi` kf nkllkbfy bh lkx`y& A{ sbxkmkfd sbyk}kx`npyki ofm kfysko}kbfol y}bk y, J.LBX@ g lsy s`bsl mot ilby` }b Dbm& Pflkj` b}g` omkby}o}kbfy, J.LBX@ goy o hpll }kn` nkfky}{ }òn }go} sbi`yy`y bx` ?33 sgbf` iolly o mo{ bhlky}`f`y kf f``m bh dpkmofi`& ]g` soy}by ofm y}ohh o} J.LBX@ so{ hb bx` ?,333 so{``qp`y}y `x`{ mo{, ofm bf oxòd`, kf}`x`f` kf bf` ypkikm` ioy` s` mo{& Kh J.LBX@ goyknsoi}`m {bp lkh`, k} ky aìopy` d`f`bpy lky}`f`y y}`ss`m bp} bf hok}g }b ypssb} }g` nkfky}{bh J.LBX@& T` oyj }go} {bp olyb }oj` }go} y}`s bh hok}g ofm `foal py }b ibf}kfp` nojkfd osbyk}kx` mkhh``fi` kf bp tblm& Tolj tk}g }g` tky` ofm aìbn` tky`: oyybiko}` tk}g hbblyofm d`} kf }bpal & 'Sbxày ?9513 FL]+ ]gpfm` Qbomy Xkdkfko ky o J.LBX@ Apykf`yy] on N`na`& Hkfm o y}o}kbf fò {bp o} ttt&jlbx`&ibn

Dbmbf Sòig` Aoibf

S`y`f}l{ bx`y`` bh Qpygkfd Tkfm

Nkfky}{ kf Ybp}g`f No{lofm ofm }g`

hbpfm` bh Qpygkfd Tkfm Nb}bi{il`

Nkfky}{ bh No{lofm& Sòig` toy o

Nkyykbfo{ bf }g` Foxoeb Q`y`xo}kbf

kf F`t N`wkib& Soy}b`m kf Okubfo,

T`y} Xkdkfko ofm L`wkfd}bf Soj, NM&

@mpio}`m o} Yt``}to}` Akal` Ibll`d`kf Dl`fmol`, OU, Bmokf`m kf ?;79 o}

]g` Qbij Igpig kf Xkdkfko Aòig, XO&

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Bp gò}y o` abj`f ofm gp} hb }g` honklk`y kfxblx`mt` y`fm bp} so{`y }b of{ bh {bp tgb no{ gox` a``f}bpig`m a{ yknklo }od`mk`y&

]gky {ò mpkfd M`lnoxo Akj` T``j, Qpygkfd TkfmNb}bi{il` Nkfky}{ g`lm }g` y} `x` Akj` Ypfmo{o} Nokf`y A`}g`l Pfk}`m N`}gbmky} Igpig kf BiòfXk`t, M@& ]g`` toy o dbbm }pf bp} ofm }g` igpigtoy soij`m& ]gky {ò }g`` toy bf` y`xki` bf Ypfmo{

nbfkfd& F`w} {ò t` o` lbbjkfd hb o }tb mo{ Qoll{mpkfd Akj` T``j& K gom o tbm }go} K ygo`m bp} .Syoln 94519.1= F`t Jkfd Eon`y X`ykbf 'FJEX+19 ]g` y}`sy bh o dbbm nof o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm,Ofm G` m`lkdg}y kf gky to{&1= Hb }g` Lbm psgblmy gkn tk}g Gky gofm&]gbpdg g` holl, g` ygoll fb} a` p}} l{ ioy} mbtf:Oy K lbbj o} }gky so}kiplo x y , K toy flkdg} f`m a{ }g` Gbl{Yskk} bf }g` nof{ }gkfdy }go} {bp iof yo{ kf Syoln 94519

%]g` y}`sy bh o Igky}kof nof o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y}`sy bh o Yox`m nof o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm

%]g` y}`sy bh o Yofi}k`m nof o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y} sy bh o Gbl{ Dgby} ll m nof o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y}`sy bh of Ofbkf}`m nof o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y}`sy bh o nof tgb ky ioll`m ofm bmokf`m a{ Dbmo` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm

B {bp iof yo{5%]g` y}`sy bh o dbbm gpyaofm o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y}`sy bh o dbbm ho}g` o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y}`sy bh o dbbm dofmho}g` o` bm``m a{ }g` Lbm%]g` y}`sy bh o dbbm ab}g`, pfil`, b ibpykf o` bm``ma{ }g` Lbm

