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CHERRY CREEK-SAVONA OFFICIAL COMMUNITY PLAN

“I like this place and could willingly waste my time in it.” William Shakespeare

Courtesy: John Passmore

Acknowledgements The Cherry Creek-Savona Official Community Plan is the outcome of over two years of research, public participation and planning. The Regional District is grateful to all those individuals and groups who provided interest, passion, and support from all corners of the Plan area culminating in the Plan development. In particular, we wish to recognize the following people for the exceptional amount of time and energy they dedicated to the planning process.

OCP Community Advisory Group Mike Anderson Darrel Draney Bob Ellis Quentin Granger Helen Lee Surinder Mahal Dave Monsees Glen Torjusson Director Ronaye Elliott – Electoral Area “J” (Copper Desert Country)

The successful implementation of this Plan is dependent on the collaboration of individuals, organizations, First Nations and government bodies. Working together, the results of our collaborative efforts will build a strong, sustainable future for the residents that live, work and play around Kamloops Lake.

Table of Contents PLAN FOUNDATION

PART 1 INTRODUCTION

PART 2 PLAN CONTEXT

PART 3 THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

PLAN OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

PART 4 NEIGHBOURHOOD REVIEW

PART 5 AGRICULTURE AND RESOURCE USE

PART 6 RESIDENTIAL

PART 7 COMMERCIAL

PART 8 INDUSTRIAL

PART 9 QUALITY OF LIFE

PART 10 UTILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE

PART 11 ROADS AND TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS

PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

PART 12 TEMPORARY USE PERMITS

PART 13 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS

OCP MAPS Map 1A Future Land Use Strategy – East Kamloops Lake

Map 1B Future Land Use Strategy – West Kamloops Lake

Map 1C Future Land Use Strategy – Savona Map 5

Map 2A Parks, Protected Areas & Private Properties – East Kamloops Lake

Map 2B Parks, Protected Areas & Private Properties – West Kamloops Lake

Map 3A Roads – East Kamloops Lake

Map 3B Roads – West Kamloops Lake

EXTERNAL REFERENCE MAPS DPA 1 Riparian Development Permit Areas – East/West Kamloops Lake

DPA 2 Environmentally Sensitive Areas & Species at Risk Development Permit Areas – East/West Kamloops Lake

DPA 3 Slope Hazard & Floodplain Development Permit Areas – East/West Kamloops Lake

LIST OF TABLES

Table A Population Forecasts Table B Household Profiles Table C Demographic Profile – Electoral Area “J” - 2011 Table D Total Population and Occupied Private Dwellings – A Comparative Analysis

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Cherry Creek-Savona Official Community Plan Boundary Figure 2 Cherry Creek Reserve Area Figure 3 Cherry Creek Community Area Figure 4 Tobiano Comprehensive Development Area Figure 5 Savona Improvement District Area Figure 6 Agricultural Land Reserve Boundaries Figure 7 Mineral Tenures Figure 8 Motorized Vehicle Closure Areas – Cherry Creek Figure 9 Motorized Vehicle Closure Areas – Pat (Six Mile) Lake Figure 10 Cherry Creek Aquifer Figure 11 Riparian Assessment Area

ACRONYMS GUIDE

ALC Agricultural Land Commission ALR Agricultural Land Reserve CDC Conservation Data Centre CEEI Community Energy Emissions Inventory CNR Canadian National Railway CPR Canadian Pacific Railway DCC Development Cost Charge DP Development Permit EMBC Emergency Management BC EOC Emergency Operations Centre ESAs Environmentally Sensitive Areas FN First Nations GHG Greenhouse Gas MoTI Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure MHP Manufactured Home Park OCP Official Community Plan ORV Off Road Vehicle QEP Qualified Environmental Professional RAR Riparian Areas Regulation RGS Regional Growth Strategy TNRD Thompson-Nicola Regional District TUP Temporary Use Permit

Cherry Creek/Savona Official Community Plan Bylaw No. 2472 Page 7 of 81

PART 1: Introduction

1.1 Our Official Community Plan

The Cherry Creek-Savona Official Community Plan of 2014 is a comprehensive long term community plan that charts the way forward for the Plan area and its residents. For some areas the Plan identifies growth areas that capitalize on existing amenities while for other areas the Plan promotes conservation and rural preservation. The new OCP places a greater emphasis on the principles of sustainability and Smart Growth; growing “smarter” in each community was a common theme for area residents.

Changing demographics, an evolving comprehensive resort development, resource extraction activities and an underutilized lake in the Plan’s centre all cast a new light on the challenges we face in maintaining the land base more efficiently and protecting working lands. Renewing or reaffirming planning objectives and policies can achieve a more secure future whereby natural resources are given more consideration and the Kamloops Lake’s natural setting is better protected.

1.2 Why we plan: the regulatory context

Planning is the process of determining the future vision of a community or defined area and creating a policy framework to realize this vision in light of the environmental, social, economic and physical resources in the area.

An Official Community Plan (OCP) is a comprehensive statement of goals, objectives and policies to guide all decisions on planning and land use management within the area covered by the Plan. Developed by the community for the community, the OCP is a legal document that serves to fulfill the community’s desires and aspirations.

The OCP provides a coordinated action strategy so that property owners, developers and others can evaluate their respective proposed land development, undertake projects and make more informed decisions, especially as regards the environment. The OCP can provide assurances to area residents of recognizable continuity of land use policy and increased certainty for the community’s future. This OCP is organized by the following headings:

• Goals a general reflection of the community’s desired outcome • Objectives the community’s efforts or actions intended to achieve the goals• Policies the means by which the goals and objectives can be accomplished

Plan for what is difficult while it is easy; do what is great while it is still small.

Sun Tzu Wu Chinese general & author

C h e r r y C r e e k – S a v o n a O f f i c i a l C o m m u n i t y P l a n - D R


The OCP is not a land use or development “regulation.” Regulations are set out in bylaws such as zoning which implement the policies identified in the OCP.

An OCP is not intended to be a static document. Community plans are typically reviewed every 5 to 10 years to assess whether the goals, objectives and subsequent policy remain valid. Amendments may be warranted if there are changes in social conditions, environment or community priorities; however, to implement the Plan effectively, the Board may reject applications that disregard the spirit of or are contrary to the Plan. Once an OCP is adopted, it becomes “official” and all future land use decisions made by the Board of Directors must be consistent with its objectives and policies.

1.3 Creating the OCP

The new OCP is the product of a two year effort involving: area residents, OCP Advisory Group, Improvement District; and municipal, provincial, regional district, federal and First Nation consultation.

The matters of who, how, and how often to consult are at the discretion of the Thompson-Nicola Regional District (TNRD) Board of Directors. In accordance with s. 879 of the Local Government Act, we provided one or more opportunities for consultation with persons, organizations and authorities the Board considers will be affected. On April 5, 2012, the TNRD Board of Directors reviewed and approved a comprehensive, all-inclusive public consultation

process.

The first step of Plan development involved research and identification of issues. A comprehensive survey of area residents was developed to capture their thoughts and ideas. The questions asked included: What are your opinions about your community and environment? How do you think the Kamloops Lake area should look in future years?

In June 2012, approximately 750 surveys were sent to property owners in the Plan area and an electronic version created for those wishing to complete the survey online. A total of 80 surveys (>10%) were completed and returned, primarily from the Savona and Cherry Creek areas. What we discovered from the survey responses and first round of community meetings was an enormous passion for local neighbourhoods, adoration for the surrounding environment and residents’ extraordinary quality of life.

Background Research

Consultation

Core Values

Vision

Objectives

Policies

Implementation



The survey responses and community meetings yielded the identification of the following key issue areas:

Recognize the Plan area consists of distinct settlement areas with diverse growth needs Preserve the rural atmosphere in neighbourhoods with large parcels Protect sensitive ecosystems and grasslands Encourage growth in areas with advanced servicing levels Address the growing need for fire protection services in Cherry Creek Implement stronger policy for lakeshore protection Encourage local agriculture and agri-tourism opportunities, incl. a local farmers market Manage existing water sources in a more sustainable fashion Maintain and enhance community and recreational facilities Provide opportunities for residents, esp. young families, to live and work in the Plan area Improve public access to Kamloops Lake

A series of Advisory Group meetings were held over the past two years which helped bring additional refinement and clarity to the community survey and public issues. In-depth discussions during these meetings distilled “big picture” ideas into more concise objectives and policies covering a wide range of topics. We also met with the Skeetchestn First Nation Council, First Nations and government representatives and conducted two rounds of public community meetings in Savona and Tobiano.

The following word cloud tells a “story” of residents’ reflections and feelings about their surroundings and the future of their respective communities. The larger the words, the more popular the response. These reflections coupled with a summary of the community’s Core Values, helped form the backdrop for the Community Vision.



1.4 Vision for the Future

This Official Community Plan is a reflection of the community’s thoughts and ideas while the “Vision” is intended as a positive and inspirational description of what the Plan area will be in the future. It acts as the overarching guide for the Plan area as a whole.

The Vision is achieved by actions of both the Regional District and other government agencies through a combination of policies/programs and the residents’ advocacy be it individual or via collective efforts. The above Vision is expressed in the present so as to read in the imperative.

1.5 Core Community Values The following core values were developed to articulate key themes and values that emerged from the research and consultation process to date. The OCP is guided by these principles: 1.5.1 Water Quality and Availability Ensure that all development and infrastructure around Kamloops Lake minimizes the potential for negative effects on water quality and quantity. 1.5.2 Environmental Stewardship Protect the area’s natural resources and environmentally sensitive areas, including: unique localized ecosystems; watershed integrity; grassland, river and lake water quality; picturesque scenery; and fish/wildlife. 1.5.3 Rural Community Recognize the distinction between the settlement areas in the Plan. Retain the rural values and character, including secure attractive settlements and a friendly, supportive lifestyle in a natural setting. 1.5.4 Primary Settlement Recognize and enhance the role of Savona and Tobiano as the principal settlement/growth areas and encourage affordable housing and social, educational and recreation opportunities in these areas.

The Kamloops Lake area is primarily rural in nature where more intensivedevelopment is directed into existing serviced communities or the neighbouring municipality. Recreational opportunities will thrive around Kamloops Lake while sensitive habitats, watercourses and the unique arid landscape are protected. Plan area residents embrace the rural ambience and recognize the natural environment as their highly valued backdrop to their homes and communities.



1.5.5 Strong Local Economy Strengthen the economic and employment base, including year-round tourism as well as commercial, industrial, resource extraction and agriculture uses that respect the rural character with minimal impacts on sensitive environmental resources. 1.5.6 Housing Diversity Ensure that diverse housing options are provided throughout the Plan area in the appropriate locations, including affordable housing and accessible housing for all age groups. 1.5.7 Green Development Encourage development that is energy efficient, uses land efficiently, conserves water, and manages waste to high standards, especially near riparian areas. 1.5.8 Transportation Choice Improve the transportation network, including transit and other transportation alternatives to settled areas, safer roads, and pedestrian and boating routes between settlements on Kamloops Lake.

1.5.9 Responsible Provision of Services

Work towards a balanced sustainable approach for infrastructure implementation, including water and wastewater treatment systems. 1.5.10 Recreation Increase opportunities for outdoor recreation for all residents, including public lake access and lake-oriented activities, public parks and recreation facilities. 1.5.11 Tourism Increase local commercial and tourism opportunities, including commercial lakeshore development, artisan and resort related development. 1.5.12 Emergency and Hazard Planning Improve planning related to emergencies, including: wildfire hazard management, evacuation planning, ambulance service and hazard land identification. 1.5.13 Agriculture Protect good agricultural land, encourage food security initiatives, support the local agriculture industry and the ALC’s mission and consider secondary activities including agri-tourism and agri-business opportunities. 1.5.14 Climate Action Charter Establish policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the Climate Action Charter. 1.5.15 Fringe Area Planning Promote fringe area policies in a reciprocal fashion with the City of Kamloops.

Courtesy: TNFC

Courtesy: Cara McKelvey



PART 2: Plan Context

2.1 Plan Area

The Cherry Creek - Savona OCP is within the central portion of Electoral Area “J”- Copper Desert Country. The Plan area extends the length of the Thompson River valley from the City of Kamloops municipal boundary to the west end of Kamloops Lake. It has a land area of 261.5 square kilometres and includes the communities of Cherry Creek, Tobiano and Savona and small settlement areas on Kamloops Lake, including Frederick. At time of writing, the City of Kamloops is proceeding with a proposed boundary extension to include lands on the western periphery, including large areas owned by New Gold and Domtar in the Cherry Creek area.

The governance context is cooperative and open which has led to transparent levels of communication and integration between all agencies. The TNRD consults with neighbouring jurisdictions which, in this case, includes the City of Kamloops, Kamloops Indian Band and Skeetchestn First Nation. Other long-range planning studies within the Plan area, including the Fringe Areas Policy Paper, Coquihalla Highway Corridor Special Planning Study and Lakeshore Development Guidelines support long-range planning efforts regardless of political boundaries.

Figure 1 - Cherry Creek-Savona Official Community Plan Boundary



In 1979, the TNRD Board of Directors adopted the first Official Regional Plan in the TNRD. The first long-range planning initiative for Cherry Creek-Savona later evolved from that effort. Then, Cherry Creek-Savona Official Settlement Plan (OSP) adopted July of 1983, offered the first objectives and policies to guide decisions on planning and land use management within the Plan area. This OSP was subsequently reviewed in the early 1990s, culminating with Cherry Creek-Savona Official Community Plan (OCP) approval in 1995. Since the first OSP, the northern Plan boundary bisected the centre of Kamloops Lake from east to west. In recognition of Kamloops Lake as the Plan’s focal point and the need to plan for the whole lake, the current Plan boundary has expanded to include areas on the north and south shores of Kamloops Lake.

2.2 Regional Growth Strategy Objectives Despite the fact that TNRD municipalities and Electoral Areas have separate jurisdictional boundaries, they share specific issues and interests. The TNRD Regional Growth Strategy (RGS) gives voice to those interests as a co-operative strategy for achieving a sustainable future for the region as a whole. It underwent a comprehensive review, culminating with amendment approval in April of 2013. The updated RGS is reflective of existing and projected growth for the region. As outlined below, the RGS Vision has been considered in setting out the objectives and policies in this Official Community Plan.

RGS Vision: A Sustainable Future

To create a balance among goals relating to human settlement, economic development and environmental conservation, to ensure that development actions

do not significantly limit the options of future generations.

The TNRD is a unique region of diverse urban and rural communities, wilderness and natural resource opportunities, and a vibrant economy.

The Cherry Creek - Savona OCP is consistent with the RGS Vision via the following:

promoting sustainability while balancing development and settlement; conserving/protecting rural and resource assets by

focusing growth in suburban areas, specifically Savona and Tobiano are targeted for future growth, while Cherry Creek and the remainder of the Plan area are designated primarily “rural”;

maintaining a diverse mix of urban, rural, resource and wilderness settings; and

settlements in resource areas will be limited and carefully managed.



2.3 OCP/RGS Consistency The RGS goals are reflected closely in the goals and policies of this OCP. The following RGS policies (in italics) are followed by the correlating OCP policy or implementation summary:

2.3.1 Human Settlement Contain urban and rural sprawl by building on the existing network of diverse regional centres. Direct growth into established centres. Promote policies of infill and intensification. Ensure adequate levels of servicing are provided.

