Thoracic imaging terms (I)
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Terms for Thoracic Imaging ..Unifying the
language.Part I
Dr/Ahmed BahnassyConsultant Radiologist –RMH.
MBCHB-MD-FRCR.
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Members of the Fleischner Society compiled a glossary of terms for thoracic imaging that replaces previous glossaries
published in 1984 and 1996 for thoracic radiography and computed tomography (CT), respectively.
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bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis is irreversible
localized or diffuse bronchial dilatation,
usually resulting from chronic infection,
proximal airway obstruction, or
congenital bronchial abnormality
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signet ring sign
This finding is composed of a ring-shaped opacity representing a dilated
bronchus in cross section and a smaller adjacent opacity representing its pulmonary artery, with the combination resembling a signet (or pearl) ring
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bronchocele
A bronchocele is bronchial
dilatation due to retained secretions
(mucoid impaction) usually caused by
proximal obstruction, either congenital
(eg, bronchial atresia) or acquired (eg,
obstructing cancer)
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bronchocentricThis descriptor is applied todisease that is conspicuously
centered on macroscopic bronchovascular bundles
Examples of diseases witha bronchocentric distribution
include :
sarcoidosis , Kaposi sarcoma ,
and organizing pneumonia .
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bulla Airspace measuring more than 1 cm—usually
several centimeters— in diameter, sharply
demarcated by a thin wall that is no greater
than 1 mm in thickness. A bulla is usually
accompanied by emphysematous
changes in the adjacent lung.
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cavity
A cavity is
a gas-filled space, seen as a lucency or low-attenuation area, within pulmonary
consolidation, a mass, or a nodule
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centrilobular emphysema
Centrilobular emphysema
is characterized by :destroyed centrilobular
alveolar walls and enlargement
of respiratory bronchioles and associated
alveoli
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cyst
A cyst is any
round circumscribed
space that is surrounded by an
epithelial or fibrous wall of variable thickness
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mycetoma
A mycetoma is a discrete mass of intertwined
hyphae, usually of an Aspergillus species,
matted together by mucus, fibrin, and
cellular debris colonizing a cavity, usually from
prior fibrocavitary disease (eg,
tuberculosis or sarcoidosis)
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tree-in-bud pattern
The tree-in-bud pattern represents
centrilobular branching structures that resemble a budding tree.
The pattern reflects a spectrum of endo- and
peribronchiolar disorders, including mucoid impaction, inflammation, and/or fibrosis
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