Syoln 94519 yo{y, ]g` y}`sy bh o dbbm nof o`

bm``m a{ }g` Lbm&Fbt o qp`y}kbf ky a`kfd oyj`m, ofm }g` qp`y}kbf ky,

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g` mb`y fb} py` mpdy, d`} mpfj bf olibgbl, b igoy`tbn`f& O nof mb`y fb} aìbn` o dbbm nof epy}aìopy` g` db} nbf`{ kf }g` aofj, b g` goy lb}y bhm`d``y a`gkfm gky fon`& ]go} ky o nof mb`y fb} aìbn`dbbm a{ gky btf dbbmf`yy aìopy` Kyokog 8=58 yo{y }go}bp btf dbbmf`yy b bp btf kdg}`bpyf`yy ky fb}gkfdap} o l}g{ od a`hb` }g` Lbm&

Yb }g` qp`y}kbf ky y}kll a`kfd oyj`m5 Gbt mb`y o nof

aìbn`y o dbbm nof2Syoln ?3350 yo{y, Hb }g` Lbm ky dbbm, gky nì{ ky

`x`loy}kfd ofm gky }p}g fmp`}g }b oll d`fò}kbfy&Ykfi` }g` Lbm ky dbbm oll }g` }kn`, ofm oll }g` }kn` ]g`

Lbm ky dbbm, }g`f k} ky }g` Lbm }go} noj`y o nof o dbbmnof& Ofm }g` Lbm noj`y o nof }b aìbn` o dbbm noftg`f }g` nof a`lk`x`y ofm ì`kx`y E`ypy Igky} oy Gkys`ybfol Lbm ofm Yoxkb&



28/48

O Jbolo ky yk}}kfd ps kf o dpn }`` &&& ynbjkfd o ebkf}, tg`f o

lk}}l` lkuom toljy soy} ofm lbbjy ps ofm yo{y, G`{ Jbolo / Tgo}

o` {bp mbkfd2 ]g` jbolo yo{y5 Ynbjkfd o ebkf}, ibn` ps ofm

gox` ybn`& Yb }g` lk}}l` lkuom ilknay ps ofm yk}y f`w} }b }g`

jbolo ofm }g`{ gox` o h`t ebkf}y& Oh}` o tgkl` }g` lk}}l` lkuom yo{y

gky nbp}g ky m{ ofm g` ky dbkfd }b d`} o mkfj hbn }g` kx`& Ap}

}g` lk}}l` lkuom ky yb y}bf`m }go} g` lòfy }bb ho bx` ofm holly

kf}b }g` kx`& O ibibmkl` y``y }gky, ytkny bx` }b }g` lk}}l` lkuom

g`lsy gkn }b }g` ykm`, ofm }g`f oyjy }g` lk}}l` lkuom5 Tgo}y }g`

no}}` tk}g {bp2 ]g` lk}}l` lkuom `wslokfy }b }g` ibibmkl` }go}

g` toy yk}}kfd ynbjkfd o ebkf} tk}g }g` jbolo kf }g` }``, db} }bb

y}bf`m ofm h`ll kf}b }g` kx` tgkl` }ojkfd o mkfj& ]g` ibibmkl`

yo{y g` goy }b igìj }gky bp}, yb g` toljy kf}b }g` okf hb`y},

hfmy }g` }q`` tg`q` }g` jbolo ky yk}}kfd hfkygkfd o ebkf}, ofm g`

lbbjy ps ofm yo{y G`{ {bp/ Yb }g` jbolo lbbjy mbtf o} gkn

ofm yo{y5 Ygkkkkkkkkkkk}, mpm` &&&&&&&&&&&tgo} kf }g` g`ll ky kf }go} to}`

{bp mofj2//

K toy kf o spa loy} Yo}pmo{ fkdg}, mofj o h`t, ofm fb}ki`m }tb

x`{ lod` tbn`f a{ }g` ao& ]g`{ ab}g gom s`}}{ y}bfd oi.

i`f}y, yb K oyj`m, G`{, o` {bp }tb lomk`y hbn K`lofm2 Bf` bh

}g`n igks`m yo{kfd, K}y TOL@Y, {o kmkb}/

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tgol`y hbn K`lofm2

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o sblki` y}o}kbf&

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ofm Kx` epy} t`} nkf`&

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}gbpdg} oabp} of od` blm qp`y}kbf5 Ky dkxkfd ak}g nb` sokfhpl

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fp}y& T`ll, oh}` ofb}g` a``, ofm ybn` gòx{ m`mpi}kx` }gkfj.