This OCP supports growth in the communities of Savona and Tobiano where a broad range of community services are provided. The Plan also supports the Fringe Areas Policy which discourages the fragmentation of rural land on the periphery of the City of Kamloops, seeks to enhance the rural integrity by supporting agriculture, forestry and resource uses and recognizes the City of Kamloops as the regional centre.

2.3.2 Energy & Transportation Integrate energy and transportation considerations with land use and settlement planning to achieve conservation, mobility and efficiency goals.

This OCP is consistent via policies supporting alternative modes of transportation and targets for energy conservation, innovative building techniques, and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

2.3.3 Economic Development Broaden the region’s economic base through diversification and expansion. Support and encourage existing primary, secondary and tertiary industries while promoting new economic development opportunities.

This OCP supports opportunities for varying levels of economic development in each of the three Plan area serviced communities; however, being predominantly rural, the Plan focuses more on agriculture and resource based development opportunities, especially in Cherry Creek. In Tobiano, the Plan supports the continuing evolution of a mixed-use resort development. Policies for Savona cite the broadest range of opportunities given a variety of commercial/industrial land uses strategically located on a transportation hub with access to rail, highway and water.

2.3.3 Environmental Protection Protect and enhance the environment through the adoption and co-operative use of stewardship principles.

This OCP supports the use of policies, including the Lakeshore Development Guidelines and Development Permit Areas, to provide adequate protection to the most environmentally



sensitive areas. Policy implementation includes ground-water protection, foreshore protection and protection of species and ecosystems that are at risk.

2.3.4 Open Space & Cultural Heritage Protect the archaeological and heritage resources, open space and rural character of the TNRD.

This OCP includes objectives and policies for protection (and creation) of parks, archaeological, cultural and heritage facilities and features, as well as the importance of Kamloops Lake and area to First Nations.

2.3.5 Co-Operation and Process Implement the RGS through the establishment of ongoing co-operative processes.

This OCP supports ongoing communication and cooperation among all jurisdictions. The Plan was developed through a process that involved consultation with the Plan area residents, key stakeholders, Provincial agencies, municipal government and First Nations. The OCP likewise establishes a framework for the continuation of such cooperative procedures for Plan implementation and future amendments and updates.

2.3.6 OCP/RGS Consistency - Summary

In summary, the Cherry Creek-Savona OCP addresses the 14 matters recommended for inclusion in a Regional Growth Strategy. Per the requirements of a RGS, as mandated under the Local Government Act, the Regional District will continue to coordinate work with relevant provincial and federal agencies on the following initiatives:

• coordination of municipal and regional district planning programs;

• economic development;

• regional transportation planning;

• liquid waste management planning;

• lake use and navigation; and

• parks, open space and recreation planning.



2.4 Secwepemc First Nations

The Secwepemc are the indigenous peoples of the south central interior of British Columbia. Their traditional territory extends from the Columbia River Valley on the east slope of the Rocky Mountains to the Fraser River on the west and from the upper north Fraser River to the Arrow Lakes in the south. The lands traditionally used by the Secwepemc cover a vast area, approximately 180,000 km2, and include: alpine, parkland, montane forest, grasslands, lakes, river terraces, and river valleys.

James Teit, an early ethnographer for the region, classified the Secwepemctsin speakers into tribal divisions1. Teit further divided these tribal divisions into “bands”. A band was distinguished as a major winter village with smaller villages and associated dwellings. The people wintering on both sides of Kamloops Lake, at the outlet of Kamloops Lake and in the Deadman Valley were originally grouped into one Band called the Savona. The Savona Band became known as the Deadman Creek Band when the Reserve Commission directed FNs people to a reserve in that valley.

In 1862, William Cox, gold commissioner and stipendiary magistrate, established a reserve in Cherry Creek (Figure 2). The approximately 25 acre reserve on or near District Lot 2, was never formally established as it was either ignored, disqualified or forgotten under the administration of Governor Seymour and Chief Commissioner Joseph Trutch.

The contemporary Band’s name of “Skeetchestn” was reinstated in 1985. The people who traditionally wintered in the vicinity of the confluence of the north and south Thompson Rivers and west along the shores of Kamloops Lake became known as the Kamloops Band.

In 1982, all 17 Secwepemc bands signed the Shuswap Declaration to mark dedication to the preservation and perpetuation of the Secwepemc language, culture, and history. This led to the 1983 formation of the Secwepemc Cultural Education Society, an agency to provide public education and curriculum materials about the Secwepemc, including the Secwepemc Museum and a native post-secondary education institute in Kamloops.2

Courtesy: Bonnie Leonard (SNTC)

Figure 2: Map showing Indian Reserve inCherry Creek - 1862



Kamloops Lake has about 50 recorded archaeological sites around its shoreline while the Plan area potentially contains many more. The Archaeology Branch of the Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations maintains information on these sites. In the interest of heritage and cultural resource protection, this data is not distributed to the public. The Province protects these sites, both private and Crown land whether known or unrecorded, through the Heritage Conservation Act. One must have a heritage permit to alter or develop within or over an archaeological site.

2.5 Post-Contact History

Kamloops Lake area records date back to the 1840s with the establishment of the Hudson’s Bay Company Brigade Trail linking Kamloops and Fort Alexandria (south of present day Quesnel). When the trade routes from Fort Langley to Fort Kamloops became a priority (after trade routes south of the 49th parallel were cut off), a new route was found from Kamloops to 100 Mile House replacing the northern route through Little Fort. The trail extended west from Kamloops to Copper Creek on the north side of Kamloops Lake, continuing north through the Loon Lake area to Fort Alexandria. It served as a fur trading supply route until 1858 when the first ferry was established in Savona.

Colonial settlement in the Plan area began in the 1860s. Given strategic sites at the west and east ends of the lake, Savona and Kamloops emerged as the principle settlements. Travel corridors played a key role in settlement patterns in the Plan area. Savona’s Ferry at the west

end of the lake linked the north and south shores and became the meeting and resting place for travelers. Paddle wheelers such as the Kamloops and Marten plied the waters of Kamloops Lake through to the Shuswap. The 1880s saw construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) along the south shore of Kamloops Lake. The CPR station in Savona and CNR station at

Copper Creek became gathering places for generations. Construction of the Canadian Northern Railway (later the Canadian National or CN) on Kamloops Lake’s north shore in 1915 further contributed to area development. Copper Creek, an abandoned seasonal settlement on the north shore of the lake, at one time supported Red Lake, Criss Creek and north shore residents with a post office, train station, school and trading post. Despite changes over the past 150 years, primary sector industries including forestry, agriculture and mining, coupled with tertiary sector tourism developments, continue to flourish in the Plan area.

2.6 Population Growth and Housing

Every five years, Statistics Canada provides a comprehensive statistical profile for the Electoral Area and region, the most recent survey being completed in 2011. As the Plan area does not follow local jurisdictional boundaries, Statistics Canada developed a customized population and dwellings analysis for this OCP review. According to Statistics Canada, the

Source: BC Archives

Courtesy: Warren and Carolyn Bepple



current Plan area has a population of approximately 1074, representing 70% of the population of Electoral Area “J”. The population has declined 3.2% since 1996 when the Plan area reached its highest population rate of 1110. Since 2001, area population has increased marginally by 3% between 2006 and 2011. The increase contrasts with the 3% decrease in population change for Electoral Area “J” as a whole for the same time period. The increasing popularity of Savona and the evolving community of Tobiano have contributed in part to the population increase.

Population history sourced from Statistics Canada and projected changes are shown in Table A below. Between 1986 and 1996, the plan area experienced the greatest population growth. Since 1991, the Plan area’s population has remained steady.

Estimating growth in an area with minimally changing population and demographic uncertainty is problematic. Table A provides a “what if” scenario reflecting the different growth rate assumptions to 2026 based on the following three potential growth scenarios:

Low (0.5%) growth scenario assumes no major or sudden migration changes or economic developments.

Moderate (1.0%) scenario assumes progressive but limited gradual growth due to increased migration and population influx given future resource industry.

High (1.5%) scenario assumes higher fertility rates and progressive growth due to in-migration.

Table A: Population Forecasts



Source: Urban Futures (2012): A Context for Change Management in the TNRD

Using statistical information for the Electoral Area as a baseline, the data reveals the following Plan area demographic characteristics:

• There are almost an equal number of males and females. • The highest percentage of Plan area residents are aged 50-54 and 60-64. • The population in their 20s and 30-34 fall below both the Regional and

Provincial representations for the same age ranges. • The population in the 45-49, 50-54 and 60-64 age ranges exceed both the

TNRD and Provincial representations for the same age ranges. • The average number of people per household is 2.7, exceeding the norm.

In general, the area’s population profile is reflective of trends found throughout the Regional District and Province: an aging population and a total fertility rate projected to remain below replacement level. Hence the declining role of natural increase in the area’s future versus the increasing role of migration in defining both the composition and size of the Region’s future population.3

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

0-4

15-19

30-34

45-49

60-64

75-79

90-94

PERCENT OF TOTAL POPULATION

AGE

GRO

UP

Table C: Demographic ProfileElectoral Area "J" - 2011

Males

Characteristic Plan area Electoral Area Regional District Private dwellings 439 924 59,888 Total # of Census families 505 37,595 Married or common-law 925 64,245 Median age of population 47.8 years 44 years

Table B: Household Profiles



2.7 Plan Context – Housing

Regional household maintainer statistics suggest a pattern of occupancy in the older age ranges. As these make up a significant portion of Plan area residents, combining with growth in the seniors’ population, the total housing occupancy demand may increase faster than the TNRD population as a whole. Though not completely representative of the Plan area’s housing patterns, the trends suggest a shift towards other forms of housing as a result of accessibility, land value and increased diversification of the Region’s residents.4 Multi-family housing development in Tobiano, seasonal residency on Kamloops Lake, and a large proportion of mobile dwellings suggest gradual change. Statistics Canada also prepared a customized data analysis of total occupied dwellings for each census year since 1981. Table D compares Plan area population with total occupied dwellings; both have remained relatively stable since 2001.

Based upon the preceding forecasts, even given a high growth scenario, the anticipated housing demand is less than 10 dwelling units per year. This can be accommodated readily on designated lands residential and existing vacant serviced parcels or through permitted secondary dwelling units.

1,096795 961 1,110 1,041 1,042 1,074

391 298 378 449 430 447 439

1981 1896 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011

Census YearSource: Statistics Canada

Table D: Total Population and Occupied Private Dwellings A Comparative Analysis

Total Population Occupied Private Dwellings



PART 3: Natural Environment 3.1 Context

The Cherry Creek – Savona corridor is a spectacular arid landscape that exhibits open park-like expanse hedged with rolling hills and steep rock outcrops. With Kamloops Lake as the centerpiece, the copper desert valleys and indigenous grasslands are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna. Although much of the Plan area is protected and in its natural state, there is a need to recognize and protect vulnerable species and ecosystems and ensure that when development occurs, the natural environment remains a high priority.

3.2 Natural Environment - Geography The Thompson Plateau, a sub-area to the more extensive Southern Interior Plateau, is dominated by valleys carved into the landscape by a stagnating Cordilleran Ice Sheet 10,000

to 13,000 years ago. The resulting late-glacial ice dammed lakes dominated the valley from Kamloops to Spences Bridge. At the time, regional drainage flowed east, towards the Okanagan, until a catastrophic ice dam failure about 10,000 years ago in the Spences Bridge area reversed flow. Kamloops Lake is what remains of a much larger glacial Lake Thompson predating this event. Receding glacial lakes also left behind the familiar local clay cliffs.

The Plan area’s landscape is primarily rugged with remnants of ancient deltas, lacustrine plateaus and stratified silt/clay soils. Steep, rocky slopes dominate the north side of Kamloops Lake while the south has a greater variety of landscape features with rolling hills and plateaus. The area is in the rain shadow of the Coast Mountains resulting in a semi-arid climate. Bunchgrass and Ponderosa Pine are the dominant bio-geoclimatic zones with a “Very Dry Hot” subzone variant. The Plan area is also within the Southern Interior-Thompson Basin Ecosection. The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and moderately cold winters with relatively little snowfall. This climate has resulted in fragile ecosystems with limited plant productivity and soil development. The Kamloops Airport reports an average annual precipitation (rain and snow) of only 270 mm.

3.3 Natural Environment Objectives - General a) To protect important and sensitive features in the natural environment.b) To increase environmental awareness and promote activities that protect and enhance the

area’s diverse ecological systems and biodiversity.c) To direct development away from environmentally sensitive or high natural hazard areas.d) To better understand and plan for the inevitable impacts of climate change.

Source: Flickr



e) To protect and maintain surface water, groundwater and aquifer resources throughresponsible and sustainable long-range management practices.

3.4 Natural Environment Policies - General a) Work cooperatively with senior governments on lake stewardship and shoreline

management through education and Development Permit guidelines.b) Encourage the agriculture industry to undertake noxious weed management and adopt

water and soil conservation best practices.c) Provide public information and education on appropriate land and water management in

and near riparian and environmentally sensitive areas.d) Recognize the Kamloops Airshed and boundary and the policy direction set by the “City of

Kamloops Airshed Management Plan”.e) Work with the Provincial government to ensure data collected through a development

review process contributes to a more informed understanding of water resources over thelong term (e.g. can be integrated into the numerical flow models for aquifercharacterization) and ensure consistency with the province’s updates to the WaterSustainability Act.

f) Promote responsible off-road recreationalvehicle use through the recognition of closedareas and implementation of the Off-RoadVehicle (ORV) Act.

g) Provide public information and educationalmaterials related to responsible landmanagement and water management (e.g.suitable landscaping material, waterconservation techniques, open burningregulations, yard composting).

3.5 Natural Environment - Watercourses 3.5.1 Streams and Rivers Thompson River/ Kamloops Lake is the primary watercourse in the plan area. Its watershed is crisscrossed by a mix of annual and ephemeral streams feeding into Kamloops Lake, the main watercourses being Cherry, Durand and Duffy Creeks and Tranquille River. This watershed is sensitive to upland activities and thus requires more comprehensive management strategies for the area’s surface water resources.

3.5.2 Lake Stewardship Water is a precious commodity in the Plan area, making the lakes and watercourses all the more important for their irreplaceable recreation, aesthetic and agricultural resources. Kamloops, Morgan, Pat and Beaton Lakes, as discussed below, are the area’s key water bodies that support the natural habitats for a wide variety of fish and aquatic life, waterfowl,



other wildlife and plant species. Parcels upland of Kamloops Lake are held privately or by the Provincial Crown. Foreshore lands, or those lands below the natural boundary, are public lands and governed by the Province, including docks and buoys. On rare occasion, a lakebed is privately-owned. Riparian landowners (properties on foreshore) have riparian rights which include access to navigable waters, erosion protection works, and the ability to apply for ownership of accreted land.

3.5.3 Kamloops Lake Kamloops Lake is referred to as a lake but is in fact a widening of the westward flowing Thompson River. It has a surface area of 51 km² and accounts for 20% of the total land area within the Plan. The lake is 27 km long with 57 km of shoreline and a maximum depth of 143 metres. It is oligotrophic, meaning that it contains low levels of phosphorus, which limits biological production (i.e. lower algal biomass and chlorophyll-a). The water is clear with sufficient oxygen throughout the year to support fish and other aquatic organisms. Kamloops Lake is home to anadromous salmonids (sockeye, Chinook, steelhead), non-anadromous salmonids (whitefish, Kokanee, rainbow trout) and other species (burbot, sculpins, white sturgeon and suckers). It is designated as a Special Case Lake in the Lakeshore Development Guidelines in part due to FN cultural sites in the area. Despite its size and proximity to Kamloops, this lake has historically been one of the most underutilized lakes in the region. Most lake front properties are large agricultural or rural parcels with the exception of Savona and a small pocket of shore lots in Frederick. Challenging topography coupled with railway lines on both north and south shores limit lake access. Regional lakeshore development of the past ten years has increased watercraft use, including a new marina at Tobiano. The lake’s recreational values continue to be discovered. In this context, survey respondents expressed concerns related to increased lake usage, shoreline protection and the impacts on their solitude and tranquility.

