Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment
-
Upload
martin-jipe -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
2
description
Transcript of Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment
![Page 1: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Three Ways How Oil
Industry Protects
Environment
![Page 2: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Double Hulled Oil Tanker
![Page 3: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Double Hulled Oil Tanker
Tanker Vessel
An oil tanker, also know as petroleumtanker, is a merchant ship designedfor the bulk transport of oil.
![Page 4: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Double Hulled Oil TankerA double hull is a ship hull design and construction method where the Bottom and sides of the ship have two complete layers of watertighthull surface.
![Page 5: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Double Hulled Oil Tanker
![Page 6: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Cross-Sections of Double Hulled
Tanker
Ballast
Inner Layer
Outer Layer
![Page 7: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Single- Vs. Double-Hull Tankers
If the hull is penetrated in caseof collision or grounding, oil willSpill directly into the ocean.
If the outer hull is penetrated in case of collision or grounding, The inner hull containing the oilmay remain intact.
Single-Hull Tanker Double-Hull Tanker
![Page 8: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Ballast of Double Hull Tanker
Ballast is material that is used to provide stability to a vassel
![Page 9: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Oil Tanker Size Classification
Very Large Crude Carrier
Ultra Large Crude Carrier
![Page 10: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Double Hulled Oil Tanker
THE SHIFT TO DOUBLE HULL DESIGNS WILL REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF OIL SPILLAGE BUT ONLY IF THEY ARE:
• Maintained to a higher standard than is apparent in some ships today,
• operated by personnel who are well trained and committed to their jobs; and
• designed and built to high standards.
![Page 11: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MAINTENANCE.
Failure due to undetected corrosion
![Page 12: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BALLAST TANK
A ballast tank is a compartment within a ship which protects the corrosive enviroment due to the periodic exposure to seawater( wet and dry conditions)
![Page 13: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CARGO TANKS
Corrosion of cargo tanks is principally on horizontal surfaces by the pressure, temperature profiles, sludge accumulation, and residual water.
![Page 14: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
OPERATIONAL ISSUES
Routine monitoring of empty ballast tanks for hydrocarbon gases;
Action to be taken in the event of cargo leakage;
procedures to be followed if a ballast tank must be inerted as a result of cargo leakage into the tank.
advice on gas freeing, cleaning and entryafter inerting.
![Page 15: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
A DOUBLE HULL DESIGN CONTRIBUTES TO THE PREVENTION OF OIL POLLUTION IN THE FOLLOWING TWO
WAYS.
An oil spill maybe prevented in the event of collision with another ship or object where only the outer hull is breached.
Inner(cargo containment) hulls may develop small cracks from thermal and mechanical stresses. In a double hulled tanker, the outer hull will prevent an oil spill in the event of a minor inner hull leak.
![Page 16: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Re-planting After Drilling
![Page 17: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
All phases of oil operations impact the environment and biodiversity. The two main causes of environmental involvement are :
Re-planting After Drilling
Pollution Deforestation
![Page 18: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Re-planting After Drilling
CHEMICALS: The same crude oil and components used for extraction.
SOUND:The seismic prospectingand operation of Machinery
LIGHT:Generated in gas flaring.
FACTORS MAY BE DIFFERENT NATURES…
![Page 19: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Re-planting After Drilling
THE OIL INDUSTRY produces much destruction of biodiversity and the environment in general.
These regions are borders to expand their business.
Methods using oil wearing industry land and property in this are fertile .
![Page 20: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Re-planting After Drilling
a) Because forests have to be cut to install infrastructure.
b ) For the construction of camps , empathize roads, etc. are extracted using thousands of boards surrounding forests. c ) An indirect impact is that the roads are an open door to colonization and deforestation gas.
DEFORESTATION OCCURS FOR THREE REASONS:
![Page 21: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Re-planting After Drilling
After it has been drilled and this zone is no longer productive abandoned.
Time period: 5 years planting vegetable.
Tailings ponds.
There are being created new technologies and methods to prevent further damage .
THE REFORESTATION
![Page 22: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Re-planting After Drilling
![Page 23: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling Mud
![Page 24: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling Mud
What is the Drilling Mud?
They are fluids circulating in theOil and gas wells to clean and Condition of hole.
It lubricates the drill bit and toBalance formation pressure.
Drilling mud’s typically use wateror oil as base fluid.
![Page 25: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling MudSludge Waste Containment
One of the concerns about waste is to ensure they are segregated in an appropriate manner, so that they can be handled and disposed of efficiently, minimizing environmental impact.
Should berms and / or suitable dams constructed to contain and allow recovery of spilled fluids that Containing contaminated waste.
Extreme caution should be taken to avoid spills and contain those who accidentally happen within the concession.
The waste drilling fluids containing waste sludge should be Stored in the main drain
Waste Mud
![Page 26: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling Mud
The four "R"
REDUCEReducing waste is the preferred option; is better to produce the least amount of waste.
REUSE If there has been a waste, maximum effort should be using it again. As long as this is practical.
RECYCLE Although recycling helps conserve wealth and reduce waste, it is important to know that there are economic and environmental costs associated with the collection of waste and recycling processes.
RECOVER Recovering is sometimes possible to recover materials or energy from waste that can not be reduced, reused or recirculated
![Page 27: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling Mud
Any effusion of fluid of perforation…
EFFUSION
![Page 28: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling Mud
USE OF THE MUD
Although its first function is to transport the perforation clippings to the surface, the perforation muds also redeem other functions:
![Page 29: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Safe Disposal of Drilling Mud
![Page 30: Three Ways How Oil Industry Protects Environment](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050909/5695d4de1a28ab9b02a3191d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Thank all of you for your attention