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ky }g` òybf hb n{ ibfilpykbf& O {ò b yb oh}` dkxkfd ak}g,

o tbnof tkll bh}`f yo{, k} nkdg} a` fki` }b gox` ofb}g` igklm&

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nkdg} a` òm{ }b }{ ofb}g` jkij kf }g` fp}y& K `y} n{ ioy &

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K toy }`llkfd o albfm` nof hk`fm bh nkf`5 Igky}noy ky bf o Hk

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Ofm }g`f G` ynkl`m ofm nom` }g` ò}g bpfm&



29/48

Sloikfd of om tk}g py2Lky}kfd {bp `x`f} kf bp iol`fmo2

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kyyp`.mbf} a` l`h} a`gkfm/

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30/48]GPFM@Q QBOMY NODOUKF@ 17


31/48

Ioqqk` Y`kh`q} ]o}` ofm OnoubfQoikfd I`làqo}` ]g`kq Hkqy}OGMQO Fk}qb Goql`{ Tkf/

T` gox` hbllbt`m Ioqqk` Y`kh`q} ]o}` ykfi` loy} {òqy OGMQO qoi`ykf ]plyo, BJ& T` t`q` }gqkll`m }b y`` }go} }gky {òqy ytk}ig }b }g` Fk}qbGoql`{ Iloyy goy a``f yb ypii`yyhpl }go} yg` qì`f}l{ iopdg} o qy} sloi`fkyg/ T` ibfdqo}plo}` }g` Onoubf Qoikfd ] on bf }gky tkf ofm tkyg}g`n nbq` ypii`yy oy }g`{ tqos ps }gky {òqy yòybf& ]

S`yy Q`lòy` hbn Onoubf QoikfdIok` Y`kh`} ]o}` o&j&o& ]g` ONOUBF db`y }b }g` Tkff`y Ikil` o}

}g` OGMQO Lka`}{ Fk}b Fo}kbfoly kf Io}otkyyo, SO, Y`s}`na` ;, 13?1&Y`kh`} ]o}` ky ip`f}l{ Fpna` 1 kf Fo}kbfol Sbkf}y kf }g` OGMQO SbMod Fk}b Gol`{ Iloyy& Yg` `feb{`m g` y} tkf bf g` Goto{o QoikfdSb Mod akj`, Ap}py, loy} t``j`fm oh}` }tb Qpff` Ps fkyg`y& ]g`y} kf O}ib, FE, bf No{ 13}g }g`f odokf o} Fbtolj, BG, Epf` ?3}g& ]gÒnoubf Qoikfd ] on toy òm{ hb o akd tkf&

Oh}` }g` lbfd ?,133 nkl` mkx` }b S`ffy{lxofko k} toy }kn` }b d`} mbtf

}b apykf`yy& Mpkfd bp }`y} ofm }pf` soyy Hkmo{ t` mkyibx``m o ilp}igsbal`n, yo{y g` I`t Igk`h ofm gpyaofm, J`{ ]o}`& K h`l} lkj` t` gomk} ibì}`m Hkmo{ fkdg} yb t` t`` òm{ hb qpolkh{kfd bf Yo}pmo{& T`jf`t t` nkdg} d`} bfl{ bf` qpolkh{kfd soyy kf mp` }b s`mki}`m okf yb t`f``m`m }b noj` k} ibpf}& ]g` Onoubf ion` bp} y}bfd, ap} yg` mkh}`m }b}g` i`f}` lkf` }ojkfd bp} }tb ibf`y bf }g` akd `fm bh }g` }oij, ]o}` ibf.}kfp`y& ]g` soyy toy mkyqpolk`m ofm tk}g }g` okf nbxkfd kf t` }gbpdg}t` t`` mbf` hb }g` t``j`fm& N& J`{ ibf}kfp`m }b s`s Ap}py epy} kfioy` }g` okf g`lm bhh ofm lpijkl{ k} mkm& ]g` Onoubf Qoikfd ] on nom` oyìbfm qpolkh{kfd soyy pffkfd o 4&894 sp}}kfd }g`n kf }g` )9 ysb}&