3.5.4 Pat (Six Mile) Lake Pat Lake is a grassland lake 9.6 km east of Savona accessed via Six Mile Lake Road off the Trans-Canada Highway. This lake was first stocked with rainbow trout in 1940 and since 1961 continues to be stocked annually. It is relatively small (8.1 ha) with a maximum depth of only 6.1 metres.

Source – Google Maps

A lake is a landscape’s most beautiful and expressive feature. It is Earth’s eye; looking into which the beholder measures the depth of this own nature.

Henry David Thoreau



It is designated a Critical (water quality) and Special Case Lake (irrigation or agricultural use) in the Lakeshore Development Guidelines. Pat Lake is one of the first ice-free lakes in the region, making it an early spring destination for anxious committed fly fishers. Unfortunately, the lake is susceptible to winterkill due to its shallow waters.

3.5.5 Morgan Lake Morgan Lake, of 2.7 ha area, is 9.3 km west of Savona on Six Mile Lake Road. It has a weir at its southeast outlet to enable water storage for fisheries management/ conservation. Works to divert water into the lake are ongoing to reduce pH levels and enhance fish survival. The lake is stocked with rainbow trout and has gained recent notoriety as a recreational fishery. 3.5.6 Beaton Lake Beaton Lake, pictured opposite, is a small, stocked lake in the hills above Cherry Creek. It is regarded for its recreational uses and is a licensed water storage reservoir.

3.6 Natural Hazard Areas Hazard lands include, but are not limited to areas that have risks associated with flooding, erosion, rock fall, subsidence and wildfire. The Plan area is, by geology, soils, and climate, prone to these terrestrial risks.

3.7 Natural Hazard Objectives a) To discourage or disallow development on lands

subject to known hazardous conditions, unless thehazard has been sufficiently mitigated.

b) To prevent injury, loss of life, and minimize propertydamage due to hazards.

c) To plan for the impacts and resulting hazardsassociated with climate change.

3.8 Natural Hazard Policies a) Development in slope hazard and floodplain areas indicated on the DPA 3 map requires a

Development Permit.b) Direct development away from lands prone to natural hazard, including soil instability and

hazardous geotechnical conditions, or those lands identified as hazardous by the TNRD,Province, or other agencies having jurisdiction.

c) Require new development areas with slopes over 30% to be reviewed for soil instability,potentially hazardous conditions and environmental sensitivity. Development shall followthe recommendations of a geotechnical report and/or an environmental impact assessmentin the case of environmentally sensitive areas, prepared by a qualified professional toaddress the potential hazards and environmental sensitivity.

Courtesy: John Passmore



d) Discourage development of land susceptible to flooding. Construction and siting ofbuildings and structures to be used for habitation, business, industry, or the storage ofgoods must be flood-proofed to provincial standards, consistent with the Zoning Bylaw.

e) Request that the Approving Officer require a developer to undertake a fire hazard riskassessment at the time of subdivision application where four or more parcels are beingcreated and where the Province indicates that a property may be subject to a moderate orhigh fire risk. A similar assessment may be required for a development application.Subdivision applications of less than four parcels require registration of a wildfire covenant.

3.10 Environmentally Sensitive Areas - Species at Risk & Ecosystems at Risk The Plan area is home to a number of Species at Risk and Ecosystems at Risk. The former refers to species, subspecies or populations that are designated federally under the Species at Risk Act or in BC on the Red or Blue List. Provincially, ecosystems can also be designated as at risk and placed on the Red or Blue List. The British Columbia Conservation Data Centre (CDC) assigns species and ecological risk levels/lists. These lists have 2 purposes:

1. provide for formal designation under the Wildlife Act; and2. help to set conservation priorities for species at risk in BC.

The Red List includes species, subspecies, and ecological communities that are threatened, endangered, or extirpated in British Columbia. The Blue List includes species, subspecies, and ecological communities that are considered to be of special concern. These lists include species and ecosystems that have threats, declining populations, or restricted distributions thereby requiring special attention so that they may be maintained as part of our ecosystems. Some lands within the OCP are designated Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs), see DPA 2 map, because they comprise ecosystems or species at risk habitat. The following sections describe Plan area ESAs.

3.10.1 Cottonwood Riparian Areas Cottonwood forests are found in the Southern Interior of BC along the banks of streams and lakes where moisture is plentiful. Cottonwoods can form extensive stands growing to extraordinary heights of up to 40 metres. Areas where cottonwoods are found are often desirable for development or for transportation corridors such as highways, railways, power lines and pipelines. As a result, many areas have been partially or completely cleared. The BC Conservation Data Centre ranks the cottonwood ecosystems of the southern interior among the rarest plant communities of the province. Cottonwood forests provide crucial habitat for a wide range of plant and animal species. Many bird species, including orioles, veeries, gray cat birds, and pileated woodpeckers, prefer cooler moist habitats and would not otherwise survive the arid southern interior environment. Cottonwood stands often have large standing dead trees or snags, which provide nesting, foraging, and roosting sites for osprey, eagles, owls, and woodpeckers. Species at Risk that



rely on cottonwoods include: Lewis’ Woodpecker, Western Screech Owl, Great Blue Heron, and the Blue List: Western Rattlesnake, North American Racer, and Gopher Snake, all visiting these stands to cool off.

3.10.2 Wetlands Wetlands are unique ecosystems that provide critical habitat for a range of wildlife species in the Thompson Region. As a transition zone between land and water, wetlands provide a range of habitats from wet meadows, wet forests, to open water. About 500 plant and animal species in BC as well as migratory birds are associated with wetlands. Species at Risk that rely on local wetlands include Great Basin Spadefoot, Western Toad, and Western Painted Turtle.

3.10.3 Rocky Outcrops & Cliffs Dry sparsely vegetated rock and cliff habitats are found at all elevations throughout Plan area grasslands and open forests. They serve as habitat for many animals throughout the year. During the winter months they provide hibernation sites for many snake species at risk and some bat species. Rock absorbs heat during the day, providing a place to overnight or to bask for cooler spring and fall days. Rock crevices provide shelter for various species and can be important roosting sites for many bat species. Bird species, including the Peregrine Falcon, build their nests in rocky areas or cliffs while other bird species use cliffs to evade predators. Snakes rely on rocky outcrop hibernation sites to survive the BC winter. These dens or hibernacula maintain adequately warm temperatures for snakes to survive. The snakes that gather each fall at den sites include Western Rattlesnake (Blue List), Gopher Snake (Blue List), North American Racer (Blue List) and the Common and Western Terrestrial Garter Snakes.

3.10.4 Ponderosa Pine

Surviving at low elevations along the dry valleys of the southern interior, Ponderosa Pine is one of the bio-geoclimatic zones mapped by the Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations. This ecosystem is comprised of a narrow mosaic of vegetation occurring between grasslands and the Interior Douglas fir forest. Ponderosa pines scattered throughout the grasslands at lower elevations also support many of the same wildlife species found in grassland habitats. Other species that rely on conifer seeds include Clark’s Nutcracker and White-breasted Nuthatch. The Lewis’ Woodpecker (Red List) is primarily found in cottonwood riparian habitats or dry, open ponderosa pine stands, but will also use scattered trees in grasslands or suburban areas.

3.10.5 Grasslands Grasslands represent less than 1% of the provincial land base but provide habitat for over 30% of our threatened or endangered species and over 40% of our recreationally hunted game

Yellow-headed Blackbird

Source: TNFC



species. They also provide critical range and winter habitat for native ungulates. Grasslands are threatened by urban expansion, agriculture, recreation, and a variety of other land-uses. Varieties found in southern interior grasslands include bluebunch wheatgrass, rough fescue, Idaho fescue, Sandberg’s bluegrass, junegrass, porcupine grass, and big sagebrush. Nearly 42% of the 2854 vascular plant species that occur in BC are found on grasslands. The Thompson area has over 50 plant Species at Risk indigenous to grasslands, including blue grama (Red List), scarlet gaura (Red List), and dwarf groundsmoke (Blue List). Grasslands provide nesting and foraging habitat for wildlife species as well as critical wildlife corridors connecting other habitats used by these species. Grassland ground nesting birds

include Long-billed Curlew (Blue List), Sharp-tailed Grouse (Blue List) and Short eared Owl (Blue List). Three Blue Listed snake species, Western Rattlesnake, Gopher Snake, and Racers, move from den sites to grasslands and open forests to forage through the summer months. American Badger (Red List) and two Blue Listed bat species, Fringed Myotis and Spotted Bat, also use grasslands for foraging and roosting.

3.10.6 Other Habitat for Species at Risk Many species at risk are found solely within the various above-described habitats. Other species are wide ranging, traversing ecosystems and multiple habitats, many being unmapped. An example of a wide ranging species is the American Badger (Red List), which frequents grasslands and open forests. Adult males may have a home range exceeding 100 km2. In summary, BC has over 1000 plants on either the Red or Blue Lists, many occurring in a variety of habitats and locations throughout the Thompson area.

3.10.7 Wildlife Habitat & Management Objectives a) To strive to protect the environment and human health and safety by managing for clean

water, land and air.b) To identify and protect environmentally sensitive areas such as watercourses, riparian

areas, essential habitats for blue and red listed species and ecosystem connectivity;c) To raise public awareness of responsible environmental

stewardship practices.d) To support habitat conservation and restoration.

3.10.8 Wildlife Habitat & Management Policies a) Development in Riparian Areas and Environmentally

Sensitive Areas as shown on the DPA 2 map, requires a Development Permit.

b) Avoid development in all riparian and environmentally sensitive areas.c) Work with the Province to map additional ESAs in the future as an amendment to the

current Plan or as part of the 5 year review of the OCP.

Long-billed curlew

Source: Wikimedia



d) Utilize Best Management Practices in all areas to minimize human impact on other species. d) Preserve snags, standing dead trees, downed logs and stumps where it is safe to do so.

These features provide valuable habitat for wildlife species. Rather than moving an identified hazard tree, consider stumping the tree (at 3-5 metres or more) in accordance with Best Management Practices for Hazard Tree and Non-Hazard Tree Limbing, Topping or Removal.

b) Require the connectivity and movement of wildlife, especially threatened and endangered species, be considered at the time of bylaw amendment applications.

3.11 Natural Environment - Water Resources

Surface and groundwater are the Plan area’s most valuable resources, essential to support a range of life, lifestyles, and livelihoods. The area’s lakes have many roles, including recreational playground, spiritual inspiration, domestic water provider, fisheries and economic generator. Groundwater is critical. In some areas it is the only viable and economic source of water supply for private water supply systems as well as for agricultural and non-residential uses. Watershed stewardship through protection of headwaters and aquifers from harmful contamination and over-consumption is a community-based responsibility, all to ensure an adequate healthy water supply for the future. Protecting critical water sources and encouraging conscious and efficient water use supports access to safe and sustainable water sources for the long-term.

3.11.1 Water Resources Objectives

a) To manage and protect the Plan area’s water resources in a sustainable fashion to prevent irreversible or undesirable impacts to surface and groundwater.

b) To promote responsible and sustainable water conservation strategies. c) To acquire a more comprehensive knowledge of the area’s aquifers by mapping, regulating

land use impacts on hydrology and monitoring the quality and quantity of the groundwater. 3.11.2 Water Resources Policies

Groundwater a) Subdivision or development utilizing surface water sources, other than Kamloops Lake or

pre-existing water licenses, is discouraged. b) Resource extraction in the Plan area watershed or groundwater recharge areas shall not

compromise domestic water resources, impact fish and wildlife habitat or negatively impact groundwater quality or quantity.

c) Stormwater management plans are to be prepared for any new development to effectively collect stormwater from roofs and impermeable surfaces for future use.

d) Water conservation techniques are encouraged through the use of low volume fixtures, evening irrigation and native landscape vegetation.



Surface Water e) Encourage adherence to the principles and guidelines set out in the Fisheries and Oceans

Canada publications The Shore Primer and The Dock Primer, and the private publication On the Living Edge: Your Handbook for Waterfront Living for all development at or near waterfront.

f) Support the implementation of the Lakeshore Development Guidelines through policy compliance and Development Permit requirements.

g) Lakefront property owners must seek the necessary Federal or Provincial approvals for dock/moorage development. Limit the number of wharves or docks and encourage the sharing of such structures.

3.11.3 Water Resources - Cherry Creek

Allow new multi-parcel subdivision (3 or more parcels) or major development (zoning bylaw amendment and subdivision) that relies on groundwater, only where and if a qualified professional hydrologist or groundwater geologist with hydrogeological expertise demonstrates that such groundwater use will not detrimentally impact surface water or groundwater sources necessary for ecosystem health, existing development, and agricultural operations.

3.11.4 Water Resources - Savona

Community water system users will work towards a system of water meters to encourage conscious consumption and conservation.

3.11.5 Water Resources - Tobiano Work towards an improved foreshore area as a means to provide additional lakeshore recreation opportunities.

3.12 Climate Change & Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions In 2007, the Province passed the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets Act committing the Province to reduce GHG emissions by 33% below 2007 levels by the year 2020 and 80% below 2007 levels by the year 2050. In support of this goal, the Province enacted the Local Government (Green Communities) Statutes Amendment Act. Under this Act and s. 877(3) of the Local Government Act, Official Community Plans must include emission reduction targets as well as policies and actions to support these targets. As a signatory to the Climate Action Charter, the TNRD has voluntarily agreed to develop strategies and take actions to achieve the following goals:

become carbon neutral; measure and report on the community’s GHG emissions profile; and create complete, compact, more energy efficient rural and urban communities.



3.12.1 Climate Change & Greenhouse Gas - Targets The Province provided each local government with a Community Energy & Emissions Inventory (CEEI) report to track and report annual community-wide energy consumption and GHG emissions. For the baseline year 2007, the Regional District’s CEEI report includes GHG emission estimates in three sectors 1) on-road transportation, 2) buildings, and 3) solid waste. There is no specific data on the quantity of GHG emissions generated within the Plan area; however, the general data indicates that transportation accounts for the majority of GHG emissions in the region followed by buildings and solid waste. Reducing transportation emissions is a significant challenge in rural communities therefore additional Provincial and Federal Government policies, actions and initiatives will be needed to support the community-wide GHG reduction targets set by the Regional District. Recognizing these challenges the TNRD has set the following community-wide GHG reduction targets:

10% by 2020 from 2007 levels 33% by 2050 from 2007 levels

The TNRD will utilize the provincially supplied 2007 CEEI data as the baseline for measuring GHG emission reductions.

3.12.2 Climate Change Objectives

a) To consider the impacts of land use decision making on climate change when reviewing development applications and undertaking long-range planning initiatives.

b) To encourage compact community design, infill development and planning strategies that reinforce smart growth principles and sustainable development.

c) To encourage and support non-vehicular travel (horse), walking trails, energy efficient vehicles and alternative modes of transportation to help reduce automobile dependence.

d) To encourage energy efficient new construction and the retrofit of existing buildings. e) To encourage water conservation, including the installation of low-flow plumbing fixtures in

new construction. f) To encourage low-impact renewable energy

generation (including solar and geothermal). g) To encourage and support initiatives to

upgrade wood-burning appliances through wood stove exchange programs.

h) To support the preservation of agricultural lands and local food production.

i) To encourage local community gardens and farmers’ markets within the Plan area.

j) To encourage tree planting where appropriate and the retention of existing healthy trees and natural vegetation during new development.

k) To support recycling initiatives through ongoing support for the area eco-depot.

Source: University of Calgary

Source: Ministry of Environment



3.12.3 Climate Change Advocacy Policies

a) As signatory to the Climate Action Charter, the Regional District will take steps to address and support the goals of the Charter.

b) Raise awareness about BC Climate Action and energy conservation by making relevant informational material available to residents of the Regional District.

c) Investigate potential incentives to builders, developers and homeowners who incorporate alternative energy sources.

d) Investigate the feasibility of a tree planting incentive program for residents of the TNRD. e) Request the Province’s continued support in providing the Regional District with the tools

and resources necessary to monitor and measure GHG reduction levels. f) Continue to raise awareness about recycling and landfill diversion through educational

initiatives such as newsletters, information guides, and newspaper inserts. g) Continue to explore opportunities to reduce energy use at Regional District recycling and

refuse transfer stations including the use of alternative energy generation. h) Support waste reduction policies and actions outlined in the Regional Solid Waste

Management Plan.



PART 4: Neighbourhood Overview 4.1 “Go West Young Man” – Western Migration & the Cadastral Evolution

First Nations established the initial travel routes and settlement locations within the Plan area, selecting optimal sites for seasonal habitation. Early trade routes, the Gold Rush, and railway development significantly impacted migration and the resulting settlement patterns. The “Railway Belt”, a 20 mile region on either side of the CPR main line, bisects the Plan area. Under the 1871 Terms of Entry into Confederation, the Government of BC agreed to transfer control of the Railway Belt to the Government of Canada as compensation for the enormous cost of railway works through BC’s mountain terrain. These lands were then used to further the building of the railway, granting portions of it to the CPR, and the resulting settling of the West. The Railway Belt, surveyed under the Dominion Land Survey system of one square mile sections, was further refined into the system we still know today as Section, Township and Range. District Lots represent parcels that were created and sold to settlers primarily from 1860-1890. Over time, these lots were further subdivided into blocks and “Legal Subdivisions”. Comprised of new and old parcels, the physical form of each community in the Plan area represents the various eras of land use development and densities that have evolved over the past 130 years.5

4.2 Settlement Area Planning

The evolution of communities within the Plan area has diverged, resulting in differing land use patterns and choices reflective of various eras. Acknowledging the smaller or seasonal settlements of Frederick and Copper Creek, residents told us that the new OCP should recognize three distinct communities – Savona, Tobiano, and Cherry Creek - potentially sharing objectives but having distinct policies and a localized sense of place and community.

4.3 Growth & Land Demand Savona, Tobiano and Cherry Creek are unincorporated thus community “boundaries” have been mapped on the basis of improvement district, CD zoning, and community. These boundaries are not political and do not propose future municipal borders.

The Plan must meet the requirements for residential housing for at least five years. See s. 2.6 for Plan area historic growth statistics and projected estimates of housing demand. Importantly, given existing zoning (as set out in the Zoning Bylaw and supported by this OCP) and the number of existing vacant parcels and density potential on other parcels, the legislated

Courtesy: Assoc. BC Land Surveyors


http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_Lots&action=edit&redlink=1


requirement to accommodate growth is more than well exceeded for decades to come even under the high growth/demand scenario.

Cherry Creek is an unincorporated community that approximates the area shown on Figure 3. Large rural parcels generally support single and two family dwellings, agriculture, resource extraction and hobby farm uses with limited local and tourist commercial uses.

Tobiano CD Zone area permits single, two-family and multi-family parcels, resort commercial, and tourism (trails, foreshore, golf course, and marina) uses. These lands permit higher density residential/resort parcels and medium density parcels to a maximum density of 1952 dwelling units. This community will more than accommodate the higher end of the property market and a range within the multi/two family market for years to come.

Savona mapped area includes all land within Savona Improvement District currently served by water utilities, fire protection, etc. and potential future system capacity/capital improvements or extensions. Areas of Savona could accommodate smaller suburban/lakeshore residential lot sizes with a minimum parcel size of 2000 square metres, all subject to domestic water capacity and the economic feasibility of a sewage system.

The preference for compact communities is a desired alternative to rural or urban residential sprawl which compromises agricultural land and has significant adverse impacts in terms of water conservation, wildfire interface area, vehicle trip generation and increased demand for costly services. That said, OCP submissions included support for new small acreage semi-rural lots and a perceived market demand for such lots. Applications to rezone to create these parcels will be evaluated in light of OCP policies and objectives, including those outlined in this Part by each neighbourhood.

4.4 Neighbourhood Overview - Growth Management Objectives

a) To recognize and maintain each area’s unique identity as a distinct community. b) To direct growth into already serviced areas whereby:

• the integrity of existing urban vs. rural areas is maintained; • the costs of providing road, sewer, water and drainage services is minimized; and • compact complete neighbourhoods provide a variety of lifestyle, housing, economic

and cultural opportunities.

4.5 Cherry Creek Cherry Creek, named for the profusion of chokecherries found by the early fur traders has also been referred to as Riviere en Cereise and Cherry Bluff Creek. It extends west of Kamloops and is characterized by rolling hills, natural grasslands, and agricultural operations. The first independent farms were established here in 1860 by Donald McAulay and John McIver, both retired Hudson’s Bay Company agents. Large, multi-parcel ranching operations, including Cherry Creek Ranch, dominated most of the land area until the 1970s. Mining activity took place in the Roper Hill and Ironmask Hill areas.



Most parcels remained in their original surveyed configuration until the early 1970s when the first multi-lot subdivisions were approved near Gardi Road. Zoning regulation and the ALR were introduced into the area in 1972. Despite that some earlier subdivisions were approved with parcels smaller than eight hectares, planning policies, limited groundwater resources, and ALR policy discourage the creation of additional small parcels. Cherry Creek is an unincorporated area with limited services. The area remains a rural, agricultural community with limited commercial activity. Mineral claims and active mining operations continue to flank the south and east boundaries while small scale local commercial activities, some home based, dot the neighbourhood.

According to our survey, residents value their rural atmosphere within close proximity to Kamloops and recognize that with large lot development and limited population, urban type services are premature. Their primary issues or areas of concern follow:

• preserving a rural lifestyle on larger residential parcels; • lack of social cohesion – need for a community “centre”; • study sustainable groundwater sources with view to long-range resource protection; • protect environmentally sensitive/hazard lands and safeguard from hazardous

conditions (e.g. wildfire); and

Figure 3 – Cherry Creek community area



• consider form of fire protection service.

4.5.1 Neighbourhood Overview - Cherry Creek Objectives

a) To protect agriculture and resource uses along with a pastoral lifestyle. b) To protect the long-term sustainability of the groundwater resource. c) To encourage home-based businesses that do not alter primary residential use or

neighbourhood character. d) To encourage local agri-tourism and agri-business opportunities without compromising

water resources.

4.5.2 Neighbourhood Overview - Cherry Creek Policies

a) Discourage increased density requests and amendment applications that enable small parcel subdivision.

b) Encourage community activities and events that generate inter-generational and cultural interest, participation and social integration.

c) Review and monitor additional dwelling units for bylaw compliance. d) Seek funding opportunities for a Groundwater Management Plan for the Cherry Creek

neighbourhood. 4.6 Neighbourhood Overview - Tobiano

The Tobiano resort community was approved as a comprehensive resort in 1998. Formerly known as Six Mile Ranch and “Kamloops on the Lake,” the resort development changed its name to “Tobiano” in 2010. Sited on the benchlands, Tobiano is framed by Kamloops Lake to the north, Six Mile Protected Area to the west, and rural farms and grasslands to the south and east. This master-planned, comprehensive resort community is designed to capture panoramic views with a water supply system and community sewer services. Residential and commercial areas have been pre-zoned with a maximum density provision under a Comprehensive Development or CD zone. The cap is for 1952 dwelling units and 500 resort accommodation units within the commercial area. Lake access and recreation is supported by the adjacent marina. Development thus far has contributed to Tobiano’s status as a golf resort and bedroom community for the City of Kamloops. Compared to other Plan Area communities, Tobiano residents’ sense of place and community continues to evolve.

Tobiano accommodates a broad range of residential, resort, and commercial options, from country residential lots permitting large detached homes to multi-family residential units. The

Courtesy: Urban Systems



residential components are progressively building-out around the golf course; however, the planned commercial areas have not yet been developed. Primary issues or areas of concern are as follows:

• direct growth to serviced areas (e.g. Savona/Tobiano); • promote the recreational uses of Kamloops Lake; • implement stronger policy for lakeshore protection; and • protect environmentally sensitive and hazard lands.

4.6.1 Neighbourhood Overview - Tobiano Objectives a) To support a comprehensive, mixed use resort/residential community comprised of a mix

of residential and commercial land uses. b) To ensure development is directed away from sensitive or hazard lands. c) To promote an expanded range of recreational uses on Kamloops Lake. d) To protect the extraordinary viewscape afforded by Kamloops Lake and the arid natural

landscape. 4.6.2 Neighbourhood Overview - Tobiano Policies a) Support ongoing marina development and waterway connectivity between Kamloops Lake

and the Thompson River system. b) Encourage the development of existing or vacant lots. c) Support the development of a Neighbourhood Plan. d) Encourage the development of new commercial pursuits.

Figure 4 – Tobiano Comprehensive Development Area



4.7 Neighbourhood Overview - Savona Savona fronts Kamloops Lake at the western end of the Plan area. Road and transportation corridors have had a significant impact on Savona’s settlement pattern. Historic travel/transportation route evolution has shifted the townsite location, changed the community’s name and impacted key land uses in the community.

Francois Saveneux settled on the lake’s south shore in 1858 to run a cable ferry across Boute du Lac (present Kamloops Lake). The ferry, catering mainly to American miners in the early days of the interior Gold Rush, was run in conjunction with the Hudson’s Bay Company north shore wharf and warehouse (at Savona’s Ferry). Following CPR completion, the townsite moved to the south shore and briefly became known as Port Van Horne. Cornelius Van Horne, then CPR General Manager, “. . . regarded such a small place as beneath his worth and so the name reverted to Savona’s Ferry and contracted to Savona about 1910”.6,7

Like many railway communities, the original townsite was surveyed in a gridiron pattern with no regard for topography, parcel size or fluctuating lake levels. The gridiron suited the egalitarian spirit that characterized settlement patterns of the time: ample land, equal parcels.

The Trans-Canada Highway shifted to its present location from Savona Access Road in the mid-1950s. Since then, many tourist recreational and highway commercial uses have vanished from the lakeshore area. A mix of seasonal or permanent residential use replaces many of the old lakeshore motels, campgrounds and auto courts that dotted the Savona waterfront. Some historic townsite lots are problematic to

development due to the constrained parcel size and lack of community sewer facilities. Today, Savona is a spirited lakeside residential community with commercial and industrial operations, including Savona Specialty Plywood, Savona Equipment, Spectra Energy Transmission and Nelson Machinery.

4.7.1 Neighbourhood Overview - Savona Objectives a) To ensure an acceptable level of growth and intensification commensurate with sufficient,

affordable community service levels. b) To recognize and support the community’s unique lakeside character. c) To conserve and protect the environmental integrity of Kamloops Lake and surrounding

grasslands. d) To support the primary resource industries in the community.

Source: TNFC



4.7.2 Neighbourhood Overview - Savona Policies

a) Support the development of existing vacant lots, including infill subdivision, provided that all bylaw requirements are met.

b) New development shall be serviced with the Savona community water system.

c) Support a neighbourhood service centre that consists of local neighbourhood commercial uses and services in support of the local area, especially the area’s youth.

Figure 5 - Savona Improvement District area



PART 5: Agriculture & Resource Use 5.1 Context

For over 150 years agriculture has helped shape the Plan area’s land use patterns, creating a rural atmosphere that remains an important attribute for residents today. Vast expanses of natural grasslands and open range coupled with acceptable soil types help maintain local ranching and farming. Today, local agriculture includes forage farms, specialty agri-marketing, local fruit and vegetable and animal husbandry operations.

The Agriculture designation seeks a balance between preserving and utilizing farm land for a broad range of uses. These lands support extensive agricultural uses and contribute to the rural character and base of the area. This designation will ensure that primary agricultural use and associated activities are permitted and consistent with Provincial legislation and Agricultural Land Commission (ALC) policies. Farming and ranching are economically challenging ventures in the Plan area. Local farmers maintain their livelihoods despite rising fuel costs, poor soil capability, grassland degradation, changing market conditions, and limited or inaccessible water resources. Despite these challenges, farming and ranching continue in the Plan area. Local food production will play an increasingly important role in the future as transportation and import costs are anticipated to rise and food security becomes a greater concern. 5.1.1 Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR) The ALR covers approximately a third of the OCP lands (see Figure 6). The ALC is an independent agency responsible for administering the Province's land use controls in support of agriculture and the authority to regulate subdivision and non-farm uses within the ALR. The ALC works with local government to ensure community plans are consistent with the land use zones and that small-lot development is directed away from ALR lands. 5.1.2 Agriculture Objectives a) To preserve existing large rural and agricultural parcels in

recognition that the majority of the Plan area will continue to remain primarily rural in nature with limited community services and infrastructure.

b) To ensure that valuable agricultural lands are preserved for agricultural purposes and protected from inappropriate fragmentation through subdivision, in particular those within the ALR.



c) To support creative and innovative ideas for diversifying and enhancing farm income byaccommodating opportunities for uses secondary to and related to agricultural use.

d) To minimize conflicts between agriculture and other land uses in the Plan area.

5.1.3 Agriculture Policies a) Areas designated Agriculture, shown on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C, are primarily to serve for

crop and livestock production. Agriculture use is also encouraged in areas designatedAgriculture Resource.

b) The minimum parcel size for lands designated Agriculture and Agriculture Resource useis 32 ha; notwithstanding that the ALC determines parcel sizes within the ALR and is notbound by the minimum parcel sizes identified in the bylaw. The ALC will consider requestsfor subdivision in the ALR in compliance with its mandate to preserve agricultural land andencourage farming, taking into account soils, climate, topography and other factorsapplicable to agricultural capability and potential.

c) Owners of ALR parcels smaller than 32 ha which existed prior to the adoption of the OCPmay apply to the ALC for approval to subdivide, and if approved by the ALC, would not beopposed by the Regional District if a zoning and/or subdivision application was required.