Ypfmo{ }pf`m bp} }b a` o aòp}khpl mo{ hb oikfd& ]g` y} oi` ]gÒnoubf lkf`m ps tk}g S`}` Y}knlkfd ofm toy oal` }b d`} a{ gkn tk}g g`4&4=? ibnso`m }b gky 4&;0?& T` t`` y}kll t`y}lkfd tk}g o ilp}ig sba.l`n dbkfd kf }b }g` y`nk.foly odokfy} }g` )? sbkf}y lòm`, Y}`x` Sk` bhAom Ossl` Qoikfd, yo{y Iok`& Y}`x` ky o ì` ibns`}k}b ofm }g`` kyfb bbn hb `b dbkfd ps odokfy} gkn& K jf`t K toy dbkfd }b gox` }b aò}gkn bhh }g` lkf` }b d`} o lk}}l` `md` ofm gbs` `x`{}gkfd g`lm }bd`}g`& Y}`xòfm K gox` a``f mpjkf k} bp} oll yòybf& Kx` db}}`f a{ gkn bfi` olòm{ kf

Qbijkfdgon yb K h`l} lkj` t` ibplm spll k} bhh ofm aò} gkn odokf, yg` yo{yynklkfd& Y}`x` of o 4&=7? ofm ]g` Onoubf of o 4&0=0& Pfhb}pfo}`l{ hbSk`, g` `m lkdg}`m ofm Onoubf Qoikfd toy dbkfd }b }g` foly/

T` t`` gòm`m }b }g` foly odokfy} bp hk`fm ofm 13?? OGMQO SbMod Qbbjk` bh }g` [ò, Qkig X``lofm bh X``lofmy Gol`{.MoxkmybfQoikfd, yo{y N& J`{& ]g` Onoubf toy bf g don` ofm pffkfd tkmbs`f ofm y}okdg} oy of obt ykfi` g` yqpk`ll{ y} qpolkh{kfd soyy& K

jf`t yg` toy kf g` dbbx`& T` t`` y}kll dg}kfd }g` ilp}ig sbal`n ybt` gom ybn` y}o}`dki mìkykbfy }b noj`& T` mkmf} mkx` 1,=33 nkl`ybpfm }ks }b a` Qpff` Ps& K} toy oll b fb}gkfd, g` yo{y&

]g` ybpfm bh Fk}b apfkfd Gol`{y ibn`y }b lkh` ofm oh}` }g` apf bp}y}g`{ ab}g bll ps }b }g` y}odkfd lkdg}y& Qkig gom a``f kmkfd lkj` o igons

oll t``j`fm ofm gky ab}g` Qo{ X``lofm toy }pfkfdgky akj`& ]go}y o }bpdg ibnakfo}kbf }b aò}& Bf`nky}oj` bf n{ so} ofm t`m a` mbf` hb, yo{y Iok`X``lofm epns`m ]g` Onoubf tk}g o &?18 òi}kbf}kn` }b g` &?9?& Yg` spll`m y}bfd ofm y}okdg} oll }g`to{ mbtf }g` ?,913 tk}g o 4&0? o} ?80&9? }b Qkigy7&?=; o} ??0&?1& ]g` Onoubf Qoikfd ] on spll`m bh}g` akd tkf/

T` ossìko}` bp ysbfyby5 Goto{o Qoikfd, Ao}`

Ipy}bn Lò}g`y, @fdkf```m S`hbnofi` ]bblkfd,A``f`y Aodd`y, Ibfto{ Ibllkykbf ofm Yps`kbKf}`kby& ]gofjy }b Ebgff{ Xkij`y bh Goto{o Qoikfhb ygokfd gky tkymbn ofm }ìgfkiol ypssb} a`}t``foi`y& ]gofjy }b Lòff` Spxky hb j``skfd }g` hok}g&]gofjy }b Akll{ Eoijybf hb g`lskfd py kf }g` sk}ya`}t``f bpfmy& T` olyb tof} }b }gofj Qkig, Qo{ofm So}}{ X``lofm bh X``lofmy Gol`{.Moxkmybfhb ysbfybkfd }gky oi`& T` }gofj }g` soyykbfo}`Gol`{ mod oikfd hofy tgb ibn` bp} ofm ypssb} bptbfm`hpl ysb}&