Figure 6 – Agricultural Land Reserve



d) Encourage agri-tourism/ agri-business opportunities, uses considered complementary to agricultural land use (subject to Zoning Bylaw provisions and the Agricultural Land Commission Act).

e) The TNRD may support forwarding application for ALR exclusion or subdivision provided: • there are no negative impacts on

surrounding agriculture use/operations; • the land is physically and economically

incapable of supporting agriculture or grazing as evaluated and determined by a qualified agrologist; and

• the land’s agricultural potential is compromised by a combination of factors (e.g. transportation corridors, proximity of residential development, mineral tenure or parcel area, topography, etc.)

f) Encourage the agriculture industry and local food production by establishing economic strategies that promote the industry and new markets.

g) Support programs designed to increase public awareness of the implications of invasive plants.

h) The rural character of Cherry Creek shall be maintained to encourage the widest range of agricultural activities.

i) Retain good quality agriculture lands intact so as to not detract from agricultural viability.

j) Discourage the proliferation of non-farm residential development. Any additional dwellings for agricultural or horticultural use shall only be approved in accordance with the zoning bylaw and Provincial regulations. Domestic water for any additional dwelling shall be provided in accordance with Provincial requirements and be proven not to impact existing users in the Cherry Creek area.

k) Encourage the provision of sufficient buffering of new development adjacent to agricultural areas in the form of setbacks and landscaping consistent with ALC buffer design guidelines

Source: BC Ministry of Agriculture



or the current edition of the Ministry of Agriculture’s publication titled “Guide to Edge Planning: Promoting Compatibility along Urban-Agricultural Edges”.

l) Requirements for new subdivisions or non-farm development adjacent to agricultural land or Crown land shall include the installation, by an approved fencing contractor, of four strand barbed wire cattle fencing in accordance with Kamloops Forest District specifications. Fence maintenance shall be the responsibility of the landowner. New gates bordering on Crown land are not permitted.

m) Support the development of an area Agriculture Management Plan.

5.2 Agriculture Resource

5.2.1 Agriculture Resource – Context

The Plan area is dominated by rural landscapes including natural grasslands and the benchland of the Thompson Valley. Agriculture Resource designated lands are primarily scattered acreages comprising of both private and Crown lands. These lands are valued for their grazing tenures, recreational, rural residential, visual and forestry values and natural resource extraction. This designation plays a significant role in protecting the Plan area’s future resource potential; however, without effective resource management policies and agency cooperation, extraction and development requests may create conflicts and environmental degradation.

5.2.2 Agriculture Resource Objectives a) To encourage access to and opportunity for development of Crown resources that

contribute tax revenues to support of community social, health, education and transportation services and provide future regional economic opportunities.

b) To minimize conflicts between resource activities and adjacent land uses. c) To protect existing large tracts of land and environmentally sensitive features while

recognizing existing zoning rights, including rural dwelling use. d) To support cooperative efforts to manage access to Crown lands for a wide spectrum of

resource values and strengthen relationships with the Province and First Nations.

5.2.3 Agriculture Resource Policies

a) Agriculture Resource designation lands, shown on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C, include forestry, resource extraction, rural residential, agriculture, and open land recreation uses.

b) The minimum parcel size for new subdivisions within the Agriculture Resource designation is 8 ha; notwithstanding that the ALC determines parcel sizes within the ALR and is not bound by the minimum parcel sizes identified in the bylaw. The ALC will consider requests for ALR subdivision in light of its mandate to preserve agricultural land and encourage farming, taking into account soils, climate, topography and other factors applicable to agricultural capability and potential.



c) Work with communities and Provincial agencies to identify access strategies to Crown lake resources.

d) Encourage public environment education programs designed to protect the backcountry. e) Support an open communication strategy with First Nations in the management, protection

and development of Crown land. f) Support the wildfire hazard policies set out in Section 3.8 for any proposed non-agricultural

resource uses. g) Requirements for new subdivisions or non-

farm development adjacent to agricultural land or Crown land shall include the installation, by an approved fencing contractor, of four strand barbed wire cattle fencing in accordance with Kamloops Forest District specifications. Fence maintenance shall be the responsibility of the landowner. New gates bordering on Crown land are not permitted.

5.3 Sand, Gravel & Other Mineral Extraction Policies

5.3.1 Mineral Extraction Context The Iron Mask batholith stretching diagonally across the eastern edge of the Plan area hosts an array of ores (mainly gold and copper) and associated mining activity. A proposed open pit mine (Ajax) on the site of the previous Afton Mine would expand upon mining activity, while an underground block-caving mine, New Gold, operates just west of the City of Kamloops municipal boundary. Additionally, glacial deposits have contributed pockets of aggregate on benches above the southern shores of Kamloops Lake enabling several gravel pits in and around the Plan area. Mineral resource extraction is regulated by the Ministry of Energy and Mines under two acts: Mineral Tenure Act, which establishes tenure, and the Mines Act including the Health, Safety and Reclamation Code, which regulates mining activities. TNRD authority is limited excepting the Local Government Act which requires that this OCP identify the approximate location and area of sand and gravel deposits that are suitable for future extraction to meet community needs. Existing aggregate operations are denoted with a “G” on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C. Residents have expressed concern over the potential impacts of proposed open-pit mining plans and additional gravel operations, including dust, terrestrial disturbances and groundwater contamination. Aggregate mining provides an important local resource vital to the construction and transportation industry; however, some area gravel pits have historically conflicted with adjacent residents, including noise, dust and rural intrusion.



5.3.2 Sand, Gravel & Other Mineral Extraction Objectives a) To protect lands having useable aggregate or mineral resources from development or

adjacent uses that would limit or significantly compromise future mining. b) To designate areas capable of long-term aggregate processing within the Plan area. c) To reduce or mitigate the impacts of resource extraction on human health and the

environment. d) To minimize conflicts between sand and gravel processing operations, open pit mining

activities and adjacent land uses. e) To secure requirements for rehabilitation and reclamation of extraction sites. 5.3.3 Sand, Gravel & Other Mineral Extraction Policies a) Lands with high mineral and aggregate potential are encouraged to remain as large parcels

to enable extraction with minimal impacts and conflicts. b) The TNRD will have due regard for these resource values when considering land

development proposals within the general vicinity of these deposits. c) Sand, gravel and other mineral extraction is limited to the excavation, screening and

storage of aggregate material derived on-site with no additional processing such as manufacture of asphalt or concrete and other end products. Processing activities are zoned in industrial areas or where permitted by Temporary Use Permits under conditions imposed by the Board of Directors.

d) New sand, gravel and other mineral extraction and processing shall be discouraged from residential neighbourhoods but encouraged to locate on large lots (Agriculture and Agriculture Resource) subject to Board policy and, where required, ALC approval. New extraction operations shall demonstrate that all activity can be conducted in a manner that limits impacts on neighbouring properties, including: control of hours of operation,

groundwater and surface water impacts, dust control, screening, access, traffic circulation, road residual and site reclamation. Operations located in community drinking water source protection planning areas shall accommodate all source protection plan recommendations.

e) Encourage mining and reclamation techniques that enable reuse of post-mining lands. f) Work with the City of Kamloops to ensure lands in the fringe area are being developed with

regard to cross-jurisdictional interests. g) To obtain public input for all new mine permits and major permit amendments, it is

recommended that the Ministry hold a public hearing prior to permit issuance and that notification of this hearing include a sign upon the land, a direct mail out to all owners/occupiers with 200 metres of the land, and newspaper advertising.



Figure 7 - Mineral Tenures



PART 6: Residential 6.1 Context

Plan area residents cherish their individual neighbourhoods along with the ability to live, work, play and raise their families in a scenic safe environment. Today, most residential development is within the three main settlement areas: Savona, Cherry Creek and Tobiano.

The Plan area contains a mix of residential development densities, ranging from contemporary multi-family developments in Tobiano to lakeshore and suburban residential uses in Savona to large agri-residential parcels in Cherry Creek. In 2011, the total Plan area population was 1074. Growth is predicted to remain stable over the next five years. While new resource development opportunities and resulting migration trends may provide limited population increase, an aging population and low birth rates have a significant impact on residential demand; nonetheless, Tobiano and Savona, have extensive lands and vacant parcels, more than adequate for future residential development.

The Plan provides for residential development of varying densities, affordability ranges and servicing requirements for each settlement area. This is in addition to the potential residential use on individual Agriculture Resource and Agriculture lands.

6.2 Residential Objectives - General a) To support residential development that is in keeping with the existing density and

character of the respective communities. b) To direct new residential subdivision and development to appropriate areas with

commensurate servicing levels. c) To ensure that infrastructure serving new development can be developed and maintained

at a reasonable cost and minimizes negative environment impacts. d) To encourage a variety of housing types, tenures and densities to meet the diverse needs

and income levels of individuals and families. e) To ensure that residential developments avoid sensitive natural areas and/or hazardous

conditions. 6.3 Residential Policies - General

a) Lands designated Residential are as shown on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C. b) Encourage and support a green, environmentally friendly approach to development

throughout the Plan area, including siting design for energy conservation, low flow plumbing fixtures and alternative energy systems.

c) Discourage new bylaw amendment applications for development in the City of Kamloops fringe area.

Courtesy: Julie Reimer



d) Density averaging may be used to protect open space, natural features, stream corridors, grasslands or environmentally sensitive areas.

e) Collaborate with the Province to ensure that new residential development adjacent to agricultural areas implements sufficient buffers to mitigate negative impacts.

f) Support the wildfire hazard prevention policies as per s. 3.8 for new residential development, including bylaw amendment and subdivision applications.

6.3.1 Residential Policy - Cherry Creek a) Retain rural character specifically: large agriculture, hobby

farms and pre-existing residential nodes. Despite this, pre-existing development shall not be used as a precedent for similar residential development.

b) New residential development uses may only be considered where sustainable groundwater is proven not to detrimentally impact the groundwater supply.

6.3.2 Residential Policy - Tobiano a) Encourage new development that strengthens the existing neighbourhood as a

comprehensive resort community with a variety of residential uses and tenures. b) Plan for Tobiano’s partial evolution from resort community to residential neighbourhood.

6.3.3 Residential Policy - Savona a) Encourage new waterfront and suburban residential development within the Savona

Improvement District. b) Medium and high density developments may only be considered if connected to a

community sewer system. c) Encourage the infill of vacant residential parcels before developing new residential areas. d) Density averaging may be considered in the interest of protecting open space, natural

features, stream corridors, grasslands or environmentally sensitive areas.

6.4 Agri-Residential

The Agri-Residential land use designation includes low density parcels previously subdivided in the Cherry Creek area. This designation recognizes existing larger parcels primarily used for agricultural and residential uses. a) Lands designated Agri-Residential are as shown on

Maps 1A, 1B and 1C. b) Agri-Residential lands are intended to remain agricultural in nature with limited residential

development. c) Proposed Agri-Residential developments shall be evaluated for the following criteria:

“Protecting the rural character of Cherry Creek is very important to my

family and our neighbours.”

Cherry Creek resident

Courtesy: Tim and Shalena Ries



• domestic water source in compliance with the subdivision servicing bylaw or applicable Provincial legislation;

• approval from the ALC and/or MoTI; • impacts on agricultural land; • access without the need for new public roads through ESAs, ALR or hazard land; • new subdivision or non-farm development adjacent to agricultural land or Crown land

shall include the installation, by an approved fencing contractor, of four strand barbed wire cattle fencing in accordance with Kamloops Forest District specifications. Fence maintenance shall be the responsibility of the landowner. New gates bordering on Crown land are not permitted; and

• new developments adjacent to areas within the ALR should incorporate the Ministry of Agriculture’s recommendations found in the Guide to Edge Planning: Promoting Compatibility along Urban-Agricultural Edges to reduce conflicts.

6.5 Suburban Residential The Suburban Residential land use designation includes lands within the Savona Improvement District only. These lands are serviced with a community water system. There is presently no community sewer; however, a service may be developed in the future pending community demand and affordability. This designation seeks to preserve the unique character of the existing Savona neighbourhood while supporting low and medium density residential infill development. a) Lands designated Suburban Residential are as shown on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C. b) The Suburban Residential density shall be 2000 square metres per dwelling unit. c) All Suburban Residential development shall be serviced with the community water system. d) Affordable housing is encouraged in the Plan area and may, as permitted in the Zoning

Bylaw, consist of one secondary suite; manufactured or modular homes; or a second dwelling for care and assisted living purposes.

e) Discourage Suburban Residential development outside the Savona Improvement District. f) New Suburban Residential shall be assessed using the following criteria:

• impact on agricultural land;

• proximity to parks or community facilities; • adequate stormwater management; and • community water or water supply system capacity.




6.6 Manufactured Home Park (MHP)

At time of writing, the Plan area has seven properties zoned for manufactured home park use with four parks in operation. Acknowledging that MHPs offer a form of affordable housing, the TNRD will consider applications for additional MHP Permits on the basis of demonstrated demand, ample developable area and proven sustainable services. a) Lands designated Manufactured Home Park are as shown

on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C, recognizing both existing manufactured home parks and parcels zoned MHP.

b) Existing and new MHPs shall be redeveloped or developed in accordance with the Manufactured Home Parks Bylaw in effect.

c) MHPs shall have demonstrated soil capacity to support on-site sewage disposal and sufficient groundwater for year round use, as required by the applicable Provincial agency. Those in Savona shall be serviced with the community water system.

d) Acknowledging residents’ goals of maintaining a rural atmosphere and protecting groundwater resources, applications for new MHP zoning in the Cherry Creek area will not be supported.

e) Any MHP shall be buffered from adjacent agricultural lands in accordance with the Ministry of Agriculture’s Guide to Edge Planning: Promoting Compatibility along Urban-Agricultural Edges.

6.7 Affordable Housing Policy

Affordable housing, a legislated OCP consideration, is deemed “affordable” by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation if it costs less than 30% of before-tax household income. Affordable housing may be provided by the private, public and not-for-profit sectors or it may be other forms of housing tenure (e.g. rental or cooperative ownership). A broad range of housing choices is supported in the Plan area, including various forms of affordable housing. a) In support of affordable housing and to address special needs such as temporary or

additional dwellings, the TNRD encourages a range of housing types and lot sizes in the Plan area.

b) Qualifying that affordable/ social housing typically benefits from proximity to other services in urban locations (Savona or Kamloops), these may be more suitable than more rural locations.



6.8 Cluster Residential

Cluster Residential is supported within the Plan area subject to a site-specific review of the development application with the Approving Officer and, in the case of density averaging, the Board of Directors. Rural cluster developments provide a form of residential subdivision that: • conserves farmland and natural open spaces; • enables the protection of natural, cultural or recreational features; • reduces the impacts of large lot fragmentation, especially in the fringe area and on lands

adjacent to existing settlement areas. Cluster designs may be considered in cases where density bonusing and/or density transfer are being considered in conjunction with higher servicing standards and conservation initiatives, where applicable.

Source: Conservation Design for Subdivisions by Randall G. Arendt



PART 7: Commercial

7.1 Context High amenity values combined with ease of access from both the Trans-Canada and Coquihalla Highways make the Plan area susceptible to development seeking lower taxes. Local commercial land uses are generally supported; however, Kamloops remains recognized as the regional commercial and service centre. Existing commercial develop-ment within the Plan area is characterized as sparse with pockets of highway, tourist and local retail commercial in Cherry Creek and Savona.

Tobiano was planned and approved as a comprehensive resort development with a mix of commercial and residential uses and full community services. Since Tobiano’s approval, commercial development has yet to commence; however, seasonal commercial amenities including Tobiano Golf Course and Bruker Marina may serve as catalysts for new ventures.

Changes in non-resident recreational investments, rising waterfront property values and a strong residential neighbourhood have helped transform Savona’s waterfront from tourist recreational and retail commercial to more passive, permanent residential uses, including those who live in Savona and commute to Kamloops for employment.

Home-based business has experienced significant growth since the last Plan review. A range of accessory businesses have developed and are now interwoven into the fabric of the Plan area’s residential areas.

Courtesy - TNFC



7.2 Commercial Objectives a) To support neighbourhood commercial activities serving the needs of local residents,

business, agriculture, and visitors. b) To discourage land use incompatibility and conflicts between commercial activities and

surrounding land uses. c) To consider recreational commercial development on private and Crown land in proximity

to Kamloops Lake. d) To recognize the City of Kamloops as the regional commercial hub for major commercial

development where services and amenities are more readily available. e) To recognize and support economic development through home based businesses that

are compatible with the surrounding neighbourhood.

7.3 Commercial Policies

7.3.1 General Commercial Policies a) Commercial designated lands are as shown on Maps

1A, 1B and 1C. b) Encourage commercial development to locate away

from sensitive habitat or hazard land areas. c) Temporary Use Permits may be considered for short-

term commercial uses (see Part 12). d) Highway service commercial uses are intended to

support travelers via a mix of automotive, short-term accommodation and service industry uses. Existing highway service commercial uses are recognized in Cherry Creek and Savona. New developments are encouraged in Savona, where visibility, easy access from Highway No. 1 and services are provided.

e) Discourage commercial strip development on both Trans-Canada or Coquihalla Highways. f) Requirements for new commercial subdivisions or non-farm development adjacent to

agricultural land or Crown land shall include the installation, by an approved fencing contractor, of four strand barbed wire cattle fencing in accordance with Kamloops Forest District specifications. Fence maintenance shall be the responsibility of the landowner. New gates bordering on Crown land are not permitted.

g) Discourage new bylaw amendment applications for development in the fringe area of the City of Kamloops.

7.3.2 Commercial Policies - Savona a) Support a neighbourhood commercial centre in Savona to supply goods and services to

the local residents. New commercial uses should be considered in light of the following: • compatibility with adjacent land uses and designations and the character of the existing

neighbourhood; • hazard impact mitigation, including floodplain, instable soils and wildfire;



• mitigation of visual impacts where development is proposed within the Trans-Canada Highway corridor and other visually sensitive areas;

• capability of parcels to accommodate on-site sewage systems; • “small town” streetscape with adequate off-street parking, suitable landscaping, on-site screening and signage that is appropriate to the location; and • natural environment impact mitigation, including Development Permit and Lakeshore Development Guideline compliance, where applicable.

7.3.3 Commercial Policies - Cherry Creek

a) Local agricultural businesses including agri- tourism, farm-gate marketing, winery/cidery and a farmers’ market are generally supported provided that they comply with zoning regulations and ALR legislation.

b) Limited tourist commercial or seasonal residential development may be considered north of the Trans-Canada Highway on Cherry Creek Station Road subject to bylaw amendment applications and the following: • adequacy of available water and sewer services; • compatibility with surrounding development; • hazard land assessment; • public road improvements, including access to

Kamloops Lake; and • ability to provide safe egress and ingress from the

Trans-Canada Highway. c) Discourage commercial development that detracts from the agri-residential neighbourhood

or negatively impacts existing groundwater resources. 7.3.4 Commercial Policies - Tobiano a) Support and encourage the viability of Tobiano’s future commercial centre (Monroe

Station) by permitting mixed use buildings with commercial activities on the ground level and residential or resort hotel uses above.

b) Establish retail to complement the existing Tobiano Golf Clubhouse facility and support a range of appropriate neighbourhood retail and commercial services.

c) Encourage the ongoing development of the commercial marina on Kamloops Lake and support linkages to water-related commercial activities on the lake and river systems.

d) Comprehensive Resort uses may be considered in accordance with those permitted in the zoning bylaw.



PART 8: Industrial

8.1 Context

The Fringe Areas Policy discourages industrial development on the periphery of municipalities. Kamloops being the regional industrial centre, major industry is encouraged to locate within that municipality. Currently, industrial activities are limited within the Plan area. The development of new or additional industrial activities was not put forward as a priority during the consultation process. That said, Savona has a large industrial presence in the Plan area with several large parcels zoned or designated for industrial use.

8.2 Industrial Objectives a) To support traditional primary resource employment sectors in the Plan area, including

forestry, mining and agriculture. b) To encourage industrial development in or adjacent to existing industrial uses. c) To maximize qualified industrial opportunities in light of access to transportation corridors

and resources. d) To minimize conflicts and impacts between industrial land and other land uses.

8.3 Industrial Policies

a) Industrial designated lands are as illustrated on Maps 1A, 1B and 1C. b) Mining activities are encouraged to consider locating heavy industrial supporting uses on

existing Industrial lands before developing new lands. c) Preserve and support local industrial employment opportunities in the Savona area. d) Savona Industrial lands should retain an industrial focus and support processing,

manufacturing, storage, and ancillary business uses. e) Discourage new bylaw amendment applications for development in the fringe area of the

City of Kamloops. f) Any new industrial applications or proposals will be assessed against the following criteria:

• compatibility with adjacent land uses, designations, and neighbourhood character; • natural hazard mitigation, including floodplain, unstable soils, air quality and wildfire; • mitigation of visual impacts where development is proposed within the Trans-Canada

and Coquihalla Highway corridors and other visually sensitive areas; • archaeological assessment;



• new industrial subdivisions or non-farm development adjacent to agricultural land or Crown land shall include the installation, by an approved fencing contractor, of four strand barbed wire cattle fencing in accordance with Kamloops Forest District specifications. Fence maintenance shall be the responsibility of the landowner. New gates bordering on Crown land are not permitted.

• proximity and access to existing road network; and • natural environment impact mitigation, including Development Permit and Lakeshore

Development Guideline compliance.



PART 9: Quality of Life

9.1 Parks, Recreation, First Nations, Heritage & Institutional

9.1.1 Context In the context of this OCP, quality of life means one’s feeling of well-being, fulfillment, or satisfaction resulting from one or more external factors. Plan area residents expressed a strong sense of place, attachment to their local environments and in particular, the idyllic rural ambience. Residents value their “recreational freedom” which includes access to diverse recreational opportunities, open land, lakes and geographically unique places. Economic, social, spiritual, cultural, health, and environmental elements collectively contribute to the Plan area resident’s excellent quality of life. Residents expressed a strong interest in the protection and conservation of attributes that contribute to these values.

9.2 Parks and Recreation

9.2.1 Crown Land Provincial Parks and Protected Areas are regulated under Provincial legislation. Although paramount provincial land use plans exist for these areas, Crown land areas comprise a large extent of the Plan area and provide the context to the overall parks and recreation planning.

Steelhead (Sk’emqin) Provincial Park is the most visible and easily accessible park in the Plan area. Created in 1995 in conjunction with the Skeetchestn First Nation, the 38 ha park consists of 44 campsites on Kamloops Lake. Open from May to October, the park provides over one kilometer of waterfront on Kamloops Lake and Thompson River and is home to significant heritage buildings.

Six Mile Hill Protected Area is a 151 ha protected area east of Savona. It is also a popular highway rest stop and lookout. Protection status emanated from negotiations relating to the Six Mile Economic Benefits and Settlement Agreement approved on March 12, 2001 by the Skeetchestn Band, the Province and the original “Kamloops on the Lake” (Tobiano) developer. This agreement affirmed continued cattle grazing, the intended resort recreation and tourism uses, and identified specific wildlife and natural vegetation attributes that the signatories desired to preserve in the protected area.



Painted Bluffs Provincial Park is a 100 ha park that protects an area of geological significance on the north shore of Kamloops Lake, 34 kilometers west of Kamloops. It is accessed by the Sabiston Road west of Savona. The primary role of Painted Bluffs Park is to protect the unique geological features and ecological integrity of its grassland habitats. This park along with the adjacent Dewdrop - Rosseau Wildlife Management Area, the Tranquille Ecological Reserve, and Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area create an extensive tract set aside for management and conservation of sensitive wildlife on the north side of Kamloops Lake. Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area is a 15,000 ha area that straddles the City of Kamloops/TNRD boundary at the east end of Kamloops Lake. The area is managed with a priority focus on conserving the nationally significant grassland ecosystems. Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected area is one of the few areas in BC protecting significant areas of grassland ecosystems. Grasslands are recognized as being provincially limited in extent and threatened by development and land use activities. Of all the grasslands, this area is the most accessible for public recreation use. It is also the only area where the three main grassland ecosystem types (upper, middle and lower grasslands) occur in close proximity. The Tranquille Ecological Reserve, established for the preservation of representative ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir ecosystems, is located within the Protected Area. Dewdrop – Rosseau Creek Wildlife Management Area is a 4,200 ha area between Tranquille and Painted Bluffs Provincial Park on the north shore of Kamloops Lake. Designated in 1987, it protects an important winter range for mule deer and California bighorn sheep and is home to 90 species of reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals. 9.2.2 Community Parks and Recreational Facilities The Plan area contains very few community parks and recreation facilities. The Savona Community Association owns and operates the Savona Community Park, a waterfront park and boat launch located at the foot of Tingley Street. Two unimproved neighbourhood parks on Watson Drive East were created as a result of subdivision applications in the early 1980s. The Savona Community Hall is one of the few recreational facilities in the Plan area. No other park resources exist in the Plan area.

The 2005 Regional Community Parks Plan Policy Framework provides guidance with respect to the provision of park land dedication and cash in lieu of park at the time of subdivision. In addition, the study identifies options for Development Cost Charge (DCC) to fund community parks. Electoral Area “J” has a community parks service.



9.2.3 Lake Amenity Access Kamloops Lake is the Plan area’s principal natural amenity. Unfortunately, topography, private property, and most importantly, lake edge railway right of ways have thwarted the public’s ability to readily access the lake. Unlike current legislation, historic subdivision in the Plan area did not require public lake access development. A limited number of improved and unimproved access points are dotted around Kamloops Lake, including a public boat launch facility in Savona and a new marina in Tobiano. A new public boat launch and park is planned for Cooney Bay in the City of Kamloops. Residents enjoy present access to Kamloops Lake but have collectively expressed interest in additional pedestrian and vehicle access points along with improvements to existing lake access points. Other lakes, including Pat and Morgan, have adequate yet rustic public accesses for their size and use. An easement across grazing lease lands provides access to Beaton Lake.

9.3 Quality of Life Objectives a) To protect and preserve the environment, including views, vistas, and regionally significant

natural, cultural and archaeological features for continued community benefit.b) To provide parks and open space that enable public enjoyment of Kamloops Lake and

other watercourses, with opportunities for water-oriented activities.c) To provide parks and recreational opportunities that are accessible/ inclusive for all.d) To cherish and respect local heritage, indigenous cultures and archaeological values for

the benefit of future generations.e) To encourage and maintain institutional facilities where they best serve residents’ needs.f) To encourage Plan area residents to be suitably equipped and prepared for emergency

situations.g) To continue to build and enhance working relationships with area First Nations, recognizing

that constructive and enduring relationships with aboriginal communities provide afoundation for continued constructive dialogue on future regional issues.

Courtesy: TNFC



9.4 Quality of Life Policies 9.4.1 Parks and Recreation

a) Work with the Province, developers, and residents to identify potential recreation/ conservation sites and lake access improvements. Public parking shall be considered at lake access points.

b) Cooperate with Provincial agencies having authority, as well as the Canadian National and Canadian Pacific Railways, to maintain safe public access to Kamloops Lake and the Thompson River.

c) Maintain public access to Six Mile (Pat) and Beaton Lakes. d) Build upon the 2005 Regional Community Parks Plan Policy Framework to develop a

Regional Parks Plan. e) Support the enhancement and maintenance of the Savona Community Park. f) Support locating community facilities and parks in the Cherry Creek area as development

requires, and the needs of the community change. g) Support the Province’s initiative to manage ORV use through the Off Road Vehicle Act. h) Maintain and enhance resource values through managing motorized recreational access

and back-country camping on sensitive grassland ecosystems. ORV closures in the Pat (Six Mile) Lake and Cherry Creek areas are intended to protect, maintain and enhance resource values through the management of motorized recreational access and dispersed camping on sensitive sites as shown in Figures 8 and 9 below.

Figure 8: Motorized Vehicle Closure Areas – Cherry Creek Figure 9: Motorized Vehicle Closure Areas Pat (Six Mile) Lake



9.4.2 Park Dedication Policy Parks play a key role in the social well-being of all residents and visitors. The Local Government Act provides that at the time of subdivision, 5% of the subject land or 5% land value cash equivalent be set aside for public park. Cash-in-lieu of park dedication is generally preferred, and shall be requested if subdivision is in a rural area or if land acquisition would not reasonably meet public park criteria. If land is planned for dedication, the following policies, designations, and locational attributes shall be considered when determining a potential park land dedication or the Board’s decision to require cash-in-lieu: a) proximity to existing neighbourhoods, other parks and bodies of water (Kamloops Lake); b) minimum area to be dedicated should not be less than 2,000 square metres; c) cultural or natural features of significance (e.g. beach, grassland, viewscape); d) average slope should not exceed 20%; e) adequate accessibility for vehicular ingress/egress, if required; f) safe distance from environmental hazard areas; g) suitability for amenity or stewardship purposes; and h) potential for additional park dedication/acquisition on surrounding parcels.

9.4.3 Heritage and First Nations Policy Historic buildings and sites link the past to the present and establish a sense of place. While few historical buildings exist in the plan area, it has a rich archaeological and oral history reaching back thousands of years of Secwepemc land use. Known and unknown archaeological sites are protected under the Heritage Conservation Act. A portion of the Brigade Trail along Kamloops Lake and the Wilson House are amongst the few remnants of post-contact European settlers. a) Property owners proposing development of land with known or a high probability of

archaeological sites are directed to contact the BC Archaeology Branch for advice and guidance to avoid site disruption.

b) Review development applications against the archaeological site database to determine if conflicts exist between proposed development and archaeological sites.

c) Support the enhancement/expansion of the Savona Community Heritage Centre. d) The Savona Cemetery shall be protected and recognized as having significant cultural and

historic value. e) Wilson House and Brigade Trail are significant heritage assets while Balancing Rock is the

most prominent and unique natural feature in the Plan area. Development that may damage or detract from the quality of these resources is strongly discouraged.

f) Acknowledge and respect First Nations territory and traditional uses at provincial parks and other locations within the Plan area.



g) Continue local government information sharing with First Nations with claims in the Plan area and encourage them to share reciprocal information with us.

h) As part of a development review process, the TNRD may require an applicant to engage a professional archaeologist to determine whether an archaeological impact assessment is required.

9.4.4 Institutional, Recreational & Community Facilities Policy The built environment can directly impact an individual’s ability to make choices and changes toward a healthier lifestyle. Area residents take great pride in the community attributes that are

vital to their well-being, including civic buildings, social spaces and community events. The Plan area contains limited community or civic facilities due to the sparse population base and proximity to a broader range of community and support services in Kamloops; however, changing expectations are emerging as the population transitions. Younger families want amenities; while, an increasing proportion of older residents require more specialized facilities.