Hb nb` kfhbno}kbf oabp} bp oikfd sbdon db}b ttt&onoubfmodoikfd&ibn



32/48

]ìg ]ksyBkly ofm Lpa`y ?3?5

A{ To{f` ]kssSbt`.]kss S`hbnofi`, Kfi&

]g` `fdkf` bkl ofm lpakiof} kfmpy}{ ky akd apykf`yy tblmtkm`& ]gky }bski}`fmy }b aìbn` o gò}`m mkyipyykbf oy nof{ nb}bi{il` btf`y }`fm }b aò}g` bskfkbfo}`m bf }g` }bski, oy t`ll& Hb nb}bi{il` nofphoi}p`y, }g`mòl }g`{ noj` tk}g o dkx`f bkl ibnsof{ }b py` o ysìki bkl iof nòf nb`}gof o h`t Mblloy yox`m bf òig nb}bi{il` sbmpi`m, ofm iopy` nof{km`y }b py` o ysìki bkl aofm }go} }g`{ nkdg} fb} b}g`tky` a` pffkfd&Oy o `ypl}, }g`` ky o dò} m ol bh noj`}kfd.ys oj, l`dol`y , sbsodofmo,blm.tkx`y.}ol`y, ofm yknsl{ aom b ibfhpykfd kfhbno}kbf ibfi`fkfd `fdkf`bkly ofm lpa`y& Kf bm` }b ip} }gbpdg }b }g` gò} bh }g` no}}`, }gky o}kil`tkll o}}`ns} }b yknslkh{ }g` }bski }b }g` ao` abf`y, ofm sbxkm` kfhbno}kbfxolpoal` }b }g` lkh` bh {bp `fdkf`&

]b a`dkf tk}g, }g` y} fpna` bf of bkl ab}}l` loa`l ky }g` xkyibyk}{ 't`kdg}

b }gkijf`yy+ o} to}`y abklkfd sbkf}& ]g` xkyibyk}{ bh }g` bkl o} fò h`ùkfd}`nsy ky }g` T. lky}`m kf }g` bkl t`kdg} bf }g` loa`l& Nby} bkl aoy` y}bijygox` o y}o}kfd xkyibyk}{ ilby` }b ?1.?4 t`kdg} o} 1?1 H, ofm 94 t`kdg} o} 91H& ]gky nòfy }go} nby} bkl aoy`y y}o} oy bpdgl{ o ?1t.94 t`kdg} bkl& Ommk.}kx` soijod`y o` }g`f omm`m }b ol}` xkyibyk}{, knsbx` gkdg s`yyp` tò,ilòf, s`x`f} hbonkfd, `}i& K} ky }g` ommk}kx` soijod` }go} y`soo}`y bf` bklbh }g` yon` aoy` y}bij hbn }g` b}g`y& Xkyibyk}{ nbmk`y o` aofig.igokfnblìpl`y ygos`m lkj` yskfdy& ]g`y` tkfm ofm pftkfm lkj` ibkly o} mkhh``f}}`nsy, ol}`kfd }g` xkyibyk}{, ofm tkm`fkfd }g` xkyibyk}{ ofd` o} mkhh``f}}`nsy& Gbt`x`, }g`y` }`fm }b a` hokl{ hodkl`, ofm o` òykl{ abj`f ps a{dòy . lkj` kf }g` }ofynkyykbf bh o akj` `fdkf`& Oy o `ypl}, akj` `fdkf`y }go}py` `fdkf` bkl hb }g` }ofynkyykbf ofm b}g` dòy, }`fm }b a` gom bf tkm`xkyibyk}{ `fdkf` bkly, ofm }g` ygkh}kfd aìbn`y fb}ig{ bfi` }g` bkl aòjy

mbtf& Kf ton` ilkno}`y, }g`` ky l`yy f``m hb tkm` xkyibyk}{ ofd`y }gofkf iblm ilkno}`y tk}g }gby` tgb km` {ò.bpfm&

Dò lpakiof}y o` }`y}`m ofm o}`m mkhh``f}l{ }gof `fdkf` bkly& O 40t.;3dò lpakiof} oi}poll{ goy o xkyibyk}{ bpdgl{ }g` yon` oy o ?0t.=3 `fdkf`bkl& Kf bm` }b n``} DL= b DL0 o}kfdy, dò lpa`y ibf}okf npig gkdg`l`x`ly bh of}k.hbonkfd od`f}y, oy t`ll oy npig gkdg` l`x`ly bh gkdg s`yypòmmk}kx`y, tk}g gkdg` ipyg sb}ì}kbf& Tk}g `fdkf`y pykfd y`soo}` }ofy.nkyykbfy, skno{ mkx`y, ofm fol mkx`y, t` f``m }b so{ so}kiplo o}}`f}kbf}b pykfd }g` ibì} lpakiof} hb }g` f``m bh }g` so}y&]g`` o` x` dbpsy hb nb}b bkl aoy` y}bijy5