Savona Elementary School, the only elementary school in the Plan area, acts as a multi-purpose facility in the community for education and recreation activities. Maintaining and enhancing recreational facilities, including Savona School, are identified as a high priority by residents. School District 73 (Kamloops/Thompson) continues to be impacted by reduced enrolment levels, reflective of broader demographic and social changes. Secondary school students must commute to Kamloops. Other community facilities include a library, post office, senior’s centre, community hall, cemetery, museum and fire halls in Savona and Tobiano. a) Institutional, recreational & civic land uses are shown on Maps 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A and 2B. b) Work with School District No. 73 to review and assess the existing school facilities in

Savona, including joint use or multi-purpose functions of the existing school building and facilities when compatible.

c) Recognize the TNRD public library and neighbouring institutional uses as a focal point for Savona.

d) New major institutional development shall be serviced by an approved water system and sewage disposal system.

e) Encourage alternate transportation modes (pedestrian first, vehicle last) and ride-sharing. f) Recognize the importance of open spaces, parks, cultural, artistic events and

recreational opportunities in enhancing the Plan area’s quality of life. g) Work with the residents of Cherry Creek to identify opportunities to promote social

cohesion, including community events and a local community association. h) The work of pioneering families, FN elders and other seniors in the Plan is gratefully

acknowledged and their changing housing needs, social connectivity and support



services in the community is recognized. Support a range of housing choices to accommodate an aging population.

i) Support the Savona Seniors Centre and its important role in the community.


“Savona Elementary School is the heartbeat of this community”

Savona resident



9.4.6 Emergency Preparedness

Emergency Response The Plan area is susceptible to several types of disasters and emergencies, including wildfire and flooding. Pursuant to Provincial legislation and local government bylaws, the TNRD has implemented a regional Emergency Management Program. This program does not take the place of the Emergency Management B.C. (EMBC), nor does it address emergencies that are normally handled at the scene by the appropriate first responding agencies such as police, fire or ambulance. The program provides the direction and coordination required to respond and recover from major emergencies or disasters in the rural area. To support the program, an emergency operations centre will be established at the TNRD Civic Building in Kamloops. The TNRD program is in place to assist incident commanders when emergencies exceed their response capabilities, training, or available resources. The area is also provided with a 9-1-1 emergency phone service to connect with ambulance, fire, police and fire.

Fire Suppression and Other Emergency Services Savona and Tobiano each have their own respective volunteer fire departments and fire suppression apparatus. Fire events are a real hazard given the hot dry summers and high fire ratings. The 1998 Greenstone Mountain fire evidenced the risk and aftermath of a fire event in this area. Forest management combined with personal fire safety and fire evacuation plan compliance will form the basis for fire hazard mitigation in the Plan area. The area does not have established police, ambulance or health care facilities. These services are provided from Kamloops.

9.4.7 Emergency Preparedness

a) Continue to coordinate and provide 911 emergency response services. b) Continue to work with the Provincial Emergency Program on emergency planning. c) Support the ongoing efforts of Savona and Tobiano volunteer fire protection services and

work with each respective department during development application reviews. d) Encourage government service and civic facilities to remain or locate within Savona and

Tobiano, thereby maintaining a local service centre and commercial core in each community.

e) As population levels warrant, consider the expansion of fire suppression services.



f) Support the recommendations and implementation of the provincial Fire Smart program which includes guidelines in regards to building materials, fire separation, vegetation management, and general fire safety.

g) Work with the communities to maintain and implement the Cherry Creek, Savona, Thompson River Estates, Walhachin Evacuation Plan.

9.4.8 Community Accessibility & Inclusion Policy

a) Recognize the importance of supporting lifestyles where housing, public services and amenities are affordable, accessible, and inclusive to all residents and visitors.

b) Encourage community activities and events that generate inter-generational and inter-cultural interest, participation and social integration. This may include a range of concepts, including community based activities or new associations.

c) Support initiatives that provide feedback related to recreational and social opportunities for local youth.



PART 10: Utilities & Infrastructure

10.1 Context

10.1.1 Utilities & Infrastructure Servicing levels are as diverse as each of the OCP communities. The Plan acknowledges the advantages of orderly growth and pre-planning of subdivisions and the disadvantages of high

density unserviced development or premature, unafford-able service extensions. It supports combining servicing with sound land use development principles for the protection of environmentally sensitive land. The areas of highest priority for infrastructure and utilities in the Plan area, as identified by survey, were related to community water services in Cherry Creek, community sewer service in Savona, and fire protection in Cherry Creek.

10.1.2 Water Supply & Distribution

Groundwater Groundwater is a critical resource for Plan area residents for drinking, agricultural and commercial/industrial uses. Cumulative land uses will continue to impact groundwater resources. The Plan area’s improved rural parcels, including Cherry Creek, are serviced with drilled groundwater wells. Aquifer water quality and quantity varies with factors that include geological conditions, climate, recharge processes, soils, vegetation cover, sewage disposal methods and cumulative development draw down impacts. Aquifer protection combined with sustainable planning approaches is of paramount importance for the future. Cherry Creek aquifer shown on Figure 10 is based on Provincial mapping (Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations). Existing and future land use, especially in the Cherry Creek area, must take into account the effects of climate change, the needs of domestic and agricultural water users and the challenge of limited or dwindling groundwater resources. Sustainable planning must be considered for the viability of the groundwater resource.

Figure 10 - Cherry Creek Aquifer



Surface Water With the exception of Kamloops Lake, limited surface water sources exist within the Plan area. Kamloops Lake supplies both the Savona and Tobiano community water systems. The Savona community water system, developed in the mid-1970s, is owned and operated by the TNRD.

Tobiano is also serviced with a separate water supply system. Water licenses have been issued for domestic and stock watering uses on some creeks and springs in the Plan area. In response to proponents for a Cherry Creek community water system, the TNRD received an engineered conceptual design and cost estimate for a defined area of Cherry Creek with Kamloops Lake as the proposed water source. Letters seeking opinions and feedback were sent to landowners to determine whether they supported the

TNRD continuing to explore water system feasibility and service establishment. Of 179 surveys mailed within the proposed service area, 122 were returned to the TNRD. The results of the survey indicated that 67% (or 82 of 122) of Cherry Creek residents neither supported the concept of a water system for the area nor wished to have the issue explored any further.

10.1.3 Liquid Waste Plan area wastewater is primarily handled via on-site sewage systems subject to the Sewerage System Regulation under the Public Health Act. The exception, Tobiano, has a community sewer system developed under the Municipal Wastewater Regulation under the Environmental Management Act. Community sewage disposal in Savona was noted as a high priority for Savona Improvement District residents. In 2005, a feasibility study was undertaken for a potential Savona community sewage system. As part of that study, a questionnaire was mailed to all Savona property owners collecting information on potential problems with their existing sewerage installations. At the time, there were 265 buildings connected to the Savona community water system. The number of respondents with a dwelling/building on their lot was 69, a low 26% response rate. The responses follow:

Age of Sewage System 0-5 years 6

5-10 years 8 10-15 years 11 15-20 years 3 20-25 years 7 25 years+ 22 Don’t know 12

Frequency of septic tank pumping Annually 2 Every 2 years 13 Every 3 years 11 Every 4 years 11 Every 5 years 11 5-10 years 8 Never 13



A total of 14 respondents confirmed problems with their septic systems suggesting (and accounting for a proportionate non-response) that many septic systems have reached the end of their lifespan, will have to be replaced, are not maintained on a regular basis and may experience failures in the future. In the case of many of Savona’s small parcels, limited options are available for system replacement. The study concluded with two viable options for sewage treatment:

• Option 1 - Treatment plan on north shore of Thompson River with effluent discharge to the ground using rapid infiltration basins.

• Option 2 - Treatment plant located in Savona at one of two sites with deep lake outfall.

The study’s recommended community sewage system sites are indicated with a “PT” on Map 1C. Since land development and subdivision can be constrained by current sewerage disposal requirements, recent surveys conducted for the OCP review confirmed a strong interest in the development of a Savona community sewer system. That said, a Liquid Waste Management Plan is not being contemplated by the TNRD at this time.

10.1.4 Solid Waste Management The TNRD solid waste and recycling facility is located on Savona Dump Road on the north shore of Kamloops Lake. The TNRD promotes a reduction in solid waste through the Regional Solid Waste and Recycling Program. A curbside recycling program exists for Tobiano, Cherry Creek and Savona residents. The 2008 Regional Solid Waste Management Plan includes the following guiding principles: • Support a 30% waste reduction goal in the next 5 years measured against 2004 levels. • Programs will follow the 5Rs hierarchy – reduce, reuse, recycle, energy recovery and

residual management. • Commit to education and social marketing programs. • Adoption of a zero waste philosophy. • Support product stewardship programs and extended producer responsibility. • Establish a user-pay approach to program funding. • Carry out ongoing evaluation of all new programs. • Use local government policies and enforcement to increase waste diversion. • Implement criteria to ensure any and all new programs will be technically sound,

economically feasible, and acceptable to the public. • Support cooperation opportunities with member municipalities, other regional districts,

First Nations and private sector, as appropriate.

Plan area residents described garbage collection and recycling as the two leading local government programs or services that are most important to their household and their neighbourhoods.



10.1.5 Stormwater Management Stormwater management is key to the protection of property and aquatic ecosystems. Advanced urban-style stormwater retention/management exists within Tobiano. Development across the rest of the Plan area relies on site-specific requirements commensurate with development density and use (e.g. MoTI’s subdivision requirements or compliance with the Lakeshore Development Guidelines’ stormwater management requirements).

10.1.6 Other Utilities BC Hydro supplies most area residents with electrical power. Tobiano and Savona have natural gas services. Limited natural gas service is available in Cherry Creek. Improved wireless telecommunications are also available due in part to a new telecommunications tower located south of Tobiano. Most of the Plan area has high-speed internet service. Some meteorological towers have been installed to assess the future viability of wind energy resources and possible independent power project development.

10.2 Utilities & Infrastructure Objectives

a) To achieve the efficient provision of services and an efficient, affordable and environmentally appropriate level of infrastructure in each Plan area community.

b) To direct development to areas that can be best serviced by existing or pre-planned service extensions.

c) To ensure that safe and sustainable potable water, sewage disposal and drainage systems support healthy and sustainable living and meet all regulatory standards.

d) To encourage alternative energy and servicing systems for existing/new development. 10.3 Utilities & Infrastructure Policies - General

a) Direct development to areas that are appropriately serviced avoiding “leap-frog” subdivision.

b) Ensure development applications are consistent with overall sustainable subdivision servicing standards.

c) Infrastructure extensions or new services shall be developed on a user pay basis. 10.4 Water Supply & Distribution Policies

a) Ensure that community water systems meet the TNRD Water System Acquisition and Sustainability Strategy.

b) Require all new development within the Savona Improvement District and Tobiano service areas are appropriately serviced with community water and/or sewer.



c) Require all properties with drilled wells, surface water licenses and on-sitewastewater systems to meet all regulatory standards as outlined in the GroundwaterProtection Regulation. All water supply wells constructed after November 1, 2005are legally required to meet the minimum construction standards in the GroundwaterProtection Regulation which includes:

• new water supply wells must have a surfaceseal, secure well cap, well casing stick-up,wellhead graded and a well identificationplate attached to the well;

• all water wells must be constructed by orunder the direct supervision of a qualifiedwell driller who is registered with theProvince;

• water well pumps must be installed by or under the direct supervision of aqualified well pump installer; and

• wells that are no longer in use should be closed by backfilling and sealing thewell in accordance with the Groundwater Protection Regulation.

d) Encourage water conservation for all land uses, including residential, commercial,industrial and agriculture, including consideration of water confinement measuressuch as rainwater/snowmelt cisterns so as to supplement domestic water, irrigationor provide a water source for firefighting.

e) Support public education on water supply and periodic water testing.f) Recognize that residential density increases in the Savona Improvement District will

require water servicing upgrades. Encourage the Savona Improvement District towork with potential developers of lands south of the Trans-Canada Hwy to undertakea review for future expansion of the existing water system/reservoir for this area.

g) Advocate for a Cherry Creek integrated water management planning approach thatwill coordinate action on the groundwater supply, rainwater/snowmelt management,green infrastructure and Provincial regulations.

10.5 Liquid Waste Management Policies a) Consider a suitable location for a community sewage treatment facility in Savona as a

long-range strategy.b) Support Interior Health in raising awareness of effective ways to develop wastewater

disposal systems that minimize environment impacts.c) The TNRD opposes the discharge of untreated sewage into any watercourse or pump

and haul sewage disposal without significant technical review and Provincial approval.



10.6 Solid Waste Management Policies a) Support the ongoing implementation of the Regional District’s Solid Waste

Management Plan and its amendments. b) Endorse a more environmentally friendly and equitable approach to solid waste

management through education, efficient and responsible disposal methods and technologies.

10.7 Stormwater Management Policies

a) Encourage the review of stormwater management in new and existing development in accordance with best practices as outlined in Stormwater Planning – A Guidebook for British Columbia.

b) Support the development of alternative stormwater management solutions that are both cost effective and environmentally sustainable. This may include strategies to reduce/ control run-off such as on-site stormwater detention ponds in the rural areas.

c) Encourage the Approving Officer to require that subdivision proponents undertake an on-site stormwater management plan.

d) Encourage water conservation when designing homes on existing parcels, including water capture and confinement measures such as cisterns or water storage facilities to capture rainwater and snowmelt.

10.8 Other Utilities Policies

a) Encourage small-scale, self-reliant energy generation methods including solar, wind or geothermal energy.

b) Support improvements/ expansion of communications coverage including cell phone service and high-speed internet, taking into consideration visual impacts and Board policy.

c) Encourage utility companies and the Province to locate and develop utility corridors and roads in a way that will not have a negative impact on critical habitat areas or existing view corridors.

d) Encourage a thorough analysis of all proposed independent power projects to ensure OCP objectives and policies compliance.

Courtesy: Telus



PART 11: Roads & Transportation Networks

11.1 Roads & Transportation Networks

Context For generations prior to contact First Nations travelled local trails and waterways between hunting, fishing and trading areas. Many trails have evolved into the road network we enjoy today. In the 1840s, a new travel route, the Brigade Trail, was developed from Kamloops along the north shore of Kamloops Lake to Copper Creek and then on north to Loon Lake and

100 Mile House. The Brigade Trail was the area’s first major “highway.” Its use continued until 1858, when a ferry was established at Savona. Paddle wheelers plied the waters between Savona, Kamloops and points on both Thompson Rivers and the Shuswap Lakes. The Canadian Pacific and Canadian

National Railways then became the primary transportation method for goods and people until Trans-Canada Highway completion in the early 1960s. Today, the Trans-Canada Highway (Hwy #1) is the main east/west vehicle corridor in the Plan area. The Coquihalla Highway (Hwy #5) intersects the Trans-Canada Highway at the far eastern edge of the Plan area. Long-range planning efforts to plan for the primary arterial routes have been made to ensure safe expedited traffic flow. Secondary access roads provide most access to the settled sections of the Plan area. Existing rural residential properties are serviced with local roads developed to a rural MoTI standard. Roads within Tobiano were constructed as per MoTI design standards for public road. Road access to Kamloops Lake is limited to improved and unimproved access points on both sides of the lake. Access improvements at Bruker Marina and a park/boat launch facility at Tranquille will provide additional opportunities for residents and visitors to access and use Kamloops Lake and the river system, renewing transportation linkages between Savona, Kamloops and points north and west. Refer to Maps 3A and 3B for road locations and names.



11.2 Roads & Transportation Networks - Objectives a) To ensure the maintenance of a safe and efficient road

system to serve current and future community needs,especially along the Trans-Canada Highway.

b) To ensure that future development patterns and landuse decisions recognize and support highway safetyand mobility objectives.

c) To achieve a coordinated open space systemincorporating cyclists and pedestrians, and toencourage non-vehicular accessibility.

d) To encourage watercraft transportation on Kamloops Lake and Thompson River.