Dbps K ofm KK o` y}ofmom `f`m nkfòl aoy` bkly&Dbps KKK ky g{mbioij`m nkfòl aoy` bkl& Nby}l{ nòfkfd }go} soofy

'tow`y+ gox` a``f `nbx`m&Dbps KX o` Sbl{olsgobl`f 'SOB+ y{f}g`}ki aoy` bkly& Nòfkfd }go} }g`

nblìpl`y gox` a``f yb}`m a{ yku` hb ysìki sbs`}k`y, ofm npig gkdg`}`ns y}oaklk}{&

Dbps X y{f}g`}kiy o` sknokl{ `y}`y ofm mk`y}` aoy` bkly sbmpi`mhbn slof} bkly& Nby}l{ nom` hbn aofofo, ibibfp}, ioy}` aòf, `}i&, bkly .dkxkfd }g`n }g`k yn`ll ofm y}kijkf`yy, oy t`ll oy gkdg }`ns y}oaklk}{&

Y{f}g`}ki bkl mb`y fb} olto{y nòf tgo} {bp no{ }gkfj& O dbbm nof{{òy odb, Ioy}bl y}o}`m loa`lkfd }g`k dbps KKK bkl oy y{f}g`}ki& Nbakl`l`m o ibnslokf} tk}g }g` omx`}kykfd mkxkykbf bh }g` A`}}` Apykf`yy Apòpbf }gky& ]g` AAA mìkm`m }go} dbps KKK bkly ibplm a` loa`l`m y{f}g`}ki kf }g`

PYO& Oy o `ypl}, nof{ ibnsofk`y loa`l Dbps KKK bkly oy y{f}g`}ki kf }g`PYO& Gbt`x`, }g` `y} bh }g` tblm y}kll bfl{ ibfykm`y dbps KX ofm X aoy`y}bijy oy y{f}g`}ki, mp` }b }g` nof.nom` fo}p` bh }g` y}bijy, }`ns y}oaklk}{`}i&

Y{f}g`}ki al`fmy o` nkfòl aoy` y}bijy 'pypoll{ dbps KK+ tk}g ps }b 93%SOB b `y}`"mk`y}` aoy` y}bij omm`m . kfilpmkfd }g` ommk}kx` soijod`y&Tgkl` }gky mb`y knsbx` nof{ igooi}`ky}kiy bh }g` bkl, }g` knsbx`n`f}y}`fm }b ibn` tk}g o ibfykmòal{ gkdg` ski` }od& D`fòll{ ysòjkfd, o03"03 al`fm bh dbps KK bkl tk}g o dbps KX b X bkl tkll dkx` 40% bh }g` a`f`}bh o sp` dbps KX b X bkl&

Dbps K, KK, ofm KKK nkfòl aoy`y }`fm }b y}o} aòjkfd mbtf o} 1?0 H .110 H& Tgkl` Dbps KX, ofm X y}bijy }`fm }b gblm ps }b t`ll bx` 910 H& Tk}lbiolku`m aòkfd }`nsy oal` }b `wi``m =03 H, }g` aoy` y}bij py`m noj`y oakd mkhh``fi`&

Gòxk` xkyibyk}{ bkly `qpk` nb` tbj hbn }g` `fdkf` ofm bkl y{y}`n}b spns }gbpdg }g` `fdkf`& ]g`{ olyb mb fb} io{ oto{ lbiolku`m gò}oy t`ll oy lkdg}` xkyibyk}{ bkly& Bf }g` m{fb, `fdkf`y g`lm o} o ibfy}of}`fdkf` ys``m ofm lbom }`fm }b ygbt bsò}kfd }`ns mkhh``fi`y bh bx` ?3H a`}t``f o 03t} ofm =3t} bkly& Gbt`x`, ybn` `fdkf` ilòofi`y ofmm`ykdfy `qpk` gòxk` t`kdg} bkly . `ysìkoll{ o} kml` `fdkf` ys``my ofm}`nsò}p`y&

Ibnso`m }b dbps K, KK ofm KKK bkly, dbps KX ofm X bkly `dplol{ ygbt

knsbx`n`f}y kf bp}sp}, `mpi`m `fdkf` }`nsy, ofm kfiòy`m iboy} mbtf,bf }g` m{fb, oy t`ll oy gkdg` o}kfdy hbn Hol`w ofm tò yio }`y}y& ]gky kmp` }b `mpi`m hki}kbf, ofm knsbx`m gkdg s`yyp` sb}ì}kbf& ]gky ollbty{bp }b pf of `x`f lkdg}` bkl xkyibyk}{, hb `x`f hp}g` dokfy kf bp}sp}, ofmgò} io{kfd oaklk}{& Gbt`x`, }g`` o` ybn` dbps KX b X bkly }go} aòjmbtf x`{ qpkijl{, ofm mb fb} sbxkm` }g`y` a`f`}y hb nof{ nkl`y&

Nof{ akj`y }bmo{ ibn` tk}g y{f}g`}ki b y{f}g`}ki al`fm bkly kdg} bhh }g`ygbtbbn bb& Pykfd o m`mkio}`m aòj.kf sbi`mp`, t` fm }go} pykfddbps KX b X bkly }oj`y fòl{ }tki` }g` }kn` ibnso`m }b dbps KK b KKK bklyhb kfd yòl }b mbs kf}b sloi` hb }od`}`m albt.a{ bt, tg`f pykfd o btn`}` ibffì}`m }b }g` iofjioy`& Mb`y }gky nòf }go} {bp ioffb} b ygbpfb} aòj.kf of `fdkf` bf y{f}g`}ki bkly2 Fb, epy} }go} k} no{ fb} a` }g` a`y}mìkykbf&Akj` `fdkf` bkly gox` `mpi`m nbl{am`fpn ibf}`f} 'hb t`} ilp}ig`y+, ofmgkdg` ukfi, sgbysgbpy, ofm b}g` gkdg s`yyp` ommk}kx`y 'hb xolx`.}okfibnsbf`f}y+ }gof io bkly, oy t`ll oy npig nb` of}k.hbon ommk}kx`y 'hbdòy+& Kf 1338, io bkly ykdfkiof}l{ `mpi`m }g` gkdg s`yyp` ommk}kx`y kf}g`y` bkly& ]gky toy kf of `hhb} }b d`} io}ol{}ki ibfx`}`y }b loy} ?33,333nkl`y& ]g`y` bkly o` fb} dbbm hb }g` xolx`.}okf bf nb}bi{il` `fdkf`y&

Ybn` bkly hbon ibfykmòal{ nb` }gof b}g`y mp` }b }g` oi}kbf bh }g`dòy ofm b}o}kfd so}y kf }g` `fdkf`& ]gky iof a` y``f bf akj`y tk}g bkll`x`l ykdg} dloyy tkfmbty tgkl` bf }g` m{fb& K} ky òy{ hb }g` b}o}kfd iofj.ygoh}, bmy, `}i& }b skij ps ofm hbn bs`y bh hbon{ bkl kf }g` iofjioy`&]g`y` bs`y }g`f skij ps nb` ofm nb` bkl . `ysìkoll{ oy {bp }tky} ofm}pf }g` akj`, ofm bkl ylbyg`y obpfm kf }g` iofjioy`& ]gky noj`y }g`y`

so}y gom` }b yskf, }`n`m tkfmod`, tgkig bay bp}sp} ofm hp`l ìbfbn{hbn }g` `fdkf`&

Bkl ioxk}o}kbf ommy ok }b bkl& Of `fdkf` bkl tkll gblm ps }b ;% bh k}y xblpn`kf ok& Pflkj` bkl, ok ky ibns`yykal`, ofm `mpi`y }g` bkly oaklk}{ }b hbn og{moplki t`md` kf aòkfd ilòofi`y ofm a`}t``f }g` iony ofm apij`}y&]gky `mpi`y k}y oaklk}{ }b sb}ì}, ofm kfiòy`y tkfmod` 'baakfd bp}sp}+&Q`mpikfd bkl ioxk}o}kbf lòmy }b lbfd` lkx`m `fdkf`y, gkdg` bp}sp}, ofmknsbx`m nklòd`&