11.3 Roads & Transportation Networks - Policies a) Encourage MoTI to maintain local area roads in order to ensure safety of road users,

including a review of key intersections, the use of turning or deceleration lanes,bicycle lane or additional signage where appropriate.

b) Encourage MoTI to upgrade the Trans-Canada Highway intersections with bothGardi Road and Cherry Creek Station Road.

c) Work with the City of Kamloops and local mining proponents to develop anintegrated road network plan.

d) Acknowledge that the Trans-Canada and Coquihalla Highways are both ControlledAccess Highways. Direct access shall be attained through approval from MoTI andmay require road construction to a prescribed standard pending the scope of newdevelopment.

e) Work with MoTI, railway companies and Plan area residents to identify areas forimproved access to Kamloops Lake.

f) Work with advocacy groups and MoTI to develop a separated bike path on theTrans-Canada Highway corridor between Savona and Kamloops.

g) Advocate to protect future water-based transportation linkages between Savona,Tobiano and Kamloops.



PART 12: Temporary Use Permits

12.1 Temporary Use Permits Context

Temporary Use Permits (TUPs) may be issued by the TNRD under the authority of the Local Government Act. The intent of TUPs is to either accommodate a shorter term land use activity or to assess the given proposed land use prior to considering a more permanent zoning bylaw amendment. The temporary use may continue in accordance with the permit terms until expiry (maximum three years). Permits may be renewed only once for up to another three-year term. TUPs are not a replacement for a land use

designation. Should the applicant wish the continuation of the use beyond TUP expiry, an application to amend the zoning bylaw and/or OCP must be submitted well in advance of expiry date in order to assure non-interruption of land use. It is recommended that applications be submitted six (6) months prior to permit expiry.

12.2 Temporary Commercial & Industrial Use Permits - Policies

a) The TNRD will consider TUP applications throughout the Plan area. b) A TUP will be considered and examined in respect to the following:

• the proposed use should be explicitly temporary or seasonal in nature and not permanently alter the site or subject land;

• it should not cause negative health, safety, noise or environmental impacts; and • the intrusion of the proposed temporary use on adjoining agricultural, residential

and resource areas should be minimized, including the possible requirement of sound and visual mitigation measures and hours of operation.

c) TUP approval may be conditional upon a landowner providing security to guarantee the performance of permit conditions.

d) The Board of Directors may require the proponent to invite the local community to a public meeting prior to consideration of a proposed temporary use.

e) Uses permitted on a temporary basis may not necessarily be approved on a permanent basis.



PART 13: Development Permits

13.1 Development Permits Context

The OCP specifies community goals for protection of the environment and potential hazard mitigation. A Development Permit (DP) is the primary planning tool for lands and developments that warrant special protection or development control. Detailed consideration must be given when certain types of development or buildings are proposed in the DP areas. Local Government Act s. 919.1 grants authority to establish a DPA for a variety of purposes such as but not limited to: protection of the natural environment, its ecosystems and biological diversity; protection of development from hazardous conditions; and establishment of objectives to promote water conservation.

The guidelines established herein regulate development on lands designated as a “Development Permit Area” (DPA), as referenced for convenience on external map data. These maps are based upon Provincial Ministry information and/or formal designations by higher levels of government, the specifics being cited in each of the three DPAs.

General Provisions Before subdivision, land alteration, or construction can proceed in a DPA, landowners must first obtain a permit that sets out site-specific development requirements. Permit conditions generally address environmental and safety issues. The Board (or delegated authority) may also require that the development be consistent with any building or lakeshore development guidelines. Part 13 sets out the following three DPAs for the Plan area:

• DPA 1 - Riparian and Watercourse Protection Development Permit Area • DPA 2 - Environmentally Sensitive Development Permit Area • DPA 3 - Natural Hazard Lands Development Permit Area

Where land is subject to more than one DPA, a single process can accommodate both sets of DP requirements. Subject to the policy prescribed herein, a DP which can vary or supplement some limited provisions of any bylaw adopted under Part 26 of the Local Government Act, including zoning and subdivision servicing requirements.



13.2 Riparian and Watercourse Protection Development Permit Area 1 13.2.1 Purpose DPA 1, Riparian and Watercourse Development Permit Area, is established for the protection of the natural environment, its ecosystems, and biological diversity. DPA 1 facilitates administration of BC’s Riparian Areas Regulation, which applies to streamside and water body perimeter protection and enhancement areas in the TNRD.

13.2.2 Area DPA 1 requirements apply to all qualifying Plan area bodies of water as set out in provincial legislation as maintained on the Province’s Riparian Area Regulation Notification System (RARNS). As part of the OCP process, subject watercourses on private lands were assessed and verified, on the ground, by a qualified professional to confirm status under the Riparian Areas Regulation BC Reg 376/2004 (RAR). TNRD Interactive Mapping System reflects which Plan areas are affected as this data is gathered/updated and the RAR is amended or superseded.

DPA 1 Riparian Assessment areas adjacent to qualifying water-courses are as follow: a) a 30 metre strip on both sides of watercourse measured from the natural boundary; b) for a ravine less than 60 metres wide, a strip on both sides of the stream measured

from the high water mark to a point that is 30 metres beyond the top of the ravine bank; and

c) for a ravine over 60 metres wide, a strip on both sides of the stream measured from the natural boundary to a point that is 10 metres beyond the top of the ravine bank (Figure 11).

DP is required for any of the activities prescribed in the RAR.

13.2.3 Justification The primary goal of the DPA 1 designation is to regulate development activities in the riparian areas adjacent to watercourses in order to preserve natural features, functions and conditions that support fish life processes, for example:

• reducing or eliminating erosion; • maintaining tree canopy; and • protecting ground and surface water from contamination.

Figure 11: Riparian Assessment Area



13.2.4 Guidelines a) All development within DPA 1 must be consistent with the RAR. b) Prior to any building, clearing, and excavation, development activities should be

planned in advance so as to avoid intrusion into DPA 1 in order to minimize the impact of activities on these areas.

c) A DP may be issued upon receipt of a written report from an environmental professional qualified to submit under RAR. The report shall be used to determine the conditions of the development permit and may be appended to the permit document.

d) DP approval may be conditional upon a landowner providing security to guarantee the performance of permit conditions.

13.2.5 Exemptions

Exemptions from the requirements of DPA 1 are as prescribed in the RAR provincial legislation.



13.3 Environmentally Sensitive Development Permit Area 2 13.3.1 Purpose DPA 2, Environmentally Sensitive Development Permit Area, is designated for the purposes of protecting the natural environment, its ecosystems and biological diversity, and minimizing the environmental impact of future development. The purpose is to establish conditions on developments so that rare, endangered, and sensitive ecosystems and wildlife are protected from inappropriate development and negative impacts are mitigated.

13.3.2 Area

DPA 2 lands are as indicated by the British Columbia Conservation Data Centre’s database, a part of the Ministry of Environment’s Environmental Protection and Sustainability Division. These areas include but are not limited to grasslands, rugged terrain and aquatic and terrestrial areas including habitat for blue and red listed species, as amended or superseded. Identification of these areas will be undertaken based on mapping as it is issued by the Province of British Columbia or federally, by Environment Canada. A DP is required for any of the following activities associated with or resulting from residential, commercial, institutional or industrial activities within an ESA: a) removal, alteration, disruption or destruction of vegetation or disturbance of soils; b) construction or alteration of buildings and structures; c) creation of non-structural impervious or semi-impervious surfaces; d) flood protection works; e) construction of roads, trails, docks, wharves and bridges; and f) subdivision as defined in the Land Title Act or the Strata Property Act, including the

division of land into 2 or more parcels, except where the subdivision does not result in an increase in density.

Assessment by a qualified professional may be appended and form the terms of the DP. 13.3.3 Justification

The Plan area’s natural environment provides essential habitat for a unique range of plants, fish, birds and other flora and fauna. The justification for this DP is to establish conditions on developments so that rare, endangered and sensitive ecosystems and wildlife is protected from encroachment and, where appropriate, development impacts are mitigated. The objectives of DPA 2 include: • conserve ESAs in their natural state while supporting rural land uses; • recognize and protect ESAs prior to development and subdivision; and • preserve habitat and ecosystems through creative land use tools (e.g. buffers).



13.3.4 Guidelines a) The location and characteristics of those environmentally sensitive areas noted on the

DPA 2 map are intended for convenience only. “Ground-truthing” may be required by a qualified professional to accurately determine exact location and features.

b) The TNRD discourages any development within environmentally sensitive areas. Prior to any development, building, and excavation activity, advance planning is required to avoid intrusion into DPA 2 and to minimize the impact.

c) An environmental impact assessment is required and must be prepared by a QEP together with other professionals of specific expertise, as required. Expertise in Thompson Valley wildlife species, wildlife habitat, and ecosystems is preferred. The assessment shall provide recommendations for protecting the environmentally sensitive area through siting of buildings, structures and utilities and recommend measures to reduce any negative impacts. The environmental impact assessment should provide guidance with respect to the following: • buffers around ESAs based on provincial guidelines and best management practices; • maintenance for existing cottonwood stands (where applicable); • protection of nesting and denning sites; • Ponderosa pine and grassland protection; and • safely preserve snags, standing dead trees, downed logs and stumps.

d) DP approval may be conditional upon a landowner providing security to guarantee the performance of permit conditions.

13.3.5 Exemptions

DPA 2 does not apply to the following: a) construction, alteration, addition, repair demolition and maintenance of farm buildings; b) subdivision where the smallest parcel is 20 ha or more or where the subdivision

comprises of a minor lot line adjustment; c) reconstruction, renovation or repair of a legal permanent structure if the structure

remains on its existing foundation; if the foundation is moved, extended, or the development results in a further encroachment into an ESA a DP would be required;

d) emergencies procedures or other immediate threats to life or property including: emergency flood or erosion protection works, clearing of an obstruction from a bridge, culvert or drainage flow and repairs to bridges or fencing;

e) environmentally sensitive removal of infested, diseased or hazardous trees in accordance with the best practices for hazard tree limbing, topping or removal as indicated by a certified arborist;

f) construction of fences on residential properties; g) DP under s. 13.3 has already been issued (and terms met) or a covenant pertaining

to ecosystem matters is registered on property title for the subject land, and the DP or covenant conditions have all been addressed; or

h) written confirmation by a qualified professional confirming that there is no environmentally sensitive area.



13.4 Natural Hazard Lands Development Permit Area 3 13.4.1 Purpose DPA 3, Natural Hazard Lands Development Permit Area, is designated for the purpose of protecting development from hazardous conditions relating to steep slopes. This designation endeavors to minimize loss of life and property due to unstable slopes by requiring development to be designed and engineered to provide a higher level of protection from geotechnical instability. It also is to ensure that drainage near slopes is managed in a way that does not negatively impact the subject property or down-slope lands.

13.4.2 Area

DPA 3 applies to all lands with slopes in excess of 30%, referred to herein as 'steep slopes' and as generally illustrated on the DPA 3 map. The TNRD requires an assessment of slope conditions as a condition of DP issuance. The Province of British Columbia’s 1:20,000 TRIM (Terrain Resource Information Management) mapping, as amended or superseded, indicated 20m contours and provides base line information respecting whether a DP is triggered; however, more detailed site assessment may be required for slopes approximating 30% to determine if a DP is required.

13.4.3 Justification

The justification and objectives of this designation are to:

• ensure that people and property are safe from hazard;• ensure that development on or near steep slopes is designed and engineered to

provide a high level of protection from ground instability and/or slope failure; and• ensure that drainage near steep slopes is managed in a way that does not

negatively impact the subject property or downslope lands, and resources or uses.

13.4.4 Guidelines

a) The TNRD discourages development on steep slopes and urges developers to avoidsuch locations; however, if unavoidable, prior to any intrusion, building andexcavation activity is planned, consideration of DPA 3 impacts is recommended.

b) Where steep slopes are proposed to be developed, a DP shall be considered prior toconstruction/alteration of or addition to any building or other structure or prior tosubdivision approval, in accordance with the following:• the applicant must commission and submit a report prepared by a professional

engineer or geoscientist with experience in geotechnical engineering to determinethe conditions and requirements of the DP. This report must certify that the “landmay be used safely for the use intended” as provided in the Local Government Act.



c) The report should also include the following analysis and information: • site map showing area of investigation, including existing and proposed buildings,

structures, septic tank/field locations, drinking water sources, watercourses and other natural features;

• strength and structure of rock material, bedding sequences, slope gradient, landform shape, soil depth, soil strength and clay mineralogy;

• surface and subsurface water flows and drainage away from public roads;

• vegetation including plant rooting, clear cutting, vegetation conversion, etc.; • recommended setbacks from the toe and top of the slope; and • recommended mitigation measures and 'no-build' areas. Additional technical requirements may be requested by MoTI as part of a subdivision approval process.

d) Development in steep slopes should avoid: • cutting into a slope without providing adequate mechanical support; • adding water to a slope that would impact soils stability; • adding weight to the top of a slope, including fill or waste;

• removing vegetation from a slope; • blasting of rock features or talus slope disturbance unless it can be demonstrated

that these features are not providing denning, nesting, roosting or protection habitat for species at risk;

• cut and fill that creates steeper slopes; and • siting septic systems and fields within steep slopes. Exceptions will only be

considered in cases where a new system replaces or improves an existing failing one. All practices must abide by the recommendations of the Sewerage System Standard Practices Manual, which requires system design by a Professional Engineer on sites exceeding 25% slope.

e) A covenant may be requested to be registered on title identifying the hazard and remedial requirements as specified in the geotechnical or engineering reports for the benefit and safe use of future owners.

f) DP approval may be conditional upon a landowner providing security to guarantee the performance of permit conditions.

13.4.5 Exemptions

DPA 3 does not apply to the following: a) interior alterations to a building; b) exterior decks and stairs; c) minor landscape features; d) flood construction level exemptions as described in Zoning Bylaw No. 2400.



REFERENCES1 www.landoftheshuswap.com

2 Madrone Environmental Services Ltd. (2010). Archaeological Impact Assessment of the Tranquille on the Lake Property. Mimeograph. 152pp

3 Urban Futures (2012). A Context for Change Management in the Thompson-Nicola Regional District – Projections of Population, Housing and Employment Change. Mimeograph. 60pp

4 Ibid.

5 Taylor, W.A. (1975). Crown Lands : A History of Survey Systems. Victoria, BC: Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management – Registries and Titles Department. Fifth Reprint – 2004. 53pp.

6 Balf, Mary. (1978). Why that Name? Place Names of the Kamloops District. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum.

7 Balf, Mary. (1980). Savona’s Ferry. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum.

Other Reference Resources • Balf, M. (1981). Kamloops: A History of the District up to 1914. In Kamloops Museum

Archives.• Favrholdt, K. Fur Trade Trails through British Columbia. In Kamloops Museum Archives.• Favrholdt, Ken. (1999). Report on Aboriginal Claims on the south side of Kamloops Lake.

Mimeograph. 32pp.• Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. (1992). “Thompson River Water Quality

Assessment and Objectives – Technical Appendix”. Mimeograph. 307pp.• Johnsen, Timothy F. and Brennand, Tracy A. (2004). “Late-glacial lakes in the Thompson

Basin, British Columbia: paleogeography and evolution”. Canadian Journal of EarthpSciences. November 2004, Vol. 41, No. 11. pp. 1367-1383.

• Bepple, Warren and Carolyn (2009). Memories of Criss Creek, Red Lake and CopperCreek – 1910-1980 or so. Criss Creek: Criss Creek Publishing.


http://www.landoftheshuswap.com/

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