Tgkl` ybn` bh }gky kfhbno}kbf no{ a` o ak} yknslk`m, k} ygbplm g`ls kfhbn{bp bh }g` mkhh``fi`y kf bkly ofm lpakiof}y& K gbs` k} g`lsy aìbn` nb`kfhbn`m, l`yy bskfkbfo}`m, ofm noj` a`}}` ap{kfd mìkykbfy&



33/48

G`{ hbljykh {bp qkm`, {bp m`hkfk}`l{ tof} }b qòm }gky

G`ln`} Q`hbqn 13?9Ypssbq} [bpq Qkdg} ]b Igbby`

93 bh }g` 03 y}o}`y kf }g` P&Y& gox` `sòl`m }g`k nofmo}b{ g`ln } loty ofm gox` dkx`f km`y 1? {òy bh od` ofmblm`, }g` kdg} }b igbby` tg`}g` }b tò o g`ln`} b fb} tgkl` kmkfd& Xkdkfko ky bf` bh }g` 13 y}o}`y }go} goy {`} }b

`lòy` }g` h``mbn bh igbki` hb ompl} km`y& ]gky kyf} oabp} a`kfd odokfy} tòkfd o g`ln`}ap} odokfy} Nofmo}b{

G`ln`} LOTY&

Nby} bh {bp tgb o` `dky}``m nb}bi{il` km`y mbf} gox` of{ kmò }go} {bp gox` dpomkof ofd`lyfb} }g` jkfm tk}g

tkfdy ( o gos& [bp no{ fb} y`` }g`n ap} `y} oyyp`m, }g`{ o` }g`` hb {bp 980 mo{y bp} bh }g` {ò& ]g`{ o` XIBN

XIBN ky }g` bfl{ y}o}`.aoy`m ollkofi` bh akj`y kf Xkdkfko m`mkio}`m }b m`h`fmkfd ofm sbnb}kfd oll }g` kyyp`y }go} ibf.

i`f {bp oy o nb}bi{ilky} bf ofm bhh }g` bom s`ybfol lka`}{, yoh`}{, h``mbn bh ws`yykbf, sblk}kiol ìbdfk}kbf, ofm

`ysì}& ]gky nkyykbf ky o hpll }kn` eba& Nof{ bh }g` knsbx`m bom ibfmk}kbfy ofm h``mbny }go} {bp `feb{ bf }g` bom

}bmo{ o` hbn }g`k gom tbj }gbpdgbp} oig {ò& Xkyk} xibnbflkf`&bd hb nb` kfhb bf }g`k `hhb}y&

Kf Eofpo{ 13?9, XIBN ky gòmkfd }b Qkignbfm tk}g Hp}p` Lot, o }bs fb}ig lbaa{ dbps, }go} goy a``f gk`m }b `s`.

y`f} Xkdkfko ( hkdg} hb G`ln`} Q`hbn hb Xkdkfkoy nb}bi{ilky}y& ]gky ky x`{ iby}l{ ap} fì`yyo{ }b }oj` }g` a`y} ygb}

`x` o} d`}}kfd Xkdkfkoy g`ln`} lot `sòl`m&

XIBN f``my {bp ypssb} K} goy a``f ypdd`y}`m }go} kh `x`{bf` mbfo}`y o} lòy} -?3, }go} tkll g`ls }`n`fmbpyl{&

Apykf`yy`y, ilpay ( bdofkuo}kbfy o` `fibpod`m }b gblm km`y b hpfmoky`y }b g`ls bp}& ]bn NiDo}gy Nb}bi{il`

Lot Dbps tkll no}ig oll ibf}kap}kbfy ps }b -10,333&

T` jfbt nb}bi{ilky}y iof oky` nbf`{& T` mb k} oll }g` }kn` hb igok}k`y& T` fbt f``m }b mb k} hb bpy`lx`y&

-?3 ky oll k} }oj`y }b g`ls&

Mbfo}kbfy iof a` nom` bp} }b }g` hbllbtkfd5

Xkqdkfko Ibolk}kbf bh Nb}bqi{ilky}ySB Abw =70?

Qkignbfm, XO 19113

Noj` yp` }go} {bp kfilpm` }g` ibf}oi} kfhbno}kbf bh }g` ibf}kap}b& Olyb noj` yp` }go} {bp kfmkio}` }go} }g` nbf`{ ky

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Thunder Roads Virginia Magazine - November 2012

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Transcript of Thunder Roads Virginia Magazine - November 2012